江蘇省連云港市東?？h2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題【含答案解析】

2023～2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中考試高二英語試題說明：1.本試卷共12頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.在答題卡/紙的規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)填寫學(xué)校、班級、姓名、考號等，否則無效。3.請將答案按題號填涂或填寫在答題卡/紙相應(yīng)的答題處，否則不得分。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoestheroomsmellnice?A.Thewomanisusingnicematerial.B.Themanhasbeencleaning.C.Thereareflowers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,thisroomsmellsnice.Iwouldlikesomeperfumelikethat.Haveyoubeencleaning?M:No,don’tyouremember?It’souranniversary.Ihavesomerosesforyou.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whencanthemangethiscarback?A.Tomorrow. B.Intwodays. C.Inthreedays.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Idroppedmycarhereaweekago.Yousaiditwouldbefixedinthreedays.W:Wearewaitingonasparepart.Ithasbeendelayedbutwillbeheretomorrow.Yourcarwillbereadytwodayslater.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Beinglate. B.Parkingthecar. C.Drivingintraffic.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkwewillbeabletogettherebeforeit’scrowded?Idon’twanttodriveinheavytraffic.M:Iamworriedaboutfindingaparkingspace.Let’sleaveearlierandweshouldbeabletogettherebeforethespacesfill.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdothewoman’sfamilymembersdotohelptheenvironment?A.Theyusefewerplasticbags.B.Theydon’tdrivecars.C.Theywastelessfood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:HowdoIstarthelpingtheenvironment?ShouldIstopdrivingmycar?W:Ithinkusingyourcarisimportantfornow.Myfamilybuysourvegetableswithclothbagstomakesurethatwedon’tusetoomuchplastic.Trythatfirst.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewpainting?A.Itiscolorful. B.Itisunrealistic. C.Itisamazing.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:What’syouropinionofFredrikSvensson’snewpainting?M:Forme,it’sanamazingworkofart—fulloflifeandcolor.W:Idon’tlikeitsomuchactually.Thestructureisverystrangetofollow.It’snotrealistic.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，共22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoinginanearthquake?A.Goingoutside. B.Protectingthepet. C.Hidingundersomething.7.Howoldistheman?A.20. B.25. C.30.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】W:Didyoufeeltheearthquakelastnight?M:Idid.ItmusthavebeenabigoneasI’maheavysleeper.W:IgrabbedmydogandranoutsideassoonasIfelttheearthquake.M:Oh,youshouldn’tdothat.Youshouldfindsomethingtohideunder.Igatheredmyfamilyunderastrongtable.W:I’llrememberthatforthefuture.M:Thelastearthquakewas20yearsagowhenIwas10yearsold.Istillrememberitnow.Itonlylastedabout25seconds,butitwasveryscary.Icouldn’tgobacktosleepafterwards.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisdifferentaboutthewoman’snewjob?A.It’smuchmorechallenging.B.It’smuchcloserindistance.C.It’smuchmorerewarding.9.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Designcommercialsforarestaurant.B.Writesomearticlesaboutgoodrestaurants.C.Havedinnerwiththewomanatarestaurant.