人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)含答案

單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS全卷滿分150分考試用時(shí)120分鐘第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.2.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Patient.B.Sorry.C.Annoyed.3.Whatisthemanbuying?A.Achair.B.Aladder.C.Abookcase.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretoapplyforjobs.B.Howtodealwithstress.C.Whentogoshopping.5.Whywasthewoman'screditcardcanceled?A.Shehadapoorincome.B.Shegotintoheavydebt.C.Shemadelatepayments.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewoman?A.Acustomer.B.Asalesperson.C.Astoremanager.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Makeacomplaint.B.Letgoofheranger.C.Callthepolice.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Fixatime.B.Dropheroffontheway.C.Takeherdresstothecleaner's.9.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.10.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSunday?A.Buytickets.B.Watchthefootballgame.C.Attendtheweddingceremony.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WhydoesthewomanchoosetostayintheUK?A.Itprovidesopportunities.B.Herparentswanthertostay.C.Shedoesn'tlikeherhomecountry.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotoaresearchcenter.B.Studyintheoffice.C.Askforadvice.13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirparents.B.Acareerplan.C.Workingexperience.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthiscompetitionabout?A.Savingenergyathome.B.Reducingnoisepollution.C.Usingtechnologycreatively.15.Whatisthestoneusedfor?A.Startingthemachine.B.Increasingairpressure.C.Producingcarbondioxide.16.Whatistheliquidcomingfromcarbondioxideinthedishwasherdesignedtodo?A.Cleanthedishes.B.Startthemachine.C.Givepressuretothestone.17.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Todiscussthewayofwritingapaper.B.Tofindtherightmaterialforamodel.C.Tostudytheapproachtodetaileddrawings.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.WhendidManfredSteinergainhismedicaldegree?A.In1951.B.In1955.C.In2000.19.WhatdidSteiner'sprofessorthinkofhim?A.Determined.B.Generous.C.Stubborn.20.WhatisSteiner'splanforhisfuture?A.Topublishhisstory.B.Toofferadviceonsuccess.C.TohelptheprofessorsinBrown.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASmartKidsFestivalEvents“SmartKids”isacollectionofonehundredeventsscheduledinOctober.Thisyear,itisexperimentingwithPayWhatYouDecide(PWYD).Thatis,youcandecidetopayforwhatyouwantorcanafford,afteryouhaveattendedanevent.Youcanpre-bookeventswithoutpayingforaticketinadvance.Herearesomeofthedirector'spicks.WalkontheWildSideNotticketed,FreeJoinstorytellerSarahLawtohearsciencestoriesaboutanimals.Alongthewayyou'llmeetallsortsofbeautifulcreaturesanddiscoverlifecyclesandfoodchains.It'sbestsuitedtochildrenaged5-9.Childrenunder8mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.IntroductiontoWavesPre-book,PWYDSubjectsrangefromsoundwavestogravitywaves,andfromwavesoflighttocrashingwavesontheocean.MikeGoldsmithexploresthefundamentalfeaturessharedbyallwavesinthenaturalworld.ScienceintheFieldNotticketed,FreeThisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.Comealongforinspiringandinformativestoriesstraightfromthescientist'smouth.JoinMarkSamuelstofindoutmoreinthisfun-filledworkshop.FestivalDinnerPre-book,￡25perpersonWhetheryouwanttoexploremoreaboutfood,orjustfancyatalkoverameal,joinustomarkthefirstsciencefestivalinLondon.Whichfoodshouldyoueattotrickyourbrainintothinkingthatyouarefull?FindoutmorefromTomCrawford.21.Inwhicheventcanyoudecidethepayment?A.FestivalDinner.B.WalkontheWildSide.C.ScienceintheField.D.IntroductiontoWaves.22.Whowilltalkaboutexperiencesofcollectingdirectdata?A.SarahLaw.B.MikeGoldsmith.C.MarkSamuels.D.TomCrawford.23.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theyareallfamily-based.B.Theyareallscience-themed.C.Theyareallpickedbychildren.D.Theyareallfilledwithadventures.BAdaLovelacewasbornonDecember10th1815.Ada'smotherandfather(thefamouspoetLordGeorgeGordonByron)partedjustweeksaftershewasborn.Hermotherfearedhertogrowupwithherfather'schangeablenature.Tostopthisfromhappening,Adawasforcedbyhermothertolearnscienceandmathematics,whichwasunusualforwomenatthetime.Shewasalsopunishedifherworkwasnotuptostandard.However,shewasgreatlyinterestedinmathematicsandscienceandwouldperhapshavelearnedaboutthemonherown.Adawaspartiallydisabledandasaresultspentmuchtimestudying.Adaknewofhermother'sthoughtaboutkeepingthecreativesideofherfromgerminating(萌芽).However,asAdaherselfisknowntohavesaid,“Ifyoucan'tgivemepoetry,can'tyougivemepoeticalscience?”Adagotmarriedat19,toWilliamKingwhowasmadetheEarlofLovelacein1838,atwhichpointshebecameLadyAdaKing,theCountessofLovelace,butwasknownasAdaLovelace.AdaandKinghadarelativelyhappymarriage,withKingevenencouraginghiswife'sloveofnumbers.

