2017年6月大學(xué)英語六級真題(卷一)

2017年6月大學(xué)英語六級真題試卷一

PartIWriting(30minutes)

(請于正式開考后半小時內(nèi)完成該部分，之后將進(jìn)行聽力考試)

Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertomajorinscienceorhumanitiesat

college,writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomore

than200words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,you

willhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear

aquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmark

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet]withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Doingenjoyablework.B)Havingfriendlycolleagues.

C)Earningacompetitivesalary.D)Workingforsupportivebosses.

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2.A)31%.B)20%.C)25%.D)73%.

3.A)Thoseofasmallsize.

B)Thoserunbywomen.

C)Thosethatarewellmanaged.

D)Thosefullofskilledworkers.

4.A)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.

B)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.

C)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.B)Itisanintroductiontomusic.

C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges.D)Itisacollectionofphotos.

6.A)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

B)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

C)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

D)WhenwritingaboutBelgium'scoastalregions.

7.A)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

B)TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

C)TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.

D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

8.A)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

B)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

C)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

D)Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhear

threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

B)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

C)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

D)Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

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10.A)Aperson'snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.

B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.

C)Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes9performance.

D)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

1l.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B)Makealistofdo'sanddon'ts.

C)Picturethemselvessucceeding.

D)Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

12.A)Sheworeadesignerdress.B)Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

C)Shedidnotspeakloudenough.D)Shepresentedmovingpictures.

Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

13.A)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.

B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.

C)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.

D)Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.

14.A)Itfocusedontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.

B)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.

C)Itfocusedontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.

D)Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.

15.A)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.

B)Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.

C)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.

D)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeor

fourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoose

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)fB),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet]withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16tol8arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Observingthechangesinmarketing.

B)Conductingresearchonconsumerbehaviour.

C)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.

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D)Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.

17.A)Itisthecauseofmanystreetriots.B)Itisgettingworseyearbyyear.

C)Itisachiefconcernofparents.D)Itisanactofsocialising.

18.A)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehaviour.

B)Theyresearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.

C)Theyanalysedtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.

D)Theyconductedathoroughresearchonadvertising.

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.

B)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.

C)Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.

D)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.

20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.

B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.

C)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.

D)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.

21.A)Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.B)Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.

C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.D)Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.

22.A)Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.B)Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.

C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.D)Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.

Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Populationexplosion.B)Extinctionofrarespecies.

C)Chronichunger.D)Environmentaldeterioration.

24.A)Theycontributetooverpopulation.B)Abouthalfofthemareunintended.

C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol.D)Themajorityofthemtendtoendhalfway.

25.A)Itisessentialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.

B)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryresearch.

C)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.

D)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates9attention.

PartIHReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

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Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Please

markthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2013,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethat

theirstudentshaveactuallyachievedoneofhighereducation'smostimportantgoals:criticalthinkingskills.

Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshownthatmorethanathirdhadmadeno

—26—gainsinsuchmentalabilitiesduringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Danielsneededto_27—thehighcost

ofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.Afterall,thepercentageofAmericanswhosaya

collegedegreeis"veryimportant"hasfallen_28_inthelast5-6years.

Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessstudents1criticalthinkingskills.Yetlikemanycollegeteachers

aroundtheU.S.,thefacultyremain_29_thattheirworkaseducatorscanbemeasuredbya"learning

—30—"suchasagraduate'sabilitytoinvestigateandreason.However,theprofessorsneednotworryso

much.Theresultsofarecentexperimentshowedthatprofessorscanuse_31—metricstomeasurehow

wellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.

Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly_32—earlier

studies.Theorganizersoftheexperimentconcludedthatfarfewerstudentswereachievingathighlevels

oncriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationorquantitativeliteracy.Andthat

conclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.

Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal_33—forexcellenceinteaching,haveonlybegunto

demonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant,

butemployersare_34—advancedthinkingskillsfromcollegegraduates.Iftheintellectualworthofa

collegedegreecanbe_35—measured,morepeoplewillseekhighereducation-andcomeoutbetter

thinkers.

A)accuratelyB)confirmC)demandingD)doubtfulE)drasticallyF)justifyG)monopolized

H)outcomeI)predominanceJ)presumingK)reputationL)significantM)signify

N)simultaneouslyO)standardized

SectionB

Directions:/??thissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

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Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphis

markedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

ThePriceofOilandthePriceofCarbon

A)Fossilfuelpricesarelikelytostay"lowforlong".Notwithstandingimportantrecentprogressindevelopingrene

wablefuelsources,lowfossilfuelpricescoulddiscouragefurtherinnovationin,andadoptionof,cleanerenergytech

nologies.Theresultwouldbehigheremissionsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.