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Howisyournewjobtreatingyou?Iknowit’salittlefartherthanwhereyouusedtowork.W:It’sveryfastpaced.It’smuchmorechallengingthanmypreviousjob.M:Areyoustillmanagingotherworkersandhiringnewones?W:No.Iamactuallydoingmarketingnow.Iamdesigningcommercialsforourcompany.M:That’sgreat.Iwasdoingsomethingsimilaratmyoldjob.Ijustgotapromotion.Mytaskthismonthistowritearticlesaboutsomenewrestaurantsthathavecomeintothecity.W:Congratulations!Let’sgoouttoonetohavedinnertonight.Thatwayyouwillhavesomeexperiencetowriteabout.M:Soundsgreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whichanswerdoesthewomanrefusetowritedown?A.NumberThree. B.NumberSeven. C.NumberTen.11.Howoftendoesthewomantakemedicine?A.Never. B.Sometimes. C.Regularly.12.Whatisthelastquestionaskingabout?A.Thewoman’slawhistory.B.Thewoman’sdrivingskills.C.Thewoman’sSocialSecuritynumber.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Willyoupleasehelpmewithsomeofthequestionsonthisform?M:Ofcourse!Whatareyoustuckon?W:ThethirdquestionisaskingformySocialSecuritynumber.Ineverwriteitonforms.M:Youcanjusttellittome,andIcantypeitintothecomputerunderyourfile.Isthatfine?W:Yes.M:OK,whatisit?W:989-65-3441.M:Thankyou.Nowwhatotherquestionsdoyouhavethere?W:NumberSevenasksifIuseanymedicine.Doesthatmeannoworrecently?BecauseIdotakesomepainkillerswhenmykneesstarttohurt.M:Itmeansmedicineyoutakeregularly.W:OK,sothat’saNO.Now,I’mnotsurehowtoanswerthelastquestion,either.That’sNumberTen.M:Whatdoesitsay?W:It’saskingifI’veeverhadlawtrouble.Areparkingticketsincluded?M:No,theyaren’t.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Sheislonely.B.Shehasgoodnews.C.Shehasaproblematschool.14.Whatisthewoman’sdormitorylike?A.Coldandold. B.Smallandmessy. C.Comfortablebutnoisy.15.Whatwillthewomando?A.Attendaparty.B.Findanewplaceherself.C.Putonsomeadvertisements.16.Whoisthewomantalkingto?A.Herfriend. B.Herbrother. C.Herfather.【答案】13.C14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:IthinkIwillhavetomoveoutofmydormitory.M:Whyisthat,dear?Ithoughtyouhadlotsoffriendsthere.W:Oh,Ido.Thatispartoftheproblem.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Well,peopleareconstantlyvisitingme,andthereseemstobeapartyeverynight.M:Isittoonoisy?W:Itis.Thereistoomuchgoingon.Ineedtostudy.M:Whatapity!YourmotherandIthoughtyourroommateslookedverynicewhenwevisitedyou.W:Itis.Forsuchasmallplace,it’ssurprisinglywarm.It’saniceplacetolive.M:Exceptforthenoise.W:Yes.M:OK.Well,I’mbusywithworkatthemoment,soI’llaskyourmothertostartlookingfornewplacesforyoutostay,oryourbrothercanevenhelp.W:No,it’sOK,Dad.I’llfindsomewheremyself.Therearealwaysroomsadvertisedonthecollegenoticeboard.Itwon’tbehardtofindsomething.M:Great.Goodluckwithyoursearch.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whereisthespeaker?A.Inamuseum. B.Inaforest. C.Inapark.18.Whatanimalswillpeopleseethemost?A.Birds. B.Bears. C.Fish.19.Whatcolorofbirdisthespeaker’sfavorite?A.Red. B.Blue. C.Black.20.Whyisthenorthpathclosed?A.Itistoowet. B.Itistoohigh. C.Itistooold.【答案】17.A18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】WelcometotheTrailsideMuseum.Hereyoucanlearnaboutthelocalanimalsandtheirnaturalenvironments.Therearemanyanimalsampleswehaveondisplay.Oneofourmostfamousisalargeblackbear.Theyliveinthisareabutareuncommon.Manyfishermenseethemduringcertainseasons,buttheystayawayfromhumans.Mostareseennearthelake.Ithinkyouwillseesomeofthesebirdsthemost.Youhaveprobablyseenmanyofourlocalbirdsalready.Mostpeoplemainlynoticelittlebrownbirdsandthebirdswithredchests,buttherearemanydifferenttypesofboth.Myfavoritebirdisactuallytheonewiththecolorofthesky.Itisabluebirdwithablackhead.Rightnowitisspringwhenmanyanimalsareborn.Thereisalothappeningintheforestbecauseofthis.However,itisalsothewettestseason.Thisiswhythenorthpathisclosed.Instead,hikerswillneedtousethehigherandolderpathsthroughthepark.