Duringheryouth,AdawasintroducedtotheScot,MarySomerville,whowasknownasthe“Queenof19thCenturyScience”andwasthefirstwomantobeacceptedintotheRoyalAstronomicalSociety.ItwasthroughMarySomervillethatAdafirstheardofCharlesBabbage'sideaforanewcalculating(計(jì)算)engine.Attractedbythisidea,Adabeganaperiodofletter-writingwithhimthatwouldcometodecideherprofessionallife.AdametBabbagewhenshewasaround17andthetwobecameclosefriends.Babbagewasworkingonan“AnalyticalEngine”,somethinghewasdesigningtodealwithcomplexcalculations.Adawaslateraskedtotranslateanarticle.Shenotonlytranslatedthearticlebutaddedpagesandpagesofnotes,calculationsandinnovations(新事物).Hernoteswerepublishedin1843anditturnedoutthatwhatshehadwrittenwassooriginal.Itisnowseenasthefirstcomprehensivecommentonwhatwouldbecomemodern-daycomputerprogramming.Althoughimpressive,Adawasnotactuallygivencreditforthearticleuntil1848.24.WhathappenedtoAdainherchildhood?A.Shewaspushedtolearnscientificknowledge.B.Shehadtocompareherselfwithotherwomen.C.Shegaveuplearningbecauseofherfather.D.Shewasgreatlycaredforbyherfather.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A.Adathoughtpoetrywasboring.B.Adabelievedpoetrywasharderthanscience.C.Adathoughtsciencewascreative.D.Adawasinterestedinbothscienceandpoetry.26.WhatdecidedAda'sprofessionallife?A.ThesupportoftheRoyalAstronomicalSociety.B.HercommunicationwithBabbage.C.Herhusband'sencouragement.D.Somerville'ssuggestions.27.WhatdidAdadoaftershemetBabbage?A.Shetaughtpeoplehowtoprogram.B.Sheinventedan“AnalyticalEngine”.C.ShepraisedBabbage'sachievements.D.Shetranslatedanarticleanddevelopedit.CBookingyournextvacationtospacecouldsoonbeareality.OrbitalAssemblyCorporationannouncedtwonewstationconceptsdesignedwithspacetourismaccommodations.Oneofthestations,calledPioneer,couldorbitEarthasearlyas2025.TheGatewayFoundationcirculatedideasforaspacehotelin2019.Thegoalofthestationsistorunaspacebusinessparkthatcanserveasahomeawayfromhomewithroomforofficesandtourists.OrbitalAssemblywasfoundedbytheGatewayFoundationteamasawaytohelpmakethesedreamscometrue.TheproposedPioneerStationcanaccommodate28people.Thesecondstation,Voyager,scheduledtoopenin2027,canholdupto400people.“Thegoalhasalwaysbeentomakeitpossibleforlargenumbersofpeopletolive,workandthriveinspace,”saysOrbitalAssembly'sCOOTimAlatorre.Bothstationslooklikeawheelandwillfeatureartificialgravitythatallowsgueststomovecomfortablyoneachstation.Pioneerfeaturesfivemodulesbuiltaroundtherotating“GravityRing”architecturedesign.Touristsmaystillfeelsomeweightlessnessbutwillalsobeabletodrinkoutofacupandwon'thavetobetiedtoabedtosleep.“Thegravityworkslikehowaspinningbucketpushesthewaterouttothesidesofthebucketandstaysinplace,”Alatorreexplains.Nearthemiddleofthestation,therewillbenoartificialgravity,butgravitygraduallyincreasesfurtherawayfromthecenter.WhilethePioneerStationwillbesmallerthanVoyager,guestscanstillshower,eatanddrinksittingdowninareaswithgravity.EachstationisfurnishedlikeluxuryhotelsonEarth.VoyagerwillfeaturearestaurantandsuiteswithviewsofEarth.Asignificantbarriertospacetravelisthecost.However,OrbitalAssemblyexpectstouriststoseekatrekintospaceasspacetraveleventuallybecomeslessexpensive.“WeenvisionourPioneerandVoyagerspacestationsastheultimateecotourismdestinations.Oncepeoplegettospace,itwillchangetheirperspectiveonEarth,”Alatorresays.“Spacetravelisstillatitsearlystage,andwe'reexcitedtodoourparttopushitforwardtohelpimprovelifeonEarth.”28.WhatisthegoalofthePioneerandVoyagerspacestations?A.Torevolutionizespacetravel.B.Toserveasluxuryhotelsinspace.C.Toofferauniqueandimmersiveexperience.D.Toenablethelargescaleoflivingandworkinginspace.29.WhatdothePioneerandVoyagerspacestationshaveincommon?A.Artificialgravity.B.Suiteswithviews.C.Openingtime.D.Passengercapacity.