04選擇性暑期學習成果階段檢測卷（人教版2019）

04選擇性必修第一冊暑期學習成果階段檢測卷英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheagingpopulation?A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided.【答案】A【原文】M:Theysaythepopulationisgettingolderandthatcouldcauseproblems.Whatdoyouthink?W:Iseeproblemsahead,becausefeweryoungpeoplewillpayfortheneedsofoldpeople.M:It’llallbeOK,becauserobotswilldomostofthework.2．Whowillprobablyhelpthemandothehouseworkinthefuture?A．Thewoman. B．Himself. C．Therobot.【答案】C【原文】W:Seeingthedoctorathome,shoppingathome,oh,wecandosomanythingsathomenowadays.M:Wecertainlycan.We’llhavearobottodothehouseworksomeday!3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Marriedlife. B．Futureplans. C．Dreamschools.【答案】B【原文】M:Whatareyougoingtodoaftergraduation?W:IthinkI’llfindajobinaschoolfirst.Iwanttobeateacher.Andyou?M:Iintendtogobacktomyhometowntostartmyownbusinessandthengetmarried.4．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It’sbig. B．It’squiet. C．It’snew.【答案】B【原文】W:John,can’twegosomeplaceandtalk?It’ssonoisyinhere.M:Well,there’sasmallparkacrossthestreet.It’susuallynotcrowdedatthistimeofday.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anewtechnology. B．Acarpany. C．Driverlesscars.【答案】B【原文】M:Takealookatthis!“Waymo,theselfdrivingtechnologypany,isingtoShanghai.”W:Wow,Ihaveheardaboutthepany,whichisexperiencedindevelopingdriverlesscars.M:I’mthinkingwhatchangeitwillbringtoChina.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thefuturewayofworking.B．Howtofindasatisfyingjob.C．Thedevelopmentofputers.7．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hewouldgetmuchmoredoneathome.B．Workingathomemaynotbeforhim.C．HewouldliketowatchTVathome.【答案】6．A7．A【原文】W:Work?Inthefuture?Well,Ithinkaspaniesgetmoreputerized,they’refindingwaysofusingfewerworkers.M:Yeah.Andmoreandmorepeoplewillbeworkingathomebecauseofputers.W:Wow,I’dreallylovethat.Canyouimaginespendingmostofyourworkweekinthefortofyourownhome?M:Personally,Iwouldhavefreertimetableandgetmuchmoredone.Andwithemailsandphonecallsyoucanstillkeepintouchwitheveryoneyouneedto.W:Well,I’mafraidImightjustsitbackandturnontheTV!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A．Robotswilltakejobsfromhumans.B．Robotswillreplacehumansentirely.C．Robotswillbeintroducedintohomes.9．Howdoesthemanthinkaboutrobots?A．Theyarenotveryfriendly.B．Theybreakdownregularly.C．Theydomorewithlesscost.10．Whatpercentageofjobswillbeatriskduringthenextdecade?A．3%. B．15%. C．33%.【答案】8．A9．C10．C【原文】M:Inthefuture,manyofourcurrentjobswillbedonebyrobots.W:Thefutureiscloserthanyouthink.Severalofmyfriendswerefiredinacarfactory,becauserobotsarenowreplacingthem.M:Robotsdoofferbetteroutput(產量)forlesscost.Theycanoperatealldayandnight.W:Thisistrue,butmyfriendsarenolongerearninganymoney.M:Hopefullytheywillbeabletofindotherjobs.W:Itisgettinghardertofindajobthatwillnotbereplacedinafewyears’time.M:Thisistrue.Ireadareportthatsaidinthisdecade,3%ofjobswereatriskfrommachines.W:Ireadthesamereport.Thatnumberwouldjumpto33%duringthenextdecade.M:Yes,buttheyalsopointedoutthatrobotsandartificialintelligencecouldboosttheglobaleconomyby$15trillion.W:Doyouthinktheywillreplacelawyerslikeus?M:Notanytimesoon.W:Wehavetoworklonghours,butatleastwehavejobsecurity.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11．Whyisthemaninthepark?A．Tovolunteerforagovernmentdepartment.B．