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFemaleviewArtbywomenpaintersandsculptorsfromacrossthecountryisondisplayattheongoingexhibition,Colors.TheshowrunsuntilMarch17andisheldincelebrationofInternationalWomen’sDay,whichfallsonFriday.TheShandongArtistsAssociationlaunchedtheannualexhibitionin2017toencouragefemaleartistsandtoofferthemaplatformfortheirtalents.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.11777JingshiLu,Lixiadistrict,Jinan,Shandongprovince.0531-8130-5063/6.CulturalpeakInkartistHuangBinhong(1865-1955)spentalifetimecarryingonhiscountry’sculturalorigin.ImmortalLegacyisanongoingexhibitionattheArtMuseumofBeijingFineArtAcademythatcastslightonHuang’srichworldofart,hisbeliefinculturaltraditionandtherangeofhisalternativeroleasawiseculturescholar.TheshowrunsuntilApril21.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.12ChaoyangGongyuan(Park)Nanlu,Chaoyangdistrict,Beijing.010-6502-5171.TimelessbeautyIncelebrationofChineseNewYear,ImmortalBrushworkofDanqing,along-termexhibitionthatopenedinearlyFebruary,bringstogetherdozensofpaintingsrangingfromtheSong(960-1279)toQing(1644-1911)dynasties.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.62PingjiangDao,Hexidistrict,Tianjin.022-8388-3000.Calligraphicsage(圣人)LinSanzhiisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingcalligraphersofthe20thcentury.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters,anexhibitionattheAnhuiArtMuseum,reviewsLin’seffortsincalligraphy,poetryandChinesepainting.Linispraisedasthe“modernsageofcaoshuscript”.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.1ChengduLu,BinhuNewDistrict,Hefei,Anhuiprovince.0551-6280-6800.21.Whichexhibitionisheldeveryyear?A.Colors. B.ImmortalLegacy.C.ImmortalBrushworkofDanqing. D.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters.22.Ifyou’reanenthusiastforcalligraphy,wherecanyouappreciatesuchanexhibition?A.InJinan. B.InBeijing. C.InTianjin. D.InHefei.23.Whatdothelistedexhibitionshaveincommon?A.Theyareallongoingexhibitions.B.Theyhavethesameopenandclosedtime.C.Theyshowpaintingsfromthesamedynasties.D.Theyencouragefemaleartiststoshowtheirtalents.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個藝術(shù)展覽：女性畫家作品展，黃賓虹墨畫展，中國新年繪畫展，以及林三知書法展，為觀眾提供了欣賞藝術(shù)作品的機(jī)會?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Femaleview的“Artbywomenpaintersandsculptorsfromacrossthecountryisondisplayattheongoingexhibition,Colors.TheshowrunsuntilMarch17andisheldincelebrationofInternationalWomen’sDay,whichfallsonFriday.TheShandongArtistsAssociationlaunchedtheannualexhibitionin2017toencouragefemaleartistsandtoofferthemaplatformfortheirtalents.(來自全國各地的女畫家和雕塑家的藝術(shù)作品在正在進(jìn)行的“色彩”展覽中展出。該展覽將持續(xù)到3月17日，為慶祝周五的國際婦女節(jié)而舉行。山東省美術(shù)家協(xié)會于2017年啟動了一年一度的展覽，以鼓勵女性藝術(shù)家，并為她們提供一個施展才華的平臺)”可知，“色彩”展覽每年都被舉辦。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Calligraphicsage的“LinSanzhiisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingcalligraphersofthe20thcentury.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters,anexhibitionattheAnhuiArtMuseum,reviewsLin’seffortsincalligraphy,poetryandChinesepainting.Linispraisedasthe“modernsageofcaoshuscript”.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.1ChengduLu,BinhuNewDistrict,Hefei,Anhuiprovince.0551-6280-6800.(林散之被公認(rèn)為20世紀(jì)最重要的書法家之一。在安徽美術(shù)館舉辦的“我崇拜古代大師”展覽，回顧了林在書法、詩歌和中國畫方面的努力。他被譽(yù)為“現(xiàn)代草書圣賢”。安徽省合肥市濱湖新區(qū)成都路1號，周一上午9點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)閉館。0551-6280-6800)

”可知，如果你是一個書法愛好者，你在合肥可以欣賞到這樣的展覽。故選D。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每一部分中的“9am-5pm,closedonMondays.

