托福分類詞匯表

華聯(lián)教育/托福分類詞匯表（共17類863個(gè)常用單詞）一、psychology心理1.mental心理的2.physical身體的，物質(zhì)的，物理的3.spiritual心靈的4.conformity從眾5.majority多數(shù)人6.minority少數(shù)人7.thresholdjudgment（心理學(xué)）初始性判斷8.subject受實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象9.心理學(xué)psychology10.心理現(xiàn)象mentalphenomenon11.心理過(guò)程mentalprocess12.心理狀態(tài)mentalstate13.心理活動(dòng)mentalactivity14.意識(shí)consciousness15.內(nèi)部活動(dòng)internalactivity16.普通心理學(xué)generalpsychology17.實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)experimentalpsychology18.行為科學(xué)behavioralscience19.心身關(guān)系mind-bodyrelation20.遺傳heredity21.活動(dòng)理論activitytheory22.中央處理器模型centralprocessormodel23.信息儲(chǔ)存informationstorage24.人工智能artificialintelligence,ai25.計(jì)算機(jī)類比computeranalogy26.計(jì)算機(jī)模擬computersimulation27.計(jì)算機(jī)模型computermodel28.測(cè)謊器liedetector29.預(yù)期誤差anticipationerror30.正誤法methodofrightandwrongcases31.反應(yīng)response32.訪談法interviewmethod33.問(wèn)卷法questionnaire34.表情法methodofexpression35.提示法anticipationmethod36.視覺vision37.瞳孔pupil38.可見光visiblelight39.顏色匹配colormatching40.顏色對(duì)比colorcontrast41.顏色混合colormixture42.加色混合additivecolormixture43.色弱colorweakness44.紅色弱redweakness45.色盲colorblindness46.紅色盲redblindness47.藍(lán)黃色盲blue-yellowblindness48.內(nèi)耳innerear49.中耳middleear50.反映reflection二、geography地理1.geography地理2.geographer地理學(xué)家3.hemisphere半球4.meridian子午線，經(jīng)線5.parallel平行圈，緯線6.latitude經(jīng)度7.longitude精度8.elevation海拔9.altitude高度10.temperatelatitudes溫帶地區(qū)11.horizon地平線12.equator赤道13.tropics熱帶地區(qū)14.arctic北極15.antarctic(antarctica)南極16.expedition探險(xiǎn)17.timezone時(shí)區(qū)18.topography地形，地形學(xué)19.plain平原20.plateau(highland)高地21.lowland低地22.basin盆地23.cavern(cave)洞穴24.terrain地域25.subterranean(underground)地底下26.coastland沿海地區(qū)27.island島嶼28.continentalisland大陸島29.volcanicisland火山島30.coralisland珊瑚島31.islet小島32.peninsular半島33.continent大陸34.continentalshelf大陸架35.ranges山脈36.valley峽谷37.canyon峽谷38.channel(strait)海峽39.remote-sensing遙感的40.terrestrial地球的，陸地的41.terrestrialheat(geothermal)地?zé)?2.terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)地磁43.continentaldrift大陸漂移學(xué)說(shuō)44.sea-floorspreading海床擴(kuò)展45.evaporation蒸發(fā)46.salinity含鹽度47.oceanbottom海床48.sediment沉淀物，沉積物49.tropical熱帶的50.temperate溫帶的51.frigid寒帶的52.formation形成53.frostheaving凍脹現(xiàn)象54.fieldstone卵石三、geology地質(zhì)學(xué)1.geologist地質(zhì)學(xué)家2.crust地殼3.mantle地幔4.core地核5.continentalcrust大陸地殼6.oceaniccrust海洋地殼7.layer(stratum,復(fù)數(shù)strata)地層8.plate板塊9.fault斷層10.faultplane斷層面11.faultzone斷層帶12.rift(crack;split)斷裂13.disintegration(decomposition)分解14.erosion腐蝕15.fossil化石16.igneousrock火成巖17.sedimentaryrock沉積巖18.metamorphicrock變質(zhì)巖19