2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievement單元測試A卷基礎(chǔ)夯實含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1PeopleofAchievementUnit1A卷基礎(chǔ)夯實一、閱讀理解1.

DonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGerardMourou.It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists——pastandpresent——whoactuallydeservetheprize.

JocelynBellBurnell

Perhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):then-studentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda￡2.3millionBreakthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunder-representedstudents,shejokedtoTheGuardian,"IfeelI'vedoneverywelloutofnotgettingaNobelPrize."

LeneHau

Hauisbest-knownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvardUniversityin1999thatmanagedtoslowabeamoflight,beforemanagingtostopitcompletelyin2001.OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,could2024beHau'syear?

VeraRubin

Rubindiscovereddarkmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2024,withoutrecognitionfromthecommittee.

Chien-ShiungWu

Wu's"Wuexperiment"helpeddisprovethe"lawofconservationofparity".Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957NobelPrizebehindthestudy.

LiseMeitner

Meitnerledgroundbreakingworkonthediscoveryofnuclearfission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeinChemistry,

which

waswonbyhermaleco-lead,OttoHahn.1.WhenwasthediscoveryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944. B.In1967. C.In1974. D.In1980.2.WhichwomanismostlikelytowinaNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.DonnaStrickland. B.JocelynBellBurnell.C.LeneHau. D.VeraRubin.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemalescientistsdidwellinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner'steacherwonaNobelPrizeforherwork.D.Thefivefemalescientistshaven'tbeenawardedNobelPrize.2.

WhilevisitingtheNorthPoleinwintermaynotbeatthetopofyourbucketlist,theever-changingICEHOTELmaychangeyourmind.Lying200kmnorthoftheArcticCircleintheSwedishvillageofJukkasjarvi,thehotel,whichiscarvedentirelyfromice,isrebuiltannually.

The35rooms,builttoaccommodatevisitorsonallkindsofbudgets,varyfromexpensivesuitestobasicroomsthatarefamishedwithjustanicybedandareindeerskin.Amongthehighlightsthisyearisthe"SpruceWoods"suite.SculptedbyChristopherPascoeandJennieO'KeefeofCanada,itdescribesacampingscenecompletewithaclassicmicrobus,aforest,andevenanartificialcampfire.

Thereisalsotheartfully-carved"LivingOcean"suitetoremindvisitorsoftheimportanceofsavingouroceans.Theroomisfullofcarvedsealifethatincludescoralandashark"swimming"rightovertheicebed."Thesuiteisinspiredbyglobalwarmingandtheoverfishingthataffectsouroceans,"saysartistJonathanPaulGreen."IalsothinktheideaofusingfrozenwaterfromariverinnorthernSwedentocreateanoceanwithshells,fish,andcoralisexciting."

Thenearby"Haven"suiteisa"magicalgateofice"guardedbytwolargeanimals."Weareinspiredbythemeetingbetweenpeopleandwanttocreateanexperiencethatstimulatescuriosityandcreativity,"saysartistJonasJohansson."Itfeelslikeadreamtogettoworkwithicethatallowsourloveforlight,shine,andreflectiontowanderfreelyfromthoughttocreation."

Regardlessofwhethervisitorsselectthecarvedsuitesorthebasicicerooms,thetemperatureisalwayssettoabone-chilling-5℃!Thatiswhyguestsareadvisedtosnuggle(蜷伏)upinsidesleepingbagsandwearglovesandwinterhatsallnight.Notsurprisingly,mostendupspendingjustasinglenightatthisuniquehotelbeforemovingontotheconventionalandwarmerhotelsnearby.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"bucketlist"meaninthetext?A.Ashoppinglistofbuckets. B.Alistoftravelingdestinations.C.Alistofexpensivehotels. D.Alistofexcitingideas.2.Whatcanweknowabouttheicehotel?A.Itisrebuilteveryyear. B.Itsroomsareexpensive.C.Itorganisescampingactivities. D.Itliesinacoastalcity.3.Wheredoestheinspirationof"LivingOcean"suitecomefrom?A.Artandliterature. B.Oceanlifeandvoyages.C.Climatechangeandhumaninfluence. D.Themeetingofpeople.4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnAdventuretotheNorthPole B.AnExperienceClosetoNatureC.ATasteofCold:ANightinaVillage D.AWinterDestination:Sweden'sIcehotel3.

