樂知考研收錄英語閱讀真題

樂知考研整理的英語一閱讀真題

16年考研英語一

ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：ReadthefollowingfourtextsoAnswerthequestionsaftereachtextby

choosingA,B,CorDoMarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETlo(40points)

Textl

France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecidedits

fashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomenoIts

lawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrime

toemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways□Theparliamentalsoagreedtoban

websitesthaf'inciteexcessivethinness^bypromotingextremedietingo

SuchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotivesoTheysuggestbeautyshouldnot

bedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth□That'sastartoAndtheban

onultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarving

themselvestodeath-assomehavedone。Ittellsthefashionindustrythat

itmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,

aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth0

Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thatthey

shouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty□Andperhapsfaintly,theyhint

thatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthan

dietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiqueso

TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangea

culturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showingoUnderthelaw,

usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymass

couldresultina$85,OOOfineandsixmonthsinprison。

Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterial

adornmentandidealizedbodytypes0InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafew

othercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion

imagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcemento

IncontrasttoFrance'sactions,Denmark'sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthon

rulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsof

modelsoThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates："Weare

awareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbody

ideals,especiallyonyoungpeople"。Thecharter'smaintoolofenforcementisto

denyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek

(CFW),whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstituteoButingeneralitreliesona

name-and-shamemethodofcompliance。

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyideals

maybethebeststep。Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeauty

beyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry。

21oAccordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefinedo

[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed0

[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthriveo

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline。

22oThephrase'lmpingingon^(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]heighteningthevalueof

[B]indicatingthestateof

[C]losingfaithin

[D]doingharmto

23oWhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?

[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailedo

[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmarko

[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure□

[D]ltsinherentproblemsaregettingworseo

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodel'scharacter。

[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

[D]settingahighagethresholdformodelso

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'sBodyIdeals

[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

21答案A

22答案D

23答案B

24答案C

25答案D

Text2

ForthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountryoInBritain

thishashadacuriousresultoWhilepollsshowBritonsrate^the

countryside^alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealth

Serivce(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimited

politicalsupporto

AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhouses

buttosavez/thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever"。Itwasspecificallyto

providecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperienced

refreshingair。"Hill'spressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparksandgreen

beltsoTheydon'tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumes

moreofitoItneedsconstantguardianship。

Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentimento

Theconservatives'planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityover

conservation,evenauthorising^off-plan^buildingwherelocalpeoplemight

objectoTheconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable0

Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsoppose

developmentoTheLiberalDemocratsaresilentoOnlyUkip,sensingitschance,

hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenlando

ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservative

partieso

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,

incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace。TheLondonagentsStirling

AckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonarea

alone,withnointrusionongreenbeltoWhatistrueofLondoniseventruerofthe

provinceso

Theideathat'housingcrisis^equals^concretedmeadows^ispurelobbytaikoThe

issueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem。Under

lobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovation

andrenewaLHefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreetSoThisis

notafreemarketbutabiasedone。Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwill

alwaysgrow0Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheir

characteroWedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbe

planned,notletrip。AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope'smostcrowed

countryoHalfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainan

enviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanlivingoThereis

nodoubtofthealternativethecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,Spain

orIrelandoAvoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightof

thepoliticalspectrumo

26oBritain'spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

[A]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS。

[B]didn?tstarttilltheShakespeareanage。

[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily0

[D]isnotwellreflectedinpoliticso

27oAccordingtoParagraph?,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenow

being

[A]graduallydestroyedo

[B]effectivelyreinforcedo

[C]properlyprotectedo

[D]largelyovershadowedo

28owhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraphs?