.quartz石英20.limestone石灰?guī)r21.marble大理石22.granite花崗巖23.lithogenous巖成的24.lithosphere巖石圈25.magma巖漿26.mineral礦物27.ore礦石28.deposit礦床29.platinum白金，鉑30.silver銀31.copper黃銅32.aluminum鋁33.tin錫34.lead鉛35.zinc鋅36.nickel鎳37.mercury汞，水銀38.sodium鈉39.gem寶石40.diamond鉆石41.emerald綠寶石42.ruby紅寶石43.glacier冰川44.glacial冰川的45.glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期46.glacialdrift冰漬47.iceberg冰山48.volcano火山49.activevolcano活火山50.extinctvolcano死火山51.dormantvolcano休眠火山52.eruption火山噴發(fā)53.crater火山口54.lava火山巖漿55.volcanic火山的56.volcanicdust火山塵57.volcanicash火山灰58.earthquake(quake;tremor;seism)地震59.seismic地震的60.seismology地震學(xué)61.magnitude震級(jí)62.seismicwave地震波63.cataclysm災(zāi)變四、anthropologist人類學(xué)家1.paleoanthropologist古人類學(xué)家2.ecologicalanthropologist生態(tài)人類學(xué)家3.psychologicalanthropologist心理人類學(xué)家4.origin起源5.originate起源于6.ancestor祖先7.hominid人（科）8.homogeneous同一種族（種類）的9.tribe部落10.clan氏族11.archeologist考古學(xué)家12.excavation挖掘13.excavate(unearth)挖掘14.ruins遺跡，廢墟15.remains遺跡，遺骸16.artifact手工藝品17.relic遺物，文物18.antique古物，古董19.antiquity古代，古老20.stoneage石器時(shí)代21.bronzeage（青）銅器時(shí)代22.ironage鐵器時(shí)代23.paleolithic舊石器時(shí)代的24.mesolithic中石器時(shí)代的25.neolithic新石器時(shí)代的26.archaeology考古學(xué)27.anthropology人類學(xué)28.morphology形態(tài)學(xué)29.skull顱骨30.cranial顱骨的五、ecology生態(tài)學(xué)1.ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家2.ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)3.balance(ofnature)自然界生態(tài)平衡4.fauna動(dòng)物群5.flora植物群6.rainforest雨林7.foodchain食物鏈8.acidrain酸雨9.greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)10.infraredradiation紅外線輻射11.ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧層12.ultravioletradiation紫外輻射13.pollution污染14.pollutioncontrol污染控制15.airpollution空氣污染16.waterpollution水污染17.noisepollution噪音污染18.soilpollution土壤污染19.pollution-free無(wú)污染20.pollutant污染物21.noxious(toxic)有毒的22.fumes（有毒）廢氣23.waste廢物24.solidwaste固體垃圾25.sewage(wastewater)污水26.sewagepurification污水凈化27.sewagedisposal污水處理28.decibel（噪音）分貝六、meteorology氣象1.meteorology氣象2.meteorologist氣象學(xué)家3.forecast(predict)預(yù)報(bào)4.climate氣候5.atmosphere大氣層6.troposphere對(duì)流層7.current（氣）流8.vapor蒸汽9.evaporate蒸發(fā)10.damp(wet;moist;humid)潮濕的11.humidity濕度12.moisture潮濕；水分13.SATurate飽和14.dew露15.frost霜16.fog(mist)霧17.smog煙霧18.droplet小水珠19.condense濃縮20.crystal水晶體21.downpour(torrentialrain)大雨22.tempest(storm)暴風(fēng)雨23.drizzle細(xì)雨24.shower陣雨25.hail冰雹26.blizzard(snowstorm)暴風(fēng)雪27.avalanche(snowslide)雪崩28.precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水29.breeze微風(fēng)30.gale大風(fēng)31.whirlwind旋風(fēng)32.typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)33.hurricane颶風(fēng)34.tornado(twister,cyclone)龍卷風(