MaryLyonwasaleaderinwomen'seducationinthenineteenthcentury.Itwasatimewhenwomen'seducationwasnotconsideredimportantintheUnitedStates.Statesdidrequireeachtowntoprovideaschoolforchildren,buttherewerenot.enoughteachers.Mostyoungwomenwerenotabletocontinuetheireducation.Iftheydid,theyoftenwerenottaughtmuchexcepttheFrenchlanguage,howtosewclothing,andmusic.

MaryLyonfeltthatwomen'seducationwasextremelyimportant.Shebelievedwomenwereteachersbothinthehomeandintheclassroom.MaryopenedaschoolforyoungwomeninthevillageofBuckland.Shesuggestednewwaysofteaching,includingholdingdiscussiongroupsforstudents.

Then,Marybegantoraisemoneyforherdreamschoolforthehighereducationofwomen.Thisschoolwouldownitsownproperty,guidedbyanindependentgroupofdirectors.Itsfinanceswouldbetheresponsibilityofthedirectors.Itwouldnotdependonanyonepersontocontinue.And,thestudentswouldshareincleaningandcookingtokeepcostsdown.In1837,MaryLyonopenedMountHolyokeSeminaryforWomen.In1893,44yearsafterherdeath,underastatelaw,MountHolyokeFemaleSeminarybecamethefirstcollegetoofferwomenthesamekindofeducationasmen.

Mary'seffortsledtothespreadofhighereducationforwomenintheUnitedStates.Herinfluencelastedasthemanystudentsfromherschoolswentouttoteachothers.1.WhatwasAmericanwomen'sproblemwitheducationinthe19thcentury?A.Teacherswerecarelessaboutteaching.B.Theyhadfewchoicesaboutthesubjects.C.Thegovernmentpaidnoattentiontoeducation.D.Theyhadnochancetocontinuetheireducation.2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Marythoughtlittleofwomen'seducation.B.Marypreferredwomentobeeducatedathome.C.Maryattachedimportancetowomen'seducation.D.GroupdiscussionswerenotheldinMary'sschool.3.WhatwasMary'sdreamschoollike?A.Itwouldhaveverystrictrules.B.Itwouldbeindependentinfinance.C.Itwouldbeownedbythegovernment.D.Itwoulddependonsomeimportantperson.4.WhyisMarystillrememberedbyAmericans?A.Shesetupthefirstcollege.B.Shemadewomenequaltomen.C.ShehelpedtopassAmericaneducationlaw.D.SheimprovedAmericanwomen'seducation.4.

Foryears,HamzehAlMaaytahsupportedacommunityofbookloversinJordan,keepinghisbookstoreinAmman'soldcenteropenaroundtheclock,encouragingcustomerstostayforalongtimeoverraretreasuresandoftenallowingthemtosetthepriceforapurchase.

Hissupportersrecentlyhadachancetorepayhimwhenthelocallandmarkwasthreatenedwithclosure,followingasuddenillnessthatputhimoutofactionforseveralmonthsasbillswerepilingup.ByApril,330peoplefrommorethan20countrieshadcontributed$18,000inacrowd-finding(眾籌)campaignlaunchedbytwofriends.

ThemoneyallowsAlMaaytahtorepairhissmallspaceandexpandtoastorefrontnexttoit,wherehehopestosetupaliterarysalon,adisplayofrarebooksandareadingcomer.Uptonow,muchofthestore'sactivityhastakenplaceoutdoors,withbookslaidoutunderasheetonthesidewalk.

Despitetherecentfinancialscare,the36-year-oldshopkeeperisstickingtohis"payasyouplease"businessmodel,appliedtomostbooks.Customerscanalsopayasmallamountoffeetoborrowbooksorreadrareeditionsinthestore.

"It'srisky.Butit'salsoanadventure."saidAlMaaytah."Youwouldbesurprisedwhatputtingyourtrustinpeoplecando.Itdoesn'tjustmakemoreroomforgenerosity.Theyalsowanttocomebackformore.Morebooks,moreconversations."

AlMaaytahrecentlyrenamedhisbranch"Mahallal-Maa"looselytranslatedas"SourceofWater."toreflecthisbeliefthatbooks—likewater—areanecessityandshouldbeaccessibletoall.

