安徽省江南十校2025屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期一模聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGEPAGE22安徽省江南十校2025屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期一模聯(lián)考試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案C.1Whywasthemanlate?A.Heoverslept.B.Hehadnoalarmclock.C.Hiscarbrokedown.2.Howoldisthegirlnow?A16.B.9.C.7.3.WhatdoweknowaboutTed?A.Hewasvisitingahospital.B.Hegotaseriousheadache.C.Hefelldownfromatree.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Orderapizza.B.Repairherphone.C.Buyanewsmartphone.5.Whichisthenearestplacetobuyacitymap?A.Thegrocerystore.B.Thesupermarket.C.Thebookstore.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whataretheygoingtodotonight?A.Holdaparty.B.Walkinapark.C.Sellflowers.7.Wherewilltheymeet?A.AtMary'shome.B.Attheparkgate.C.Intheoffice.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthedatewhentheconversationtakesplace?A.March6th.B.March7th.C.March8th.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandclerk.B.Guestandreceptionist.C.Customerandsaleswoman.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman'spresentation?A.It'sexcellent.B.It'stiring.C.It'shard.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkisthemosthelpfulinachievingsuccess?A.Patience.B.Determination.C.Confidence.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Celebrateasuccessfulending.B.Nevercomparewithothers.C.Haveagoodstartingpoint.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdomostpeoplethinkoffilming?A.Interesting.B.Challenging.C.Motivating.14.WhywasYifeichosentoplayMulan?A.Becausesheisbrilliant.B.Becauseshenevercomplains.C.Becausesheisgoodatmakingfilms.15.WhatdocsNikisayaboutherownfilms?A.Theyareawesomeactionfilms.B.Theydeservethehighestbudget.C.Theycanreflectpartofherownlife.16.WhatisthemostimportantaspectinmakingfilmsaccordingtoNiki?A.Teamwork.B.Stories.C.Actorsandactresses.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhichofthefollowingbelongstoGenerationZ?A.Thosebornin1960.B.Thosebornin1980.C.Thosebornin2000.18.WhatisspecialaboutGenerationZcomparedwithothergenerations?A.Theydomuchmoreresearch.B.Theyusetechnologymoreoften.C.Theyputmorestressoneducation.19.WhatcausesmentalhealthissuesinGenerationZ?A.Searchingforinformationonline.B.Seekingfriendshiponsocialmedia.C.Feelinguncertainaboutthefuture.20.Whatisthespeaker'sattitudetowardsGenerationZ?A.Objective.B.Ambiguous.C.Sympathetic.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AApplicationandEssaysYoucanapplytoStanfordbysubmittingonlineeithertheCoalitionApplicationortheCommonApplication.Bothapplicationsincludeessaypromptsforyourpersonalessay.Inadditiontothepersonalessay,youalsoneedtoreplytotheStanfordQuestions,whichyoucanaccessineitherapplicationonceyouaddStanfordUniversitytoyourlistofcolleges.WhenyouapplytoStanford,weencourageyoutoindicatepotentialmajorsandcareerinterestsintheapplication,butpleaseknowyouarenotboundbytheseselectionsinanyway.StanfordQuestionsWeaskapplicantstochooseoneofthethreetopicsbelowandwriteashortessay.◆ReflectonanideaorexperiencethatmakesyougenuinelyexcitedaboutlearninginStanford.◆Writeanotetoyourfutureroommatethatrevealssomethingaboutyouorthatwillhelpyourroommateknowyoubelter.◆Tellusaboutsomethingthatismeaningfultoyou,andwhy?HowtoSubmitRequiredMaterials◆WesuggestusingCoalitionorCommonApplicationonlineformswheneverpossibletoSubmitdocuments,whichisthespeediestmethod.