中考復習英語專題突破第14講牛津譯林版八年級下冊Units3-4課件

第14講

Units

3~4知識建構(gòu)第14講

Units

3~4要點梳理詞匯拓展Unit

31.Asia（n.）亞洲→______（n.）亞洲人2.Africa（n.）非洲→________（n.）非洲人3.Europe（n.）歐洲→_________（adj.）歐洲人的4.America（n.）美洲→__________（n.）美國人5.southern（adj.）南方的→______（n.）南方6.international（adj.）國際的→________（adj.）國家的AsianAfricanEuropeanAmericansouthnational7.please（v.）使?jié)M意→________（n.）樂趣→________（adj.）令人高興的8.relax（v.）放松→_______（第三人稱單數(shù)）→________（adj.）放松的→________（adj.）令人放松的9.rule（v.）統(tǒng)治→______（n.）統(tǒng)治者10.Australian（n.）澳大利亞的→_________（n.）澳大利亞11.England（n.）英格蘭→________（n.）英語12.dream（v.）做夢→_________/_______（過去式）→_________/_______（過去分詞）pleasurepleasantrelaxesrelaxedrelaxingrulerAustraliaEnglishdreameddreamtdreameddreamtUnit

41.cooking（n.）烹飪→______（n.）廚師→______（v.）煮飯2.Germany（n.）德國→________（n.）德國人

→________（adj.）德國的3.know（v.）知道→__________（n.）知識4.stomach（n.）胃，腹部→_________（復數(shù)）5.write（v.）寫→______（過去式）→_______（過去分詞）→________（現(xiàn)在分詞）→_______（n.）作家cookcookGermanGermanknowledgestomachswrotewrittenwritingwriter6.ugly（adj.）丑陋的→______（比較級）→_______（最高級）7.tie（v.）捆→______（現(xiàn)在分詞）→_____（過去式/過去分詞）8.success（n.）成功→__________（adj.）成功的→___________（adv.）成功的→________（v.）成功9.sales（n.）銷售量→____（v.）賣10.copy（n.）一本，副本→_______（復數(shù)）11.Canada（n.）加拿大→_________（n.）加拿大（人）的uglierugliesttyingtiedsuccessfulsuccessfullysucceedsellcopiesCanadian重點短語Unit

31.收發(fā)電子郵件

______________________2.搜索信息_____________________3.在……頂部_____________4.元旦前夜___________________5.在……的南端_____________________send

and

receive

emailssearch

for

informationat

the

top

ofon

New

Year’s

Eveat

the

southern

end

of6.日常英語

_____________7.可以，很樂意效勞____________8.由……組成_______________9.20世紀早期_____________________10.關(guān)于……就講這么多____________11.前幾天_____________12.夢想……______________daily

Englishmy

pleasurebe

made

up

ofthe

early

20th

centuryso

much

forthe

other

daydream

of/about13.實現(xiàn)某人的夢想

__________________14.介意做某事_______________15.為……做準備___________16.問路____________17.訂票和旅館______________________18.點餐____________realize

one’s

dreammind

doing

sthprepare

forask

the

waybook

tickets

and

hotelsorder

mealsUnit

41.處理

________2.在某人的空閑時間__________________3.摔倒__________4.筋疲力盡____________5.朝著某人大喊___________6.繼續(xù)做某事_______________________do

within

one’s

spare

timefall

downbe

tired

outshout

at

sbcontinue

doing/to

do

sth7.……等等

__________8.準時________9.到目前為止_______10.從……逃出______________11.上交________12.給我開啟了一個全新的世界________________________________13.每次，依次__________and

so

onon

timeso

farrun

away

fromhand

inopen

up

a

whole

new

world

to

meat

a

time14.拒絕做某事

_______________15.尋求幫助____________16.把……翻譯成……_______________17.給某人信心__________________18.愿意做某事___________________19.一個巨大的成功_____________refuse

to

do

sthask

for

helpo...give

sb

confidencebe

willing

to

do

stha

big

success重點句型Unit

31.______doyouusually______________________（P35）你通常用你的電腦干什么？Whatuseyourcomputerfor2.______

____

____

in

“the

Big

Apple”—New

York,

____

_______

_____

in

the

USA.