SuchaccesshasbeenaprobleminJordan,whichlacksgovernment-fundedcommunitylibraries,forcingreaderstobuyexpensivebooksorgotouniversitylibraries,saidSaraQudah,thecultureeditoroftheAl-Rainewspaper.1.WhatdidAlMaaytahadvisepeopletodoaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Toworkhardforgoodpay. B.Tokeepvaluablejewelry.C.Toenjoysomerarebooks. D.Togotolookfortreasures.2.WhatdidpeopledotorepayAlMaaytah?A.Peopledonatedsomemoneytohim. B.Peoplepaidalmostallhisbills.C.Peopledecoratedhisbookstoreforhim. D.Peoplelaunchedcrowd-fundingcampaigns.3.Whyhasmuchofthestore'sactivitybeenheldoutdoors?A.Thereisareadingcomeroutdoors. B.Allthebooksareputoutdoorsnow.C.Thestoretriestoattractcustomers. D.Thestoreissmall.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesAlMaaytahagreewith?A.Peoplewanttobeputyourtrustinwherevertheylive.B.Booksareamustandallshouldhaveaccesstothem.C.Moreroomshouldbemadeforpeopletoshowgenerosity.D.Peoplewanttoreadmorebooksandmakemoreconversations.二、七選五

WilmaRudolphwasbornintoaverypoorfamilyintheBackwoodsofTennessee.Atfouraseverediseaseleftherwithauselessleftleg.Shehadtowearanironlegbrace.①________Hermothertoldherthatdespitethelegbrace,shecoulddowhatevershewantedtodo.

Soatnine,Wilmaremovedthelegbraceandtookthestepthedoctorstoldhershewouldnevertakenormally.Thenthisgirlwishedthatshewouldliketobetheworld'sgreatestwomanrunner.At13,sheenteredarace.Shecameinlast.②________Everyonebeggedhertoquit!However,oneday,shecameinnexttolast.Andthentherecameadaywhenshewonarace.③________

WilmawenttoTennesseeStateUniversity,whereshemetacoachnamedEdTemple.CoachTemplesawtheindomitablespiritofthegirl,andtrainedhersowellthatshewenttotheOlympicGames.Thereshecompetedagainstthegreatestwomanrunneroftheday,aGermangirlnamedJuttaHeine.④________Butinthe100-meterdash,WilmaRudolphwon.ShebeatJuttaagaininthe200-meterrace.

Finallycamethe400-meterrelay.⑤________ThefirsttworunnersonWilma'steammadeperfecthandoffswiththebaton(棒).ButwhenthethirdrunnerhandedthebatontoWilma,shewassoexcitedthatshedroppedit,andWilmasawJuttatakingoffdownthetrack.Itwasimpossiblethatanybodycouldcatchthisgirl.ButWilmadidjustthat!A.

NobodyhadeverbeatenJutta.B.

Thelittlegirlhadgreatnaturaltalent.C.

ItwouldbeWilmaagainstJuttaonceagain.D.

Nobodybelievedshecouldsucceedwithaleglikethat.E.

Yetshewasfortunateinhavingamotherwhoencouragedher.F.

Fromthenon,WilmaRudolphwoneveryracethatsheentered.G.

Sheenteredeveryraceinhighschool,andineveryraceshecameinlast.三、完形填空FindingHome

"IhateNewOrleans!Iwannagohome!"

I

1

tomymotheraswemovedboxes.

2

,goinghomewasnoteasybecausemyhomewas1,100milesaway.

Iwasbornand

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innorthernVirginia.Virginiawasmyhome,andIneverexpectedthatto

4

.In2014,myfamilyexperiencedatragedy(災(zāi)難),somyparentsdecidedtomovetomymom'shometownofNewOrleans.

Onlythreemonthsaftermyparentsmadethe

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tomoveIfoundmyselfmovingboxesintoournewhouse.MyannouncementtomymotherthatI

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thenewenvironmentwaspartlymotivatedbyhowhotitwas,butitwasmostlyduetothefactthatIfeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown.1,100milesawayfromeveryoneandeverythingIhadeverknown,Iwas

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.Tomakemattersworse,Iwasstartinghighschoolintwoweeks.Beginninghighschoolisascary

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onitsown.

IspentmyfirstfewmonthsinNewOrleans,

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wantingtogohometoVirginia.Butafterafewmonthsofmissinghome,I

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thatIhadachoice.IcouldcontinuethinkingabouthowmuchImissedmyoldhome,

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Icouldstarttryingtobuildanewhomerighthere.Ichosethelatter.