◆Ifonlinesubmissionisnotpossible;schoolpersonnelmaysendmaterialsasanemailAttachmenttopersonnel@.◆Whenorderingcollegetranscripts,pleaseusecredentials@asthecontactemail.◆Ifyourchecklistisnotcompletebythedeadline,simplycontinuetocheckyourApplicationStatusPortaluntilwehavereceivedallitems.1.Whatisnecessarilyincludedinanapplication?A.Apersonalessay. B.Careerinterests.C.Personalhobbies. D.Theselectedmajor.2.WhatissuggestedwhenyoureplytoStanfordQuestions?A.Writinganessaytoincludethethreetopics.B.Writinganoteaboutsomethingthatinterestsyou.C.WritinganessayonwhatinspiresyourlearninginStanford.D.Writinganotetorecommendsomethingmeaningfultoyourroommate.3.Whichonlineserviceorwebsiteisthequickestwaytosubmitmaterials?A.personnel@ B.credentials@C.ApplicationStatusPortal. D.CoalitionorCommonApplication.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了申請(qǐng)美國(guó)斯坦福高校的一些詳細(xì)要求?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一個(gè)標(biāo)題ApplicationandEssays下的其次段“Bothapplicationsincludeessaypromptsforyourpersonalessay(這兩種申請(qǐng)都包括你的個(gè)人論文)”可知，申請(qǐng)表的必要條件是提交一份個(gè)人論文。故選A。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次個(gè)標(biāo)題StanfordQuestions下的“ReflectonanideaorexperiencethatmakesyougenuinelyexcitedaboutlearninginStanford(回想一個(gè)讓你對(duì)在斯坦福學(xué)習(xí)感到由衷興奮的想法或經(jīng)驗(yàn))”可知，在論文中建議寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于什么激發(fā)了你在斯坦福的學(xué)習(xí)的文章。故選C。3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三個(gè)標(biāo)題HowtoSubmitRequiredMaterials下的“WesuggestusingCoalitionorCommonApplicationonlineformswheneverpossibletosubmitdocuments,whichisthespeediestmethod(我們建議盡可能運(yùn)用聯(lián)合或通用的在線申請(qǐng)表格來(lái)提交文件，這是最快的方法)”，可知最快的提交材料方式是采納CoalitionorCommonApplication線上程序。故選D。BWithpaperflowersandmusichangingaroundintheair,LyuJunwashostingasmallfarewellceremonyatanindustrialzoneinShenzhen,Guangdongprovince.Itwasafuneralforapetdog.Lyucameupwiththeideaofbecomingapetmortician(殯葬師)fouryearsagowhenhewaspreparingtostartabusiness.“Atthattime,therewasonlyonebrick-and-mortar(實(shí)體的)businessthatprovidedfuneralservicesforpetsinShenzhen,buthundredsofpetsdieeverydayinthiscity,”hesaid.AccordingtoLyu,manypetownersusedtoburytheremainsoftheirbelovedanimalsneartheirhomes,whichhadaharmfulimpactontheenvironmentandcreatedtheriskofspreadingdisease.Hesawagapinthemarketforsomeoneabletoproperlyhandlethedeathofpets.“Apetfuneralserviceprovidestreatmentofthebodiesthatisharm-free,anditisthegreatestcomforttopetowners,”Lyusaid.Hetakesgoodcareoftheremainsofthepetsandtidiesuptheirappearancebeforethefuneral.Inaddition,hepreparesfuneraladdressesandselectssuitabletombsforthepets.Healsofilmsfuneralsforownerswhocannotattendtheceremonies,andprovidespaperandpensforthosewhowanttowritedowntheirblessingsandhangthenotesonthewishingtree.Overthepastfouryears,Lyuhasbidfarewelltomorethan2,000dogs,catsandotherkindsofanimals.Healsodoesvolunteerworkinhissparetimetopromoteresponsibledograising.“Thepetfuneralserviceindustryisstillinitsbabyhood,andIhopetherewillbeasetofstrictstandardsforpeoplewhotakeonthisjobandabelterenvironmentfortheindustry,”Lyusaid.4.WhydidLyustartthebusinessonpetfuneralservice?A.Becausehecouldearnalotofmoneyfromit.B.Becausehethoughtitmetthemarketrequirement.C.Becausehethoughtitwouldbeauniqueandchallengingbusiness.D.Becausehecouldhelpownersburytheirdeadpetsneartheirhomes.5.WhatdoesLyuoftendoasapetmortician?A.Hedeliversspeechestomournthepets.B.Hegivesbestwishestothepets'owners.C.Hemakesfilmsofthepetsfortheirbirth.D.Henursesandcaresforthepetscarefully.