（P36）

現(xiàn)在我們到了“大蘋果”——紐約，美國最大的城市。Herewearethebiggestcity3.________

____

is

Times

Square.

（P37）

再往前走就是時報廣場。4.______________New

York.

（P37）

關(guān)于紐約的介紹就到此為止了。FurtheronSomuchfor5.It’s

a

good

place

___

______

after

___

_____

______

______.

（P37）

在一天勞累的工作后，這里是一個放松的好地方。torelaxahardday’swork6.You

can

_______

_____

_______

by

taking

_______

______.

（P42）你可以通過在線旅游實現(xiàn)你的夢想。realizeyourdreamonlinetours7.—Wouldyou_______________mehowtostartthisonlinetour—_______________.（P44）——你介意給我演示一下怎么開始這個網(wǎng)上旅行嗎？——當然不介意。mindshowingOfcoursenot8.—Thanks

for

your

help,

Millie.—_____

________.

（P44）——Millie，謝謝你的幫忙?！挥弥x。Mypleasure9.Australian

seasons

____

____

________

___

ours.

（P44）澳大利亞的四季與我們的相反。aretheoppositeofUnit

41.Haveyoudecided__________________thesebooks,Hobo（P48）Hobo，你已經(jīng)決定怎么處理這些書了嗎？whattodowith2.I

have

to

____

______

___

______

the

box

on

the

fridge.

（P48）我得用它們來夠冰箱上的盒子。3.They______________________of

the

past.

（P49）

它們提升了我對過去的認識。usethemtoreachimprovemyknowledge4.After

our

ship

________

_______

the

rocks,

I

swam

___

____

___

I

could.

（P50）

在我們的船撞到礁石損壞之后，我奮力向前游。5._____________I

finally

felt

the

land

under

my

feet,

I______________.

（P50）

等到我終于感覺到腳下的陸地時，我已筋疲力盡。6.My

arms,

legs

and

hair_________________________.

（P50）

我的胳膊、腿和頭發(fā)都被拴在地上。7.He

was__________________my

little

finger.

（P50）

他和我的小手指一樣大。crashedagainstasfarasBythetimewastiredoutweretiedtothegroundthesamesizeas8.Daniel___________________________thecomputertodraw.（P54）Daniel自學用電腦繪圖。9.___________canI_____thebooks（P58）這些書我可以借多長時間？taughthimselfhowtouseHowlongkeep10.You

______

_____

___

come

to

our

desk

______

_____.

Just

_______

them

online.

（P58）

你不必每次都來我們服務臺，在線續(xù)借即可。don’thavetoeverytimerenew第14講

Units

3~4考點聚焦考點1

一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

1.一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系；而現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時，表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其影響到現(xiàn)在還存在。例如：

I

had

breakfast

an

hour

ago.

我一小時前吃的早飯。（表示過去的動作，不說明現(xiàn)在如何）

I

have

just

had

breakfast.

我剛剛吃過早飯。（強調(diào)吃飯對現(xiàn)在的影響——“我”不餓）

2.一般過去時常和表示過去的具體時間狀語連用，如：yesterday、last

week、in

2008、...

ago等；現(xiàn)在完成時常和模糊的時間狀語連用，如：“since+時間點”、“for+時間段”、so

far、in

the

past

few

years等，或無時間狀語?，F(xiàn)在完成時還常和yet、already、never、just、ever等一些副詞連用。例如：

The

children

went

to

the

zoo

last

Sunday.

孩子們上周日去了動物園。

My

uncle

has

just

bought

a

new

car.

我叔叔剛買了輛新車。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時可以表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，此時動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，這些詞有：study、live、learn、know等。例如：

We

have

known

each

other

for

10

years.

我們認識有十年了?？键c精練1.Mary

_________（explain）

why

she

was

late

just

now,

but

we

didn’t

accept

her

excuse.2.I__________（be）

in

Hong

Kong

for

two

days.3.—Congratulations!