AssoonasIstoppedgivingallmy

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tohowmuchImissedVirginiaIwasabletobeginacceptingthelovethatpeoplewerealreadygivingme.Ijoinedsomeclubsatschool,whichgavemethechancetomakefriends.MyneighbortaughtmehowtocooksomeNewOrleansfood,andIfoundawonderful

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offellowcooksandneighbors.Overall,Iseizedeverypossibleopportunityto

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myselfandtorebuildmylife.

Becauseofmyresilience(適應(yīng)力)increatinganewhomeformyselfandthe

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thatpeoplehaveshowntome,homeisrighthere.(1)A.announced B.replied C.insisted D.pointed(2)A.Therefore B.Instead C.However D.Besides(3)A.evaluated B.raised C.promoted D.fed(4)A.develop B.continue C.obtain D.change(5)A.attempt B.suggestion C.excuse D.decision(6)A.preferred B.missed C.hated D.imagined(7)A.surprised B.frightened C.delighted D.relieved(8)A.performance B.activity C.presentation D.experience(9)A.partly B.badly C.slightly D.gradually(10)A.realized B.remembered C.inferred D.complained(11)A.and B.but C.or D.so(12)A.attention B.patience C.trust D.confidence(13)A.generation B.community C.race D.school(14)A.teach B.accept C.judge D.better(15)A.belief B.freedom C.love D.interest四、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

YuRong,aChineseartist,thinksofanewwaytointroduce①________ancientstoryofHuaMulaninherpicturebook.Inthebook,IAmHuaMulan,shetellsthestoryby②________(combine)paper-cuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.SheplacesShaanxipaper-cutsoverwestern-stylepencilsketches(素描)③________(create)atypicalpresentationofChineseelements(元素)whichturnsouttobea④________(success)andimpressivebreakthrough.

HuaMulan,⑤________storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,isafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386—534).Asadevoteddaughter,shedressedherselfasamantoserveinthearmy⑥________placeofherfather.Mulan'scharacteristics,suchascourage,kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made⑦_(dá)_______(she)oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.Mulan'sstoryhasbeenadapted⑧________(frequent)inmodemmedia,includingTVshows,videogamesandliterature.Forexample,in1998,DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,which⑨________(consider)agreatsuccessbycriticsandthepublic.

Tobettertellthestory,YuRongtakesinspirationfromherseveral⑩________(visit)tositesofancientbattlesandHenanProvince'sYujuOpera.Afteryearsofpreparationshefinallymakesthisextraordinarywork.五、寫作1.假定你是李華,你的澳大利亞筆友Jenny來信詢問你最喜愛的科學(xué)家,請你依據(jù)下面的寫作提示,給他寫一封回信。內(nèi)容包括:

1.

屠呦呦,1930年誕生于浙江;

2.長期致力于探討瘧疾(malaria),因發(fā)覺青霉素(artemisinin)而榮獲2015年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎;

3.

是第一位獲得科學(xué)類諾貝爾獎的中國科學(xué)家。留意:

1.

詞數(shù)80左右;

2.

可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.閱讀下面材料,依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

LastSaturday,Davidwastakingawalkintheparknearhishomewhenhenoticedawomanwithaboyofabouteightyearsold.WhenDavidpassedthem,heheardthewomanyell,"Howstupidyouare!You'regoodatnothing."Davidstoppedandlookedatthelittleboy.Theboysaidnothing.Hejuststoodthere,lookingupset.

DavidwasremindedofhisEnglishteacherMrs.Browninthemiddleschool.Afterheenteredthemiddleschool,Davidlackedself-confidencebecausehewasoftenmadefunofbyothers.Hewasoftentoldthathewasgoodatnothing,whichDavidbelieved.Butonedayitallchanged.

Oneday,inanEnglishwritingclass,Mrs.Brownaskedthemtoreadanovel.Theywereaskedtowriteanewchapterofthenovelaftertheyfinishedreadingthebook.Afewdayslater,Davidhandedinhisstory.Hedidn'tgiveitmuchthought.Butthenextdaytohissurprise,thecomment"welldone"fromMrs.Browncameintoviewthemomentheturnedtothepagewherethestorywaswritten.

WhenDavidreadthat,healmostburstintotears.Heneverexpectedtobepraisedoneday.Hesuddenlygainedsomeself-confidence.