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Lyuvolunteerstoraisepetsonhisown.B.Thepetfuneralservicehasgotabigsuccess.C.Morestrictstandardsshouldbesetforpets'owners.D.Thereremainsapotentialinthepetfuneralindustry.7.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Aresearchreport. B.Anadvertisement.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一名寵物殯葬師的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Hesawagapinthemarketforsomeoneabletoproperlyhandlethedeathofpets.”（他發(fā)覺(jué)市場(chǎng)上缺少一個(gè)能夠適當(dāng)處理寵物死亡的人。）可知，Lyu起先他的事業(yè)是因?yàn)榭吹搅藢櫸餁浽嵝袠I(yè)比較稀缺，他從中看到市場(chǎng)需求。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“Healsofilmsfuneralsforownerswhocannotattendtheceremonies,andprovidespaperandpensforthosewhowanttowritedowntheirblessingsandhangthenotesonthewishingtree.”（此外，他還打算葬禮地址，并為寵物選擇合適的墳?zāi)?。他還為不能參與葬禮的主子拍攝葬禮，并為那些想要寫(xiě)下祝愿的主子供應(yīng)紙和筆，并把紙條掛在許愿樹(shù)上。）可以推知，作為一個(gè)寵物殯儀業(yè)者，Lyu的工作日常里常常會(huì)組織一些寵物哀悼會(huì)，他會(huì)發(fā)表演講哀悼寵物。選項(xiàng)BCD均與寵物殯葬無(wú)關(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Lyu說(shuō)的“Thepetfuneralserviceindustryisstillinitsbabyhood,andIhopetherewillbeasetofstrictstandardsforpeoplewhotakeonthisjobandabelterenvironmentfortheindustry.”（寵物殯葬服務(wù)行業(yè)仍處于萌芽階段，我希望對(duì)從事這項(xiàng)工作的人有一套嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并為這個(gè)行業(yè)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)更好的環(huán)境。）可知，寵物殯葬行業(yè)仍有著很大的發(fā)展?jié)撃?。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一名寵物殯葬師的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，圍繞的話題是“寵物殯葬”，該話題與社會(huì)人文有關(guān)。本文不是依據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)和歷史材料，描述客觀事實(shí)的探討報(bào)告，解除A項(xiàng)；本文不具備廣告的特點(diǎn)，解除B項(xiàng)；本文不具備小說(shuō)的三要素，解除C項(xiàng)。從而可推斷本文出處應(yīng)來(lái)自于雜志。故選D項(xiàng)。CAccordingtoasurvey,thewasteoffoodonthediningtableoccupies10%ofthetotalgrainoutput.LastweekMeituanco-publishedaproposalwithanumberofbusinessorganizations,callingonrestaurantstostopfoodwasteandhelpdevelopneweatinghabitsforcustomers.“Restaurantsshoulduseofficialaccountsonsocialmediaandlive-streamingtopromoteandadvocatefood-savingactions,”theproposalsaid.Meituanandtheorganizationsareadvocatingthatmerchantsofferguidanceforconsumers,includingremindingthemduringtheorderingprocessaboutthetasteoftheingredients,portionsizesandotherinformationaboutthedishes,tohelpthemavoidfoodwasteduetomisleadinginformation.Cateringassociationsinmorethan18provinceshavealsojoinedthecampaigntoremovefoodwaste.TheWuhanCateringAssociationproposedan“N-1”orderingcodeforrestaurantsinwhichagroupof10dinerswouldonlyorderenoughforninepeople.Morefoodisonlybroughttothetableifrequired.Ithasinspiredpeopletorethinktheirrelationshipwithfoodandwaste.OnFriday,theChinaCuisineAssociationannouncedthatithadteamedupwithEle.me,afooddeliveryplatform,tolauncha“half-dishplan",encouragingrestaurantstoprovidecustomerswiththeoptiontoordersmallerportions.Besides,customersareencouragedtotaketheirleftovershome.Toreducefoodwasteonsocialmediaplatforms,somepopularvideoplatformshavesteppedupcontentreviewsoffood-relatedlivestreamsandimplementedregulationofonlineeatingshows.Now,ifuserssearchcertainkeywords,suchas“eatingshow"or“competitiveeaters",acautionarymessagepopsuptoremindthemtocherishfoodandkeepareasonablediet.8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproposalmentionedinthepassage?A.Tomonitorfoodsalesonsocialmediaandlive-streaming.B.ToexpandthebusinessandcompetitiveabilityofMeituan.C.Toencouragerestaurantstotakemeasurestoreducefoodwaste.D.TopromotecooperationbetweenMeituanandotherorganizations.9.HowisParagraph3developed?A.Bydoingasurvey. B.Byofferinganalysis.