江蘇省宿遷市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE27江蘇省宿遷市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀本留意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡肯定交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whendidthespeakersmeetlasttime?A.Oneyearago.B.Twoyearsago.C.Threeyearsago.2Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.IntheForbiddenCity.B.Atabusstation.C.Inthestreet.3.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandPeggy?ABossandemployee.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Neighbors.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Changingareservation.B.Makingareservation.C.Checkingareservation.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anitemofclothing.B.Theweather.C.Ashop.其次節(jié)((共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesMr.Brownthinkofthegift?A.Special.B.Interesting.C.Useful.7.WhatisMr.BrownprobablygoingtodothisChristmasholiday?A.Stayathome.B.Goonatrip.C.Visitsomefriends.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howdidthewomanknowaboutherfavoriteadvertisement?A.Fromherphone.B.Fromacomputer.C.Fromtelevision.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherfavoriteadvertisement?A.Ittoldastoryaboutastepfather.B.Itcouldbefoundinmanypublicplaces.C.Itwasperformedbywell—knownactors.10.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardadvertisements?A.Supportive.B.Ambiguous.C.Disapproving.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesn'tJaymove?A.Heisshortofmoney.B.Helikeswherehelivesnow.C.Hiswifedoesnotwanttomove.12.WhatdoesMollyadviseJaytodo?A.Savemoneyasmuchashecan.B.Makeadecisionwithintwodays.C.Buyahouseinaspecialway.13.Whoownsahouseboughtfromthegovernment?A.Jay'sson.B.Molly'saunt.C.Jay'saunt.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whenwillthespeakersmeetthisweek?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.15.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Gooutfordinner.B.Haveadrinkatabar.C.WatchaDVDathome.16.WhereisOrangeTree?A.OnChurchRoad.B.OnPotterStreet.C.OnOrangeStreet.17.Atwhattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.6:40.B.7:10.C.7:20.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whowouldmostlikelysufferfromdepressionaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Thosewhooftensenttextmessages.B.Thosewhosufferedfromheartdisease.C.Thosewhodidnophysicalexercise.19.Howdidstudentsbehavewhentheytoldalie?A.Theysentlongmessages.B.Theyrespondedmoreslowlythanusual.C.Theytyped10percentfasteronaverage.20.Whatisthethirdpieceofnewsmainlyabout?A.Whymarriagehelpsfightcancer.B.Howunmarriedpeoplesurvivecancer.C.Whetherchemicaltherapyworks.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AShoppingEurope'sbusiestshoppingstreetLondonisashopper'sparadiseandoneofthebestplacestogoisOxfordStreet.Selfridges,oneoftheworld'sfirstdepartmentstore,ishere.ThereareatleastfourothermajorstoresandEuropean'slargestmusicshop.InDecembertheChristmaslightsarealwaysswitchedonbyafamousperson.NearbyinRegentStreetisHamleys.Thisisthebiggesttoystoreintheworld,openedin1881.AllthingsforallpeopleAfashionableareaforshoppingisKensingtonHighStreet.Youcanbuyclothes,cosmeticsandaccessorieshereandthere'sanorganicfoodsupermarket.HarrodsinKnightbridgehas330differentdepartmentsandsellsabsolutelyeverything,fromelectronicgoodsandjewellerytopetfoodandfurniture.Thefoodhallisspectacularandifyoufeelhungry,youcanchoosefrom32differentrestaurants.MarketsYoucan'tleaveLondonwithoutvisitingamarket.OneoftheoldestisBoroughmarket.Walkaroundandlookatthefreshfish,bakeries,andfruitandvegetablesellers.Youcanalsobuyspecialistfood,likecheese,porkpiesandchutney.Forantiques,jewelleryorcollector’sitemsgotoPortobelloRoadonaSaturday.Youneverknowwhatyouwillfind.Ifyoulikebrowsingforjewelleryandgifts,thereisnothingbetterthanCoventGardenmarket.Therearelotsofcafeshereandalwayssomekindofstreetentertainment.OutsidethecityTiredofcitylife?Mostmedium—sizedtownsinBritainhaveregularfarmers'markets.Herelocalproducersselltheirfood,drinkandhandicrafts—theywillusuallyletyoutrythebread,cakesorwinebeforeyoubuy.OnemarkettowncalledTotnesevenintroduceditsowncurrency.Nowseventylocalbusinessesacceptit.1.WhichplaceinLondonisamusicfan'sparadise?A.KensingtonHighStreet. B.RegentStreet.C.OxfordStreet. D.HarrodsinKnightbridge.2.Whyaremarketsrecommendedtovisitors?A.BecausetheoldestBoroughmarketisfullofsnacksandvegetables.B.Becauseantiques,jewelleryorgiftsmaygobeyondyourexpectations.C.BecausevisitorscangotoPortobelloRoadtochooseantiquesonSundays.D.Becausevisitorscantrythelocalbread,cakesorwineaftertheybuy.3.What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.TointroducereaderstoBritaincultures.B.Topresentreaderswithguidelinesinlife.C.Toinstructreadersinthehistoryofshops.D.Toinformreadersofsomespecialtyshops.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了倫敦的一些特色商店。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Europe'sbusiestshoppingstreet”部分第三句“ThereareatleastfourothermajorstoresandEuropean'slargestmusicshop.”(至少還有其他四家大型商店和歐洲最大的音像店。)和第一句“Londonisashopper'sparadiseandoneofthebestplacestogoisOxfordStreet.”(倫敦是購(gòu)物者的天堂，牛津街是最好的去處之一。)可知，在倫敦牛津街是樂(lè)迷的天堂。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Markets”部分第五句到第七句“Forantiques,jewelleryorcollector’sitemsgotoPortobelloRoadonaSaturday.Youneverknowwhatyouwillfind.Ifyoulikebrowsingforjewelleryandgifts,thereisnothingbetterthanCoventGardenmarket.”(對(duì)于古董、珠寶或保藏品，請(qǐng)?jiān)谥芰巴鵓ortobello路。你恒久不知道你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)什么。假如你喜愛(ài)閱讀珠寶和禮物，沒(méi)有什么比考文特花園市場(chǎng)更好的了。)可知，向游客舉薦市場(chǎng)是因?yàn)楣哦?、珠寶或禮物可能超出預(yù)期。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Europe'sbusiestshoppingstreet”部分其次句“Selfridges,oneoftheworld'sfirstdepartmentstore,ishere.”(世界上最早的百貨公司之一塞爾弗里奇就在這里。)，第三句“ThereareatleastfourothermajorstoresandEuropean'slargestmusicshop.”(至少還有其他四家大型商店和歐洲最大的音像店。)，最終兩句“NearbyinRegentStreetisHamleys.Thisisthebiggesttoystoreintheworld,openedin1881.”(攝政街旁邊是哈姆雷。這是世界上最大的玩具店，1881年開(kāi)業(yè)。)，“Allthingsforallpeople”部分第三句“HarrodsinKnightbridgehas330differentdepartmentsandsellsabsolutelyeverything,fromelectronicgoodsandjewellerytopetfoodandfurniture.”(奈特布里奇的哈羅德百貨公司有330個(gè)不同的部門(mén)，銷(xiāo)售的東西無(wú)奇不有，從電子產(chǎn)品和珠寶到寵物食品和家具。)等可知，文章的目的是向讀者介紹一些特色商店。故選D。BWhatdoyoudowiththethingsyoulove?Youprobablytakecareofthemandkeepthemsafe.That’snotwhatCameronPaynedoes.TheboyfromNorthCarolinaissharinghisloveofbooksbygivingthemaway.WhenCameronheardaboutafamilywholosteverythinginahousefire.Hewaslookingforawaytohelpthem.Hewassadthatalloftheirbooksweredestroyed.That’swhenhecreatedhisprogram,whichgivesbooksawaytopeopleinneed.Cameron’sprogramcollectsbooksforyoungpeopleofallagesandreadinglevels.Hecollectsbooksforkidswhoareblindorwithlowvision,too,becausehewantseveryonetohavebooks.Cameronknowsthatbookscanhelpkidsthinkabouttheirfuture