湖北省鄂北六校2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷【含答案解析】

2023—2024學(xué)年下學(xué)期高二期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分考試用時(shí)：120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼上的信息，將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.請(qǐng)按題號(hào)順序在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.選擇題用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選答案的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題用黑色簽字筆在答題卡上作答；字體工整，筆跡清楚。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikerightnow?A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Cloudy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Itwassunnythismorning,butnowitsbecomingcloudy.We’dbettergetthejacketsandrainbootsoutofthegarage.M:You’reright.Itmightrainintheafternoon.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whereshouldthewomanputthelaundrysoap?A.Inthecloset. B.Inthecupboard. C.Ontheshelf.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whenyou’refinished,putthebrushbackinthecloset(壁櫥).Thelaundrysoapgoesinthecupboard.W:Iknow.Andthetowelsshouldbeputontheshelf.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthemanwanttogotothepalace?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bytaxi.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’salongwalktothepalace.Shouldn’twetakeataxi?M:We’llmissalloftheinterestingsights.Wecouldtakeabus,though,andgetoffthebuswhereverwelike.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Amoviestar. B.Aconcert. C.Adress.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thisdresswouldlookniceonyou,madam.Isawapictureofamoviestarwearingonelikethisataconcert.W:Yes,Ilikeit,butI’mlookingforsomethinglessexpensiveandmoresuitableforwork.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthedatetoday?A.The22nd. B.The25th. C.The28th.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:DidImissyourbirthday,Rachel?Ithoughtitwasonthe22ndandit’salreadythe25th.W:No,mybirthdayhasn’tarrived.It’sonthe28th.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6Whyisthewomanconcernedaboutthedessert?A.Shedoesn’tlikecheese.B.Shedoesn’tlikesweets.C.Shecan’teatmilkproducts.7.Howdoesthemaneatthedessert?A.Byitself. B.Withwater. C.Withtea.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:ComeandtrythisIndiandessert,Denise.W:Thanks,butisthereanycheeseinit?Idon’tlikecheese.M:Don’tworry.It’smadeofmilk,butter,sugar,andnuts.W:Itsoundsveryrich.M:Weonlyeatoneortwopieceswithteaafterdinner.W:Thatisn’tverymuch.Whatkindofteadoyouhave?M:Well,weusuallyhaveteawhichismixedwithmilk.Somepeoplelikeitplain,butsomepeopleputsugarinit.Wesitaroundandtalkoverteaanddessert.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthemandelivering?A.Flowers. B.Balloons. C.Tires.9.Whendoesthepartystart?A.At2:00p.m. B.At7:00p.m. C.At6:00p.m.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Ineedtohavemycarrepaired.Itneedsanewtire.CouldIborrowyourstodeliversomeflowers?W:Ineedittodaybetween10:00a.m.and2:00p.m.tocollectballoonsforthebirthdayparty.Youcanuseitafterthataslongasyouarecareful.M:Iwill.Oh,wearehavingapartythisevening,aren’twe?W:Yes.Thepartystartsat7:00p.m.M:Icandriveyoutothepartyaswellifyoulike.Ishouldbefinishedby6:00p.m.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Friends.11.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Advantagesofplayingsports.B.Schoollife.C.Families.12.What'sMandy’sproblem?A.Shefeelslonely. B.Sheisoverweight. C.Shecan’tfocusinclass.