You___big

progress

in

the

past

three

years.—Thank

you,

Mr

Li.

I’ll

never

forget

the

good

times

in

Junior

High.explainedhave

beenCA.make

B.made

C.have

made考點2

“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)1.“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的特殊疑問詞包括疑問代詞who、what、which、whose和疑問副詞when、where、how。例如：CouldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnGeographywell你能就如何學好地理給我一些建議嗎？You’dbetterfindoutwheretoputit.你最好弄清楚把它放在哪里。2.“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以在句中充當主語、賓語、表語、同位語等成分。

3.“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中易錯點歸納:

（1）末尾的動詞是否要加上介詞

He

didn’t

decide

where

to

go.

他還沒有決定去哪兒。

He

didn’t

decide

which

city

to

go

to.

他還沒有決定去哪座城市。

上面第一個句子中的where相當于go的地點副詞，go后面不用加to。第二個句子中的which

city是名詞短語，作go的賓語；go為不及物動詞，后接賓語時一定要加介詞to。（2）末尾的動詞后面是否要加賓語Canyoutellmewhattodo你能告訴我做什么嗎？Canyoutellmehowtodoit你能告訴我怎么做嗎？上面第一個句子末尾不需要it，因為what是疑問代詞，可以作do的賓語；第二個句子中的how是疑問副詞，不能作賓語，所以末尾需要加it。4.有些形容詞短語后面也可接“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，如：besure/afraid/clear等。例如：Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Suzy不確定該向誰求助。Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow你清楚明天何時在大門口見面了嗎？考點精練1.We

don’t

know

___

it

next.

Let’s

go

and

ask

Mr

Li.BA.what

to

do

B.how

to

do

C.what

I

can

do2.—Haveyoudecided___yoursummerholiday—Notyet.MaybeIwillgotoHainanorBeijing.BA.what

to

spend

B.where

to

spend

C.how

to

spend3.—Therearesomanynewdressesintheshop,butIdon’tknow___formydaughter.—WhatabouttheredonewithacartooncatonitIt’sreallylovely.CA.what

to

choose

B.who

to

choose

C.which

to

choose考點3

must和have

to的用法

1.must表示說話人的主觀意志，意為“必須，應該”；當主語為第二、三人稱時表示說話人的要求或命令。must表示推測時，意為“一定，準是”，語氣較肯定，多用于肯定句中。例如：

We

must

get

there

before

7

a.m.

我們必須早上七點前到達那里。

The

book

must

be

Daniel’s.

I

see

his

name

on

the

cover.

那本書一定是Daniel的，我在封面上看到他的名字。

2.表示否定的推測不能用mustn’t，而要用can’t，表示“不可能”。在否定句中，must

not/mustn’t表示“禁止，不允許”。例如：

It

can’t

be

Millie’s.

那不可能是Millie的。

You

mustn’t

smoke

here.

Look

at

the

sign

on

the

wall.

這兒禁止抽煙，看墻上的標識。

3.have

to多表示客觀需要或義務，意為“不得不”。例如：

My

mother

is

ill.

I

have

to

stay

at

home

and

look

after

her.

我媽媽病了，我得留在家里照顧她。

4.have

to有人稱、單復數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。例如：

You

didn’t

have

to

tell

him

about

it.

你不必把這件事告訴他?？键c精練1.It’s

the

library.

So

you

___

know

shouting

is

not

allowed

here.AA.must

B.have

to

C.need2.—CanIswimhere—I’msorry.Children___swimalonehere.BA.couldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.won’t3.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen—Yes,I’mafraidwe___.That’sthetrafficrule.CA.can