.Theydothisbyhelpingkidsdreamaboutwhattheymightbewhentheygrowup.Learningaboutnewthingscangivekidsnewinterests.Sixyearslater,Cameronisstillgivingawaybooks.Manyofthebookshegivesawayweregiventohimbyothers,butCameron’sgrandmotheralsoshopsforbooksthatdon’tcostalot.Shebuysbooksthatareneworthatlooknew.Inadditiontoworkingwithschools,Cameronandhisgrandmothergivebookstochildreninplacesneartheirhome,suchashospitals,libraries,anddaycamps.Cameronwantstokeephisprogramgoingandgrowing.Overthepastsixyears,hehasgivenawaymorethan3,000books.Hehasalsowonmanyprizesforhiswork.Hisprogramhasgrownovertheyears,too.LastChristmas,Cameronwasabletogiveawaytoysandbooks.CameronPayneismakingadifferenceinkids’livesbygivingawaythethingsheloves.Whoneedshelpinyourcommunity?Howmightyouhelp?4.WhatcausedCamerontocreatehisprogram?A.Hisownbooksdestroyedbyafire.B.Someone’slosingallthebookstoafire.C.Hishouse’sbeingconsumedbyafire.D.Somebody’ssadnessabouttheaccident.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecollectedbooksaccordingtoparagraphs3-4?A.Childrenwithhearinglosscanreceivenewbooks.B.Booksaregiventochildrenwithadvancedlevels.C.Childrenhavenointerestinnewbooksatall.D.Cameron’sgrannymakescontributionstobookcollection.6.Whydoestheauthorputtwoquestionsinthelastparagraph?A.Becausetheauthorwantstoappealtopeople’ssenseofjustice.B.Becausetheauthorwouldliketoattractreaders’interest.C.Becausetheauthorintendstocallonpeopletohelpothers.D.Becausetheauthorplanstoleaveadeepimpressiononreaders.7.WhichwordsbestdescribeCameron’spersonality?A.Selfishanddistant. B.Selflessandhelpful.C.Passionateandhopeful. D.Confidentandoptimistic.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)來(lái)自北卡羅來(lái)納州的男孩CameronPayne通過(guò)送書(shū)的方式來(lái)共享他對(duì)書(shū)籍的酷愛(ài)。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“WhenCameronheardaboutafamilywholosteverythinginahousefire.Hewaslookingforawaytohelpthem.Hewassadthatalloftheirbooksweredestroyed.That’swhenhecreatedhisprogram,whichgivesbooksawaytopeopleinneed.(當(dāng)Cameron聽(tīng)說(shuō)有一家人在一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)中失去了一切。他在想方法幫助他們。他很難過(guò)他們?nèi)康臅?shū)都被毀了。就在那時(shí)，他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，把書(shū)送給有須要的人)”可知，因?yàn)橛腥嗽诨馂?zāi)中失去了全部的書(shū)，所以Cameron創(chuàng)建了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Manyofthebookshegivesawayweregiventohimbyothers,butCameron’sgrandmotheralsoshopsforbooksthatdon’tcostalot.Shebuysbooksthatareneworthatlooknew.(Cameron贈(zèng)送的很多書(shū)都是別人送給他的，但Cameron的祖母也會(huì)自己買(mǎi)不貴的書(shū)。她買(mǎi)新的或看起來(lái)新的書(shū))”可知，Cameron的祖母為收集書(shū)本做了貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Cameronwantstokeephisprogramgoingandgrowing.(Cameron想讓他的項(xiàng)目接著發(fā)展下去)”和最終一段中“Whoneedshelpinyourcommunity?Howmightyouhelp?(社區(qū)中誰(shuí)須要幫助？你能幫上什么忙？)”可知，作者在最終一段提出了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是因?yàn)樽髡呦胩?hào)召人們?nèi)椭鷦e人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“TheboyfromNorthCarolinaissharinghisloveofbooksbygivingthemaway.(這個(gè)來(lái)自北卡羅來(lái)納州的男孩通過(guò)送書(shū)的方式來(lái)共享他對(duì)書(shū)籍的酷愛(ài))”和最終一段的“Overthepastsixyears,hehasgivenawaymorethan3,000books.（在過(guò)去的六年里，他已經(jīng)捐贈(zèng)了超過(guò)3000本書(shū)）”可知Cameron是無(wú)私的；第三段中“Cameronknowsthatbookscanhelpkidsthinkabouttheirfuture.Theydothisbyhelpingkidsdreamaboutwhattheymightbewhentheygrowup.Learningaboutnewthingscangivekidsnewinterests.(Cameron知道，書(shū)籍可以幫助孩子們思索他們的將來(lái)。