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.The“GravityRing”rotatesaroundthestation.B.Thegravityisweakinthecentralpointofthestation.C.Thegravityoperateslikeaspinningbucketkeepingwaterinside.D.The“GravityRing”onPioneeristhesameasthatonVoyager.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NoGravityTravel:PioneerandVoyagerStationsB.SpaceHotelsforHumans:PioneerandVoyagerStationsC.OvercomingtheBarrier:PioneerandVoyagerStationsD.LuxuryTravelDestinations:PioneerandVoyagerStationsDOuterspaceisgettingspicier(更辛辣的),thankstoanewNASAplantoaddalittlemoreflavortoastronauts'diets.AstronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)aregrowingredandgreenchilipeppers(辣椒)fortheveryfirsttime.AteamofresearchersattheKennedySpaceCenterplanted48seedsinadevicecalledasciencecarrier,whichhasclayforrootstogrowinandaspeciallyformulatedcontrolled-releasefertilizer.ThedeviceisfittedintotheAdvancedPlantHabitat(APH),oneofthreeplantgrowthroomsaboard.“TheAPHisthelargestplantgrowthfacilityonthespacestationandhas180sensorsandcontrolsformonitoringplantgrowthandtheenvironment,”saidprojectmanagerNicoleDufour.“Itisadiversegrowthroom,anditallowsustohelpcontroltheexperimentfromKennedy,reducingthetimeastronautsspendtendingtothecrops.”Thepepperswillspendaboutfourmonthsgrowingbeforetheycanbeharvestedandeaten,markingthefirsttimeastronautshaveplantedpeppersonthestationfromseedstomaturity.“Itisoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsonthestationtodatebecauseofthelonggerminationandgrowingtime,”saidMattRomeyn.“Wehavepreviouslytestedfloweringtoincreasethechanceofasuccessfulharvestbecauseastronautswillhavetopollinate(給……授粉)thepepperstobearfruit.”ResearcherswillmonitorthegrowthofthepeppersandcomparethemwithacontrolgrouponEarth.“Thechallengeistheabilitytofeedcrewsinlow-Earthorbit,andthentosustainexplorersduringfuturemissionsbeyondlow-EarthorbittodestinationsincludingtheMoonandeventuallytoMars,”Romeynsaid.“Wearelimitedtocropsthatdon'tneedstorage,orextensiveprocessing.”“Thisisimportantbecausethefoodastronautseatneedstobeasgoodastherestoftheequipment.TosuccessfullysendpeopletoMarsandbringthembacktoEarth,wewillnotonlyrequirethemostnutritiousfoods,butthebest-tastingonesaswell,”saidteamleaderLaShelleSpencer.32.Howdoesthefirstsentencesound?A.Magical.B.Humorous.C.Romantic.D.Scientific.33.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecropsintheAPHistrueaccordingtoNicole?A.Theyaremonitoredbyphones.B.Theydon'tneedfertilizertogrowwell.C.Theymainlygrowinawatertank.D.TheycanbelookedafterbypeopleonEarth.34.Howwillastronautshelpgrowpeppers?A.Bygettingthepepperspollinated.B.Byrecordingthepeppers'growth.C.Bywateringthepeppersontime.D.Bykeepingthegrowingroomwarm.35.WhydoastronautstrygrowingcropsontheISS?A.TosolvethefoodproblemonEarth.B.Toprepareplants'growthinotherplanets.C.Toenrichastronauts'dietsonfurtherdestinations.D.Tocultivatecropswithnoextensiveprocessing.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtobecomeascientistBecurious.Scientistschoosetobecomescientistsbecausetheyarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthemandhowthethingsinitwork.Thiscuriosityleadsthemtoinvestigatethethingsbehindwhattheysee.36Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.Thereareveryfewcareersthattakelongerthanthisone.Evenwhenyou'redonewithyoureducation,youstillhavetogetresearchunderyourbelt.Ifyou'reaninstant-gratification(即時(shí)滿足的)typeofperson,thismaynotbetherightcareerforyou.