【答案】10.A11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:Didyouknowanotherbenefitofmakingourchildrenplaysports?M:Timealone?W:Imeantabenefitforthem.M:Well,itwillhelpGreglosesomeofhisextrafatness.W:Besidesthat,doyouknowit’sgoodfortheirbrains?AstudywasjustdoneonthissubjectbyauniversityinChicago.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhoplaysportscanconcentrateoncertainthingsbetter,likesounds.Sportsalsomakeyoucalmerinside,aswellasbetterabletohealwhenyougethurt.M:Mandyhasahardtimeconcentratinginclass.Ifthisistrue,playingasportshouldhelpherdobetterinschool.W:I'mgoingtosignthemupforsoccerandtennislessonstoday.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Readabooktohim. B.Returnabooktohim. C.Recommendabooktohim.14.Whatdidthemanlastread?A.WarandPeace.B.GreatExpectations.C.TheHistoryofJewsinRussia.15.Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanwanttoreadnow?A.Moreseriousliterature. B.Onesaboutfamilylife. C.Best-sellers.16.Whocouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Abookstoreassistant. B.Anauthor. C.Alibrarian【答案】13.C14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodafternoon.Areyoulookingforaparticularbook?M:Idon‘treallyknowwhattoreadnext.Isthereanythingyourecommend?W:Tellmewhatsubjectsyou’reinterestedin.M:Oh,manydifferentones.W:Well,whichbookdidyoujustreturn?M:ItwasTheHistoryofJewsinRussia.W:So,youmustbeinterestedinhistory.M:Alittle.Iwasmainlyreadingthatbooktofindoutmoreaboutmygrandfather’sfamily.W:Isee.Andwhatdoyouusuallyreadforfun?M:Comicbooks.ButnowIwanttoreadmoreseriousliterature,likeWarandPeace.W:That’salongandheavybook.I'mgoingtorecommendsomethingalittleeasiertostartwith.It'sfictionwithsomehistoryincludedinthestory.M:Whoistheauthor?W:AfamousEnglishwriternamedCharlesDickens.Youcanstartwithoneofhismostwell-Knownworks,GreatExpectations.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatwasthespeaker’sfinaldestination?A.Paris. B.Vienna. C.Moscow.18.Howlatedidthespeakeroriginallythinkshewokeup?A.30minutes. B.10minutes. C.5minutes.19.Whatwasinthebackpack?A.Apenandanotebook. B.Herglasses. C.Aticket.20.Howdidthespeakerfeelintheend?A.Angry. B.Happy. C.Worried.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:IwasinatrainstationinParis.IhadaticketforVienna,andfromthereallthewaytoMoscow.Iwasinahurry,becauseIhadwokenuphalfanhourlate.Mytrainwasscheduledtoleavein10minutes.TheproblemwasthatIcouldn’tfindtherighttrack.Ilookedatthescheduleboardbutcouldn’tseeanyinformationlisted.Irealizedthatinmyhurry,Ihadforgottentoputmyglasseson.Fortunately,Ialwayskeptaspareinmybackpack.Ireachedintothebackpack,butIfoundonlyapenandanotebookinthere!Only5minutesuntilthetrainwouldleave!Iwenttotheticketwindowandknockedonitbutnoonewasthere.Allofasudden,myeyesflewopen.Iwasstillinbed,andthealarmhadn’tgoneoffyet.Igotupimmediately,andwashappythatIhadn’tmissedmytrain.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASheridanCollegeislocatednearToronto,Canada,consistingofDavisCampus,TrafalgarRoadCampusandHazelMcCallionCampus.Itoffersavarietyofscholarshipsandservicestostudents.Oneofitsadvantagesisthatitofferson-campusresidencesapartfromhome-stayalternativesforinternationalstudents.Sheridanoffersthreeon-campusresidences—oneattheDavisCampusandtwoattheTrafalgarRoadCampus.TheDavisresidenceinBramptonhouses350students.TheTrafalgarRoadresidencesinOakvillecollectivelyhouse824students.StudentsattendingtheHazelMcCallionCampuscanconvenientlyliveattheDavisresidence.Youcanusepublictransportationtotravelbetweenthethreecampuses.Residencefeatures:*Fully-furnishedsuites(公寓)sharedwithoneroommate.Eachsuiteincludes:+2separatebedrooms,eachwithadoublebed,deskandchair,dresser,closetorganizerandtelevision.+Akitchenwithafull-sizedfridge,microwave,seatingfor2andplentyofstorage.