它們幫助孩子幻想他們長(zhǎng)大后可能成為什么樣的人。學(xué)習(xí)新事物能給孩子們帶來(lái)新的愛(ài)好)”和最終一段中“CameronPayneismakingadifferenceinkids’livesbygivingawaythethingsheloves.(CameronPayne通過(guò)共享他所愛(ài)的東西變更了孩子們的生活)”可知Cameron是樂(lè)于助人的，因此，Cameron是一個(gè)無(wú)私和樂(lè)于助人的人。故選B項(xiàng)。CBackin2011,archaeologistsfirstdiscoveredalosthighwaylitteredwithVikingartifacts(古器物)—sleds,horsebones,walkingsticks,a1,700—year—oldsweaterandheapafterheapofhorsedung.Butnowarchaeologistshavediscoveredsomuchmore.They'vepublishednewresearchdescribinghundredsofitemsthathavebeenfoundalongLendbreenpass:shoes,partsofsleds,andbonesfrompackhorses.Itwouldhaveremainedhiddenforeverhadtheicenotrapidlybegunmelting,revealingallthatroadsideVikinglitter.ThehighwaywindsitswayovertheLendbreenicepatch(流冰區(qū))inNorway'sJotunheimMountains,about200milesnorthofOslo."ThepasswasatitsbusiestduringtheVikingAgearound1,000A.D.,atimeofhighmobilityandgrowingtradeacrossScandinaviaandEurope,"studyco—authorJamesBarrettsaid.Accordingtoresearchers,thehighwaywaspossiblybuiltaroundtheyear300.Atthetime,heavysnowcoveredrocksunderfoot.TradingpostswerebuiltalongthenearbyOttaRiver.Theroadmayhavethrivedformanymorecenturies.“ThedeclineoftheLendbreenpasswasprobablycausedbyacombinationofeconomicchanges,climatechangeandlatemedievalpandemics(中世紀(jì)流行病),includingtheBlackDeath,”studyco—authorLarsPiloexplained.“Whenthelocalarearecovered,thingshadchanged,andtheLendbreenpasswaslosttomemory.”“Theobjectsareamazinglywellpreserved,”studyco—authorEspenFinstadadded.“Itisliketheywerelostashorttimeago,notcenturiesormillenniaago.”Forarchaeologists,theLendbreenicepatchseemslikeagiftfromtheancientpast.Butit'salarmingthatit'sunwrappingitselfsorapidly."Globalwarmingisleadingtothemeltingofmountainiceworldwide,"saidPilo.“Tryingtosavetheremainsofameltingworldisaveryexcitingjob—thefindsarejustanarchaeologist'sdream—butatthesametime,itisalsoajobyoucannotdowithoutdeepworry.”8.Howmanyarchaeologistsjoinedeffortstopublishthenewresearch?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Growweakly. B.Developbadly.C.Growhappily. D.Developsuccessfully.10.Fromthelastparagraph,whatfeelingdothearchaeologistshaveaboutsavingtheremainsofmeltingworld?A.Excitedandconcerned. B.Satisfiedanddisappointed.C.Delightedanddepressed. D.Astonishedanddiscouraged.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Anancienthighwaylosttomemory. B.Ahistoryofthelosthighway.C.Themysteryofthelosthighway. D.Howtofindtheancienthighway.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了考古學(xué)家首次發(fā)覺(jué)一條遺失在記憶中的古老馬路?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三、五和六段分別提到studyco—author(探討合著者)：JamesBarrett、LarsPilo和EspenFinstad，所以是三名考古學(xué)家參加了這項(xiàng)新探討。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞前句“Accordingtoresearchers,thehighwaywaspossiblybuiltaroundtheyear300.Atthetime,heavysnowcoveredrocksunderfoot.TradingpostswerebuiltalongthenearbyOttaRiver.(據(jù)探討人員稱，這條馬路可能是在300年左右修建的。當(dāng)時(shí)，大雪覆蓋了腳下的巖石。貿(mào)易站建在旁邊的奧塔河。)”可推斷，這條路可能已經(jīng)旺盛了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。所以thrived為“勝利地發(fā)展”之意。故選D。10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“"Globalwarmingisleadingtothemeltingofmountainiceworldwide,"saidPilo.“Tryingtosavetheremainsofameltingworldisaveryexcitingjob—thefindsarejustanarchaeologist'sdream—butatthesametime,itisalsoajobyoucannotdowithoutdeepworry.”(“全球變暖正在導(dǎo)致世界各地的高山冰溶化?！