江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題

景德鎮(zhèn)市20232024學年度上學期期末檢測卷高二英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmanypeopleattendedthemeeting?A.13.B.18.C.30.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaguess.B.Boardingtheplane.C.Seeingoffthewoman.3.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Lookafterherkid.B.Typeareport.C.Pickupaclient.4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Acouple.B.Anaccident.C.Acar.5Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atthebeach.B.Inthegym.C.Intheplayground.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Eatout.B.Meetthemanager.C.Dealwithherwork.7.Whatwillthewomanhaveforlunch?A.Pizza.B.Spaghetti.C.Beefnoodles.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Herschoolmate.B.Hermanager.C.Awaiter.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Enjoybeefsteak.B.Buysomedresses.C.Headfortheairport.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthemovie?A.It’sromantic.B.It’sdull.C.It’sinteresting.11.Whatkindofmoviesdoesthemanprobablylike?A.Sciencefictionmovies.B.Horrormovies.C.Actionmovies.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Coworkers.C.Friends.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Callthewoman’sfriend.B.Helpherexplaintherequest.C.Buyheranewtrainticket.14.Whattimeisit?A.4:00p.m.B.2:00p.m.C.1:30p.m.15.Whyisthewomaninarush?A.Herfriendiswaitingforher.BThetrainisleavingsoon.C.ShewantstoleaveSeoulurgently.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gototheticketoffice.B.Printhertrainticket.C.Boardthetrain.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhydidShenJianhuamovetothevillage10yearsago?A.Hewantedtoconcentrateonpainting.B.Hiswifewasinbadphysicalcondition.C.Hehopedtohelpthevillagersearnsomemoney.18.WhendidWangBingxiustarttostudyartintheclub?A.In2012.B.In2019.C.In2022.19.Wheredothepatternspickedbytheseelderlywomenefrom?A.Fruitsandflowers.B.Flowersandbutterflies.C.Butterfliesandfruits.20.WhatdoweknowaboutShenJianhua?A.Hehasheldfournationaltours.B.Hehasopenedacafe.C.Hisworksweresoldfor15,000yuan.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AExhibitionsworthvisitinginLondonin2023Flowery:OrchidsThisannualfestivalisbackinbloom,thistimeinspiredbythebeautyandbiodiversityofCameroon.Justlikepreviousyears,theorchidsarespreadthroughoutthevariouszonesofthePrincessofWalesconservatoryandacpaniedbysculpturesthatarejustascolorfulastheflowersondisplay.AtKewGardens.4February—5March,$16.50—entrancetothegardensincluded.Architectural:VanishingPointsWhileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.Thiscollectionofworks,whichrangefromthepracticaltothefantastical,areallbyarchitectswhohavegatheredsignificantsocialmediafollowings.IntheDigitalUniverseatROCALondon.8February—31July,free.PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeelThelargestUKexhibitiontodateofAmericanpainterAliceNeel’sworkwillbringtogetherherfigurativepiecesfromacrossher60yearcareer.Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,laborleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.It’shightimewehadamajorshowofherworkinLondon,andtheBarbieanhasdulyprovided.AtBarbicanArtGallery.16February–21May,$16.50.FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.ArthistoryhasoftenshonealightonthemenofAbstractExpressionism,suchasJacksonPollockandMarkRothko.Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler,butspreadsthenetwidertoincludethefemaleabstractartistsfromEurope,Asiaandthewiderworld,withwhommostofuswillbeunfamiliar.AtWhitechapelGallery.9February—7May,$16.50—concessionsavailable.1.Whatmightnewlydevelopingdesignersandarchitectstendtodo?A.Togathersignificantsocialmedia.B.Tocreatevirtualarchitecturalstructures.C.TocreateplatformslikeInstagram.D.Todesignpurelyrealarchitecturalstructures.2.WhencanvisitorsappreciateLeeKrasner’sworks?A.OnMarch10. B.OnJanuary7.C.OnFebruary8. D.OnMay8.