(周一上午9點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)閉館)”可知，這些展覽的共同之處在于它們開放和關(guān)閉的時間是相同的。故選B。BChina’stourismmarketshowedabetter-than-expectedperformanceovertheeight-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichstartedonFeb.10.ThelatestfiguresfromtheMinistryofCultureandTourismshowedthattravelernumbersaswellastourism-relatedincomeduringtheholidayreachedrecordhighs,thankstopeople’sever-strongerdesiretotravel,enoughmarketsuppliesandgoodtourismpolicies.TheministrysaidonSundaythatthedomestictourismmarketsaw474milliontripsduringtheholiday,up34.3percentyear-on-year.Thenumbermarkeda19percentincreasecomparedwiththesameholidayperiodin2019.Domestictourism-relatedincomereached632.69billionyuan($87.95billion)duringtheholiday,astrikingincreaseof47.3percentyear-on-yearand7.7percentgrowthfromthesameholidayperiodin2019.XiaoPeng,aresearcherwithtravelportal(旅游網(wǎng)),Qunar,saidthatthelongerholidaythisyear—itusuallylastssevendaysinotheryears—madetourism-focusedtripsamorepopularchoiceamongtheChinese.Southerndestinationswithwarmerclimateortropicalviews,suchasKunming,Yunnanprovince,andSanya,Hainanprovince,remainedtopchoicesfortourists,accordingtotravelagencies.Return-flightticketsineconomyclassdepartingSanyaweresoldoutearly,leavingonlyticketsinbusinessorfirstclass.Tuniu,anothertravelportal,saidthatdestinationsandmuseumswitharichculturalatmosphereorthosehighlightingculturalelementsofthedragonwerefavoredbytravelersmarkingthebeginningoftheYearoftheDragon.Inaddition,somenortherndestinationswithsnowandiceviewsalsoprovedpopularduringtheholiday.Amongthem,HarbinIce-SnowWorldinthenortheasternprovinceofHeilongjiangreceived329,000visitsfromFeb10toWednesday—thefirstfivedaysoftheholiday—withthetravelernumbermarkingasurgeof115percentfromthepreviousyear,accordingtoHarbin’scultureandtourismbureau.Besidestheprosperousdomestictourism,thehomeandabroadtourismmarketalsodeliveredasurprisinglygoodperformanceduringtheholiday.24.HowisParagraph3organized?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byquotingsayings. D.Byanalyzingthereasons.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutthelongerholidayfromXiaoPeng?A.Itbroughtarichculturalatmosphere.B.Itmadewarmerdestinationstopchoices.C.Itattractedpeopletonortherndestinations.D.Itmadetourism-focusedtripsmorewell-received.26.Whatmighttheauthorwriteaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Thetravelto-and-fromoverseas. B.Goodtourismpoliciesoverseas.C.Destinationswithwarmerclimate. D.Domestictourism-relatedincome.27.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahistorytextbook. B.Apopularwebsite.C.Adetectivenovel. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了2024年春節(jié)假期期間，中國旅游市場表現(xiàn)超出預(yù)期，國內(nèi)旅游人次和旅游相關(guān)收入均創(chuàng)新高，得益于強(qiáng)烈的旅游需求、充足的市場供應(yīng)和良好的旅游政策?