逼ぢ逭f(shuō)：“試圖挽救這個(gè)正在溶化的世界的遺跡是一項(xiàng)特別激烈人心的工作——發(fā)覺(jué)這些遺跡只是考古學(xué)家的幻想——但同時(shí)，這也是一項(xiàng)你不能不憂心忡忡的工作?！?”可知，考古學(xué)家對(duì)挽救正在溶化的世界的遺跡既興奮又擔(dān)憂。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Backin2011,archaeologistsfirstdiscoveredalosthighwaylitteredwithVikingartifacts(古器物)—sleds,horsebones,walkingsticks,a1,700—year—oldsweaterandheapafterheapofhorsedung.(早在2011年，考古學(xué)家首次發(fā)覺(jué)了一條失落的馬路，上面散落著維京時(shí)代的文物——雪橇、馬骨、手杖、一件1700年前的毛衣和一堆又一堆的馬糞。)”、第五段“Whenthelocalarearecovered,thingshadchanged,andtheLendbreenpasswaslosttomemory.(“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)貜?fù)原元?dú)鈺r(shí)，狀況發(fā)生了變更，倫布林山口消逝在人們的記憶中。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了考古學(xué)家首次發(fā)覺(jué)一條遺失在記憶中的古老馬路。故選A。DNewlyreleasedimagesoftheSuntakenbythepace-basedNASAHigh-resolutionCoronalImagertelescope(高辨別率日冕成像儀望遠(yuǎn)鏡)arethehighest-resolutionpicturesofourstarevertaken.AccordingtoScientistsfromtheUniversityofCentralLancashireandNASA'sMarshallSpaceFlightCenter,thesepicturesrevealthatthesun'satmosphereismuchmorecomplexthanfirstthought.PartsoftheSun'satmosphere,thoughttobedarkormostlyempty,areinfactfilledwithstrands(縷)ofhotelectrifiedgases311mileswide.Eachofthosestrandsareupto1.8milliondegreesFahrenheit,accordingtoresearchers.Whatexactlycreatedthesestrandsremainsunclear,althoughitwillnowbecomeafocusforresearchers.NASA'sHi-CtelescopecanpickoutstructuresintheSun'satmosphereassmallas43milesinsizeorabout0.01percentofthetotalsizeofthestar.Itwasabletocapturetheincrediblytinymagneticthreadsinthe"darkareas".TheHi-Ctelescopeisauniqueastronomicaltelescopecarriedintospaceonarocketflight.ThetelescopelaunchestotheedgeofspacewhereitthencapturesimagesofthestareverysecondbeforereturningtoEarthafterfiveminutes.Dr.AmyWinebarger,Hi-Cprincipalinvestigator,stated:"ThesenewHi-CimagesgiveusaremarkableinsightintotheSun'satmosphere.Alongwithongoingmissions,thisfleetofspace-basedinstrumentinthenearfuturewillrevealtheSun'sdynamicouterlayerinacompletelynewlight.Scientistswilldebatewhythestrandsareformedandhowtheirpresencehelpsusunderstandtheeruptionofsolarflares(太陽(yáng)耀斑)andsolarstorms.ThoseareeventsfromtheSunthatcoulddirectlyaffectlifeonEarth.TomWilliams,aresearcherwhoworkedontheHi-Cdata,saidtheimageswouldhelpprovideagreaterunderstandingofhowtheEarthandSunrelatedtoeachother.“ThisisafascinatingdiscoverythatcouldbetterinformourunderstandingoftheflowofenergythroughthelayersoftheSunandeventuallydowntoEarthitself.Thisissoimportantifwearetomodelandpredictthebehaviorofourlife-givingstar.”hesaid.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.TheSun'satmospherewasfullofstrandsofhotelectrifiedgases.B.TheSun'satmosphereisconsideredtobefilledwithdarknessandemptiness.C.ScientiststhinktheSun'satmosphereisascomplicatedaswhatwasexpected.D.Scientistsnowconcentrateonwhatexactlygeneratedthesestrands.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheHi-Ctelescope?A.Itisincapableoftakingthehighest-resolutionpicturesoftheSun.B.ItcanrecognizethestructureoftheSun'satmosphere.C.IthasbeenlaunchedtotheedgeoftheSunonarocketflight.D.Itiscapableofcapturingimagesofthestareveryfiveminutes.14.WhyarethesenewHi-Cimagessoremarkable?A.TheywillmaketheSun'sdynamicouterlayerknownfromanewangle.B.Theywillhelpscientistsfigureouthowthestrandscomeintobeing.C.Theywillhelpscientistsworkoutwhysolarflaresandsolarstormserupt.D.TheywillrevealthelittleeffectsofsolarflaresandsolarstormsonlifeonEarth.15.