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheartistAliceNeel?A.Sheis60yearsoldnow.B.Herartworksdon’tintentionallyfollowthemainstream.C.Sheoftenignoredsomemonsubjects.D.SheisthemostpopularAmericanpainterintheUK.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【導語】本文是應用文。文章主要介紹2023年倫敦值得參觀的展覽。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Architectural:VanishingPoints部分“Whileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.(雖然我們喜歡認為建筑純粹存在于現(xiàn)實世界中，但新興設計師和建筑師正在使用Instagram等平臺在虛擬世界中創(chuàng)建結構。)”可知，新興設計師和建筑師正在使用Instagram等平臺在虛擬世界中創(chuàng)建結構。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.部分“Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler(好吧，現(xiàn)在是時候讓這場運動中最重要的女性在展覽中脫穎而出了，其中包括LeeKrasner和HelenFrankenthaler等美國藝術家的作品)”和“AtWhitechapelGallery.9February—7May,$16.50—concessionsavailable.(在白教堂畫廊。2月9日至5月7日，16.50美元優(yōu)惠票可用。)”可知，2月9日至5月7日可以看LeeKrasner的作品展覽，四個選項中A選項3月10日在這個時間范圍內(nèi)。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeel部分“Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,laborleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.(尼爾在抽象作品最受歡迎的時候畫人物，這與流行的風格背道而馳，她畫的是其他藝術家忽視的主題——孕婦、勞工領袖、黑人兒童、民權活動家和奇怪的表演者。)”可知，尼爾在抽象作品最受歡迎的時候畫人物，這與流行的風格背道而馳，所以，她的作品并非有意追隨主流。故選B。BAfewweeksago,Ipulledanoldroadmapoutofmygloveboxandhandedittomykids.They’dneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,askingaboutallthetowns,parksandotherlandmarkswe’dvisited,andIpointedthemoutonthemap.DigitalmapsandGPSaremodernwondersthathavegottenmeoutofmanyconfusingplaces,butpapermapsstillhavearoletoplayinourlives.Mostofusadultslearnedtoreadthemoutofnecessity,butit’suptoustopassonthatskilltochildrenwhoseneedmaynotbesoobvious,butwhostillwillbenefitfromit.AsTrevorMuirwroteinanarticleonthistopic,“Whenkidslearnhowtocreateandusepapermaps,theyaredoingmorethanjustlearninghowtogetaround.Theyareactuallydevelopingafundamentalskillthattheywillusefortherestoftheirlives.Mapreadingskillstillbelongsintoday’sclassroom.”Asachild,IhadNationalGeographicmapstapedtomybedroomwalls.ThisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI’d“seen”.Evennowasamotheroffour,I’vealsosparedtimetotraveltomanyofthecountrieswhosemapsIstudiedasachild.Additionally,inthisfastchangingworld,unexpectedeventscanrapidlyinfluenceone’susualwayoflife.WhenGPSsatellitesorInternetconnectionsareaffected,thisoldfashionedskillcangetyououtofamesswithoutrequiringasmartphone.Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.4.Howdidthechildrenreactwhengiventhepapermap?A.Theyseemedtotallyconfused.B.Theyshowedgreatcuriosity.C.TheyfounditlessconvenientthanGPS.D.Theyrecognizedthelandmarksthemselveseffortlessly.5.Whatbenefitsdoestheauthormentionregardingtheuseofpapermapsforchildren?A.TheypromoterelianceonGPStechnology.B.Theyprovideinstantconvenienceandaccuracy.C.Theyenhancecuriosityandimagination.D.Theygetridoftheneedforsmartphones.6.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?A.Papermapsarealreadyoutofdate.B.Internetconnectionsarealwaysreliable.C.GPSwillsoonerorlaterreplacepapermaps.D.Papermapsprovidekidswithagrandvision.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoTeachKidstoSurviveintheWildB.TimetoTeachKidstoReadPaperMapsC.HowtoTeachKidstoRecognizeStrangePlacesD.TimetoEncourageKidstoExploreaRealWorld【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章中作者分享了給自己的孩子們展示紙質(zhì)地圖時，他們充滿好奇的情景，以及自己小時候使用紙質(zhì)地圖的經(jīng)歷，向讀者表明紙質(zhì)地圖對我們的生活依然很重要，學習如何使用它對孩子們有很多益處，因此主張父母應該教給孩子使用紙質(zhì)地圖的技能?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“They’dneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,askingaboutallthetowns,parksandotherlandmarkswe’dvisited(他們從未見過安大略省像這樣陳列出來。他們盯著它，詢問我們?nèi)ミ^的所有城鎮(zhèn)、公園和其他地標)”推知，孩子們對這張紙質(zhì)地圖非常好奇，詢問地圖上的各種地標。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI’d“seen”.(這喚起了我對那些地方的好奇心和想象力，從而使我渴望記住我的地理和歷史課程，因為它們與我“看到”的地方有關)”可知，作者提到使用紙質(zhì)地圖能夠激發(fā)孩子的好奇心與想象力。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.