Bediligentandpersevere.It'sbeensaidthatjobsinsciencearethelowestpaidintheUS.Whatthisisgettingatisthatbecauseofthelongpathtosuccess,forawhileyouwon'tbelivinglavishly(奢侈地).37

Havetheneedtoalwayskeeplearning.38Whetherit'sreadingpeer-reviewedjournals,attendingseminars,orworkingtowardgettingyourworkpublished,you'llalwaysbelearning.39Inthoseyearsofwaitingforresults,youneedtoconstantlybelookingforthesmallestchangesinwhatyouexpecttosee.Youreyesneedtobefocusedandreadyatalltimes.

Thinkdifferently.ThinkbacktoNewton'sapplefallingonhisheadorArchimedes'jumpingintohistubanddisplacingwater.Mostpeoplewouldthinknothingoftheseevents,butthesemensawsomethingelse,somethingnooneelsewasseeingatthetime.40

A.Observationskillsarealsonecessary.B.Bepatientwithclimbingthecareerladder.C.Thingsaregoingtobetoughforawhile.D.Thenyou'reprobablymadeoftherightstuff.E.Asthesayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”F.Actuallywhateveryscientistdoesisseekoutknowledge.G.Tomakeprogressinhumanknowledge,youhavetothinkdifferently.36.37.38.39.40.

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Careersinsciencearegenerallybelievedtobetoocomplexforstudentswhoaren'ttalentedorcleverenough,butScottKelly,commanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation,wouldproveit'swrong.Asakid,hewasabsent-mindedand41inscienceandallothersubjectsaswell.Hecouldn't42whattheteacherssaidinclass.Therefore,heearnedterriblegradesand43graduatedfromhighschool,andheeventhoughthewouldnever44hisdreams.

Thatall45whenhepickedupthefilmTheRightStuff,TomWolfe'sclassicaccountofthepioneeringAmericanswhofirstexploredspace.46,hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut,whichmeantdoingwellin47class.Sofromthatdayon,he48hismindtodowellinit.

Aftersomanyyearsofdaydreaming,itwouldn'tbe49.Buthestartedregardingstudyasagame.Themorehe50hisstudyskills,thebettergradeshegot.Eventually,itbecamea(n)51withhimselftoseehowgoodhecouldget.Thentheformer52startedgettingstraightA'sinscience,whichis53forthosewhowanttobeanastronaut.

Soweneedtostop54theideathatscienceisjusttoohard.Everyonecanlearnthisstuff—hejustneedstobe55todothework.