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TheministrysaidonSundaythatthedomestictourismmarketsaw474milliontripsduringtheholiday,up34.3percentyear-on-year.Thenumbermarkeda19percentincreasecomparedwiththesameholidayperiodin2019.Domestictourism-relatedincomereached632.69billionyuan($87.95billion)duringtheholiday,astrikingincreaseof47.3percentyear-on-yearand7.7percentgrowthfromthesameholidayperiodin2019.(該部門在周日表示，在節(jié)日期間，國內(nèi)旅游市場實(shí)現(xiàn)了4.74億次旅行，同比增長34.3%。與2019年同期相比，這一數(shù)字增長了19%。節(jié)日期間，國內(nèi)旅游相關(guān)收入達(dá)到6326.9億元人民幣（約合879.5億美元），同比大幅增長47.3%，比2019年同期增長了7.7%)”可知，這段內(nèi)容通過列出具體的數(shù)據(jù)來展示春節(jié)期間國內(nèi)旅游市場的活躍度，包括旅游人數(shù)和旅游相關(guān)收入的增長情況，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“XiaoPeng,aresearcherwithtravelportalQunar

(旅游網(wǎng)),saidthatthelongerholidaythisyear—itusuallylastssevendaysinotheryears—madetourism-focusedtripsamorepopularchoiceamongtheChinese.(旅游門戶網(wǎng)站去哪兒網(wǎng)的研究員肖鵬表示，今年春節(jié)假期比往年更長——通常其他年份為7天——使得以旅游為重點(diǎn)的旅行成為中國人更受歡迎的選擇)”可知，由于假期的延長，以旅游為重點(diǎn)的旅行變得更加受歡迎，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Besidestheprosperousdomestictourism,thehomeandabroadtourismmarketalsodeliveredasurprisinglygoodperformanceduringtheholiday.(除了國內(nèi)旅游市場的繁榮外，國內(nèi)外旅游市場在假期期間也表現(xiàn)出了出人意料的好成績)”可知，這句話暗示了作者接下來可能會討論與往返海外的旅行相關(guān)的信息，故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“China’stourismmarketshowedabetter-than-expectedperformanceovertheeight-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichstartedonFeb.10.(中國的旅游市場在2月10日開始的為期八天的春節(jié)假期中表現(xiàn)超出預(yù)期)”可知，文章提供了關(guān)于旅游市場的最新數(shù)據(jù)、趨勢和來自旅游門戶網(wǎng)站的評論，這些都是流行網(wǎng)站常見的內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。CFordecadeslinguistshavearguedoverhowchildrenlearnlanguage.Somethinkthatbabiesarebornas“blankboards”whopickuplanguagesimplyfromexperience—hearing,seeingandplayingwiththeworld.Othersarguethatexperienceisnotenoughandthatbabies’brainsmustbehardwiredtomakeacquiringlanguageeasy.AImodelssuchasGPT-4havedonelittletosettlethedebate.Thewaythesemodelslearnlanguage—bycollectinglotsoftextdatafrommillionsofwebpages—isgreatlydifferenttotheexperiencesofbabies.AteamofscientistsatNewYorkUniversityexaminedthequestionbytraininganAImodelontheexperiencesofasinglebaby.Betweentheagesofsixand25months,ayoungchildcalledSamhadahead-wearingcameraforanhouraweek-aroundoneofhiswakinghours.Thecamerarecordedeverythinghesawandheardwhileheplayedwithtoys,enjoyeddaysattheparkandinteractedwithhispetcats.TherecordingsandaudiowerefedintoanAl,whichwassetuptoknowthatimagesandwordsthatappearedatthesametimewererelated,butwasotherwiselefttomakesenseofthemessofcolorsandspeechthatSamexperienced.Despitethelimitedtrainingdata,theAIwasabletopickoutobjectsandlearnthematchingwords.TheresearcherstestedthemodelbyaskingittoidentifyobjectsthatSamhadseenbefore,suchasachairfromhishomeoroneofhistoyballs.Givenalistoffouroptionsthemodelpickedthecorrectword62ofthetime,farabovethechancelevelof25%.Totheresearchers’surprise,themodelcouldalsoidentifychairsandballsthatSamhadneverseen.TheAIlearnedatleast40differentwords,butitwasfarfrommatchingSam’svocabularyandlanguageabilitiesbytheendoftheexperiment.TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hardwired”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Organic. B.Average. C.Born. D.Reliable.29.WhatarethefindingsoftheresearchonAImodels?A.AImodelscanunderstandbabies’speech.B.AImodelscanenrichtheirvocabularybythemselves.C.AImodelscanremembermoreobjectsbutcan’tpickthemout.D.AImodelscanlearnmorewordsbutcan’tmatchbabies’abilities.