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bygivinganexample.10.Whatisthesuggestionforconsumersinthepassage?A.Purchasingtheirfavoritefood. B.Buyingproperamountsoffood.C.Followingsomecompetitiveeaters. D.Leavingtheirleftoversintherestaurant.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“popsup”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Appearsunexpectedly. B.Spreadswidely.C.Movesquickly. D.Fadesslowly.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。據(jù)調(diào)查，餐桌上的食物奢侈占糧食總產(chǎn)量的10%。上周，美團(tuán)網(wǎng)與一些商業(yè)組織聯(lián)合發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)提案，呼吁餐館停止食物奢侈，幫助消費(fèi)者養(yǎng)成新的飲食習(xí)慣。文章介紹了應(yīng)對(duì)節(jié)約糧食的各種做法?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“LastweekMeituanco-publishedaproposalwithanumberofbusinessorganizations,callingonrestaurantstostopfoodwasteandhelpdevelopneweatinghabitsforcustomers.“Restaurantsshoulduseofficialaccountsonsocialmediaandlive-streamingtopromoteandadvocatefood-savingactions,”theproposalsaid.(上周，美團(tuán)網(wǎng)與一些商業(yè)組織聯(lián)合發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)提議，呼吁餐館停止食物奢侈，幫助消費(fèi)者養(yǎng)成新的飲食習(xí)慣。該提議稱(chēng)：“餐廳應(yīng)利用社交媒體和直播的官方賬號(hào)來(lái)推廣和提倡節(jié)約食品的行動(dòng)”)”可推知，文章中提到的提議的目的是激勵(lì)餐館實(shí)行措施削減食物奢侈。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Cateringassociationsinmorethan18provinceshavealsojoinedthecampaigntoremovefoodwaste.TheWuhanCateringAssociationproposedan“N-1”orderingcodeforrestaurantsinwhichagroupof10dinerswouldonlyorderenoughforninepeople.Morefoodisonlybroughttothetableifrequired.Ithasinspiredpeopletorethinktheirrelationshipwithfoodandwaste.(18個(gè)省的餐飲協(xié)會(huì)也加入了這場(chǎng)消退食物奢侈的運(yùn)動(dòng)。武漢餐飲協(xié)會(huì)提出了“N-1”訂餐代碼，即10人一組只訂夠9人用餐的量。更多的食物只有在須要的時(shí)候才會(huì)被帶到餐桌上。它啟發(fā)人們重新思索他們與食物和奢侈的關(guān)系)”可知，第三段中以武漢餐飲協(xié)會(huì)提出“N-1”方案為例，可推知，第三段是通過(guò)舉例而綻開(kāi)的。故選D。【10題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Meituanandtheorganizationsareadvocatingthatmerchantsofferguidanceforconsumers,includingremindingthemduringtheorderingprocessaboutthetasteoftheingredients,portionsizesandotherinformationaboutthedishes,tohelpthemavoidfoodwasteduetomisleadinginformation.(美團(tuán)和相關(guān)組織提倡商家為消費(fèi)者供應(yīng)指導(dǎo)，包括在點(diǎn)餐過(guò)程中提示消費(fèi)者有關(guān)食材的味道、份量等信息，幫助消費(fèi)者避開(kāi)因信息誤導(dǎo)而造成的食物奢侈)”；倒數(shù)第三段中“TheWuhanCateringAssociationproposedan“N-1”orderingcodeforrestaurantsinwhichagroupof10dinerswouldonlyorderenoughforninepeople.(武漢餐飲協(xié)會(huì)提出了“N-1”訂餐代碼，即10人一組只訂夠9人用餐的量)”以及倒數(shù)其次段“OnFriday,theChinaCuisineAssociationannouncedthatithadteamedupwithEle.me,afooddeliveryplatform,tolauncha“half-dishplan",encouragingrestaurantstoprovidecustomerswiththeoptiontoordersmallerportions.Besides,customersareencouragedtotaketheirleftovershome.(周五，中國(guó)烹飪協(xié)會(huì)宣布與餓了嗎合作。外賣(mài)平臺(tái)餓了么將推出“半份支配”，激勵(lì)餐廳為顧客供應(yīng)點(diǎn)小份的選擇。此外，激勵(lì)顧客把剩菜帶回家)”可推知，文中提到的商家在顧客點(diǎn)菜過(guò)程中提示顧客食物份額的大小，武漢餐飲協(xié)會(huì)提出的N－1方案以及中國(guó)烹飪協(xié)會(huì)與“餓了么”平臺(tái)合作推出的“半份支配”，即文章中對(duì)消費(fèi)者的建議是購(gòu)買(mǎi)適量的食物。故選B?！?1題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“ifuserssearchcertainkeywords,suchas“eatingshow"or“competitiveeaters",acautionarymessage”以及后文“toremindthemtocherishfoodandkeepareasonablediet.”可知，當(dāng)用戶(hù)搜尋與食物有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞時(shí)，警示信息就會(huì)“突然出現(xiàn)，彈出”，提示他們珍惜食物，保持合理飲食。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“突然出現(xiàn)，彈出”。故選A。D“We'vedesignedbuildingsfor100-yearfloods;”saysKevinVanDenWymelenberg,directoroftheInstituteforHealthintheBuiltEnvironment.“Buttherewillbeanotherepidemicoranotherpandemic-ortheremightjustbeanotherfluseason.Let'sgoaheadandlearntodesignforthe100-yearflu.”P(pán)ublichealthofficialsagreethatoneofthesimplestw?ystopreventtheindoorspreadofthevirusistoincreasetheamountofoutsideairthatcomesintoourbuildings.Thesimpleactofopeningawindowcanmeaningfullyreducetheconcentrationofinfectious(感染的)particlesintheair.Butinmanycurrentofficebuildings,thewindowsaren'toperable.Creatingatightairsealinabuildingisoneofthemainstrategiesusedtomakebuildingsmoreenergy-saving.Soarchitectsarenowwrestlingwithhowtoincreaseaircirculationwithoutacceleratingenergyconsumption.Onesolution,accordingtoKevinVanDenWymelenberg,isaspecialtypeofwindowdesign.Thisallowsoutsideairtobewarmedorcooled,asneeded,whenitentersthebuilding.Mostcurrentofficebuildingsusuallyadoptopen-planoffices,whicharesuitableformodernofficework.Butintimeofpandemic,virusesspreadeasilyamongworkersintheoffice.Ratherthansealemployeesintoindividualhard-walledrooms,officedesignerscanpreservethebenefitsofopen-planofficesbyfittingairflowsystemsthatcleantheairbreathedout.Forexample,vents(通風(fēng)口)canbeinstalledatthetopoftheroomtopulloutthecloudofexhaled(呼出的)airandforfreshairtobedeliveredalongthefloor.Thistypeof“biophilicdesign”canincreaseproductivityandimprovephysicalhealth.Whatallthesechangeshaveincommonisthatthey'llhappenonlyifthepubliccontinuetofocusonindoorhealthaftertheacutecrisisofthepandemichaspassed.Inthelongrun,what'sperhapsevenmoreimportantismakingwholeenvironmentssupporthumanimmunefunction.12.AccordingtoKevin,whatisasolutiontoimprovingaircirculationwithoutconsumingmoreenergy?A.Creatingspecially-designedwindows.B.Increasingtheamountofoutsideair.C.Fittingventsatthetopofthebuilding.D.Designingatightairsealinthebuilding.13.Whichofthefollowingmaybeconsidereda“biophilicdesign”?A.Officeswithexhaledair. B.Officeswithairflowsystems.C.Officeswithbigwindows. D.Officeswithindividualrooms.14.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelastparagraph?A.Addingsomebackgroundinformation.B.Explainingtheconceptofindoorhealth.C.Expressingtheexpectationforthefuture.D.Providingthetheoreticalbasisfortheresearch.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SettingupbuildingsgoodfortheenvironmentB.TheneedtoputhumanhealthinthefirstplaceC.Redesigningtheofficeforthenext100-yearfluD.Thesimplestwaytostopindoorspreadofviruses【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹如何對(duì)辦公室進(jìn)行重新設(shè)計(jì)，使得它可以更好地應(yīng)對(duì)和預(yù)防將來(lái)可能出現(xiàn)的病毒?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Onesolution,accordingtoKevinVanDenWymelenberg,isadifferenttypeofwindowdesign.Thisallowsoutsideairtobewarmedorcooled,asneeded,whenitentersthebuilding.（依據(jù)KevinVanDenWymelenberg的說(shuō)法，一個(gè)解決方案是一種不同類(lèi)型的窗戶(hù)設(shè)計(jì)。當(dāng)外部空氣進(jìn)入建筑時(shí)，可以依據(jù)須要對(duì)其進(jìn)行加熱或冷卻。）”