+Athree-piecebathroomwithplentyofstorage.*Safetyandsecurity—ourresidencesareprotected24hoursaday.*ResidentAdviserswhohostmultipleresidenceeventsthroughouttheacademicyear.Theseeventsareallaboutsocialinteraction,communitybuilding,andpersonalcareerdevelopment.*Wi-Fi*Commonspaces:+Fitnessrooms+Gamesrooms+Laundryrooms+StudyareasGuaranteeyourspotinresidenceforthe2024-25academicyear!*Applicationsareavailable:February1-March31,2024.*Ifyou’reaYearIstudent,andyouapplybyApril30,2024,youracceptanceintoresidenceisguaranteed.*Residencerates:TrafalgarRoad:$8,535Davis:$8,165*Note:Flexiblepaymentplansareavailable.Youdon’tneedtowaitforyourprogramacceptance!Pleasecontactresidencemanagementdirectlyforapersonalizedaccommodationplan.21.Whatcanstudentsenjoyintheresidence?A.Beingguardedthewholeday. B.Hostingmultipleresidenceevents.C.Washingclothesintheirownsuites. D.Livinginaseparatesuitealone.22.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thecollegeonlyofferson-campusresidences.B.Theon-campusresidencescanhousemorethan1,000students.C.ApplicationsmustbehandedinbeforeMarch31,2024.D.Youcan’tarrangeyourpersonalaccommodationbeforeyouareaccepted.23.Whomightbetheintendedreadersofthetext?A.Movieamateurs. B.Internationalstudents.C.Communityresidents. D.Languagelearners.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了謝里登學(xué)院為國(guó)際學(xué)生所提供的一些住宿服務(wù)情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Residencefeatures部分中“*Safetyandsecurity—ourresidencesareprotected24hoursaday.(*安全保障——我們的住所全天24小時(shí)受到保護(hù))”可知，學(xué)生在宿舍可以享受一整天都被守衛(wèi)著。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheDavisresidenceinBramptonhouses350students.TheTrafalgarRoadresidencesinOakvillecollectivelyhouse824students.(戴維斯在布蘭普頓的住所有350名學(xué)生。奧克維爾的特拉法加路公寓共有824名學(xué)生)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“校內(nèi)宿舍可容納1000多名學(xué)生”正確。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneofitsadvantagesisthatitofferson-campusresidencesapartfromhome-stayalternativesforinternationalstudents.(它的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，除了為國(guó)際學(xué)生提供寄宿家庭之外，它還為學(xué)生提供校內(nèi)住宿)”可知，文章主要介紹了謝里登學(xué)院為國(guó)際學(xué)生所提供的一些住宿服務(wù)情況。由此推知，這篇文章的預(yù)期讀者是國(guó)際學(xué)生。故選B。BHaveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditsever-changingforms?Ifnot,youcouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.Cloudspottingdoesn’trequiremuch.Sometimes,itcanbeaninvitationtobemarveled(驚嘆)bysomethingsocommonthatwe’vebecomeblindtoit.Oryoucangodeeper,tryingtomakesenseoftheskybylearningthedifferentcloudtypes.ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceofcomfortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.ForZheng,oneofhermostunforgettablecloud-spottingexperiencesoccurredduringaflight.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadseenaspecialnaturalphenomenoncalleda“glory”,producedbywaterdropsintheair.Itappearedasahazy(模糊)lightpointinthemiddleofacircularrainbowhalo(圓形彩虹光環(huán)).“Itwassuchasurprise,”Zhengrecalled.Asagrowingnumberofonlineusersbegantoshowinterestandraisequestions,Zhengrealizedthatshecouldoffermoresciencecontentaboutcloudspotting.Soshestartedtolearnmorebyreferringtospecializedbooksandconsultingindividualswithexpertiseinmeteorology(氣象學(xué)).Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,comparisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweather-relatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloud-watchingexperiences.Lookingahead,Zhenghasplanstoholdseveralgalleryexhibitions.