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytalkabout?A.TheimportanceoftheSuntoEarth.B.HowscientiststakepicturesoftheSun.C.Thehighest-resolutionpicturesoftheSun.D.WhatfunctionstheHi-Ctelescopepossesses.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文主要講解并描述了最新公布由高辨別率日冕成像儀望遠(yuǎn)鏡拍攝到的辨別率最高的太陽(yáng)圖片，它們以全新的方式揭示太陽(yáng)的動(dòng)態(tài)外層?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Whatexactlycreatedthesestrandsremainsunclear,althoughitwillnowbecomeafocusforresearchers.(原委是什么造成了這些絲還不清晰，不過(guò)這將成為探討人員的焦點(diǎn)。)”可推知，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在集中探討是什么產(chǎn)生了這些一縷縷的炙熱的帶電氣體，故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“NASA'sHi-CtelescopecanpickoutstructuresintheSun'satmosphereassmallas43milesinsizeorabout0.01percentofthetotalsizeofthestar.(NASA的Hi-C望遠(yuǎn)鏡可以識(shí)別出太陽(yáng)大氣中的小到43英里(約為太陽(yáng)總大小的0.01%)的結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可知，它能識(shí)別太陽(yáng)大氣層的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“ThesenewHi-CimagesgiveusaremarkableinsightintotheSun'satmosphere.Alongwithongoingmissions,thisfleetofspace-basedinstrumentinthenearfuturewillrevealtheSun'sdynamicouterlayerinacompletelynewlight.(這些新的高溫圖像讓我們對(duì)太陽(yáng)的大氣層有了深刻的了解。隨著正在進(jìn)行的任務(wù)，在不久的將來(lái)，這批太空儀器將以全新的方式揭示太陽(yáng)的動(dòng)態(tài)外層。)”可知，這些新的Hi-C圖像是值得矚目的，因?yàn)樗鼈儗囊粋€(gè)新的角度了解太陽(yáng)的動(dòng)態(tài)外層，故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“NewlyreleasedimagesoftheSuntakenbythepace-basedNASAHigh-resolutionCoronalImagertelescope(高辨別率日冕成像儀望遠(yuǎn)鏡)arethehighest-resolutionpicturesofourstarevertaken.(最新公布的太陽(yáng)圖像是由NASA高辨別率日冕成像儀拍攝的，這是迄今為止拍攝到的辨別率最高的太陽(yáng)圖像。)”可知，本文主要講解并描述了最新公布由高辨別率日冕成像儀望遠(yuǎn)鏡拍攝到的辨別率最高的太陽(yáng)圖片。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AsanEnglishlearner,wesometimesgetquestionslikethis:“HowcanIspeakEnglishwithmoreconfidence?"Thatisagreatquestion.____16____Today,wehaveseveralpiecesofadvicetohelpyou.Everyday,themostimportantpersonyoutalktoisyourself.That'stosay,yourownthoughtsmatter.IfyoulackconfidenceasanEnglishspeaker,youmaysaythingslike,"Englishistoohard""I'msosorryformyEnglish."What'sworse,youaresuretostartbelievingthem.____17____Tosoundmoreconfident,speakloudlyandslowlyenoughsothatpeoplecaneasilyhearyou.ManyEnglishlearnersworrythatspeakingtooslowwillmakethemsoundinexperienced.____18____Soavoidworryingthatyouarespeakingtooslowforthepeoplearoundyou.____19____Ifyouarenotconfident,youmaytrytosayaslittleaspossible.Forexample,ifaskedwhatpeople'sfavoritecoloris,anEnglishlearnermaygiveashort,directresponselike,"blue",whileanativeEnglishspeakerislikelytosay,“Well,tobequitehonest,Idon'treallyhaveanactualcolor,butIguessImaygoforsomethinglikeblueorgrey.”ReadingoutloudcanhelpbuildconfidenceinhowyourEnglishsounds.Listwordsyouhavetroublesayingandlaterchecktheirpronunciation.____20____Soavoidcheckingwordmeaningsinadictionarywhilereading.A.Butyouaremorelikelytomakemistakesifspeakingtoofast.B.Takeafewminutestoreadthematerialsthatyouenjoyaloud.C.Soreplaceunhelpfulthoughtswithbetteroneswhenspeaking.D.UsinglongsentencesshowsthatyouspeakEnglishconfidently.E.Learnersshouldreadforpleasureandenjoywhattheyarereading.F.Speakincompletesentencesandgivelongerresponseswhenpossible.G.Whateverlanguagewearelearning,wewouldalllovetospeakconfidently.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.F20.