可知，解決方案是要設(shè)計(jì)一款特別的窗戶(hù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Ratherthansealemployeesintoindividualhard-walledrooms,officedesignerscanpreservethebenefitsofopen-planofficesbyfittingairflowsystemsthatcleantheairbreathedout…Thistypeof“biophilicdesign”canincreaseproductivityandimprovephysicalhealth.（辦公室設(shè)計(jì)師可以通過(guò)安裝空氣流通系統(tǒng)來(lái)凈化呼出的空氣，這樣就可以保留開(kāi)敞式辦公室的好處，而不必把員工關(guān)在單獨(dú)的硬墻房間里。……這種類(lèi)型的親生物設(shè)計(jì)可以提高生產(chǎn)力和改善身體健康。）”可知，有空氣流通系統(tǒng)的辦公室可以被認(rèn)為是親生物設(shè)計(jì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。從最終一段“Inthelongrun,what'sperhapsevenmoreimportantismakingwholeenvironmentssupporthumanimmunefunction.（從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，或許更重要的是讓整個(gè)環(huán)境支持人類(lèi)的免疫功能。）”可推知，此段表達(dá)作者對(duì)將來(lái)的期盼。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“Buttherewillbeanotherepidemicoranotherpandemic-ortheremightjustbeanotherfluseason.Let'sgoaheadandlearntodesignforthe100-yearflu.（但是將會(huì)有另一場(chǎng)流行病或另一場(chǎng)大流行——或者可能只是另一個(gè)流感季節(jié)。讓我們接著為預(yù)防百年流感學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)。）”及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要說(shuō)的是如何對(duì)辦公室進(jìn)行重新設(shè)計(jì)，使得它可以更好地應(yīng)對(duì)和預(yù)防將來(lái)可能出現(xiàn)的病毒。因此C項(xiàng)“Redesigningtheofficeforthenext100-yearflu（重新設(shè)計(jì)辦公室以應(yīng)對(duì)下一個(gè)百年流感）”適合做本文標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Recently,manyargumentsbetweenanxiousparentsandchildrenontheuseofmobilephoneshavehittheheadlines.Accordingtoasurvey,children'saddictiontoonlinegamesiscloselyrelatedtoparent-childrelations:____16____Tokeepchildrenawayfromsmartphones,parentshavetoreflectontheirownbehaviorandapplythemselvestobuildingharmoniousparent-kidrelationships.First,parentsshouldnotbeoverlyupsetorannoyedwhentheirkidsplayvideogames.Onlinegamesareoneofthemostpopularpastimesforstudents.Andit'sunfairforparentstoblamesmartphonesforalltheproblemsoftheirchildren,includingpoorperformance,lackofambitionandinactivelifestyles.____17____.___18___.Researchshowschildrentreatedasequalsinthefamilyaremoreawareofthenegativeeffectsofonlinegames.Thoseparentswhorespecttheirchildren'sopinionsandpayattentiontotheirneedscansetfamilyruleswiththehelpoftheirchildren.___19___.Andinsuchanatmosphere,childrenmaybeopenabouttheirthoughtsandneeds,andtalktotheirparentsaboutwhattheyreallyfeel.Lastbutnotleast,parentsshouldspendtimewiththeirchildren.____20____.Soparentshavetofindtimefortheirkidsinsteadofsayingtheyaretoobusywithworkorignoringtheirkids’feelings.Inaword,developinggoodparent-kidrelationsisaneffectivewaytokeepordrawkidsawayfromsmanphones.A.Therearesomeotherproblemsthatdeserveparents'attention.B.Besides,someoftheproblemsshouldbeleftfortimetosolve.C.What'smore,itisadvisabletoadoptafriendlywayofparenting.D.Suchproblemsexistedevenwhensmartphonesandvideogameswerenotinvented.E.Thebettertherelationshipis,thelesslikelyakidistobeaddictedtoonlinegames.F.Familymemberscanalsosmoothouttheirdifferencesandreachconsensusestogether.G.Actually,themostvaluablegiftfortheirkidsistime,notmoneyorexpensivepresents.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.F20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章闡述了良好的親子關(guān)系能緩解學(xué)生電子產(chǎn)品運(yùn)用上癮的問(wèn)題，并就此提出相應(yīng)的一些建議，包括：不要一味的把孩子的行為弊端與電子產(chǎn)品聯(lián)系到一起，要同等對(duì)待孩子；要多陪伴孩子?！?6題詳解】考查段中設(shè)空句。考查句子的承接關(guān)系。依據(jù)前句“Accordingtoasurvey,children'saddictiontoonlinegamesiscloselyrelatedtoparent-childrelations:(一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，兒童對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)嬉戲的沉迷與親子關(guān)系親密相關(guān)。)”