“ThefirstroundofexhibitionswillbeinXiameninFujianandChengduinSichuan,”Zhengsaid,addingthatshe’sgatheringmorecloudphotosandtheuniquestoriesbehindthem.Bydoingthis,shehopestoinspiremorepeopletoappreciatethebeautyofthe“gentlewhitegiants(巨人)”inthesky.24.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Introduceanevent. B.Leadinthetopic.C.Shareanopinion. D.Describeascene.25.WhatwasZheng’soriginalintentionofopeninganaccount?A.Tosharemomentsofspottingclouds. B.Toreceivemoreattentiononline.C.Tospreadlovetomorepeople. D.Togainmorecomfortforherself.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZheng?A.Honestandpositive. B.Patientandhumble.C.Considerateandgenerous. D.Popularandhard-working.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Abloggerattractsalargenumberoffollowersonline.B.Abloggeriskeenonadmiringthewondersofthesky.C.Abloggerfindsdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife.D.Abloggershowsinterestsinresearchingmeteorology.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了被稱(chēng)為“云收藏家”的小紅書(shū)博主在網(wǎng)上分享云的照片，收到了網(wǎng)友的歡迎。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditsever-changingforms?Ifnot,youcouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.(你有沒(méi)有仔細(xì)觀(guān)察過(guò)一朵云，并注意到它不斷變化的形態(tài)?如果沒(méi)有，你可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一些非常奇妙的東西)”可知，第一段的作用是引入文章話(huà)題。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.(這位25歲的科普博主姓鄭，在生活方式平臺(tái)小紅書(shū)上被稱(chēng)為“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年創(chuàng)建了自己的賬戶(hù)，分享云照片)”可知，鄭創(chuàng)建賬戶(hù)的初衷是分享看云的時(shí)刻。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,comparisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweather-relatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloud-watchingexperiences.(鄭現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)分享了近200條科普內(nèi)容，包括云的識(shí)別、形成、不同云類(lèi)型的比較以及與天氣有關(guān)的知識(shí)。她的賬號(hào)現(xiàn)在在小紅書(shū)上有超過(guò)21萬(wàn)的粉絲，平臺(tái)上有五個(gè)群聊，成千上萬(wàn)的用戶(hù)分享他們每天的觀(guān)云經(jīng)歷)”可知，鄭積極分享科普，受到了粉絲歡迎，即他受歡迎且勤奮。故選D。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceofcomfortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.(這位25歲的科普博主姓鄭，在生活方式平臺(tái)小紅書(shū)上被稱(chēng)為“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年創(chuàng)建了自己的賬戶(hù)，分享云照片。鄭喜歡從記錄日常生活的美好中尋找樂(lè)趣，他認(rèn)為這是一種將美好時(shí)刻傳播給更多人的方式。來(lái)自福建的鄭說(shuō):“云一直是我的慰藉?！?”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了被稱(chēng)為“云收藏家”的小紅書(shū)博主在網(wǎng)上分享云的照片，收到了網(wǎng)友的歡迎。可知，這篇文章主要講的是一個(gè)博主熱衷于欣賞天空的奇觀(guān)。故選B。CPeoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirblood-suckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.AteamofresearchersfromVirginiaTechintheUSlookedintodifferentkindsofsoap.Theyinvitedvolunteerstotesthowfourdifferentsoapflavorsattractmosquitoes.Afteranalyzingthemosquitoesbehavior,theresearchersdiscoveredseveralchemicalsinthesoapthatcaninfluencethemosquitoes’“choiceoffood”.Twochemicals,onewiththesmellofcoconutandanotherwiththescentofflowers,cankeeptheinsectsaway.Theteamalsofoundthatwhatmatterstomosquitoesisnotjustthechemicals,butratherthecombinationofchemicalswitheachperson’ssmell.Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.Theycanalsorepelmosquitoesbyusinganotherkindofsoap.Thefindingwere“remarkable”,saidseniorauthorClementVinaugerinanewsrelease,addingthathewouldchooseacoconut-scentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20-by-20-meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.Theyfoundthattheinsectscantrackscentsupto60meters.Also,mosquitoesaremostattractedtoakindofchemicalcalledcarboxylic(羧基的)acid,whichisusuallyproducedbybacteriaonhumanskin.Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplant-basedfoods.Byanalyzingthechemicalsthateitherattractorrepelmosquitoes,scientistsareabletoimprovemosquitorepellent.Withmorestudies,scientistsbelievechangingaperson’sdietcouldonedaymakethem“mosquito-proof”.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforregionswheremosquitoescarrydiseases,suchasmalaria,CNNreported.28.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheunderlinedword“repel”?A.Relyon. B.Giveoff. C.Driveaway. D.Decideon.29.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theprincipleofdrawingaconclusion. B.Theprocessofconductingtheresearch.C.Thefindingsofthescientistsinvolved. D.Thesignificanceofthisexperiment.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Chemicalsarewhatmattermosttomosquitoes.B.Peopledislikemosquitoesmainlybecausetheycarrydisease.C.APlant-baseddietcanpossiblyprotectpeoplefrombeingbittenbymosquitoes.D.Mosquitoesarenotsensitivetocarboxylicacidthatisproducedbyhumanskin.31.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.Animals. B.Medicine. C.Entertainment. D.Science.【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蚊子尋找人類(lèi)的機(jī)制以及如何通過(guò)改變飲食來(lái)避免被蚊子叮咬。【28題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞上文“Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.(例如，吸引蚊子的人在使用一種肥皂后會(huì)對(duì)蚊子更有吸引力)”以及后文“hewouldchooseacoconut-scentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.(他會(huì)選擇一種椰子味的肥皂來(lái)驅(qū)趕蚊子)”可知，吸引蚊子的人在使用一種肥皂后會(huì)對(duì)蚊子更有吸引力，但是他們還可以用另一種肥皂來(lái)驅(qū)趕蚊子。由此可知，劃線(xiàn)詞意思是“趕走”。故選C?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20-by-20-meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.(這些昆蟲(chóng)是如何找到人類(lèi)的也讓科學(xué)家們感到好奇。根據(jù)發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)新研究，研究人員為數(shù)百只蚊子建造了一個(gè)“食堂”。在這個(gè)20乘20米的設(shè)施里，有6個(gè)墊子，它們散發(fā)著不同人類(lèi)的氣味。這些墊子被加熱以模擬人類(lèi)的睡眠)”可知，第四段主要講了進(jìn)行研究的過(guò)程。故選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplant-basedfoods.(其中一名參與者的氣味對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)沒(méi)有吸引力，研究人員認(rèn)為這是由于該人的飲食，主要是植物性食物)”可知，植物性飲食可能保護(hù)人們不被蚊子叮咬。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirblood-suckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.(人們討厭蚊子是因?yàn)樗鼈冇形膬A向?？茖W(xué)家們也受到蚊子的困擾，一直在研究驅(qū)除蚊子的方法)”可知，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蚊子尋找人類(lèi)的機(jī)制以及如何通過(guò)改變飲食來(lái)避免被蚊子叮咬。由此推知，這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版面。故選D。DFromAI-madejokestoHarryPotterfashionvideos,AIcanbeusedtomakefunnystuff.Butcanitbeasfunnyasahuman?Andifitcan,doesitpresentadangertocomedywritersinthefuture?That’ssomethingperformershavebeenlookingatinthisyear’sEdinburghFestivalFringe,runningfromAug4to28.AnyonecanputonashowattheFringe,andthisyearevenrobotsweregettinginontheact.OneofFringe’sbigshowsevenusedasmallrobottocomeupwithjokesfromaudiencesuggestions,whichwerethenperformedbyhumans.Theresultscouldbeveryfunny,butsometimestheyweren’tfunnyatall.Thatwaspartofthepoint,explainedPiotrMirowski,theshow'sco-maker.“WedonotusehumanstoshowoffAI;instead,weuseAItoshowitslimitations,toshowcasehumancreativityonthestage,”saidMirowski,accordingtotheGuardian.ComedianPierreNovelliesaidthatitwilltakealongtimeforAItogetgoodatcreatingcomedy.“ComedyisthelastthingthatAIisgoingtogetnear,”P(pán)ierretoldSkyNews.