[A]Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservationo

[B]theConservativesmayabandonz,off-planz/buildingo

[C]theLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence。

[D]labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopmento

29otheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne'spreference

[A]revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareaso

[B]showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareaso

[C]stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisiso

[D]highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressureo

30oInthelastparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof

[A]thesizeofpopulationinBritain。

[BtheenviableurbanlifestyleinBritaino

[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginBritain0

[D]thepoliticallifeintodayisBritain。

26答案D

27答案D

28答案A

29答案B

30答案C

TEXT3

"Thereisonandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusiness,“wroteMilton

Friedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,“Thatis,touseitsresourcesand

engageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofitso"Butevenifyouaccept

Friedman'spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasa

wasteofshareholders'money,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cutoNew

researchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleastwhen

theyareprosecutedforcorruptiono

ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayear

onCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm。Thiscouldaddvalue

totheirbusinessesinthreewaysoFirst,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingas

a〃signal〃thatacompany'sproductsareofhighquality。Second,customersmaybe

willingtobuyacompany'sproductsasanindirectwaytodonatetothe

goodcausesithelpsoAndthird,throughamorediffuse^haloeffect,"wherebyits

gooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandotherso

PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseco

nsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree。Alrecentstudyattemptstoseparatethemby

lookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica'

sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA)。Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotco

nsumeacompany/

sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehalo

effecto

Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostcomprehensi

veCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties,。Theiranalysisruled

outthepossibilitythatitwasfirm'spoliticalinfluence,ratherthantheir

CSRstand，thataccountedfortheleniency：Companiesthatcontributedmoreto

politicalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfineso

Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacaseb

asedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany7

srecordinCSRO〃Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsc

oncern,suchaschildlabour,orincreasingcorporategivingbyabout20%resultsin

finesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbribingforeign

officials”,saysoneresearcher。

Researchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbus

inessesoughttospendonCSR。Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebank

ingonthehaloeffect,ratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydecidet

heirdo-goodingpolicieSoButatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompani

esgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemlesscos

tlypunishmento

31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman'sstatementaboutCSRwith

[A]toleranceo

[B]skepticismo

?uncertainty。

[D]approvalo

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby

[A]winningtrustfromconsumerso

[B]guardingitagainstmalpracticeso

[C]protectingitfrombeingdefamedo

[D]raisingthequalityofitsproducts0

33oTheexpressionz/morelenienf'(Iine2,para.4)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]moreeffective

[B]lesscontroversial

[C]lesssevere

[D]morelasting

34oWhenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompany'sCSRregard

[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision

[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence

[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized

[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation

35.WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSR,accordingtothelastparagraph?

[A]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlookedo

[B]Thenecessaryamountofcompanies'spendingonitisunknown。

[CJCompanies'financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimatedo

[D]lthasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry。

31答案B

32答案A。

33答案C

34答案A

35答案B

Text4

TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstories

onnewsprintoExactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate?！盨ometimein

thefuture'sthepaper'spublishersaidbackin2010o

Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there'splentyofincentive

toditchprintoTheinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper—printing

presses,deliverytrucks—isn'tjustexpensive；it'sexcessiveatatimewhen

online-onlycompetitorsdon'thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraintSoReaders

aremigratingawayfromprintaway。Andthoughprintad

salesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstill

decliningo

Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprint

editionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJoahPerettio

PerettisaystheTimesshouldn'twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,but

onlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway。"Fightingoutawaytoacceleratethat

transitionwouldmakesenseofthem,"hesaid,/zbutifyoudiscontinueit,you're

goingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyouo”

Sometimesthat'sworthmakingachangeanyway。Perettigivestheexampleseen

asablunder,“hesaid。ThemoveturnedouttobeforesightedoAndifPeretti

wouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproducto〃

Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,

andthey'dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelieve

in。“Soifyou'reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwere

helping,“Perettisaido“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentially

trytogenerateadditionalrevenueo“Inotherwords,ifyou'regoingtomakea

printproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit。Whichway

bewhattheTimesisdoingalready。Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweek

costs$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscriptiono

"It'sareallyhardthingtodoandit'satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn't

havealegacybusiness,"Perettiremarkedo“Butwe'regoingtohavequestionslike

thatwherewehavethingswe'redoingthatdon'tmakesensewhenthemarket

changesandtheworldchangesoInthosesituations,it'sbettertobemore

aggressivethanlessaggressive0"