(最后但并非最不重要的一點是，紙質(zhì)地圖能激發(fā)孩子們的宏觀思維，讓他們知道外面有一個更大的世界，并幫助他們進入這個世界)”可知，作者認為紙質(zhì)地圖為孩子們提供了一個宏大的視野，幫助他們進入更大的世界。故選D項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.(所以，現(xiàn)在是時候拿出那些滿是灰塵的舊地圖，把它們放在廚房的桌子上了)”可知，作者結合給自己的孩子們展示紙質(zhì)地圖，以及自己小時候使用紙質(zhì)地圖的經(jīng)歷，向讀者表明紙質(zhì)地圖對我們的生活依然很重要，學習如何使用它對孩子們有很多益處，主張父母應該教給孩子使用紙質(zhì)地圖的技能。因此，B項“是時候教孩子看紙質(zhì)地圖了”契合文章大意，最適合作為標題。故選B項。CAtthe202223ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalsonMay14,sportsweargiantNikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatusesrecycledsneakersasrawmaterials.ThecourtisscheduledtobepletedinGuangzhoubytheendofJuly.CooperatingwiththeChinaSchoolSportsFederation,NikelaunchedtheenvironmentalprotectioncharityprojectfortheCHBL202223Season.TheprojectencouragestheinvolvementofCHBLplayers’coaches,basketballenthusiastsandconsumersinthecollectionandrecyclingofoldsportshoes.Throughadvancedtechnology,thrownawaysportshoeswillbeprocessedandusedintheconstructionofthefirsteverCHBLthemedecofriendlybasketballcourt.Overthepasttwomonths,theoldsportshoescollectionbinshavetraveledalongsidetheCHBLtourmakingstopsatthefourmajorregionaltournamentsheldintheeast,west,southandnorthofChina.Thebinshavegoneintoschools,includingTsinghuaHighSchoolinBeijingandHuipuMiddleSchoolinTaizhouZhejiangprovince,spreadingthespiritsofCHBLandinspiringitsplayerstobeerolemodelsnotonlyonthebasketballcourt,butalsointheireverydaylives.FamousfemalebasketballplayerHanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionofusedshoesandexpressedhersupportfortheprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,secretarygeneraloftheCSSF,saysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheirbasketballskillsbutalsopromotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.“Inadditiontoexpandingtheleague’ssizeandinfluence,wehavealsoaddedenvironmentaleducationintotheprogram.Environmentaleducationplaysanimportantroleinshapingsociety’scorevalues.Itguidesyoungindividualstowardunderstandingtheimportanceofenvironmentalissues,formingaproperattitudeontherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature,andraisingtheirenvironmentalawarenessandpractices.Itservesasanendlesssourceofdevelopingenvironmentalconsciousnessthroughoutsociety.”TheconstructionoftheecofriendlybasketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike’smitmenttosupportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputtingenvironmentalsustainability(持續(xù)性)atthefirstplace8.Whichistrueaboutthebasketballcourtmentioned?A.ItisbuiltbyNikewithoutanyhelp B.ItisbuiltoutofrecycledsportshoesC.Ithasalreadybeenputintouse D.Itdoesharmtotheenvironment9.WhatisHanXuandZhangLei’sattitudetowardthebasketballcourt?A.Doubtful B.Negative C.Indifferent D.Supportive10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.CHBLattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentprotection.B.Nikebuildssuchabasketballcourtformakingmoremoney.C.Onlybasketballplayersbenefitfromtheconstructionofthecourt.D.Environmentaleducationhasnoconnectionwithsociety’scorevalues.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitle?A.WaystoRecycleThrownawaySportShoesEffectivelyB.TheImportanceofJointlyProtectingtheEnvironmentC.EcofriendlyBasketballCourttobepletedinGuangzhouD.TheBenefitsofLivinginHarmonywithNatureforHumans【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文是篇說明文。在5月14日舉行的202223中國高中藍球聯(lián)賽全國總決賽上，運動服裝巨頭耐克宣布將建造一個使用回收運動鞋作為原材料的環(huán)?；@球場，這一活動得到各方人士的大力支持，標志著耐克在支持年輕籃球迷的同時，將環(huán)境可持續(xù)性放在首位的承諾邁出了重要的一步。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Atthe202223ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalsonMay14,sportsweargiantNikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatusesrecycledsneakersasrawmaterials.(在5月14日舉行的202223中國高中籃球聯(lián)賽(CHBL)全國總決賽上，運動服裝巨頭耐克宣布將建造一個使用回收運動鞋為原材料的環(huán)保型籃球場。)”