Todoresearchforaschoolproject.C．Tooffertourstovisitors.12．Whatconcernsthemanmostaboutthepark?A．Naturaldisasters. B．Onlineadvertising. C．Tourists’visiting.13．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Signaform. B．Offeracashdonation. C．Joininsomeonlineactivities.【答案】11．A12．C13．A【原文】M:Hi,Miss,doyouhaveamomenttotalkaboutthehistoryofthispark?W:Sure.AreyouwiththeMexicanhistorydepartment?M:Yes,butonlytodonatemytimetohelpourgovernmentprotecttheoldbuildingsandparks.Now,wewanttomakesuretheparkisprotectedfromdamage,andwe’llcallformoresupportonsocialmedia.W:Greatidea.Itmustbedifficulttoprotectitfromstormsandearthquakes.M:Luckily,it’sstrongenoughtosurvivethedisasters.Therealissueisthousandsoftouristsvisitingeveryday.We’rehopingtopassrulesagainstvisitorswalkingandclimbingonthesevaluableremainsoftheoldbuildingsinthepark.W:Righton!IwishIhadsomemoneytodonate.IsthereaformforsupportersthatIcansign?M:Absolutely.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14．What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A．Fightingfire. B．Detectingfire. C．Preventingfire.15．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A．Australialost4%ofitstrees.B．ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C．Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16．Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A．Thesizeofacar.B．Thesizeofaplane.C．Thesizeofafootballfield.17．Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A．Protectinghumans. B．Purifyingtheair. C．Savinganimals.【答案】14．B15．C16．A17．C【原文】W:We’redevelopinganewtechnologythatcandetectforestfiresassoonastheystart.M:Thatsoundsamazing.Givenhowmanyfirestherehavebeenrecently,it’ssomethingtheworldextremelyneeds.W:Indeed.In2020alone,Californiahadover8,000fires,losingroughly4%ofthestate’strees.M:Thatistrulysurprising.W:Yes.TheotherplacewhereitwillbeusefulisAustralia.Atthestartoftheyear,therewere50separateforestfiresburningacrossthecountry.M:Sohowwillyournewdetectionsystemwork?W:We’regoingtouseanewrangeofsatelliteswhichhaveheatcameras.M:Don’tothersatelliteshavethose?W:Yes,butnoneissoadvanced.Theycandetectafirethesizeofafootballfield.Thenewsystemcansenseafirethesizeofacar.M:Andwillthatbeenoughofadifferencetostopthefirefromspreading?W:Webelieveso.Hopefullyitwillgivefirefightersenoughtimetostopitbeforeitgetstoobig.Iftheygettheplaneupintime,theywillputoutthefirequickly.M:Ifitworks,Ireallyhopeyougetrecognitionforit.W:Ijustwanttotryandstoptreesfromburning,andmoreimportantly,protectthepooranimalsthatliveinthem.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18．Whatwillcontrolthetreehouse’stemperature?A．Theroof. B．Theleaves. C．Thesoil.19．Whatisthemostimportantdesignofalizardhouse?A．Changingcolors. B．Collectingsunlight. C．Producingenergy.20．Whycanthechimneybeausefulairconditioner?A．Itallowscoolairtoein.B．Itiseasyforhotairtoflowout.C．Itcanprotectthehousefromstrongcoldair.【答案】18．C19．A20．B【原文】W:Wewon’tknowwhatthefuturehousewilllooklike,butwecanimaginethreekindsofhouses.Thefirstoneisthetreehouse.Likealeaf,thesurfaceofthehousecollectssunlightduringtheday.Theenergycanbeusedtoheatwater,produceelectricityandevencreatefreshairforthehome.Therootofthehouseisdeepundertheground.Itusesthesoiltocontrolthehome’stemperature.Thesecondoneisthelizardhome.Likealizard,changingcolorswiththeweatheristhemostimportantdesignofalizardhouse.Whenit’sinthebrightsun,thecoverofthehousewillturndarktoprotectitfromstrongheat.Duringthedarkdays,itturnswhiteandtakesinasmuchlightandheataspossibletoproduceenergy.Thelastoneisthechimneyhouse.Insuchahouse,achimneycanbeausefulairconditionerbecauseitiseasierforhotairtoflowoutofthechimney.