fēng)35.funnel漏斗，漏斗云36.disaster(calamity,catastrophe)災(zāi)難37.devastation破壞38.submerge淹沒(méi)39.drought旱災(zāi)七、chemistry化學(xué)1.chemicalproperty化學(xué)特性，化學(xué)性質(zhì)2.chemicalcomposition(makeup)化學(xué)成分3.chemicalagent化學(xué)試劑4.chemicalreaction化學(xué)反應(yīng)5.chemicalchange化學(xué)變化6.chemicalbond化學(xué)鍵7.chemicalapparatus化學(xué)器械8.substance(matter;material)物質(zhì)9.element元素10.periodictable周期表11.hydrogen氫12.oxygen氧13.nitrogen氮14.helium氦15.carbon碳16.calcium鈣17.silicon硅18.sulfur硫19.iodine碘20.compound化合物21.hydrocarbon碳?xì)浠衔?2.derivative衍生物23.alchemy煉金術(shù)24.petroleum(oil)石油25.petroleumproducts石油產(chǎn)品26.crudeoil原油27.refine提煉，精煉28.gasoline汽油29.methane甲烷30.solution溶液31.dissolve溶解32.solvent溶劑33.solubility可溶性34.cohesive聚合力35.adhesive粘合力36.atom原子37.nucleus原子核38.electron電子39.neutron中子40.proton質(zhì)子41.molecule分子42.particle粒子43.ion離子44.particleaccelerator粒子加速器45.catalysis（復(fù)數(shù)catalyses）催化作用46.catalyst催化劑47.artificial人造的48.synthetic合成的49.syntheticfiber人造纖維50.polymer聚合物51.polymerization聚合作用52.plastic塑料53.dye染料54.cosmetics化妝品八、physics物理1.physics物理2.mechanics力學(xué)3.thermodynamics熱力學(xué)4.acoustics聲學(xué)5.electromagnetism電磁學(xué)6.optics光學(xué)7.dynamics動(dòng)力學(xué)8.force力9.velocity速度10.acceleration加速度11.equilibrium平衡12.statics靜力學(xué)13.motion運(yùn)動(dòng)14.inertia慣性15.gravitation引力16.relativity相對(duì)17.gravity地心引力18.vibration震動(dòng)19.medium(media)媒質(zhì)20.frequency頻率21.wavelength波長(zhǎng)22.pitch音高23.intensity強(qiáng)度24.echo回聲25.resonance回聲，洪亮26.sonar聲納27.ultrasonics超聲學(xué)28.electricity電29.staticelectricity靜電30.magnetism磁性，磁力31.magnet磁體32.electromagnet電磁33.magneticfield磁場(chǎng)34.electriccurrent電流35.directcurrent(dc)直流電36.alternatingcurrent(ac)交流電37.electriccircuit電路38.electriccharge電荷39.electricvoltage電壓40.electricshock觸電41.electricappliance電器42.conductor導(dǎo)體43.insulator絕緣體44.semiconductor半導(dǎo)體45.battery(cell)電池46.drybattery干電池47.storagebattery蓄電池48.electronics電子學(xué)49.electronic電子的50.electroniccomponent(part)電子零件51.integratedcircuit集成電路52.chip集成電器片，集成塊53.electrontube電子管54.vacuumtube真空管55.transistor晶體管56.amplification(名詞)放大57.amplify（動(dòng)詞）放大58.amplifier放大器，揚(yáng)聲器59.oscillation震蕩60.optical光（學(xué)）的61.opticalfiber光學(xué)纖維62.lens透鏡，鏡片63.convex凸透鏡64.concave凹透鏡65.microscope顯微鏡66.telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡67.magnifier放大鏡68.spectrum光譜69.ultraviolet紫外線70.xraysx射線71.gammaraysγ射線72.infraredrays紅外線73.microwaves微波74.dispersion色散75.transparent透明76.translucent半透明77.opaque不透明的九、mathematics1.mathematics數(shù)學(xué)2.mathematician數(shù)學(xué)家3.arithmetic算術(shù)4.calculation計(jì)算5.calculator計(jì)算器6.abacus算盤7.numeral數(shù)字8.sum和9.total(sumtotal)總和，總數(shù)10.aggregate