可知，文中提到的籃球場是由回收的運動鞋建造的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“FamousfemalebasketballplayerHanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionofusedshoesandexpressedhersupportfortheprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,secretarygeneraloftheCSSF,saysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheirbasketballskillsbutalsopromotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.(著名女籃球運動員韓旭積極參與舊鞋收集活動，并通過個人社交媒體渠道表達了對該項目的支持。中國籃球聯(lián)合會秘書長張磊表示，中國籃球聯(lián)合會不僅幫助年輕球員和青少年提高籃球技術，而且還促進了校園籃球文化的發(fā)展。)”可知，韓旭和張磊對環(huán)保籃球場持支持態(tài)度。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Inadditiontoexpandingtheleague’ssizeandinfluence,wehavealsoaddedenvironmentaleducationintotheprogram.(除了擴大聯(lián)盟的規(guī)模和影響力，我們還在項目中加入了環(huán)境教育。)可知，CHBL在聯(lián)賽中加入了環(huán)境教育，可見非常重視環(huán)境保護。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中“ThecourtisscheduledtobepletedinGuangzhoubytheendofJuly.(該球場將于今年7月底在廣州完工。)”和最后一段“TheconstructionoftheecofriendlybasketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike’smitmenttosupportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputtingenvironmentalsustainability(持續(xù)性)atthefirstplace.(環(huán)保籃球場的建設標志著耐克在支持年輕籃球迷的同時，將環(huán)境可持續(xù)性放在首位的承諾邁出了重要的一步。)可知，本文主要講述了將在廣州完工的由耐克公司建造的環(huán)?；@球場，C項“EcofriendlyBasketballCourttobepletedinGuangzhou(廣州環(huán)?；@球場即將竣工)”符合題意。故選C。DAlargeamountofgreatscientificdiscoveriesisnotactuallydiscoveredbutborrowed.Thatwasthecasewhenscientistsdiscoveredproteinsfromanunlikelylender:greenalgae(綠藻),whosecellsaremodifiedwithproteinsthatcansenselight.Thelightsensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneurons(神經(jīng)元)byprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbeelightcontrolled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuoHuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics(光遺傳學).InPan’slab,lightresponsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.Optogenetics’promisewasn’tclearinearlydays,asscientistswerefirstlearninghowtousetheseproteinsinneurons.“Atthattime,nooneexpectedthatthisoptogeneticworkwouldhavesuchahugeimpact,”Pansays.Thealgae’slightsensorshavebeenadoptedforuseincountlessbrainresearchfields.Talia,anotherscientist,usesoptogeneticstostudyconnectionsbetweencellsinthemousebrain.Themethodallowshertobtherelationshipsbetweencellsthatproduceandrespondtodopamine(多巴胺),whichmighthelpuncoverdetailsaboutmotivationandlearning.Sofar,optogeneticsresearchhastakenplacemostlyinmice.Butfindingsintomoreplexbrainslikehumanbrainmaysoonbeconfirmed.“Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theoriginofneurons. B.Thevarietiesofneurons.C.Thediscoveryofgreenalgae. D.Theinspirationfromgreenalgae.13.WhatcanwelearnfromPan’sresearch?A.Thefindingsareusedtocurebraindiseases.B.Impairedeyesightislikelytoberestored.C.Relationshipsbetweencellshavebeenfound.D.Thelightsensingproteinisthekeytothebrain.14.What’sYasmine’sattitudetowardsthefutureofherresearch?A.Confident. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Unclear.15.Whichsectionisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Health. B.Botany. C.Figure. D.Invention.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了科學家們?nèi)绾螐木G藻中發(fā)現(xiàn)能感知光的蛋白質(zhì)，并利用這些蛋白質(zhì)進行神經(jīng)元的控制?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thelightsensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneuronsbyprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbeelightcontrolled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuoHuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics.(這種光感應蛋白通過提供開關來控制神經(jīng)元，從而保證了控制神經(jīng)元的能力。這種能力在2002年首次被注意到，并迅速引起了腦科學家的注意：通過基因工程產(chǎn)生這種蛋白質(zhì)的神經(jīng)細胞變得光控。一道閃光可以使一個安靜的神經(jīng)元發(fā)出信號，或者迫使一個活躍的神經(jīng)元停止活動?！斑@就是我們需要的光傳感器，”科學家潘卓華說，他正在尋找一種控制老鼠眼睛視覺細胞的方法。這種方法現(xiàn)在被稱為光遺傳學。)”可知，第二段主要講來自綠藻的啟發(fā)。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“InPan’slab,lightresponsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.