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcardworthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaoneofakindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmbluegreenwatersandbuildblushcoloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheselfguidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanupcloseviewofits18thcenturylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworldrenownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehighrisebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21．WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A．Thechancetocyclearound. B．Theirlivelyartisticscene.C．Theuniquewatersports. D．Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22．WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A．Thoseseekingwatersports. B．Fansofmodernlighthouses.C．Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D．Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.23．WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A．Itsbeachsand. B．Itsarchitecturalstyle.C．Itsoceandrive. D．Itshighrisebuildings.【答案】21．A22．C23．B【導語】這是一篇應用文，文章主要介紹了一些美麗的海灘。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CannonBeach部分中“Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.(當你需要離開海灘休息一下的時候，可以騎上一輛自行車，前往市中心的藝術畫廊、商店和餐館)”和HorseshoeBayBeach部分中“Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheselfguidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.(喜歡冒險的人還可以參加島上的自助自行車之旅，或者參加刺激的水上運動)”可知，兩個海灘的共同點是都可以在周圍騎行，故選A。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoheganBluffs部分中“Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.(抵達后，停下來欣賞周圍的環(huán)境，了解它與當?shù)厝说穆?lián)系，他們的古老傳統(tǒng)，以及與土地的聯(lián)系，為您的海灘體驗增添深度)”可知，對當?shù)匚幕信d趣的人最有可能被MoheganBluffs所吸引，故選C。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthBeach部分中“AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehighrisebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.(雖然嚴格來說是邁阿密海灘地區(qū)的一部分，但南海灘因其裝飾藝術建筑而引人注目，從海濱救生塔到著名的海洋大道沿線的高層建筑，隨處可見)”可知，SouthBeach因其裝飾藝術風格的建筑而脫穎而出，故選B。BBeforearrivinginChina,IhadreadvariousbooksrelatingtoChina,andmyfascinationwereincreasing.Therefore,whenIarrived,Icouldn’thavebeenmoreexcitedtobelivinginthishugehistoricallyandculturallyrichcountry.Thefood,thelandmarks,thebigcitiesandeverydaylife—Icouldn’twaittoexplore.Yetdespitemypassion,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn’tlaziness,butratherfearatthethoughtoftryingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.Besidesthis,IwaslivinginShanghai,aninternationalcity,withmanypeoplespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguage—IdecidedEnglishwouldbeenough.However,afterayearinChinaIbegantoobservethatwhilemanyforeignersdidnotspeakChinese,therewereplentywhodid.Perhapsitwasachievableafterall?Inaddition,IfeltunfortablewithhowmanyChinesepeoplecouldspeakEnglishandyetIcouldn’tevenspeakthemostbasicChinese.Withthesefactorsinmindandathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.LearningtospeakChineseisn’tasinsurmountableasIoncethought.WhenIspeaktonativeChinesespeakersinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme,IhavealsonotfoundittoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.ThethingIfindmostchallengingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed.Ican’talwaysunderstandwhat’sbeensaid.MybiggesttakeawayfromlearningChineseisthatit’snotonlyachievablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeindaytodaylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchafascinatingcountry.So,toallmynonChinesefriendsIsaythis,takeupthechallengeandtaketheleapoffaith.24．Whydidn’ttheauthorlearnChinesewhenhearrivedinChinain2017?A．HeshowednopassionforChina. B．Hewasunwillingtomaketheeffort.C．Heavoidedlearningasecondlanguage. D．Heavoideddoingsomethingdifficult.25．WhatcausedtheauthortolearnChinese?A．Hisregretaboutstartinglearninglate. B．Supportfrommanyfriendsaroundhim.C．Eagernesstotakeupthechallenge. D．Athirsttoprovehisgiftforlanguage.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insurmountable”inthe5thparagraphmean?A．Valueless. B．Difficult. C．Unnecessary. D．Unacceptable.27．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A．Lovebreaksdowndifficulties. B．Hardworkpaysoff.C．Hardworkisthekeytosuccess. D．Braveryopensupanewworld.【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【導語】這是一篇記敘文。作者一開始到中國時因為懼怕困難而不想學習中文，但是在中國一年后作者決定接受這個挑戰(zhàn)，在認真學習后，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)學習中文不僅對其日常生活有幫助，而且加深了自己對這個迷人國家的文化理解。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Yetdespitemypassion,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn’tlaziness,butratherfearatthethoughtoftryingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.(盡管我對中文充滿熱情，但我從未想過要學習中文。這并不是懶惰，而是一想到要學習被認為是世界上最難的語言就害怕。)”可知，作者2017年到中國時不學中文是因為他逃避做困難的事情。故選D。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Withthesefactorsinmindandathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.(考慮到這些因素和對新挑戰(zhàn)的渴望，我決定開始我的語言之旅，我唯一的遺憾是我沒有早點開始。)”可知，對新挑戰(zhàn)的渴望促使作者開始學習中文。故選C。26．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“asIoncethought(像我原本以為的)”和第三段前兩句“Yetdespitemypassion,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn’tlaziness,butratherfearatthethoughtoftryingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.(盡管我對中文充滿熱情，但我從未想過要學習中文。這并不是懶惰，而是一想到要學習被認為是世界上最難的語言就害怕。)”可知，此處是指學習中文并不像“我”原本以為的那樣難，所以insurmountable意為“困難的”。故選B。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeindaytodaylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchafascinatingcountry.So,toallmynonChinesefriendsIsaythis,takeupthechallengeandtaketheleapoffaith.(學習中文不僅對我的日常生活有幫助，而且加深了我對這個迷人國家的文化理解。所以，我要對我所有的非中國朋友說，接受挑戰(zhàn)，大膽地邁出信念的一步。)”可知，從作者的經歷中可以了解到勇敢接受挑戰(zhàn)會打開新世界的大門。故選D。CSomecivilizationsrecordtheirpastswithartorbooks.Otherspassonhistorythroughfolksongsanddances.InSingapore,thestoryofhowaramshacklefishingvillageinSoutheastAsiadevelopedintoawealthyandmoderncountryoftenesinspoonfulsofpepperyporkribsouporbitesoffriedeggnoodlesatitshawkercenters(小販中心).Forvisitors,hawkercentersmightjustseemlikefoodcourts:Followyournoseorthelongestline,thenpayafewSingaporedollarsforaplateoffoodtoenjoyatasharedtable.ForSingaporeans,hawkercultureisaboutmorethanjustagoodmeal.Thesefoodcentersaresymbolsofthecountry’sdiversifiedculture.HawkercentersaresocentraltoSingaporethatthecountryrecentlyledasuccessfulcampaigntohavethepracticelistedastheUNESCOIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Toacmodate(容納)Singapore’sdiversifiedpopulation,thegovernmentmadesurethehawkercentersincludedMalay,Indian,andChinesestoreowners.