41.A.uninterestedB.absorbedC.engagedD.experienced42.A.holdonB.bankonC.lookintoD.focuson43.A.easilyB.nearlyC.barelyD.successfully44.A.abandonB.acknowledgeC.endD.achieve45.A.finishedB.suspendedC.occurredD.changed46.A.InspiredB.DepressedC.SatisfiedD.Shocked47.A.scienceB.architectureC.geographyD.chemistry48.A.putupB.madeupC.passedupD.weighedup49.A.alternativeB.difficultC.easyD.decent50.A.rejectedB.practicedC.arrangedD.exchanged51.A.principleB.agreementC.competitionD.guidance52.A.astronautB.daydreamerC.scientistD.pioneer53.A.essentialB.superiorC.convenientD.worthy54.A.correctingB.abandoningC.emphasisingD.dismissing55.A.ashamedB.availableC.afraidD.willing第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AccordingtoareportbySouthChinaMorningPost,Chinaisplanningtolaunchahyperloop(超級(jí)高鐵),alsoknown56asuper-highspeedpipelinemaglevsystemby2035.Iftheprojectgoesas57(plan),thenewtrainwillbetheworld'sfastestground-basedtransport.

Inthepastfewdays,theChinesegovernmentofficers58(announce)theapprovalofthecountry'sfirsthyperloopline.Its59(long)willbe150kilometers,anditwillpassbetweenShanghaiandHangzhou.Thedistancebetweenthetwocitiescanbecoveredinaboutthreehoursbycaroranhourbyhigh-speedtrain.Butthehyperloopcanreachthespeedof1000km/h,60meanstheroutecanbecompletedinjust15minutes.

TheprojectwillmakeChinaoneofthepioneersinhyperlooptechnology,61(allow)fastertravelbetweenseveralmajorcities.Thehyperloopprovides62high-securitylevelwithlowenergyconsumption.Thetechnologywill63(far)advanceChina'spositionasaleaderintransport.

Asuper-fasthyperlooptraininChinahascompleted64(it)firsttestruns.TheseconsistedofthreetestrunsatasuperconductingmaglevtestlineinDatong,ShanxiProvince.However,thecurrenttubeavailablefortrialsmeasuresonly2kmlong.It65(expect)tobeextendedto60kminthenearfuture.

56.57.58.59.60.

61.62.63.64.65.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你的英國(guó)筆友Peter聽說(shuō),在中國(guó),現(xiàn)在人工智能已經(jīng)進(jìn)入人們的日常生活,其中包括旅游業(yè)。他來(lái)信詢問(wèn)你國(guó)慶假期是否有這方面的體驗(yàn),請(qǐng)用英文給他回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.購(gòu)買門票可直接手機(jī)支付;2.面部識(shí)別入景區(qū);3.邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)體驗(yàn)。注意:寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右。參考詞匯:面部識(shí)別facialrecognition

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。“Cut,cut,cut!”Ishouted.Butthatdidn'tstopChewyfromchasingafterthesquirrels(追逐松鼠)thathadcaughthiseyehalfwaythroughtheshot.“You'resupposedtoberunningafterthethief,notsquirrels!”Isaid.ButChewydidn'tcare.Hehadalreadymovedontochewinghisleash(皮帶).WhatkindofHollywooddogwearsaleash?ItwasDad'srule,though.BecauseChewywasonlyalittledog,Ihadtokeephimontheleashwheneverwefilmedoutside.AslongasIfollowedthatrule,IcoulduseDad'soldcellphonetoshootmymovie.“Let'strythisagain,”Isaid.Thistime,Chewyrantheentirelengthofthebackyard.Withtheleashon,though,hedidn'texactlyappeartobeinanyrealhurrytocatchanyone.Theonlywaytomakethislookrealwouldbetotakeofftheleash.ButthatwouldmeanbreakingthepromiseImadetoDad.Ontheotherhand,ifImovedquicklyandwascarefulwithmycameraangles,wouldDadeverknowaboutit?Aftertakingofftheleash,IputChewydown,readytorecord.ButbeforeIcouldshout“Action!”,ChewyranacrosstheyardanddownthedrivewayandjumpedincirclesaroundMrs.Yang,ournext-doorneighbor.“YoumustsmellthedogbiscuitsIjustboughtforyou,”shesaidtohim.That'swhenChewynoticedherbag.Asifitwereoneofhistoys,hegrabbeditwithhismouthandpulled.Mrs.Yang'sthingsdroppedonthesidewalk.IwantedtoapologizeandhelpMrs.Yangpickupherthings.ButthenIrememberedsomething.IfDadfoundoutthatIhadtakenChewy'sleashoff,Iwouldn'tbeabletousehiscellphoneanymore.Inapanic,ItookChewyandraninsidethehouse.WhenDadarrivedhomethatevening,Ihandedhimhiscellphone.“Didyoufinishshootingyourmoviealready?”heasked.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。Ishookmyheadandtoldhimeverythingthathadhappened.