B.may

C.have

to考點4

mind的用法1.mind作動詞時，意為“介意”。后接動詞-ing形式或名詞（短語），動詞-ing形式前也可以用形容詞性物主代詞作邏輯主語。它常用于疑問句或否定句。例如：Doyoumind（my）sittinghere你介意我坐這里嗎？2.回答“Would/Doyouminddoing...”時，表示“不介意”，不能用yes，可以用certainlynot或ofcoursenot或notatall；表示反對時可以用betternot或Iamsorry。例如：—Wouldyoumindmythrowingthewastehere你介意我把廢品扔到這里嗎？—Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot./Notatall.當然不介意?！猈ouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow你介意我打開窗戶嗎？—Iamsorryyoucan’t.對不起，不可以。考點精練—Doyoumindmy___here—You’dbetternot.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nosmoking”.CA.smoke

B.to

smoke

C.smoking考點5

against的用法

1.against用作介詞，意為“緊靠”某物或“緊靠”某人，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞等作賓語。例如：

The

man

put

his

bike

against

the

tree.

這名男士把他的自行車靠在樹邊。

2.against用作介詞，意為“碰，撞”在某物或某人身上。例如：

His

new

car

hit

against

the

taxi.

他的新車撞到了那輛出租車。

3.against用作介詞，還可以表示“反對；違反”。例如：

We

shouldn’t

do

anything

against

the

school

rules.

我們不應該做違反校規(guī)的事情?？键c精練She

had

to

sell

the

house

even

though

it

was

___

her

own

wishes.AA.against

B.on

C.for考點6

continue的用法

continue用作及物動詞，表示“繼續(xù)”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：continue

doing

sth（用法類似go

on

doing

sth/carry

on

with

sth/go

on

with

sth）“繼續(xù)做（沒做完的）某件事”；continue

to

do

sth（用法類似go

on

to

do

sth）“（做完一件事后）繼續(xù)做另外的事”。例如：

The

students

will

continue

learning

this

unit.

學生們將繼續(xù)學習本單元。

You’d

better

continue

to

finish

your

task.

你最好繼續(xù)完成你的任務?？键c精練The

boy

continued

_______

（ask）

strange

questions

to

his

teacher.

It

made

the

teacher

unhappy.asking考點7

either的用法

1.either用作副詞，意為“也”。例如：

If

you

don’t

go

to

the

cinema,

I

won’t

go

there

either.

如果你不去看電影，我也不去。

2.【辨析】

as

well、too、also和either

as

well和too常用于肯定句，多置于句末；also常置于肯定句的實義動詞之前，助動詞和be動詞之后；either常用于否定句中，置于句末。例如：

I

have

a

daughter.

He

has

a

daughter

as

well/too.

我有個女兒，他也有個女兒。

We

went

to

the

zoo.

Stephen

also

went

there.

我們?nèi)游飯@了，Stephen也去了。

He

doesn’t

like

Physics

either.

他也不喜歡物理?？键c精練If

he

doesn’t

go

to

the

party,

I

won’t

go

___.BA.also

B.either

C.too考點8

return的用法

1.return用作及物動詞，意為“歸還；送回”，常用在return

sb

sth=return

sth

to

sb“把某物歸還給某人”這個固定搭配中。例如：

Charles

returned

me

the

money.

Charles已經(jīng)把錢還給我了。

You

can

return

the

magazine

to

them.

你們可以把雜志還給他們。

2.return用作不及物動詞，意為“回來；回去”，同義表達為come

back或go

back；return本身就包含back的意思，因此return一般不與back連用。例如：

He

returned

to

China

last

week.

上周他回到了中國?？键c精練We

have

to

___

the

robot

to

the

shop

because

it

doesn’t

work.AA.return

B.borrow

C.lend第14講

Units

3~4寫作指導閱讀習慣

閱讀是語言及其他科目學習中的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)，寫關(guān)于閱讀習慣的習作時，可以從以下幾點展開：1.閱讀的時間選擇，時長安排及喜愛的閱讀書目類型；2.好的閱讀方法分享及其帶來的好處等。3.對閱讀的認識和感受等。常用句型開頭句：1.Reading

plays

an

important

role

in2.It

is

necessary

to

read

a

lot.3.I

usually

spend...reading

books.正文句：1.Ioftenborrowbooksfrom...because2.Iamusedto（doing）3.In

this

way/By

reading,

I

have

improved

my...