36.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingitsprinteditionpartlydueto

[A]thepressurefromitsinvestorso

[B]thecomplaintsfromitsreaders0

[C]thehighcostofoperationo

[D]theincreasingonlineadsaleso

37oPerettisuggeststhat,infaceofthepresentsituation,theTimesshould

[A]makestrategicadjustments

[B]endtheprinteditionforgoodo

[C]seeknewsourcesofreadership。

[D]aimforefficientmanagemento

38oItcanbeinferredformParagraphs5and6thata'legacyproduct”

[A]willhavethecostofprintingreducedo

[B]ismeantforthemostloyalcustomerso

[C]helpsrestorethegloryofformertimeso

[D]expandsthepopularityofthepaper。

39oPerettibelievesthat,inachangingworld,

[A]traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffectedo

[B]aggressivenessbettermeetschallengeso

[C]cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solvingo

[D]legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdatedo

40oWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

[A]MakeYourPrintNewspaperaLuxuryGoodo

[B]KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion。

[C]CherishtheNewspaperStillinYourHando

[D]ShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllatOnce。

36答案C

37答案A

38答案B

39答案B

40答案A

17年考研英語

ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,

B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesare

recommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.

airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnfor

increasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedowned

overtheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.But

demandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturn

underminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:Wastedtimeisadragon

Americans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheck

thatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—

pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressince

then,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoil

prices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'Hare

International.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome

—butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreasein

airlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partofthe

issueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactor

maybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoid

checked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsor

rushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposed

tobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheck

areeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocuson

travelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll

25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:

Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Since

thebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmight

bringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingso

directly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhile

mostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomake

theprogramwork.

21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]explainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airports.

[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

23.Theword"expedited"(Liner4,Para.5)isclosetinmeaningto

[A]quieter.

[B]cheaper.

[C]wider.

[D]faster.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]thegovernmentsreluctancetobackit.

[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

答案：21?25ACDDC

Text2

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers/'wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slast

reigningmonarch,in1897.Starwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembers

ofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.Protests

haveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiant

observatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshiped

bysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.

ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.

RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet's

denseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesof

unsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.Asmallbutvocalgroupof

Hawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectfar

sacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereign

nation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagerness

tobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayof

understandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMauna

Kea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands'inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureis

notarelicofthepast；itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnof

civilization.Thesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbrought

earlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexplorethe

heavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuture

developmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiiancultureboth

seektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewe

aregoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimal

callingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.

TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandand

toavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.Tolimitthenumberoftelescopes

onMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsites

returnedtoanaturalstate.Thereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomed

onMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A]herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinhertime.

27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

[A]itsgeographicalfeatures.

[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

[C]itsreligiousimplications.

[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause

[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomy

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.

[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians'hostility.

30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A]severecriticism.

[B]passiveacceptance.

[C]slighthesitancy.

[D]fullapproval.

答案：26-30BABCD

Text3

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures''everythingexceptthat

whichmakeslifeworthwhile/'WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,and

GDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhat

hewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfa

century.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonot

matterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeen

theenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowth

figures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevotefor

Brexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomic

prospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-being

shedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisone

ofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedinto

meaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40

differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhave

beenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberof

consistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008

globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,major

economieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.Some

relativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasures

includingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthe

solemeasureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommon

methodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolonger

enough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityor

educationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoa

declineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.But

policymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimply

worryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevensee

progress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe

[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.

[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.

[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that

[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

[B]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

[C]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.

33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

[A]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.

[B]ltissponsoredby163countries.

[C]ltscriteriaarequestionable.

[D]ltsresultsareenlightening.

34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat

[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebestforthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKlesson

[B]GDPfigures,aWindowon