“Evennormalhumancomediansstruggletotunetheirjokesfortherightcrowdattherighttime,everytime.Butthat’swhat’sinterestingaboutstand-upandfun.”ButoneperformerattheFringesaidhe’susingAItomakejokesforhimbecausehe’soutofideas.ComedianPeterBazely’sshowhashimplayingasupportingroleto“anentirelycomputer-generatedcomedian”calledAIJesus.TheFringereviewwebsite,Chortle,talkedabouttoday’sAIconcerns:“InaworldwhereartistsareworriedthatAIcouldendupdoingtheirjobsforthem,Bazelyissaidtobeprayingthisonewilldoexactlythat.”ThereasonsforcompanieswantingtouseAIarecertainlyunderstandable,butthedangerstheypresenttomanypeople’sjobsarebecomingmoreandmorereal,andthat’snotveryfunny.BackinMarchofthisyear,alettercallingforasix-monthstoponadvancedAIdevelopmentwassignedbyover1000peopleworkingwithAItechnologiesincludingElonMuskandotherwell-knowntechleaders,reportedTheNewYorkTimes.Then,inMay,leadersintheAIindustrysignedadocumentfromtheCenterforAISafetywarningthatAIcouldpresentanexhibition-leveldangerand“shouldbeaglobalpriorityalongsidepandemicsandnuclearwar.”32.Howdoestheauthorbeginthistext?A.Byraisingquestions. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byquotingothers.33.AccordingtoMirowski,whatmaybeapurposeofFringeshow?A.ToshowoffAI’spower. B.TorevealAI’sdisadvantages.C.TopresentAI’screativity. D.TopromoteAI’sdevelopment.34.Whatcanweinferfromthefifthparagraph?A.Humanshavenoimaginationinmakingjokes.B.Mostcomediansgiveupplayingleadingroles.C.AIcanalwaysmeetdifferentaudience’sdemand.D.NotallartistsareworriedtobereplacedbyAI.35.WhatistheattitudeoftheauthortowardtheapplicationofAI?A.Positive. B.Concerned. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以愛(ài)丁堡邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)引入人工智能為切入點(diǎn)，通過(guò)演員和節(jié)目制作者對(duì)AI的不同反應(yīng)，引出公眾對(duì)AI潛在威脅的擔(dān)憂(yōu)以及AI開(kāi)發(fā)領(lǐng)域人士對(duì)這種危險(xiǎn)的重視，從而引發(fā)公眾對(duì)AI應(yīng)用的關(guān)切。32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butcanitbeasfunnyasahuman?Andifitcan,doesitpresentadangertocomedywritersinthefuture?(但它能像人類(lèi)一樣有趣嗎？如果可以，它會(huì)對(duì)未來(lái)的喜劇作家構(gòu)成威脅嗎？)”可知，文章是通過(guò)提出問(wèn)題來(lái)展開(kāi)討論的，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“‘WedonotusehumanstoshowoffAI;instead,weuseAItoshowitslimitations,toshowcasehumancreativityonthestage,’saidMirowski,accordingtotheGuardian.(‘我們不會(huì)用人類(lèi)來(lái)炫耀人工智能；相反，我們用人工智能來(lái)展示它的局限性，在舞臺(tái)上展示人類(lèi)的創(chuàng)造力，’《衛(wèi)報(bào)》援引Mirowski的話(huà)說(shuō))”可知，按照Mirowski的說(shuō)法，揭示人工智能的缺點(diǎn)是邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)的目的之一，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“ComedianPeterBazely’sshowhashimplayingasupportingroleto‘a(chǎn)nentirelycomputer-generatedcomedian’calledAIJesus.TheFringereviewwebsite,Chortle,talkedabouttoday’sAIconcerns:‘InaworldwhereartistsareworriedthatAIcouldendupdoingtheirjobsforthem,Bazelyissaidtobeprayingthisonewilldoexactlythat.’(喜劇演員PeterBazely在節(jié)目中扮演一個(gè)‘完全由電腦生成的喜劇演員’，名叫人工智能耶穌。邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)評(píng)論網(wǎng)站Chortle談到了今天對(duì)人工智能的擔(dān)憂(yōu)：‘在一個(gè)藝術(shù)家們擔(dān)心人工智能最終會(huì)代替他們工作的世界里，據(jù)說(shuō)Bazely正在祈禱這個(gè)機(jī)器人能做到這一點(diǎn)?！?”可知，并非所有藝術(shù)家都擔(dān)心被人工智能取代。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文從愛(ài)丁堡邊緣藝術(shù)節(jié)上使用了機(jī)器人講笑話(huà)引出人工智能的話(huà)題，并講述了節(jié)目制作者PiotrMirowski、演員PeterBazely、leadersintheAIindustry等人的不同看法和態(tài)度，全文并沒(méi)有發(fā)表作者的個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)，作者只是在客觀(guān)地陳述事實(shí)，并沒(méi)有講述自己對(duì)人工智能的未來(lái)發(fā)展的看法，所以作者對(duì)人工智能的應(yīng)用持客觀(guān)態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifeisn’tfair.Somepeoplejustseemblessedwiththeabilitytoeffortlesslycharm(吸引)anyonetheymeet.Well,itmightseemlikeamagicalpower,butinfactthereareanumberoffactorsatwork.____36____Theansweris:toalargeextent,yesyoucan.Butfirst,thebadnews.Peopleatfirstjudgeeachotheraccordingtophysicalappearance.Withjustaglimpseofaface,peoplemakequickjudgementsabouteachother’slikeability,trustworthinessandconfidence.Howshouldwedealwiththis?