and

feel

much

more

confident

than

before.4.In

the

future,

I

plan

to

read...as

often

as

possible.5.That

is

really

helpful.6.Time

always

seems

to

go

fast

when

I

am

reading

interesting

books.結(jié)尾句：1.Books

are

my

good

friends.2.Whenever

I

...,

I

will3.It

makes

me4.Reading

is

always

a

wonderful

time.經(jīng)典例題學校Reading

Club招募新成員，要求每位想?yún)⒓泳銟凡康耐瑢W寫一篇題為“My

reading

habits”的短文，談談自己的閱讀習慣和感受。Sam

想加入俱樂部，請你根據(jù)以下提示幫助他完成這篇短文。1.WhatdoyoureadHowlongdoyoureadeveryweek2.HowdoyoureadWhatdoyougetfromreading3.WhatdoyouthinkofreadingHowdoyoufeelaboutit參考范文My

reading

habits

I

like

reading

very

much.

I

spend

at

least

six

hours

a

week

reading

books.

I

am

especially

interested

in

literary

books.

I

often

borrow

books

from

our

school

library

because

there

are

many

kinds

of

books

there.

I

am

used

to

taking

some

notes

and

copying

down

some

nice

words

and

sentences.

In

this

way,

I

have

improved

my

writing

and

feel

much

more

confident

than

before.

I

also

like

talking

with

my

classmates

about

what

to

read.

We

often

give

each

other

useful

information

about

books.

That

is

really

helpful.

Books

are

my

good

friends.

Reading

is

always

a

wonderful

time

and

it

helps

me

learn

more

about

the

world.第14講

Units

3~4第14講備考練習一、單項選擇。1.—________youreadthisbook—Yes.I________ittwoweeksago.()BA.Did;

read

B.Have;

read

C.Did;

have

read2.We

all

know

that

China,

Thailand

and

Korea

are

all

in

________.

(

)

CA.Africa

B.America

C.Asia3.My

home

is

far

from

my

school.

Luckily,

I

________

to

catch

the

early

bus

every

morning.

(

)

CA.try

B.fail

C.manage4.They

provided

support

for

the

athletes

and

helped

make

the

event

a

great

________.

(

)

AA.success

B.dream

C.shame5.—________didyougobacktotheofficeforthisafternoon—Togetmybag.()AA.Why

B.What

C.How6.—I

need

to

________

my

reading

report

next

week.

But

I

am

still

wondering

what

I

shall

read

now.—Take

it

easy.

Just

choose

the

book

you

like.

(

)

BA.find

out

B.hand

in

C.go

through7.Mike

did

something

________

the

law.

He

was

put

into

prison

by

the

police

at

last.

(

)

CA.for

B.with

C.against8.My

grandpa

lived

a

very

________

life

as

a

child,

so

he

often

tells

me

to

treasure（珍惜）the

happy

life

now.

(

)

CA.fantastic

B.ideal

C.hard9.—Excuseme,whatdotheEnglishinstructionsmean—Sorry,Idon’tknowEnglish________.()BA.also

B.either

C.too10.—MustIfinishmyreporttoday,MrLi—No,you________.YoumayhanditinbeforeFriday.()CA.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.needn’t11.—CouldyoutellmewhowastheruleroftheUSAinthe17thcentury—Sorry.Ihavelittle________ofAmericanhistory.()CA.opinion

B.message

C.knowledge12.Good

books

help

me

relax

and

also

________

a

whole

new

world

to

me.

(

)

BA.turn

up

B.open

up

C.look

up13.—The

Physics

problem

is

too

difficult.

I

don’t

know

________

it

out.—You

can

ask

John

for

help.

He’s

good

at

Physics.

(

)

CA.who

to

work

B.when

to

work

C.how

to

work14.—Excuseme,couldyouhelpmecarrytheheavybox—________.()CA.It

doesn’t

matter

B.Don’t

mention

it

C.With

pleasure15.—DoyoumindifIclosethewindow—________.Letthefreshaircomein.()AA.Of

course

not

B.Yes,

please

C.You’d

better

not二、根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Some

__________（Canada）

are

singing

a

song

at

our

show.2.I

don’t

like

watching

the

game

any

longer.