可知，設(shè)空處作為對(duì)該句的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明說(shuō)明，和諧的親子關(guān)系可以讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)絡(luò)。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Thebettertherelationshipis,thelesslikelyakidistobeaddictedtoonlinegames.(為了讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離智能手機(jī)，父母必需反思自己的行為，努力構(gòu)建和諧的親子關(guān)系。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳解】考查段尾設(shè)空句。依據(jù)前句“Andit'sunfairforparentstoblamesmartphonesforalltheproblemsoftheirchildren,includingpoorperformance,lackofambitionandinactivelifestyles.(父母把孩子的全部問(wèn)題都?xì)w咎于智能手機(jī)，這是不公允的，包括表現(xiàn)不佳、缺乏理想和懶散的生活方式。)”可知，孩子的種種不良表現(xiàn)，在電子產(chǎn)品獨(dú)創(chuàng)之前就存在了。此句是作為對(duì)該段的總結(jié)。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Suchproblemsexistedevenwhensmartphonesandvideogameswerenotinvented.(甚至在智能手機(jī)和視頻嬉戲還沒(méi)有獨(dú)創(chuàng)的時(shí)候，這些問(wèn)題就已經(jīng)存在了。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查段首設(shè)空句。依據(jù)本段“Researchshowschildrentreatedasequalsinthefamilyaremoreawareofthenegativeeffectsofonlinegames.Thoseparentswhorespecttheirchildren'sopinionsandpayattentiontotheirneedscansetfamilyruleswiththehelpoftheirchildren.(探討表明，在家庭中受到同等對(duì)待的孩子更能意識(shí)到網(wǎng)絡(luò)嬉戲的負(fù)面影響。那些敬重孩子看法，關(guān)注孩子需求的父母可以在孩子的幫助下制定家庭規(guī)則。)”可知，本段的核心主題是要采納恰當(dāng)?shù)慕袒瘻贤ǚ绞剑粗睾⒆?，同等?duì)待孩子。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“What'smore,itisadvisabletoadoptafriendlywayofparenting.(更重要的是，明智的做法是實(shí)行一種友好的哺育方式。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【19題詳解】考查段中設(shè)空句。依據(jù)前句“Thoseparentscansetfamilyruleswiththehelpoftheirchildren.(那些敬重孩子看法，關(guān)注孩子需求的父母可以在孩子的幫助下制定家庭規(guī)則。)”可知，全部的家庭成員在共同制定的規(guī)則下，相互敬重，求同存異，達(dá)成理解。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Familymemberscanalsosmoothouttheirdifferencesandreachconsensusestogether.(家庭成員也可以消退分歧，共同達(dá)成共識(shí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【20題詳解】考查段中設(shè)空句。依據(jù)本段的段首句內(nèi)容“Lastbutnotleast,parentsshouldspendtimewiththeirchildren.(最終但并非最不重要的是，父母應(yīng)當(dāng)花時(shí)間和孩子在一起。)”可知，本段的主題是家長(zhǎng)要多花時(shí)間陪伴孩子。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Actually,themostvaluablegiftfortheirkidsistime,notmoneyorexpensivepresents.(事實(shí)上，給孩子們最寶貴的禮物是時(shí)間，而不是金錢(qián)或昂貴的禮物。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。CraigFosterisadiverandwildlifefilmmaker.Oncehewasdivingin____21____coldwaterswhenhesawanoctopus(章魚(yú))，anunbelievablyshycreaturewithmanybehaviorsunknowntoscience,_____22_____undershellsandstones.___23___,hebeganfollowingherwithoutanydisturbance.Forweeksshe____24____him,after26daysofclosewatching,___25___,theoctopusrealizedCraigwasnotadanger,buta(n)_____26_____.She____27____andallowedCraigintoherlife.BothCraigandtheoctopusenjoyedamutual(相互的)learningandexploration.Beforecomingacrosstheoctopus,Craigwasonceinadarkandstressfulperiod.“Iwas_____28_____.Tohelpmyselfout,IfeltlikeIneededtobeintheocean,mygo-tohappyplaceasachild.Luckily,theoctopus,myfriend,broughtakindof_____29_____inmyheart,"herecalled.NowCraigregardsthisdailydiving___30___asawayofdealingwiththedepressionthatoncelefthim____31____anddisconnected.Heisableto____32____intimate(親密的)momentsofthisoctopus'shortlifebyspendingtwohours____33____hereverysingledayforayear.