B)Policymakersshouldnotallowlowenergypricestoderailthecleanenergytransition.Actiontorestoreappropri

atepriceincentives,notablythroughcorrectivecarbonpricing,isurgentlyneededtolowertheriskofirreversiblean

dpotentiallydevastatingeffectsofclimatechange.Thatapproachalsooffersfiscalbenefits.

C)Oilpriceshavedroppedbyover60%sinceJune2014.Acommonlyheldviewintheoilindustryisthat"thebes

tcureforlowoilpricesislowoilprices".Thereasoningbehindthissayingisthatlowoilpricesdiscourageinvestme

ntinnewproductioncapacity,eventuallyshiftingtheoilsupplycurvebackwardandbringingpricesbackupasexist

ingoilfields-whichcanbetappedatrelativelylowmarginalcost-aredepleted.Infact,inlinewithpastexperienc

e,capitalexpenditureintheoilsectorhasdroppedsharplyinmanyproducingcountries,includingtheUnitedState

s.Thedynamicadjustmenttolowoilpricesmay,however,bedifferentthistimearound.

D)Oilpricesareexpectedtoremainlowerforlonger.Theadventofnewtechnologieshasaddedabout4.2millio

nbarrelsperdaytothecrudeoilmarket,contributingtoaglobalover-supply.Inaddition,otherfactorsareputtingdo

wnwardpressureonoilprices:changeinthestrategicbehavioroftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountrie

s,theprojectedincreaseinIranianexports,thescaling-downofglobaldemand(especiallyfromemergingmarket

s),thelong-termdropinpetroleumconsumptionintheUnitedStates,andsomedisplacementofoilbysubstitutes.T

heselikelypersistentforces,likethegrowthofshale(頁巖)oil,pointtoa"lowforlong"scenario.Futuresmarket

s,whichshowonlyamodestrecoveryofpricestoaround$60abarrelby2019,supportthisview.

E)Naturalgasandcoal-alsofossilfuels-havesimilarlyseenpricedeclinesthatlooktobelong-lived.Coalandna

turalgasaremainlyusedforelectricitygeneration,whereasoilisusedmostlytopowertransportation,yettheprice

sofalltheseenergysourcesarelinked.TheNorthAmericanshalegasboomhasresultedinrecordlowpricesther

e.TherecentdiscoveryofthegiantZohrgasfieldofftheEgyptiancoastwilleventuallyhaveimpactonpricinginth

eMediterraneanregionandEurope,andthereissignificantdevelopmentpotentialinmanyotherplaces,notablyAr

gentina.Coalpricesalsoarelow,owingtoover-supplyandthescaling-downofdemand,especiallyfromChina,whi

chbumshalfoftheworld'scoal.

F)Technologicalinnovationshaveunleashedthepowerofrenewablessuchaswind,hydro,solar,andgeotherma

1(地?zé)?.EvenAfricaandtheMiddleEast,hometoeconomiesthatareheavilydependentonfossilfuelexports,hav

eenormouspotentialtodeveloprenewables.Forexample,theUnitedArabEmirateshasendorsedanambitioustarge

ttodraw24%ofitsprimaryenergyconsumptionfromrenewablesourcesby2021.

G)Progressinthedevelopmentofrenewablescouldbefragile,however,iffossilfuelpricesremainlowforlong.R

enewablesaccountforonlyasmallshareofglobalprimaryenergyconsumption,whichisstilldominatedbyfossilfu

els一30%eachforcoalandoil,25%fornaturalgas.Butrenewableenergywillhavetodisplacefossilfuelstoamu

chgreaterextentinthefuturetoavoidunacceptableclimaterisks.

H)Unfortunately,thecurrentlowpricesforoil,gas,andcoalmayprovidelittleincentiveforresearchtofindeve

ncheapersubstitutesforthosefuels.Thereisstrongevidencethatbothinnovationandadoptionofcleanertechnolog

yarestronglyencouragedbyhigherfossilfuelprices.Thesameistruefornewtechnologiesforalleviatingfossilfue

1emissions.

I)Thecurrentlowfossilfuelpriceenvironmentwillthuscertainlydelaytheenergytransitionfromfossilfueltocle

anenergysources.Unlessrenewablesbecomecheapenoughthatsubstantialcarbondepositsareleftundergroundfo

raverylongtime,ifnotforever,theplanetwilllikelybeexposedtopotentiallycatastrophicclimaterisks.