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Leaningfromexperienceisfarfromenough.B.Languageabilitiesofbabiesareborninnature.C.HowtheAIisdevelopedproveseasyforscientists.D.HowtheAIpicksupthelanguageremainsunknown.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebabyAI?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Subjective.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)用AI研究嬰兒語言習(xí)得的實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)AI能從嬰兒經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)詞匯，但無法與嬰兒的能力相提并論?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Fordecadeslinguistshavearguedoverhowchildrenlearnlanguage.Somethinkthatbabiesarebornas“blankboards”whopickuplanguagesimplyfromexperience—hearing,seeingandplayingwiththeworld.Othersarguethatexperienceisnotenoughandthatbabies’brainsmustbe

hardwired tomakeacquiringlanguageeasy.(幾十年來，語言學(xué)家一直在爭論兒童是如何學(xué)習(xí)語言的。有些人認(rèn)為嬰兒出生時就像一塊“白板”，他們只是從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)語言——聽、看和與世界玩耍。另一些人則認(rèn)為，經(jīng)驗(yàn)是不夠的，嬰兒的大腦一定是……才能使學(xué)習(xí)語言變得容易。)”可知，根據(jù)“Some...Others”可知，這兩種人的觀點(diǎn)是不一致的，第一種人認(rèn)為嬰兒出生時就像一塊“白板”，他們只是從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)語言——聽、看和與世界玩耍，即孩子學(xué)習(xí)語言是依靠外部環(huán)境的，則第二種人認(rèn)為孩子學(xué)習(xí)語言是與生俱來的能力，則劃線詞意為“天生的”。故選C。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Totheresearchers’surprise,themodelcouldalsoidentifychairsandballsthatSamhadneverseen.

TheAIlearnedatleast40differentwords,butitwasfarfrommatchingSam’svocabularyandlanguageabilitiesbytheendoftheexperiment.(令研究人員驚訝的是，這個模型還能識別出山姆從未見過的椅子和球。人工智能學(xué)會了至少40個不同的單詞，但在實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束時，它的詞匯量和語言能力還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)達(dá)不到山姆的水平。)

”可知，人工智能模型可以學(xué)習(xí)更多的單詞，但無法與嬰兒的能力相提并論。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.(研究人員最近在《科學(xué)》雜志上提出，要將單詞與物體匹配起來，從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)可能就足夠了。然而，懷疑者懷疑人工智能是否能夠?qū)W習(xí)抽象的名詞或動詞，并質(zhì)疑學(xué)習(xí)過程到底有多相似。語言習(xí)得的奧秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程仍然還有未知的東西需要去探索。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.(研究人員最近在《科學(xué)》雜志上提出，要將單詞與物體匹配起來，從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)可能就足夠了。然而，懷疑者懷疑人工智能是否能夠?qū)W習(xí)抽象的名詞或動詞，并質(zhì)疑學(xué)習(xí)過程到底有多相似。語言習(xí)得的奧秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程仍然還有未知的東西需要去探索，由此可知，作者客觀地呈現(xiàn)了嬰兒AI技術(shù)目前的現(xiàn)狀，因此作者的態(tài)度是不明確的。故選C。DRestrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.Incountrieswheremostschoolsrequirestudentstowearuniforms,feweryoungpeoplereachtheWorldHealthOrganization’sminimumrecommendationof60minutesofphysicalactivityadayacrossawholeweek,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofCambridge.Therewasagreaterdifferencebetweengirlsandboysofprimary-schoolageincountrieswhereuniformswerecommon.Thefindingwasnotcopiedamongchildrenofsecondary-schoolage.Thismaybeowingtotheexerciseyoungerchildrengetthroughouttheday—forexample,throughrunning,climbingandactiveplayatbreakandlunchtimes.Thefindingsconfirmearlierevidencethatgirlsfeellesscomfortableparticipatinginactiveplayiftheyarewearingcertaintypesofclothingsuchasskirtsordresses.Dr.MaireadRyan,aresearcherattheinstituteofeducationandMRCunitatCambridge,said,“Schoolsoftenprefertouseuniformsforvariousreasons.Wearenottryingtosuggestablanketbanonthem,buttopresentnewevidencetosupportdecision-making.Schoolcommunitiescouldconsiderdesign,andwhetherspecificcharacteristicsofauniformmighteitherencourageorrestrictanyopportunitiesforphysicalactivity.”A2021studyinEnglandfoundthedesignofgirls’PEuniformspreventedstudentsfromparticipatingincertainactivities.Otherstudieshavesuggestedgirlsaremuchshyerabouttakingpartinphysicalactivitywhenwearinguniformsinwhichtheydonotfeelcomfortable.Dr.EsthervanSluijs,seniorauthorandMRCinvestigator(調(diào)查員),said,“Girlsmightfeellessconfidentaboutdoingthingslikecartwheelsandtumblesintheplayground,orridingabikeonawindydayiftheyarewearingaskirtordress.Socialexpectationstendtoinfluencewhattheyfeeltheycandointheseclothes.Unfortunately,whenitcomestopromotingphysicalhealth,that’saproblem.”TheWHOrecommendsthatyoungpeopleget60minutesofatleastmoderate-intensity(中等強(qiáng)度)physicalactivityaday.TheCambridgestudyconfirmedpreviousobservationsthatmostchildrenandteenagerswerenotmeetingthisrecommendation—especiallygirls,whohaveagapof7.6percentagepointswithboys.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph1?A.Tostatethefindings. B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Toexplainaphenomenon. D.Tojustifyanassumption.33.Whydogirlstudentsfeellessconvenientinsomeuniforms?A.Theyhavelessphysicalactivitydaily.B.Theyhavemuchlaborworkatschool.C.Certainuniformslimittheirphysicalactivity.D.Certainuniformsmakethemactwellinactiveplay.34.WhatdoesDr.MaireadRyanprobablyagreewith?A.It’sbettertorestrictphysicalactivity.B.It’sbettertosupportdecision-making.C.Uniformsshouldbebannedstrictlyinschools.D.Schoolsshouldthinkabouttheuniformdesign.35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ProperuniformscansetstudentsfreeB.SchoolsareresponsibleforuniformsC.StudentscanbenefitalotfromuniformsD.Uniformsmaypreventyoungergirlsfrombeingactive【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了校服對小學(xué)生體育鍛煉的影響。根據(jù)劍橋大學(xué)的研究，嚴(yán)格的校服可能會阻礙小學(xué)生，尤其是女孩進(jìn)行體育鍛煉，導(dǎo)致他們參與運(yùn)動的時間減少。研究者建議學(xué)?？紤]優(yōu)化校服設(shè)計(jì)，從而鼓勵學(xué)生參與體育活動。