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者如何自信地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)提出了幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)前文“AsanEnglishlearner,wesometimesgetquestionslikethis:“HowcanIspeakEnglishwithmoreconfidence?"”(作為一個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者，我們有時(shí)會(huì)遇到這樣的問(wèn)題：“我怎樣才能更自信地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)？”)可知，此處是講自信地說(shuō)外語(yǔ)，所以選項(xiàng)G“無(wú)論我們?cè)趯W(xué)什么語(yǔ)言，我們都想要自信地說(shuō)?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選G?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)前文“IfyoulackconfidenceasanEnglishspeaker,youmaysaythingslike,"Englishistoohard""I'msosorryformyEnglish."”(假如你作為一個(gè)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人缺乏自信，你可能會(huì)說(shuō)“英語(yǔ)太難了”“我為我的英語(yǔ)感到愧疚。”)可知，選項(xiàng)C中的unhelpfulthoughts是指認(rèn)為自己的英文很差，依據(jù)前文“That'stosay,yourownthoughtsmatter.”(也就是說(shuō)，你自己的想法很重要。)可知，因?yàn)槟阕约旱南敕ê苤匾砸煤玫南敕ù鏌o(wú)用的想法。所以選項(xiàng)C“所以說(shuō)的時(shí)候，用更好的想法來(lái)代替無(wú)用的想法?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選C?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)前文“Tosoundmoreconfident,speakloudlyandslowlyenoughsothatpeoplecaneasilyhearyou.”(要想聽(tīng)起來(lái)更自信，說(shuō)話要大聲，語(yǔ)速要慢，這樣人們就可以很簡(jiǎn)潔地聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)話。)可知，作者主見(jiàn)慢而大聲地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，再依據(jù)前文“ManyEnglishlearnersworrythatspeakingtooslowwillmakethemsoundinexperienced”(很多英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者擔(dān)憂說(shuō)得太慢會(huì)使他們聽(tīng)起來(lái)缺乏閱歷)可知，此處應(yīng)是講說(shuō)得太快會(huì)有什么壞處，選項(xiàng)A“但假如說(shuō)得太快，你更簡(jiǎn)潔出錯(cuò)?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xA。【19題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifaskedwhatpeople'sfavoritecoloris,anEnglishlearnermaygiveashort,directresponselike,"blue",whileanativeEnglishspeakerislikelytosay,“Well,tobequitehonest,Idon'treallyhaveanactualcolor,butIguessImaygoforsomethinglikeblueorgrey.””(例如，假如被問(wèn)到人們最喜愛(ài)的顏色是什么，一個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者可能會(huì)給出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短、干脆的回答，比如“藍(lán)色”，而一個(gè)以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人可能會(huì)說(shuō)，“嗯，醇厚說(shuō)，我沒(méi)有真正的顏色，但我猜我可能會(huì)選擇藍(lán)色或灰色之類的顏色。”)可知，作者主見(jiàn)用完整的句子盡可能給出較長(zhǎng)的回答。所以選項(xiàng)F“用完整的句子說(shuō)話，盡可能給出較長(zhǎng)的回答?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xF。【20題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Soavoidcheckingwordmeaningsinadictionarywhilereading.”(所以在閱讀的時(shí)候避開(kāi)查字典里的詞義。)可知，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)明在閱讀的時(shí)候避開(kāi)查字典里的詞義的緣由，所以選項(xiàng)E“學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)當(dāng)為歡樂(lè)而閱讀，享受他們正在閱讀的東西。”切合文意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThisFather’sDaycertainlyseemsdifferenttome.My___21___asafatherduringthepandemic(大流行)hastaughtmesomethingnewandspecialaboutfatherhood.I’maphotographerandhavetotravelfrequently.