J)Someclimateimpactsmayalreadybediscernible.Forexample,theUnitedNationsChildren'sFundestimatestha

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tsome11millionchildreninAfricafacehunger,disease,andwatershortagesasaresultofthestrongestElNino(厄

爾尼諾)weatherphenomenonindecades.ManyscientistsbelievethatElNinoevents,causedbywarminginthePaci

fic,arebecomingmoreintenseasaresultofclimatechange.

K)NationsfromaroundtheworldhavegatheredinParisfortheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference,CO

P21,withthegoalofauniversalandpotentiallylegally-bindingagreementonreducinggreenhousegasemission

s.Weneedverybroadparticipationtofullyaddresstheglobaltragedythatresultswhencountriesfailtotakeintoac

countthenegativeimpactoftheircarbonemissionsontherestoftheworld.Moreover,non-participationbynations,i

fsufficientlywidespread,canunderminethepoliticalwillofparticipatingcountriestoact.

L)ThenationsparticipatingatCOP21arefocusingonquantitativeemissions-reductioncommitments.Economicr

easoningshowsthattheleastexpensivewayforeachcountryistoputapriceoncarbonemissions.Thereasonistha

twhencarbonispriced,thoseemissionsreductionsthatareleastcostlytoimplementwillhappenfirst.TheInternati

onalMonetaryFundcalculatesthatcountriescangeneratesubstantialfiscalrevenuesbyeliminatingfossilfuelsubsi

diesandlevyingcarbonchargesthatcapturethedomesticdamagecausedbyemissions.Ataxonupstreamcarbonso

urcesisoneeasywaytoputapriceoncarbonemissions,althoughsomecountriesmaywishtouseothermethods,su

chasemissionstradingschemes.Inordertomaximizeglobalwelfare,everycountry*scarbonpricingshouldreflect

notonlythepurelydomesticdamagefromemissions,butalsothedamagetoforeigncountries.

M)Settingtherightcarbonpricewillthereforeefficientlyalignthecostspaidbycarbonuserswiththetruesocialo

pportunitycostofusingcarbon.Byraisingrelativedemandforcleanenergysources,acarbonpricewouldalsohel

palignthemarketreturntoclean-energyinnovationwithitssocialreturn,spurringtherefinementofexistingtechnol

ogiesandthedevelopmentofnewones.Anditwouldraisethedemandfortechnologiessuchascarboncapturean

dstorage,spurringtheirfurtherdevelopment.Ifnotcorrectedbytheappropriatecarbonprice,lowfossilfuelpricesa

renotaccuratelysignalingtomarketsthetruesocialprofitabilityofcleanenergy.Whilealternativeestimatesofth

edamagefromcarbonemissionsdiffer,andit'sespeciallyhardtoreckonthelikelycostsofpossiblecatastrophiccli

mateevents,mostestimatessuggestsubstantialnegativeeffects.

N)Directsubsidiestoresearchanddevelopmenthavebeenadoptedbysomegovernmentsbutareapoorsubstitut

eforacarbonprice:theydoonlypartofthejob,leavinginplacemarketincentivestoover-usefossilfuelsandthere

byaddtothestockofatmosphericgreenhousegaseswithoutregardtothecollateral(附帶的)costs.

O)ThehopeisthatthesuccessofCOP21opensthedoortofutureinternationalagreementoncarbonprices.Agree

mentonaninternationalcarbon-pricefloorwouldbeagoodstartingpointinthatprocess.Failuretoaddresscompre

hensivelytheproblemofgreenhousegasemissions,however,exposesallgenerations,presentandfuture,toincalcul

ablerisks.

36.Anumberoffactorsaredrivingdowntheglobaloilpricesnotjustfornowbutintheforeseeablefuture.

37.Pricingcarbonprovesthemosteconomicalwaytoreducegreenhousegasemissions.

38.ItisestimatedthatextremeweatherconditionshaveendangeredthelivesofmillionsofAfricanchildren.

39.Thepricesofcoalarelowasaresultofover-supplyanddecreasingdemand.

40.Higherfossilfuelpricesprovetobeconducivetoinnovationandapplicationofcleanertechnology.

41.Iffossilfuelpricesremainlowforalongtime,itmayleadtohigheremissionsofgreenhousegases.

42.Fossilfuelsremainthemajorsourceofprimaryenergyconsumptionintoday'sworld.

43.Evenmajorfossilexportingcountrieshavegreatpotentialtodeveloprenewableenergies.