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Restrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.Incountrieswheremostschoolsrequirestudentstowearuniforms,feweryoungpeoplereachtheWorldHealthOrganization’sminimumrecommendationof60minutesofphysicalactivityadayacrossawholeweek,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofCambridge.(研究表明，嚴(yán)格的校服可能會阻礙小學(xué)生，尤其是女孩進(jìn)行體育鍛煉。劍橋大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，在大多數(shù)學(xué)校要求學(xué)生穿校服的國家，達(dá)到世界衛(wèi)生組織建議的每周每天最少運(yùn)動60分鐘的年輕人更少)”可知，作者在本段中陳述了這項(xiàng)研究的研究結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thismaybeowingtotheexerciseyoungerchildrengetthroughouttheday—forexample,throughrunning,climbingandactiveplayatbreakandlunchtimes.Thefindingsconfirmearlierevidencethatgirlsfeellesscomfortableparticipatinginactiveplayiftheyarewearingcertaintypesofclothingsuchasskirtsordresses.(這可能是由于年幼的孩子整天都在鍛煉，例如，在休息和午餐時間跑步、爬山和積極玩耍。研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了先前的證據(jù)，即如果女孩穿著特定類型的衣服，如裙子或連衣裙，她們在參與積極的游戲時會感到不太舒服)”可知，女生覺得穿某些校服不方便的原因是這些限制了她們的身體活動。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中MaireadRyan博士所說的話“Wearenottryingtosuggestablanketbanonthem,buttopresentnewevidencetosupportdecision-making.Schoolcommunitiescouldconsiderdesign,andwhetherspecificcharacteristicsofauniformmighteitherencourageorrestrictanyopportunitiesforphysicalactivity.(我們并不是要建議全面禁止它們，而是要提供新的證據(jù)來支持決策。學(xué)校團(tuán)體可以考慮設(shè)計(jì)，以及校服的特定特征是否會鼓勵或限制任何體育活動的機(jī)會)”可知，他希望這項(xiàng)研究可以為學(xué)校的校服設(shè)計(jì)決策提供新的證據(jù)，從對參與體育活動的影響方面優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。由此可知，他贊成的觀點(diǎn)是“學(xué)校應(yīng)該考慮校服的設(shè)計(jì)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Restrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.(研究表明，嚴(yán)格的校服可能會阻礙小學(xué)生，尤其是女孩進(jìn)行體育鍛煉)”可知，文章圍繞校服對小學(xué)生體育鍛煉的影響展開。文章指出劍橋大學(xué)的研究顯示，嚴(yán)格的校服可能會阻礙小學(xué)生，尤其是女孩進(jìn)行體育鍛煉，導(dǎo)致他們參與運(yùn)動的時間減少，因此研究者建議學(xué)?？紤]優(yōu)化校服設(shè)計(jì)，從而鼓勵學(xué)生參與體育活動。因此，D項(xiàng)“校服可能會妨礙小女孩的活動”契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Motivationinvolvesinspiringandencouragingindividualsorateamtowillinglyandenthusiasticallypursueacommongoalorobjective.Motivationisn’tsomethingjustboundtoleadersoraworkplace.____36____Theremustalwaysbeareasontodosomethinginlife,whichiscalledmotivation.Let’stakealookatmotivationfromaleader’sperspective.Herearesomeofthecharacteristicsthatyoushouldknowabout.____37____Inorderfortheemployeestobemotivated,aleadermustadjustthepersonalgoalsalongsidetheorganization’sgoals.Itcannotworkanyotherway.Ifyouareaimingtobeasuccessfulleader,thenyouneedtoexpressaconvincingviewthatresonates(共鳴)withtheteammembers’personalvalues.Reachouttotheirvalues,noticewhatmakesthemtickandarrangethatwiththeorganizationalgoals.CommunicationNeedlesstosay,effectivecommunicationisamustifyouwantyourworkforcetobemotivated,andthattooforalongperiodoftime.____38____Whenthisisdoneinapropermanner,youwillstartseeingfruitfulresults.Leaderscommunicatethepurposeandsignificanceoftasksandprojects,makingteammembersunderstandwhytheircontribut