“Hawkercentersarelikelythefirstplaceswherepeoplewilltryanotherethnicgroup’sfood,”saysCheeKienLai,authorofEarlyHawkersinSingapore.“They’reopentoeveryone.YoucangetChinesefoodortryIndiancuisineandgetconnectedtodifferentculturesandreligions.”AfterSingapore’srapiddevelopmentinthe1970sand80s,therewasasuddenstopintheconstructionofhawkercenters.Everybodywasconcentratingonbeingaknowledgebasedsociety.Bythetimethegovernmentreturnedtobuildingnewhawkercentersin2011,manypeoplewonderediftherewereenoughpeopletocarryonthetradition.“Eventhoughlocalsloveeatingathawkercenters,fewareinterestedinrunningasmallfoodshopthemselves,”saysChee.“Thecostoflaborhasgoneup,withtheyounger,bettereducatedgenerationputoffbythelonghoursandphysicalworkthejobrequires.Asaginghawkersretire,theirrecipesriskextinction.”That’soneofthereasonsthat,in2019,Singapore’sNationalHeritageBoardputthehawkersforwardforUNESCOrecognition.“Weneedtomakethemourlocalculturalheroes,”saysTay.28．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ramshackle”inparagraphl?A．Poor. B．Big. C．Unfriendly. D．Pretty.29．ForSingaporeans,thehawkercentersare__________.A．ameansofpassingontheirhistory B．aneasywaytoearnalivingC．symbolsofbeingamoderncountry D．justgoodplacesforcheapfood30．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Singaporehasaverydiversifiedpopulation.B．Hawkercentersdeclinedshortlyafterthe1980s.C．Thereisintensepetitionamongthehawkers.D．Youngpeopleenjoyworkingatthehawkercenters.31．WhatisCheeKienLaiworriedabout?A．Therisingpricesoffood. B．ThehighcostoflaborinSingapore.C．Thedisappearanceofhawkercenters. D．Alackofcustomersforhawkercenters.【答案】28．A29．A30．B31．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了被列為聯(lián)合國非物質文化遺產的新加坡小販中心。28．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后“developedintoawealthyandmoderncountry(發(fā)展成為一個富裕和現(xiàn)代化的國家)”可推斷，ramshackle與wealthy,modern的意思相反，也就是意為“貧窮的”，和poor意思相近。故選A。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesefoodcentersaresymbolsofthecountry’sdiversifiedculture.(這些美食中心是這個國家多元文化的象征。)”可知，對新加坡人來說，小販中心是他們傳承歷史的一種方式。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AfterSingapore’srapiddevelopmentinthe1970sand80s,therewasasuddenstopintheconstructionofhawkercenters.Everybodywasconcentratingonbeingaknowledgebasedsociety.(新加坡在上世紀七八十年代快速發(fā)展之后，小販中心的建設突然停止。每個人都專注于成為一個知識型社會。)”可推斷，在上世紀八十年代，小販中心開始走下坡路了。故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Asaginghawkersretire,theirrecipesriskextinction.(隨著上了年紀的小販退休，他們的食譜面臨著滅絕的危險。)”可知，CheeKienLai擔心小販中心會消亡。故選C。DMorethan1billionchildren,teenagersandadultslivewithobesity(肥胖)aroundtheworld,makingitthemostmonformofmalnutritioninmanycountries,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursdayinthejournalTheLancet.“PreviousestimatesbytheWorldObesityFederationsuggestedthattherewouldbe1billionpeoplelivingwithobesityby2030,butthatnumberwasalreadyovertakenin2022,”Dr.MajidEzzati,seniorauthorofthestudyandprofessoratImperialCollegeLondon,saidinanewsconferenceonThursday.