44.Greenhousegasemissions,ifnotproperlydealtwith,willposeendlessrisksformankind.

45.Itisurgentforgovernmentstoincreasethecostofusingfossilfuelstoanappropriateleveltolessenthecatastrop

hieeffectsofclimatechange.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)fB)fC)andD).Youshould

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decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Opendatasharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadlyagreethatpublica

ccesstorawdatawouldacceleratescience,mostarereluctanttoposttheresultsoftheirownlaborsonline.

Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline-geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequencesattheGenBan

krepository(庫),andastronomersareaccustomedtoaccessingimagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDi

gitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects-buttheseremaintheexception,nottherul

e.Historically,scientistshaveobjectedtosharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork;untilrecently,gooddatabase

sdidnotexist;grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandardsforformattin

gdata;andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.

Butthebarriersaredisappearing,inpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscie

ntiststomaketheirdatapublic.Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreportthatscientistsneedto"shif

tawayfromaresearchculturewheredataisviewedasaprivatepreserve".Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidfo

rwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation,andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowb

eshareddigitallyinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringingupto

makeiteasiertopublishresearchproductsonlineandenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcitethem.

Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthemoraladvantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelyaltr

uistic(利他的).Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefits,includingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues,i

mprovedvisibilityandincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharers——thosewhosedataaredownloadedandcite

dthemostoften--getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.Forexample,oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisc

iplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld;ithasbeendownloaded5,700times.Co-authorA

myZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarboni

sstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftimber."I'dmuchprefertohavemyd

atausedbythemaximumnumberofpeopletoasktheirownquestions,"shesays."It'simportanttoallowreadersa

ndreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetoberepro

ducible."

Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeandlabelfilessoothersc

anunderstandthem,scientistsbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoidingconfusionlat

eron.

46.Whatdomanyresearchersgenerallyaccept?

A)Itisimperativetoprotectscientists*patents.

B)Repositoriesareessentialtoscientificresearch.

C)Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.

D)Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.

47.Whatistheattitudeofmostresearcherstowardsmakingtheirowndatapublic?

A)Opposed.

B)Ambiguous.

C)Liberal.

D)Neutral.

48.Accordingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?

A)Thefearofmassivecopying.

B)Thelackofaresearchculture.

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C)Thebeliefthatresearchdataisprivateintellectualproperty.

D)Theconcernthatcertainagenciesmaymakeaprofitoutofit.

49.Whathelpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?

A)Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.

B)Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.

C)Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.

D)Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.

50.Dryadservesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing.

A)isbecomingincreasinglypopular

B)benefitssharersandusersalike

C)makesresearcherssuccessful

D)savesbothmoneyandlabor

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Macy'sreporteditssalesplunged5.2%inNovemberandDecemberatstoresopenmorethanayear,adisappoin

tingholidayseasonperformancethatcappedadifficultyearforadepartmentstorechainfacingwide-rangingchallen

ges.ItsflagshipstoresinmajorU.S.citiesdependheavilyoninternationaltouristspending,whichshrankatmanyre

tailersduetoastrongdollar.Meanwhile,Macy*shassimplystruggledtolureconsumerswhoaremoreinterestedin

spendingontravelordiningoutthanonnewclothesoraccessories.

ThecompanyblamedmuchofthepoorperformanceinNovemberandDecemberonunseasonablywarmweath

er.''About80%ofourcompany*syear-over-yeardeclinesincomparablesalescanbeattributedtoshortfalls(短缺)i

ncold-weathergoods,"saidchiefexecutiveTerryLundgreninapressrelease.Thispromptedthecompanytocutit

sforecastsforthefullfourthquarter.

However,it'sclearthatMacy'sbelievesitstroublesrundeeperthanatemporaryaberration(偏離)offthethermo

meter.Theretailgiantsaidthepoorfinancialperformancethisyearhaspushedittobeginimplementing$400millio

nincost-cuttingmeasures.Thecompanypledgedtocut600back-officepositions,thoughsome150workersinthos

eroleswouldbereassignedtootherjobs.Italsoplanstooffer"voluntaryseparationnpackagesto165seniorexecuti

ves.Itwillslashstaffingatitsfleetof770stores,amoveaffectingsome3,000employees.

Theretaileralsoannouncedthelocationsof36storesitwillcloseinearly2016.Thecompanyhadpreviouslya

nnouncedtheplannedclosures,buthadnotsaidwhichlocationswouldbeaffected.Noneofthechain'sstoresinth

eWashingtonmetropolitanareaaretobeclosed.

Macy'shasbeenmovingaggressivelytotrytoremake