____37____Peopleregardasmilingfaceasmoretrustworthy,warmerandsociable.Itsoundslikecommonsense,doesn’tit?Smileandotherswillsmilewithyou.Whatothertricksmightwehave?____38____Consequently,threethingswecandotosignalthatwearenotathreat:raiseoureyebrowsquickly,raiseourheadsslightly,andonceagain,tosmile.Sowe’velookedatbodylanguage,butofcoursewhatyousayishugelyimportanttoo,unlessyouwanttojuststandtheresmilingfoolishly.Thegoldenruleoffriendshipisifyoumakepeoplefeelgoodaboutthemselves,they’regoingtolikeyou.Inotherwords,youshouldnottalkaboutyourselfandallyourwonderfulachievements.____39____.Finally,findingcommongroundhelpsformaconnection.Charmingpeopleareparticularlyskilledatseekingoutsharedinterestsorexperiencestobondwithothers.____40____Andifallelsefails,youcanfallbackonthatmostBritishtopic:theweather.Itcanbeanicestartofaconversation.A.Instead,youneedtoshowinterestinthem.B.So,canyoulearntodevelopsuperhumancharm?C.There’sonesurprisinglysimpletool:yoursmile.D.Sharedinterestsarethekeytomakingconnectionswithothers.EAskingwheresomeone’sfromallowsyoutofindareasincommon.F.Ourbrainsoftensurveytheenvironmentforfriendorenemysignals.G.Whatgoodtricksmightwetakeadvantageoftobecomecharming?【答案】36.B37.C38.F39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不費(fèi)力地吸引別人，它可能看起來(lái)像一種神奇的力量，文章主要就如何培養(yǎng)吸引人的魅力提出了一些方法。【36題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Theansweris:toalargeextent,yesyoucan.(答案是：在很大程度上可以)”可推測(cè)，空處為一個(gè)問(wèn)句；結(jié)合上文“Somepeoplejustseemblessedwiththeabilitytoeffortlesslycharm(吸引)anyonetheymeet.Well,itmightseemlikeamagicalpower,butinfactthereareanumberoffactorsatwork.(有些人似乎天生就有能力毫不費(fèi)力地吸引他們遇到的任何人。好吧，這似乎是一種神奇的力量，但實(shí)際上有很多因素在起作用)”可知，B項(xiàng)“那么，你能學(xué)會(huì)培養(yǎng)非凡的魅力嗎？”與空前內(nèi)容一致，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)問(wèn)句。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Howshouldwedealwiththis?(我們應(yīng)該如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題？)”提問(wèn)如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題，結(jié)合下文“Peopleregardasmilingfaceasmoretrustworthy,warmerandsociable.(人們認(rèn)為微笑的臉更值得信賴(lài)、更溫暖、更善于交際)”可知，空處應(yīng)是回答上文的問(wèn)題，且與微笑有關(guān)，C項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的工具：你的微笑”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【38題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Consequently,threethingswecandotosignalthatwearenotathreat:raiseoureyebrowsquickly,raiseourheadsslightly,andonceagain,tosmile.(因此，我們可以做三件事來(lái)表明我們不是威脅：迅速揚(yáng)起眉毛，輕微抬起頭，再一次，微笑)”可知，我們需要做一些事情來(lái)表明我們不是威脅，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“我們的大腦會(huì)審視周?chē)沫h(huán)境，尋找是敵是友的信號(hào)”構(gòu)成下文需要做一些事情來(lái)表明我們不是威脅的原因，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選F?！?9題詳解】上文“Inotherwords,youshouldnottalkaboutyourselfandallyourwonderfulachievements.(換句話(huà)說(shuō)，你不應(yīng)該談?wù)撃阕约汉湍闼械妮x煌成就)”說(shuō)明想對(duì)方接納我們，就不應(yīng)該只是聊自己的成就，A項(xiàng)“相反，你需要表現(xiàn)出對(duì)他們的興趣”銜接上文，引出正確的做法是要關(guān)注對(duì)方。故選A?！?0題詳解】上文“Charmingpeopleareparticularlyskilledatseekingoutsharedinterestsorexperiencestobondwithothers.(有魅力的人特別擅長(zhǎng)尋找共同的興趣或經(jīng)歷來(lái)與他人建立聯(lián)系)”提到尋找共同的興趣或經(jīng)歷來(lái)與他人建立聯(lián)系，E項(xiàng)“詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方來(lái)自哪里可以讓你找到共同點(diǎn)”對(duì)上文具體舉例說(shuō)明。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AdamWolfersbelievesthathisson’sautism(自閉癥)hasapositiveimpactonhishobbyofphotography.10--year--oldMorganhasalwayspossesseda____41____eyeforcapturingtheworldaroundhimthroughhiscamera.Diagnosed(被診斷)withautismattheageof3,Morganhashadahardtime