“Apologyaccepted,”saidMrs.Yang.

答案全解全析1.B2.C3.B4.A5.C6.B7.B8.C9.A10.C11.A12.C13.B14.C15.A16.A17.B18.B19.A20.C21.D22.C23.B24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.C36.B37.C38.F39.A40.G41.A42.D43.C44.D45.D46.A47.A48.B49.C50.B51.C52.B53.A54.C55.D56.as57.planned58.haveannounced59.length60.which61.allowing62.a63.further64.its65.isexpected第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)A◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四項(xiàng)以科學(xué)為主題的活動(dòng)以及各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容和特色。21.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“itisexperimentingwith...(PWYD)...canafford”可知,PWYD指你可以決定為你想要的或能買得起的東西付錢,而四項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的介紹中只有IntroductiontoWaves有PWYD。故選D。22.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ScienceintheField部分中的“ascientist...gatheringfirst-handdataon...”和“JoinMarkSamuelstofindout...”可知,MarkSamuels會(huì)談?wù)撌占皇謹(jǐn)?shù)據(jù)的經(jīng)歷。故選C。23.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)WalkontheWildSide部分中的“hearsciencestories”、IntroductiontoWaves部分中的“Subjectsrangefrom...tocrashingwavesontheocean.”、ScienceintheField部分中的“ascientistsharing...first-handdata”和FestivalDinner部分中的“markthefirstsciencefestival”可知,四項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的共同點(diǎn)是它們都以科學(xué)為主題。故選B。B◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文,主要敘述了AdaLovelace的事跡,展現(xiàn)了她對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)知識(shí)的熱愛。24.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...Adawasforcedbyhermothertolearnscienceandmathematics,whichwasunusualforwomenatthetime.Shewasalsopunishedifherworkwasnotuptostandard.”可知,Ada小時(shí)候,她的母親強(qiáng)迫她學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)知識(shí)。故選A。25.C句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容和第二段中的“keepingthecreativesideofherfromgerminating”可知,母親不愿Ada繼承父親多變的特質(zhì),所以強(qiáng)迫她學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)知識(shí),讓她的創(chuàng)造力無(wú)法萌發(fā),但Ada對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)很感興趣。畫線句將poetry和science進(jìn)行比較,說(shuō)明她認(rèn)為科學(xué)如詩(shī)歌般具有創(chuàng)造性。故選C。26.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Attractedbythisidea,Adabeganaperiodofletter-writingwithhimthatwouldcometodecideherprofessionallife.”可知,Ada與CharlesBabbage針對(duì)科學(xué)知識(shí)展開的交流決定了她以后的職業(yè)生涯。故選B。27.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Shenotonlytranslatedthearticlebutaddedpagesandpagesofnotes,calculationsandinnovations.”可知,她翻譯了一篇文章并添加了很多注釋。故選D。C◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了先鋒站和旅行者站兩個(gè)空間站的建設(shè)和運(yùn)行情況,未來(lái)人們有望去太空度假。28.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thegoalofthestationsistorunaspacebusinessparkthatcanserveasahomeawayfromhomewithroomforofficesandtourists.”和第三段中的“Thegoalhasalwaysbeentomakeitpossibleforlargenumbersofpeopletolive,workandthriveinspace”可知,這兩個(gè)空間站的目標(biāo)是使在太空中的大規(guī)模生活和工作成為可能。故選D。29.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Bothstationslooklikeawheelandwillfeatureartificialgravitythatallowsgueststomovecomfortablyoneachstation.”可知,這兩個(gè)空間站的共同之處在于都采用了人工重力。故選A。30.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thegravityworkslikehowaspinningbucketpushesthewaterouttothesidesofthebucketandstaysinplace”可知,重力的動(dòng)作方式類似于旋轉(zhuǎn)桶,桶旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)將其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故選C。