(在潘的實驗室里，光反應蛋白使視力受損的老鼠恢復了視力，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)已用于人體醫(yī)學試驗。)”可知，根據(jù)Pan的研究，受損的視力有可能得到恢復。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中““Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.(哥倫比亞大學的Yasmine說:“我們無疑即將揭開人類大腦的一些迷人原理，比如大腦是如何將來自眼睛的信號轉(zhuǎn)化為感知的?！?”可知，Yasmine對她研究的未來充滿信心。故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)文章最后一段話“Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.(無論這個快速發(fā)展的領域接下來會發(fā)生什么，有一件事是肯定的：大腦科學家將永遠欠藻類的債。)”可知，文章主要講述了科學家們?nèi)绾螐木G藻中發(fā)現(xiàn)能感知光的蛋白質(zhì)，并利用這些蛋白質(zhì)進行神經(jīng)元的控制，文章與生命健康有關。由此推知，短文來自健康專欄。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，共12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。What’syourfeelingifyourfriendremendsaedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseofhumor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.____16____YetaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarebornwithorwithout.____17____What’smore,findingourfunnysidesmakesusappearmorepetentandconfident,strengthensrelationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesituation.____18____IturnedtoAakerandBagdonasandtheyagreedtoteachmehowtofindmyfunnybones.Inourfirstcall,wediscussthemonmisconceptionsthatstopmanyofusinouredytracks.Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebeliefthathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyatwork.____19____.But98%ofthetopexecutivessaytheypreferemployeeswithasenseofhumorand84%ofbossesbelievethoseemployeesdobetterwork.Theyaresoconvincedofthepowerofhumorthattheyalsoadvocateitsabilitytohelppeopleavoiddifficultsituations.____20____Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzlearetwiceaslikelytobesuccessfulandwhenwedomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositiveimpactonourpsychology.Ittakesoffthepressureandifyoushowcolleaguesthatyouaren’tafraidtolaughatyourownmistakes,they’llfeelsaferowninguptotheirs.A.Rather,itcanbedevelopedgradually.B.Weworryaboutnotbeingtakenseriously.C.Ifyoufeelunfortablemakingthejokes,leavethemtosomeoneelse.D.Everyjokefollowsthefundamentalstructureofsetupandpunchline.E.Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupforthehumorcourse.F.Somepeoplejustaren’tfunnyandI’moneofthem.G.Humorhasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativity.【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.B20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幽默的好處?！?6題詳解】由上文“What’syourfeelingifyourfriendremendsaedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseofhumor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.(如果你的朋友向你推薦一個喜劇班，暗示你缺乏幽默感，你會作何感想?我會感到沮喪。)”可知，上文指出作者感覺很沮喪，空處應該是解釋作者為什么沮喪，F(xiàn)選項“Somepeoplejustaren’tfunnyandI’moneofthem.(有些人就是不好笑，而我就是其中之一)”符合題意，承接上文。故選F。【17題詳解】由上文“YetaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarebornwithorwithout.(然而，根據(jù)JenniferAaker和NaomiBagdonas的說法，幽默不是與生俱來的)”可知，上文說幽默不是與生俱來的，空處應該是說明幽默是可以逐漸培養(yǎng)的，A選項“Rather,itcanbedevelopedgradually.(相反，它可以逐步發(fā)展)”承接上文，符合題意，故選A。【18題詳解】由上文“What’smore,findingourfunnysidesmakesusappearmorepetentandconfident,strengthensrelationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesituation.(更重要的是，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有趣的一面會讓我們看起來更有能力和自信，加強人際關系，釋放創(chuàng)造力，讓我們更討人喜歡。它在任何生活情況下都有幫助。)”可知，此處介紹了幽默的好處，因為幽默有這么多好處，所以人們才愿意報一些幽默課程，E選項“Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupforthehumorcourse.(這就解釋了為什么人們，會急切地報名參加幽默課程)”承接上文，和上文構成因果關系。故選E?！?9題詳解】由上文“Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebeliefthathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyatwork.(Aaker說，首先要相信幽默在某些情況下沒有立足之地，尤其是在工作中。)”可知，Aaker說幽默在某些情況下沒有立足之地，尤其是在工作中，空處應該是解釋為什么Aaker會這么說，B選項“Weworryaboutnotbeingtakenseriously.(我們擔心別人不把我們當回事)”符合題意，即在某些情況下人們是不能幽默的，因為我們擔心說一些幽默的話，別人會把我們不當回事。故選B?！?0題詳解】由下文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzlearetwiceaslikelytobesuccessfulandwhenwedomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositiveimpactonourpsychology.(研究表明，在解謎前看搞笑視頻的人成功的可能性是常人的兩倍，當我們犯錯時，學會笑對我們的心理有積極的影響。)”可知，幽默能提高人們的創(chuàng)造力，使人們更有可能獲取成功，G選項“Humorhasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativity.(幽默已經(jīng)被證明可以提高創(chuàng)造力)”對下文進行總結，指出幽默的好處，其中“proved”和下文“Researchshows”相呼應，故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共15題，每題1分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.Eightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwatchingthesunriseatthewaterfront.“Icallit’liferising’becauseitmakesmefeel____21____beforestartingmyday,”saidNixon.Laterawomansaidsomethingthatchangedhisonhisdailyroutine.“Shesaid,‘EverymorningwhenIseeyou____22____here,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,’”Nixonrecalled.“That’swhenIknew:Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeoplewalkingpastknowthatweare____23____toeachother.”Insteadofstaringatthesunrise,Nixonstarted____24____atpeopleandstrikingup____25____.Andsoon,moreearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes____26____theirtroubles,askinghimforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,and____27____problems.“Iwashappytolisten,”Nixonsaid.“Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn’thavetofeel____28____.”So,everymorning,Nixonrisesat4:30.Hedrivessevenmilestothewaterfrontwherehe’ll____29____fortwohours.Hispresenceandhis_____30_____tolisteninghaveledsometonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.Whilemostpeoplesimplywaveor_____31_____brieflytomakesmalltalk,othersare_____32_____tospendafewminuteswithsomeonewhowill_____33_____.Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantsto_____34_____Nixonlendsanear.“Youhavetohaveanopenheartbecauseyouneverknowwho’sgoingtowalkupandwhattheymightneed,”Nixonsaid.“Everypersonwhostopsbythebench_____35_____myundividedattention.”21.A.surprised B.occupied C.centered D.amused22.A.standing B.sitting C.lying D.jogging23A.important B.familiar C.grateful D.unique24.A.smiling B.shouting C.pointing D.wondering25.A.friendships B.conversations C.action D.understanding26.A.gettingover B.goingthrough C.pouringout D.puttingaside27.A.public B.casual C.special D.personal28.A.embarrassed B.alone C.shy D.sorry29.A.stand B.exercise C.observe D.stay30.A.alertness B.openness C.contribution D.attention31.A.dropby B.dropoff C.dropout D.dropback32.A.proud B.cheerful C.satisfied D.anxious33.A.listen B.smile C.appear D.understand34.A.solve B.consult C.air D.declare35.A.arouses B.deserves C.focuses D.enjoys【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.A32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Nixon每天早晨坐著長椅上和人們交流，認真傾聽別人的傾訴，被人們稱為“陽光市長”的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Nixon說：“我稱它為‘生活上升’，因為它讓我在開始新的一天之前感到集中?！盇.surprised驚奇的；B.occupied被占領的；C.centered居中的，集中的；D.amused逗樂的。根據(jù)前文“watchingthesunriseatthewaterfront”可知，注視日出能讓Nixon感到精神集中。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“她說，‘每天早上看到你坐在這里，我就知道一切都會好起來的，’”Nixon回憶說。A.standing站；B.sitting坐；C.lying躺；D.jogging慢跑。根據(jù)前文“fromabenchwatchingthesunrise”可知，Nixon坐在長椅上看日出。故選B項。23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“那時我就知道：我需要眼神交流，讓路過的人知道我們對彼此很重要?！盇.important重要的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.grateful感激的；D.unique唯一的。根據(jù)后文“Ineededtomakeeyecontact”以及“Insteadofstaringatthesunrise,Nixonstarted____4____atpeopleandstrikingup____5____.”可知，Nixon需要和人交流，并且知道了和過路人交流是重要的。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Nixon不再盯著日出，而是開始對人們微笑，開始攀談。A.smiling微笑；B.shouting喊叫；C.pointing指點；D.wondering想知道。根據(jù)語境和前文“Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeoplewalkingpastknowthatweare____3____toeachother.”及后文“Iwashappytolisten”可知，Nixon開始對人們微笑，高興地與人交流。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.friendships友誼；B.conversations對話；C.action行動；D.understanding理解。根據(jù)后文“Andsoon,moreearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes____6____theirtroubles,askinghimforadvice