___22___,livinginisolationbroughtmeclosertomysonDiego.We___23___everycornerofthehousetogether:readingonthesofa,watchingmoviesinthebedroomandgrillingontheroof.Now___24___alwaysyelling,“Mommy,Mommy,”mysonscreams,“Daddy!”Thatmakesme___25___.I’msothankfulforthisunexpectedgiftofadeeper___26___withmyson.Onourfirstdayoffreedomaftertwomonthsofisolation,IdiscoveredDiegohadlosthisfamiliaritywith___27___.Whilevisitingaparkinthecity,Inoticedthathewaseven___28___ofants.SomywifeandIarrangedatriptothe___29___.Myfatherjoinedusand,foracoupleofdays,three___30___-myfather,mysonandI-foundourselveswalkinginthewoods.Thepandemicallowedmetotakethetimeto___31___onwhatitmeanstobeafather,withthehonoranddutyto___32___myparents’teachingstomyson.Ofcourse,Ireally___33___thetimeIspentworkinginthefield.ButI've___34___alotoftimewithmyfamily,especiallywithmy___35___.Iusedtothinkthatwithoutphotography,Iwasnothing.NowIseethat,withoutlove,Iamlessthannothing.21.A.knowledge B.promise C.experience D.performance22.A.Gradually B.Hopefully C.Strangely D.Luckily23.A.enjoyed B.cleared C.searched D.decorated24.A.dueto B.regardlessof C.alongwith D.insteadof25.A.confused B.delighted C.embarrassed D.surprised26.A.communication B.relationship C.cooperation D.satisfaction27.A.people B.society C.nature D.art28.A.afraid B.fond C.aware D.ashamed29.A.beach B.museum C.streets D.mountains30.A.branches B.generations C.categories D.divisions31.A.reflect B.impress C.count D.comment32.A.bringup B.showoff C.passon D.writedown33.A.imagine B.forget C.regret D.miss34.A.gained B.spared C.wasted D.saved35.A.wife B.son C.father D.mother【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.D25.B26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。在疫情期間，與世隔絕的生活讓“我”離兒子迭戈更近了。“我”意識(shí)到了和家人在一起的時(shí)間的寶貴和重要性。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在疫情期間，我作為父親的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教會(huì)了我一些關(guān)于做父親的新而特殊的東西。A.knowledge學(xué)問(wèn)；B.promise承諾；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.performance表演。依據(jù)“duringthepandemic”可知，此處是指在大流行期間“我”作為父親的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，與世隔絕的生活讓我離兒子迭戈更近了。A.Gradually慢慢地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Strangely驚奇地；D.Luckily幸運(yùn)地。依據(jù)前文“I’maphotographerandhavetotravelfrequently.”（我是個(gè)攝影師，常常出差。）可知，因?yàn)槌３３霾?，所以在與世隔絕時(shí)和兒子變得親近是一件幸運(yùn)的事。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一起享受房子的每一個(gè)角落：在沙發(fā)上看書(shū)，在臥房里看電影，在屋頂上燒烤。A.enjoyed享受；B.cleared清理；C.searched搜查；D.decorated裝飾。依據(jù)“readingonthesofa,watchingmoviesinthebedroomandgrillingontheroof”可知，“我”們一起享受房子的每一個(gè)角落。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我的兒子不再總是大喊“媽媽，媽媽”，而是尖叫“爸爸！”A.dueto因?yàn)?；B.regardlessof不顧，不管；C.alongwith連同……一起；D.insteadof而不是。依據(jù)“mysonscreams,'Daddy!'”可知，此處是指而不是總是大喊“媽媽，媽媽”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我很興奮。A.confused困惑的；B.delighted興奮的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.surprised驚異的。依據(jù)“I’msothankfulforthisunexpectedgift”（我如此感謝這份意料之外的禮物）可知，這讓“我”很興奮。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我特別感謝這份意外的禮物，讓我和兒子的關(guān)系更加密切。Amunication溝通；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.cooperation合作；D.satisfaction滿足。依據(jù)“l(fā)ivinginisolationbroughtmeclosertomysonDiego”可知，此處是指“我”和兒子的關(guān)系更加密切。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在經(jīng)過(guò)兩個(gè)月的隔離后，我們獲得自由的第一天，我發(fā)覺(jué)迭戈已經(jīng)失去了對(duì)自然的熟識(shí)。A.people人們；B.society社會(huì)；C.nature自然；D.art藝術(shù)。依據(jù)“foundourselveswalkinginthewoods”（在森林中發(fā)覺(jué)自己）可知，此處是指迭戈已經(jīng)失去了對(duì)自然的熟識(shí)。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在參觀城市里的一個(gè)公園時(shí)，我留意到他甚至膽怯 螞蟻。A.afraid膽怯 的；B.fond喜愛(ài)的；C.aware意識(shí)到的；D.ashamed慚愧的。依據(jù)“Diegohadlosthisfamiliaritywithnature”可知，此處是指他甚至膽怯 螞蟻。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我和妻子支配了一次爬山旅行。A.beach沙灘；B.museum博物館；C.streets街道；D.mountains山。依據(jù)“foundour