“Wehadn’texpectedthatthethingshappenedsofast.”Thenewglobalstudy,conductedbymorethan1,500researchersfromtheNonmunicableDiseasesRiskFactorCollaborationandtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),analyzedtheheightandweightmeasurementsofover220millionpeoplefrommorethan190countries.Thestudyfocusedonratesofunderweightandobesity,bothformsofmalnutritionthatareharmfultopeople’shealth.Adultswereregardedasobeseiftheirbodymassindex(指數(shù))(BMI)wasgreaterthanorequalto30andconsideredasunderweightiftheirBMIwasbelow18.5.Childrenandteenagersweredefinedasobeseorunderweightbasedonageandsex,accordingtothestudy.“Undernutritionandobesityaretwofacesofthesameproblem,whichisthelackofaccesstoahealthydiet,”Dr.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheWHODepartmentofNutritionandFoodSafety,saidinthenewsconference.“Publicpolicymustaimtoimprovemonitoringoffoodproducersandensurefairaccesstohealthyandnutritiousfoodforeveryone.Over3billionpeopleintheworldstillcannotaffordahealthydiet.”France,whichsawasteadylevelinitsobesityratesinthestudy,hascarriedoutanationalplancalledProgrammeNationalNutritionSantéthatsetsobjectivesfornutritionalpolicyattheindustry,consumerandresearchlevels.CountriesinSouthAmericahavebeguncarryingoutfrontofpackagenutritionallabellingthatincludesclearwarningsaboutfat,sugarandsaltlevels.Mexicohasledthewayontaxationofsweeteneddrinks,andinChile,processedfoodscannotbemarketedtochildren.32．HowdoesEzzatifeelaboutthenumberofobesepeopleworldwidein2022?A．Disappointed. B．Astonished.C．Amused. D．Relieved.33．Howdidtheresearchersconductthenewstudy?A．Byaskingquestions. B．Byanalyzingdata.C．Bymakingobservations. D．Bycarryingoutexperiments.34．Foradults,whichBMImeansnormalweightaccordingtothestudy?A．33. B．30.C．20. D．18.35．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegoodhabitsofteenagersinSouthAmerica.B．Thedifferencesindietamongdifferentcountries.C．TheproblemsofrisingobesityratesfacedbyFrance.D．Themeasurestakenbyseveralcountriestoaddressobesity.【答案】32．B33．B34．C35．D【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是全球肥胖癥的嚴重性和普遍性，以及不同國家為應對肥胖問題所采取的政策和措施。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“PreviousestimatesbytheWorldObesityFederationsuggestedthattherewouldbe1billionpeoplelivingwithobesityby2030,butthatnumberwasalreadyovertakenin2022(世界肥胖聯(lián)合會此前的估計顯示，到2030年將有10億人患有肥胖癥，但這一數(shù)字在2022年就已經超過了這一數(shù)字)”和“Wehadn’texpectedthatthethingshappenedsofast.(我們沒有預料到事情發(fā)生得這么快。)”可知，Ezzati對于2022年全球肥胖人口的數(shù)量感到震驚。故選B。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenewglobalstudy,conductedbymorethan1,500researchersfromtheNonmunicableDiseasesRiskFactorCollaborationandtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),analyzedtheheightandweightmeasurementsofover220millionpeoplefrommorethan190countries.(這項新的全球研究由來自非傳染性疾病風險因素協(xié)作組織和世界衛(wèi)生組織（世衛(wèi)組織）的1500多名研究人員進行，分析了來自190多個國家的2.2億多人的身高和體重測量數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，研究者是通過分析數(shù)據(jù)進行研究的。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Adultswereregardedasobeseiftheirbodymassindex(指數(shù))(BMI)wasgreaterthanorequalto30andconsideredasunderweightiftheirBMIwasbelow18.5.(如果成年人的身體質量指數(shù)（BMI）大于或等于30，則被視為肥胖；如果BMI低于18.5，則被視為體重過輕。)”可推斷，對于成年人來說，身體質量指數(shù)為20，屬于正常體重。故選C。