Thatdayafterhereturnedhome,hewroteashortstoryandgaveittoMrs.Brownthenextmorning.Andagainhewaspraised.

Davidbecameveryinterestedinwriting.HeoftenwroteshortstoriesandaskedMrs.Browntoreadthemandcorrectthemforhim.Mrs.Brownalwayscorrectedthemforhim.Mrs.Brownalwayscorrectedthemistakeshehadmadeandgavehimgoodadvicetoimprovethem.Oneyearlater,Davidjoinedtheschoolnewspaperandbecameaneditorofit.Hewasnolongerthatboywholackedself-confidence.Hegainedhisconfidenceandwashopefulabouthisfuture.

Hesucceededinenteringcollegeandkeptwriting.Severalyearsaftergraduatingfromcollege,hehadhisfirstbookpublished.Withsomemorebookscomingout,hebecamefamousasawriterinhiscountry.AndheowedhissuccesstoMrs.Brown'sencouragement.Withoutherencouragement,hislifemightbeverydifferentnow.Paragraph1:

Inspiredbyhisownlifestory,Daviddecidedtodosomethingforthatboy._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:

Themotherwasashamedwhensheheardthat.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析一、1.答案：1-3CCD解析：1.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)JocelynBellBurnell段落中的then-studentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,可知射電脈沖星(radiopulsars)最初在1967年被發(fā)覺,其發(fā)覺被授予諾貝爾獎是在1974年.故選C項.2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)LeneHau段落中的OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,可知萊娜·豪常常位居諾貝爾獎預(yù)料名單榜首,她最有可能獲諾貝爾獎.故選C項.3.推理推斷題.依據(jù)第一段總述中It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists-pastandpresent-whoactuallydeservetheprize.可知唐娜·斯特里克蘭是五十五年來第一個獲諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎的女性,而文中介紹的五位女科學(xué)家都應(yīng)當(dāng)獲得這個獎,但由于各種緣由未能獲獎.故選D項.2.答案：(1)-(4)BACD

解析：(1).詞義揣測題。第一段第一句提到“雖然冬天去北極旅游可能不是你的首選,但這不斷變更的冰旅館可能會變更你的想法”。由該句中的“visitingtheNorthPole”和“theever-changingICEHOTEL”,并結(jié)合語境可推知,畫線詞意為旅游目的地的列表”,故B項正確。

(2).細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“Lying200kmnorthoftheArcticCircleintheSwedishvillageofJukkasjarvi,thehotel,whichiscarvedentirelyfromice,isrebuiltannually."可知,這家完全由冰建成的旅館每年都會重建,故A項正確。

(3).細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Thesuiteisinspiredbyglobalwarmingandtheoverfishingthataffectsouroceans”可知,這間套房的靈感來自全球變溫煦影響海洋的過度捕撈,故C項正確。

(4).主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容,尤其是第一段其次句“Lying200kmnorthoftheArcticCircleintheSwedishvillageofJukkasjarvi,thehotel,whichiscarvedentirelyfromice,isrebuiltannually.”可知,本文主要介紹了冬季旅游的好去處——瑞典冰旅館,故D項最適合做本文標(biāo)題。3.答案：1-4BCBD解析：1.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)第一段中的Mostyoungwomenwerenotabletocontinuetheireducation.Iftheydid,theyoftenwerenottaughtmuchexcepttheFrenchlanguage,howtosewclothing,andmusic.可知,大多數(shù)年輕女性無法接著接受教化.即使她們能接受教化,除了法語、如何縫制衣服和音樂之外,她們通常不會學(xué)到多少東西.所以19世紀(jì)美國女性的教化問題是她們能選擇的學(xué)習(xí)科目很少.故選B項.2.推理推斷題.依據(jù)其次段中的MaryLyonfeltthatwomen'seducationwasextremelyimportant.以及MaryopenedaschoolforyoungwomeninthevillageofBuckland.可知,瑪麗·菜昂認(rèn)為女性的教化極其重要.她在巴克蘭為年輕女性開辦了一所學(xué)校.所以我們能從其次段中了解到,瑪麗很重視女性的教化.故選C項.3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)第三段中的Thisschoolwouldownitsownproperty,guidedbyanindependentgroupofdirectors...Itwouldnotdependonanyonepersontocontinue.可知,這所學(xué)校將擁有自己的財產(chǎn),由一個獨立的董事會指導(dǎo).它的資金將由董事們負(fù)責(zé),不依靠任何人.所以瑪麗·萊昂開辦的學(xué)校在資金上是獨立的.故B選項正確.4.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題.依據(jù)最終一段Mary'seffortsledtothespreadofhighereducationforwomenintheUnitedStates.Herinfluencelastedasthemanystudentsfromherschoolswentouttoteachothers.可知.瑪麗的努力使美國婦女接受高等教化這件事得到了普及.她的影響始終持續(xù)至今,因為她學(xué)校里的很多畢業(yè)生都成了老師.所以美國人還記得瑪麗是因為她提高了美國女性的教化水平.故選D項.4.答案：(1)-(3)CADB