總計(jì)11.fraction分?jǐn)?shù)，小數(shù)12.decimal十進(jìn)位，（十進(jìn)）小數(shù)13.digit數(shù)字，數(shù)位14.percentage百分比15.addition加法16.plus加上17.subtraction減法18.minus減去19.multiplication乘法20.multiplicationtable乘法表21.multiply乘以22.times乘以23.power乘方24.square平方25.division除法26.divide除以27.algebra代數(shù)28.quantity表示量的數(shù)（或符號(hào)）29.equation方程式，等式30.formula公式31.root根32.geometry幾何33.geometric幾何的34.dimension維35.paralleladj.平行的n.平行線36.quadrilateral四邊形37.square正方形38.area面積39.rectangle長(zhǎng)方形，矩形40.polygon多邊形41.cube立方形42.volume體積43.sphere球形44.circle圓形45.ellipse(oval)橢圓形46.cone圓錐形47.circumference圓周48.diameter直徑49.radius半徑50.triangle三角形51.angle角52.degree(角)度53.calculus微積分54.differentialcalculus微分學(xué)55.integralcalculus積分學(xué)56.function函數(shù)57.probability概率58.statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)59.quantitative量的，數(shù)量的60.qualitative質(zhì)的，質(zhì)量的61.deduction(inference)推論，演繹62.induction歸納十、agriculture農(nóng)業(yè)1.agriculture(farming)農(nóng)業(yè)2.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的3.land(soil)土壤；土地4.soilconservation土壤保護(hù)5.soilerosion泥土流失6.silt粉砂，泥沙7.clay黏土，濕土8.clod土塊9.agrarian土地的，農(nóng)業(yè)的10.pilot(experimental)試驗(yàn)性的11.harrow(rake)耙，耙土12.ridge田埂13.furrow犁溝14.plot（patch）小塊地15.ranch農(nóng)場(chǎng)，牧場(chǎng)16.plantation種植園17.orchard果園18.nursery苗圃19.seedbed苗床20.sickle鐮刀21.spade鏟，鍬22.shovel(平頭)鏟23.pick稿24.tractor拖拉機(jī)25.cultivate(till)耕作26.sow(seed)播種27.harvest收割28.weed除草29.irrigate灌溉30.manure(fertilizer)肥料31.spray噴灑（農(nóng)藥）32.insecticide(pesticide)殺蟲劑33.pest害蟲34.rust銹病35.grain(cereal)谷物，谷粒36.granary(grainstore)糧倉(cāng)37.mill碾，磨38.wheat小麥39.corn玉米40.rice大米41.barley大麥42.sorghum高粱43.oats燕麥44.rye黑麥45.millet粟，小米46.vegetable蔬菜47.horticulture園藝學(xué)48.hydroponics水栽法，營(yíng)養(yǎng)液栽培法49.greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed)溫室50.cabbage洋白菜51.lettuce生菜52.mustard芥菜53.spinach菠菜54.broccoli花椰菜55.cucumber黃瓜56.eggplant茄子57.pepper辣椒58.pumpkin南瓜59.tomato西紅柿60.beet甜菜61.carrot胡蘿卜62.radish小紅蘿卜63.pea豌豆64.soybean大豆65.celery芹菜66.garlic大蒜67.leek韭菜68.onion洋蔥頭69.potato土豆70.peanut花生71.sesame芝麻72.cotton棉花73.husbandry(animalhusbandry)畜牧業(yè)74.pasture牧場(chǎng)75.livestock家畜76.fowl(poultry)家禽77.cattle牛，家畜78.buffalo野牛79.dairy(dairycattle)奶牛80.dairyfarm乳牛場(chǎng)81.hay（作飼料用）干草82.haystack干草堆83.fodder(feed)飼料84.trough飼料槽85.barn(shed)牲口槽86.stable廄，馬廄87.cowshed牛棚88.pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)豬圈89.sheepfold(sheeppen)羊欄90.roost(henhouse)雞舍91.fishfarm養(yǎng)魚場(chǎng)92.aquaculture水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖十一、animal動(dòng)物1.darvinism達(dá)爾文學(xué)說(shuō)2.naturalselection自然選擇3.class綱4.order目5.family科6.genus屬7.suborder亞目8.species種9.invertebrate