“EverytimeIinteractwithher,it's____34____andhealing,becauseshehas____35____inme.Ifyougainhertrust,shewillallowyoutostepintohersecretworld,”hesaid.___36___himselfintothisfreezingunderwaterworldhascalmedhismind.Overtheyears,otheranimalshaveofferedtomakecontact,butnothinghas____37____tohis“once-in-a-lifetime”____38____withtheoctopus.Craigsaysthegreatest_____39_____shehastaughthimisthathumansarenotsimple_____40_____,butpartofthenaturalworld.21.A.bitterly B.slightly C.closely D.barely22.A.waiting B.playing C.hiding D.dancing23.A.Frightened B.Touched C.Embarrassed D.Overjoyed24.A.learnedfrom B.keptawayfrom C.turnedto D.gavewayto25.A.otherwise B.furthermore C.however D.therefore26.A.colleague B.assistant C.organizer D.friend27.A.reachedout B.triedout C.gaveout D.hungout28.A.hesitating B.preparing C.pretending D.struggling29A.anxiety B.peace C.disappointment D.astonishment30.A.campaign B.competition C.routine D.regulation31.A.lonely B.lively C.ashamed D.surprised32A.discuss B.record C.imagine D.explain33.A.guiding B.seizing C.tracking D.predicting34.A.promising B.annoying C.disturbing D.inspiring35.A.confidence B.satisfaction C.suspect D.respect36.A.Trapping B.Throwing C.Forcing D.Driving37.A.contributed B.referred C.compared D.responded38.A.appointment B.connection C.celebration D.agreement39.A.lesson B.experience C.theory D.morality40.A.attendants B.survivors C.helpers D.visitors【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.B37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。文章通過(guò)講解并描述攝影師Craig與章魚(yú)的友情互動(dòng)，詮釋了人類(lèi)須要與自然界和諧共生?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他在刺骨的冷水中潛水時(shí)，看到了一只章魚(yú)，這是一種羞澀得令人難以置信的生物，有很多未知的行為，躲在貝殼和石頭下面。A.bitterly苦澀地，特別；B.slightly些微地；C.closely緊密地；D.barely僅僅。依據(jù)最終一段中“freezingunderwater”可知水溫很冷，所以選擇bitterly表示“特別地”。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他在刺骨的冷水中潛水時(shí)，看到了一只章魚(yú)，這是一種羞澀得令人難以置信的生物，有很多未知的行為，躲在貝殼和石頭下面。A.waiting等待；B.playing玩耍；C.hiding隱藏；D.dancing跳舞。依據(jù)第一段提示“anunbelievablyshycreaturewithmanybehaviorsunknowntoscience”可知章魚(yú)天性羞澀，所以生活習(xí)慣是喜愛(ài)躲藏，故選“hiding”。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他喜不自勝，起先悄無(wú)聲息地跟著它。A.Frightened膽怯 的；B.Touched感動(dòng)的；C.Embarrassed尷尬的；D.Overjoyed狂喜的。Craig因?yàn)槟芙嚯x視察到章魚(yú)鮮為人知的生活習(xí)慣很驚喜，所以選擇“overjoyed”。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有好幾周的時(shí)間，它都遠(yuǎn)離她，然而，在經(jīng)過(guò)26天的親密視察后，章魚(yú)意識(shí)到Craig并不是一個(gè)危急的人，而是一個(gè)摯友。A.learnedfrom學(xué)習(xí)；B.keptawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；C.turnedto求助于；D.gavewayto給……讓路。上文提到章魚(yú)天生羞澀，所以章魚(yú)剛起先是遠(yuǎn)離他，keptawayfrom符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有好幾周的時(shí)間，它都遠(yuǎn)離她，然而，在經(jīng)過(guò)26天的親密視察后，章魚(yú)意識(shí)到Craig并不是一個(gè)危急的人，而是一個(gè)摯友。A.otherwise否則；B.furthermore此外；C.however然而；D.therefore因此。上文提到章魚(yú)遠(yuǎn)離他，后文提到章魚(yú)把他當(dāng)摯友，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有好幾周的時(shí)間，它都遠(yuǎn)離她，然而，在經(jīng)過(guò)26天的親密視察后，章魚(yú)意識(shí)到Craig并不是一個(gè)危急的人，而是一個(gè)摯友。A.colleague同事；B.assistant助手；C.organizer組織者；D.friend摯友。依據(jù)上文“theoctopusrealizedCraigwasnotadanger,buta”以及后文中“theoctopus,myfriend”可推想，章魚(yú)在和Craig相處過(guò)一段時(shí)間后，起先覺(jué)得他是一個(gè)摯友。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它接納了Craig，讓Craig進(jìn)入她的生活。A.reachedout伸出，接納；B.triedout嘗試；C.gaveout分發(fā)；D.hungout閑逛。依據(jù)后文“andallowedCraigintoherlife”可知，隨著章魚(yú)意識(shí)到他是摯友，“起先接納他”用reachout。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我那時(shí)在掙扎。A.hesitating遲疑；B.