解析：(1).細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“...encouragingcustomerstostayforalongtimeoverraretreasuresandoftenallowingthemtosetthepriceforapurchase.”可知,他激勵顧客在稀有書籍前駐足,允許他們確定購買價格,故C項正確。

(2).細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“ByApril,330peoplefrommorethan20countrieshadcontributed$18,000inacrow-fundingcampaignlaunchedbytwofriends.”可知,為了回報他,人們給他捐款。

(3).推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的第一句“ThemoneyallowsAlMaaytahtorepairhissmallspaceandexpandtoastorefrontnexttoit...”可知,阿勒邁塔想用這筆資金翻修狹小、擁擠的書店。由此可推斷出,書店的大部分活動都在室外進(jìn)行的緣由是書店狹小擁擠,故D項正確。

(4).細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段的“...toreflecthisbeliefthatbooks—likewater—areanecessityandshouldbeaccessibletoall.”可知,B項正確。二、答案：EGFAC

解析：①依據(jù)空格后句可知,她的媽媽激勵她。故E項符合語境。②依據(jù)下文的“大家都讓她放棄”可知,她一起先跑得不好。G項“她參與了中學(xué)的每一場競賽,每次都是最終一名”符合語境。③上文提到“后來有一天她贏得了競賽”。F項“從那時起,威爾瑪·魯?shù)婪蛎看味稼A得競賽”可承接上文。④依據(jù)下文的“但是在100米短跑中威爾瑪·魯?shù)婪蜈A了”可知,所填的句子和下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,A項“沒有人能戰(zhàn)勝尤塔”符合語境。⑤依據(jù)下文可知,在400米接力賽中,威爾瑪和尤塔仍舊是對手。C項“又是威爾瑪和尤塔在此角逐”可引出下文內(nèi)容。三、答案：(1)-(5)ACBDD(6)-(10)CBDBA(11)-(15)CABDC解析：(1)依據(jù)文章首句作者激烈的言辭和第三段中Myannouncementtomymother...可知此處選A.announce宣布;reply回答;insist堅持;point指.(2)依據(jù)下文goinghomewasnoteasybecausemyhomewas1,100milesaway可知,雖然作者想要回原來的家,但是原來的家已經(jīng)在1,100英里之外了,上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系.(3)依據(jù)上下文信息可知作者在北弗吉尼亞州誕生和長大.此處raise意為"哺育".(4)依據(jù)上文Virginiawasmyhome,andIneverexpected可知,作者認(rèn)為弗吉尼亞州是自己的家,從未想過會變更.(5)依據(jù)其次段最終一句中的somyparentsdecidedtomovetomymom'shometownofNewOrleans可知此處指"做確定".(6)依據(jù)首段中的IhateNewOrleans!Iwannagohome!以及下文的Ifeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown可知,作者厭煩新的環(huán)境.(7)依據(jù)上文Ifeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown.1,100milesawayfromeveryoneandeverythingIhadeverknown可知,作者離自己相識的人和熟識的一切事物有1,100英里遠(yuǎn),覺得整個生活都被顛覆了,因此很膽怯 ,故選B.(8)依據(jù)上文Tomakemattersworse可知,作者認(rèn)為上中學(xué)本身就是一個可怕的經(jīng)驗.(9)partly部分地;badly嚴(yán)峻地;特別;slightly略微地;gradually漸漸地.依據(jù)后文Butafterafewmonthsofmissinghome可知作者在前幾個月里特別想回到弗吉尼亞州的家.(10)依據(jù)后文的兩種選擇可知作者意識到自己須要做出選擇.(11)依據(jù)后文Ichosethelatter.可知作者要在兩者之間有一個選擇.or或者(