It’s

so_______（bore）.3.Suzhou

is

a

very

beautiful

city

in

the_________（south）

part

of

Jiangsu.4.This

novel

sells

very

well.

I

ordered

two_______（copy）

online

before

they

were

sold

out.5.The

man

found

himself_______（able）

to

walk,

so

he

asked

for

help.6.Playing

computer

games______（take）

Jack

about

three

hours

a

day.Canadiansboringsoutherncopiesunabletakes7.It’sa________（please）tobeabletohelpyou,Ithink.8.Thenewschoolisbigandmodern,andthereare__________（thousand）ofstudentsinit.9.—WillyougotoseethemovieTheLeftEarwithmethisevening—Sorry,butI__________（see）ittwice.10.UncleYangwillvisitusthisweekend.He_____（tell）methatbyemailyesterday.11.Jimmylost__________（confident）becauseofhisfailure.pleasurethousandshave

seentoldconfidence12.—Sorry,

Amy.

I

have

to

go

to

Mr

Green’s

office.—It

doesn’t

matter.

I

don’t

mind

________（wait）

a

little

longer.13.Berlin

is

the

capital

of_________（German）.

It’s

also

the

largest

city

of

the

country.14.The

factory

was

set

up

in

the

early_________（twenty）

century.15.The

movie

was

a________（succeed）

because

of

the

actors.waitingGermanytwentiethsuccess三、選詞填空。

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式填空。每個單詞限用一次。they

with

just

library

rise

end

matter

when

remember

true

Ten

years

ago,

many

people

thought

that

the

age

of

the

physical

books（紙質(zhì)書）was

coming

to

a（n）1.

..

Soon,

we

would

all

be

reading

on

little

electronic

screens

and

laughing

at

the

memory

of

places

called

“2.

.”

and

“bookshops”.endlibraries

But

it

seems

not3.

.

about

the

idea

of

the

death

of

the

physical

books.

At

least

in

the

UK,

as

The

Guardian

noted,

sales

of

e-books

are

falling

while

sales

of

physical

books

are

4.

..

More

surprisingly,

it’s

young

people

who

are

buying

the

most

physical

books.

Books

become

very

personal

objects

to

reading

lovers.

It

often

starts

5.

.

they

get

the

books.

Many

buyers

of

books

like

to

write

down

6.

.

names

on

the

inside

cover

when

they’ve

bought

one.

And

they

carry

books

around

with

them

everywhere.truerisingwhentheirthey

with

just

library

rise

end

matter

when

remember

true

If

there

is

a

mark

made

on

the

pages

from

coffee

or

food,

it

doesn’t

7.

..

These

small

accidents

make

the

books

even

more

personal.

It’s

just

like

readers

of

physical

books

make

friends

8.

.

them.

The“friendship”

that

people

develop

with

books

isn’t

just

about

feeling.

Research

has

shown

that

readers

9.

.

more

information

from

physical

books

than

electronic

ones.matterwithrememberthey

with

just

library

rise

end

matter

when

remember

true

However,

there

is

no

doubt

that

e-books

are

here

to

stay.

They

aren’t

10.

.

a

“here

today,

gone

tomorrow”

thing.

But

it’s

also

certain

that

physical

books,

which

have

been

in

production

since

the

fifteenth

century,

are

here

to

stay,

too.justthey

with

just

library

rise

end

matter

when

remember

true四、閱讀理解。Ifyouneedtocallyourparentsbutyourphoneisnotwithyou,canyouremembertheirnumbersToremember11numbersisnotdifficult.However,becauseofthesmartphone,manyofusarelosingthisability.What’smore,smartphonesweakenourskillsatgivingdirections,aswellaskillingface-to-facecommunications.Evenwhenfriendsarehavingamealtogether,it’scommonformosttochecktheirphones.

According

to

a

report

by

Kleiner

Perkins

Caufield

Byers,

an

American

company,

Chinese

people

spend

about

170

minutes

on

their

smart

phones

daily.

Many

students