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“France,whichsawasteadylevelinitsobesityratesinthestudy,hascarriedoutanationalplancalledProgrammeNationalNutritionSantéthatsetsobjectivesfornutritionalpolicyattheindustry,consumerandresearchlevels.CountriesinSouthAmericahavebeguncarryingoutfrontofpackagenutritionallabellingthatincludesclearwarningsaboutfat,sugarandsaltlevels.Mexicohasledthewayontaxationofsweeteneddrinks,andinChile,processedfoodscannotbemarketedtochildren.(在這項研究中，法國的肥胖率處于穩(wěn)定水平，該國已經實施了一項名為“國家營養(yǎng)老人計劃”的國家計劃，為工業(yè)、消費者和研究層面的營養(yǎng)政策設定了目標。南美國家已經開始在食品包裝的正面貼上營養(yǎng)標簽，明確警告脂肪、糖和鹽的含量。墨西哥在對含糖飲料征稅方面走在了前面，在智利，加工食品不能向兒童銷售。)”可知，最后一段主要介紹了一些國家為解決肥胖問題所采取的措施。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Althoughmostemptyplasticbottlesarethrown,thereareactuallymanyotherwaysyoucanreusethemotherthandrinking.36.Herearesomeinterestingtipstousewithemptyplasticbottles.CutoffthebiscuitsWhenmakingbiscuits,didyoujustrealizeyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.Firstcutthebottleintohalf.37.SeparateeggsDoyoufinditchallengingtoseparateeggs?38.Breaktheeggsintoabowl.Removethelid,pressthebottle,puttheendsintotheeggyolk(蛋黃)andstopthepressure.Thisway,theeggyolkwillbetakenintothebottlewhiletheeggwhitewillremainontheplate.Inthisway,separatingeggsisn’tachallengingproblem.39Wanttoremovefliesinyourgardensafely?Useplasticbottles.Cutthebottleintohalfandplaceasweetsyrup(糖漿)atthebottom.Thenplacethetopinthebottomsothatthebottlemouthfacesdown.Theflywillbeattractedtothesmellandflyintothebottlehole.Onceinthebottle,theflywillclimbthroughanarrowopeningwithoutthinkingabouthowtogetoutandeventuallydies.AirconditionerSometimes,thefanremoveshotairanddoesnotcooltheroombutnowwehaveasolution!40Then,placethebottlewithiceonthefloorforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthebottlewithicecausesthetemperaturetobelower.A．ThetrapB．TheharmoffliesC．PourthewateroutfromthelargebottlesD．YoucansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottlesE．FilltwolargebottleswithwaterandturnintoiceF．AndthenyoujusttakeoneoftwopartstocutthecookiesG．Theyallowyoutorecyclecreativelyforavarietyofpurposes【答案】36．G37．F38．D39．A40．E【導語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了空塑料瓶的一些另外的用途。36．前文“Althoughmostemptyplasticbottlesarethrown,thereareactuallymanyotherwaysyoucanreusethemotherthandrinking.(雖然大多數(shù)空塑料瓶都被扔了，但實際上除了喝水，還有很多其他的方法可以重復使用它)”表明可以重復使用空塑料瓶，后文“Herearesomeinterestingtipstousewithemptyplasticbottles.(以下是一些使用空塑料瓶的有趣技巧)”引出下文巧妙利用空塑料瓶的方法，G選項“它們允許你創(chuàng)造性地回收用于各種目的”承上啟下，其中They指代上文的manyotherways，符合語境。故選G。37．前文“Whenmakingbiscuits,didyoujustrealizeyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.(在做餅干的時候，你是不是突然意識到你沒有任何工具來切割它們？你只需要一個大小取決于你的需要的塑料瓶)”表示塑料瓶可以幫助切餅干，前一句“Firstcutthebottleintohalf.(首先把瓶子切成兩半)”表示空處為切餅干的步驟，F(xiàn)選項“然后再用其中的一半來切餅干”表示第二個步驟。故選F。38．前文“Doyoufinditchallengingtoseparateeggs?(你覺得分離雞蛋很有挑戰(zhàn)性嗎)”引出問題，表示本段說明可以用廢棄塑料瓶來分隔雞蛋，D選項“你可以用塑料瓶來解決這個問題”為對于前文提到問題的回答，符合語境。故選D。39．空處為小標題，下文第一句“Wanttoremovefliesinyourgardensafely?Useplasticbottles.(想要安全地清除花園中的蒼蠅？使用塑料瓶)”表示這一段描述可以用塑料瓶來捕捉蒼蠅，再結合下文“Cutthebottleintohalfandplaceasweetsyrupatthebottom.Thenplacethetopinthebottomsothatthebottlemouthfacesdown.Theflywillbeattractedtothesmellandflyintothebottlehole.(把瓶子切成兩半，在底部放上糖漿。然后把瓶蓋蓋在底部，使瓶口朝下。蒼蠅會被氣味吸引，飛進瓶子洞)”表示塑料瓶可以用來做蒼蠅的捕捉器陷阱。A選項“陷阱”很好地概括這一段內容。故選A。40．后文“Then,placethebottlewithiceonthefloorforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthebottlewithicecausesthetemperaturetobelower.(然后，把裝有冰