31.B主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是根據(jù)第一段中的“Oneofthestations,calledPioneer,couldorbitEarthasearlyas2025.”和第三段中的“Thesecondstation,Voyager,scheduledtoopenin2027,canholdupto400people.”可知,文章主要介紹了兩個(gè)可以為太空游客提供食宿的空間站——先鋒站和旅行者站的建設(shè)和運(yùn)行情況。因此,B項(xiàng)“SpaceHotelsforHumans:PioneerandVoyagerStations”符合文章主旨。故選B。D◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了國(guó)際空間站上的宇航員首次種植了辣椒。32.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局計(jì)劃為宇航員的飲食增加更多的味道,宇航員因此在國(guó)際空間站上種植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正變得更加辛辣”是對(duì)此事的一個(gè)幽默詼諧的說(shuō)法。故選B。33.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“itallowsustohelpcontroltheexperimentfromKennedy”可知,在APH中生長(zhǎng)的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故選D。34.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“astronautswillhavetopollinatethepepperstobearfruit”可知,宇航員通過(guò)給辣椒授粉來(lái)幫助種植辣椒。故選A。35.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TosuccessfullysendpeopletoMarsandbringthembacktoEarth,wewillnotonlyrequirethemostnutritiousfoods,butthebest-tastingonesaswell”可推測(cè),宇航員在國(guó)際空間站上試驗(yàn)種植作物是為了在更遠(yuǎn)的目的地享用有營(yíng)養(yǎng)且味道最好的食物。故選C。第二節(jié)◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要從幾個(gè)方面介紹了如何成為一名科學(xué)家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奮且持之以恒、不斷學(xué)習(xí)和從不同角度思考。36.B根據(jù)后句“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.”可知,成為科學(xué)家需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,所以B項(xiàng)“Bepatientwithclimbingthecareerladder.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。37.C根據(jù)前句“Whatthisisgettingatisthatbecauseofthelongpathtosuccess,forawhileyouwon'tbelivinglavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能會(huì)很艱難,所以C項(xiàng)“Thingsaregoingtobetoughforawhile.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。38.F根據(jù)前句“Havetheneedtoalwayskeeplearning.”和后句“Whetherit'sreadingpeer-reviewedjournals,attendingseminars,orworkingtowardgettingyourworkpublished,you'llalwaysbelearning.”可知,科學(xué)家不斷地在學(xué)習(xí),也就是在尋求知識(shí),所以F項(xiàng)“Actuallywhateveryscientistdoesisseekoutknowledge.”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。39.A根據(jù)后文“Youreyesneedtobefocusedandreadyatalltimes.”可知,成為科學(xué)家需要有觀察能力,所以A項(xiàng)“Observationskillsarealsonecessary.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。40.G根據(jù)本段主旨句“Thinkdifferently.”可知,本段主要是介紹成為科學(xué)家的條件之一就是從不同角度思考問(wèn)題,所以G項(xiàng)“Tomakeprogressinhumanknowledge,youhavetothinkdifferently.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文,講述了ScottKelly從一個(gè)成天做白日夢(mèng)的差等生,到下定決心成為一名宇航員,努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)并實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的故事。41.A根據(jù)空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,對(duì)科學(xué)和其他所有科目都不感興趣。故選A。42.D根據(jù)下文的“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知,因?yàn)檎n上不能集中注意力聽老師講課,所以他成績(jī)?cè)愀狻９蔬xD。43.C根據(jù)上文的“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知,他成績(jī)差,所以勉強(qiáng)能從高中畢業(yè)。故選C。44.D根據(jù)空后的“hisdreams”和上文描述可知,他成績(jī)差,所以他甚至認(rèn)為自己永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。故選D。45.D根據(jù)下文的“whenhepickedupthefilmTheRightStuff”和“hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut”可知,這部電影對(duì)他影響很大,他想要成為一名宇航員,所以是一切都發(fā)生了改變。故選D。46.A上句提到《太空英雄》這部電影,下文提到他決心成為一名宇航員,應(yīng)是受到了電影的啟發(fā)。故選A。47.A要想成為一名宇航員,應(yīng)該是在科學(xué)課上表現(xiàn)出色,下文的“straightA'sinscience”也是提示。故選A。48.B為了成為一名宇航員,他下定決心學(xué)好科學(xué)。故選B。49.C根據(jù)