無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物10.vertebrate脊椎動(dòng)物11.aquatic(life)水生動(dòng)物12.reptile爬行動(dòng)物13.amphibian(amphibiousanimal)兩棲動(dòng)物14.dinosaur恐龍15.bird鳥類16.extinction滅絕17.mammal哺乳動(dòng)物18.primates靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物19.insect昆蟲20.antenna(復(fù)數(shù)antennae)觸須21.larva幼蟲，幼體22.camouflage偽裝23.pest害蟲24.worm蟲，蠕蟲25.hibernate冬眠26.lizard蜥蜴27.chameleon變色蜥蜴28.regeneration再生29.turtle龜30.beast野獸31.domesticate馴養(yǎng)32.predatory(carnivorous)食肉的33.predator捕食者34.prey（動(dòng)詞）捕食（名詞）被捕食的動(dòng)物35.scavenger食腐動(dòng)物36.migrate遷移37.wing翅膀，翼38.bill（鳥）嘴39.beak（鷹等的）嘴40.nest筑巢41.dolphin海豚42.whale鯨魚43.bat蝙蝠44.gorilla大猩猩45.chimpanzee黑猩猩46.habitat棲息地47.rodent嚙齒動(dòng)物（如松鼠）48.primate靈長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物49.plankton浮游生物50.mollusk軟體動(dòng)物51.coelenterate腔腸動(dòng)物（如珊瑚）52.shrimp小蝦53.prawn對(duì)蝦54.lobster對(duì)蝦55.crab螃蟹56.clam蛤蜊57.sponge海綿58.coral珊瑚59.starfish海星60.canary金絲雀61.chirp(鳥，蟲的叫聲)唧唧62.squeak（老鼠等）吱吱63.porpoise海豚64.sloth樹懶65.slothful懶惰的66.hygiene衛(wèi)生67.sanitation衛(wèi)生68.parasite寄生蟲69.moth蛾70.caterpillar毛蟲71.hordes(昆蟲等)群72.swarms(昆蟲等)群73.flock（鳥，羊等）群74.community動(dòng)物的群落或人的部落75.herd獸群76.bunch（花等）束，捧77.beaver海貍78.monogamous一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的79.polygamous一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的80.polyandrous一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的81.trapper誘捕動(dòng)物者82.rhinoceros犀牛83.niche小生態(tài)環(huán)境84.vestige退化器官，遺跡85.oyster牡蠣86.fertilizer使…受精87.larvae幼蟲88.tentacle觸角89.homotherm恒溫動(dòng)物90.poikilotherm變溫動(dòng)物91.metabolism新陳代謝92.baboon狒狒93.breed(名詞)品種，（動(dòng)詞）繁殖94.multiply（reproduce）繁殖95.hatch孵96.spawn(魚、蝦、蛙等)孵97.offspring(young)解剖學(xué)98.anatomy解剖學(xué)99.appetite食欲100.creature生物101.microbe微生物102.herbivorous食草的103.carnivorous食肉的104.omnivorous雜事的十二、plant植物1.botany植物學(xué)2.botanist植物學(xué)家3.botanical(botanic)植物的4.plant植物5.aquaticplant水生植物6.parasiteplant寄生植物7.root根8.canopy樹冠層，頂棚9.foliage(leaf)葉10.leaflet小葉11.rosette(葉的)叢生12.stem莖13.stalk桿14.leafstalk葉柄15.shoot(sprout)嫩芽，抽枝16.flower花17.bud花蕾18.petal花瓣19.peel(skin)果皮20.shell(硬)果殼21.husk（干）果殼；（玉米）苞葉22.trunk樹干23.branch樹枝24.bough大或者粗的樹枝25.twig小樹枝26.bark樹皮27.jungle叢林28.lawn草坪29.meadow草地，牧場(chǎng)30.prairie大草原31.shrub(bush)灌木32.cluster一簇（灌木）33.fern蕨類植物34.herb草35.photosynthesis光合作用36.symbiosis共生37.wither(shrivel,fade)凋謝38.pollen花粉39.pollinate傳授花粉40.pollination授粉41.cell細(xì)胞42.tissue組織43.organ器官44.system系統(tǒng)45.seeds種子46.everlasting永久的47.orchid蘭花48.pollinate授粉49.crossbreed雜交50.shrub灌木51.sequoia紅杉52.rootpressure根壓53.cohesion-tension凝聚壓力54.bore腔，腸55.column花柱56.symbiotic共生的57.immunity免疫58.organism生物，有機(jī)物59.necrosis壞死60.barren貧瘠61.futile無(wú)用的62.carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物（淀粉），糖類63.glucose葡萄糖64.starch淀粉65.fat脂肪66.protein蛋白質(zhì)67.vitamin維他命68.calorie卡路里（熱量單位）69.malnourished營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的70.nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)十三、politics政治1.constitution憲法2.legislation立法3.democrats民主黨4.republicans共和黨5.amendment修正案6.congress美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)7.senate參議院8.houseofrepresentatives眾議院9.monarchy君主制10.anarchism無(wú)政府主義11.federalsystem聯(lián)邦制12.presidentialsystem總統(tǒng)制13.municipal市的，市政的14.metropolitan大都市的15.centralized中央集權(quán)的16.ideology意識(shí)形態(tài)17.maneuver擦略18.tariff關(guān)稅19.immigrant移民20.institutionalize機(jī)構(gòu)化21.election選舉22.vote投票23.officeholding任職24.veto否決25.americanrevolution美國(guó)革命/獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)26.independencewar美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)27.americancivilwar美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)28.radical激進(jìn)的,根本的29.overturning顛覆性的30.independent獨(dú)立的31.breathtaking激動(dòng)人心的32.military軍事的33.colonize拓殖，殖民34.percapita人均35.treason叛國(guó)36.conspiracy陰謀37.imprisonment監(jiān)禁38.release釋放39.pardon特赦40.accuSATion譴責(zé)，指控41.welfare福利42.patronage資助，贊助43.unionization聯(lián)合，結(jié)合十四、education教育1.educator教育家2.highereducation高等教育3.moralcharacter道德品質(zhì)4.domain領(lǐng)域5.faculty全體教員6.alumni校友7.treasurer生活委員，財(cái)務(wù)大臣8.electivesystem選課制度9.curriculum課程（總稱）10.discipline學(xué)科，管理11.learnbyrote死記硬背十五、music音樂(lè)1.musicalinstrument樂(lè)器2.orchestra樂(lè)隊(duì)3.string弦樂(lè)4.wind管樂(lè)5.shookrattle搖撥浪鼓6.pounddrum擊鼓7.footbeat點(diǎn)腳，跺腳8.percussion震蕩，打擊樂(lè)器9.note音符10.score樂(lè)譜11.movement樂(lè)章12.fanatical狂熱的13.hillbillymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)14.folkmusic民間音樂(lè)15.popmusic流行音樂(lè)16.classicalmusic古典音樂(lè)17.jazz爵士樂(lè)十六、astronomy天文1.astronomy天文學(xué)2.astronomical天文的3.astronomicalobservatory天文臺(tái)4.astronomer天文學(xué)家5.astrophysics天文物理學(xué)6.astrology占星學(xué)7.pseudoscience偽科學(xué)8.cosmos(universe)宇宙9.cosmology宇宙學(xué)10.infinite無(wú)限的11.cosmic宇宙的12.cosmicradiation宇宙輻射13.cosmicrays宇宙射線14.celestial天的15.celestialbody(heavenlybody)天體16.celestialmap(skyatlas)天體圖17.celestialsphere天球18.dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星19.quasar類星體，類星射電源20.constellation星座21.galaxy(milkyway)新河系22.cluster星團(tuán)23.solarsystem太陽(yáng)系24.solarcorona日冕25.solareclipse日食26.solarradiation太陽(yáng)輻射27.planet行星28.planetoid(asteroid)小行星29.revolve旋轉(zhuǎn)，繞轉(zhuǎn)30.twinkle閃爍31.nakedeye肉眼32.mercury水星33.venus金星34.earth地球35.mars火星36.jupiter木星37.SATurn土星38.uranus天王星39.neptu