內(nèi)蒙古名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題【含答案解析】

高一英語考試注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Howmuchdidthewomanpayfortheskirt?A．$48.B．$69.C．$96.2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Havearest.B．Dosomeexercise.C．Getusedtothecoldweather.3．Whendidthewomanseeafilmlasttime?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.4．WhydoesHarrymakethecall?A．Tofindthemanager.B．Tomakeareservation.C．Tolookforhispassport.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．AtravelplanB．Anexamresult.C．Asportsgame.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatisprobablytheman?A．Apilot.B．Adoctor.C．Apassenger.7．Whereareprobablythespeakers?A．Inthehospital.B．Ontheplane.C．Inthedrugstore.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatkindofbookdoesthewomanwant?A．Abookonwriting.B．Abookoncomputer.C．Abookontravel.9．Howwillthewomanfindthebookupstairs?A．Bytitle.B．Byauthor.C．Bytime.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whendidthespeakersgotothemovietheater?A．LastSunday.B．LastSaturday.C．LastFriday.11．WhatdoesTominviteNancytodo?A．Havelunch.B．Watchamovie.C．Gohiking.12．Whattimewillthespeakersprobablysetoff?A．At8:00.B．At9:00.C．At10:00.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．What’sthewoman’smajor?A．Management.B．French.C．Italian.14．Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthejob?A．Bylisteningtothemorningnews.B．Byreadingthenewspaper.C．Bycallinganemploymentservice.15．WhathadthewomanbeendoinginGeneva?A．Teachingatauniversity.B．Studyingforeignlanguages.C．Workingasasecretary.16．Whatwasthewomanaskedtodo?A．Prepareforaninterview.B．Callagaininadayortwo.C．Sendawrittenapplication.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WheredidMaxinegettheideatostartadogshelter?A．Fromabook.B．Fromaneighbor.C．Fromadoglover.18．WhathappenedtothedogafterMaxinewashedandfedit?A．Itrantothenextdoor.B．Itlookedlovelyandhappy.C．Itstartedbeingclosetoher.19．HowdoesMaxinepayfortheshelter?A．Thecitygovernmentanddogloverssupporther.B．Herfamilygiveshermoney.C．Shecollectsfeesfromneighbors.20．HowoldmightMaxinebe?A．Around8yearsold.B．Below10yearsold.C．Around17yearsold.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATraditionsarecustomsandbeliefsthatformapartofourculture.Theyarepracticedtoremindusofourhistoryandarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Sometraditionsareinterestingandwidespread,whileothersarequitestrangeandpracticedonlybyasmallgroupofpeople.Continuereadingtodigmoreintosomeinterestingtraditionsfromaroundtheworld.SmigusDyngusinPolandAlsoknownas“WetMonday”,SmigusDyngusisauniquetraditionpracticedinPoland,wherepeoplethrowwaterateachother.ItiscelebratedannuallyonEasterMonday.Thetraditionalwaytodoitisforboystothrowwateratgirls,anditisbelievedthatthegirlwhoreceivesthemostwaterhasthegreatestchanceofgettingmarried.Hangingcoffins(棺槨)inSagada,thePhilippinesThereisanoldtraditioninSagadawherepeoplehangtheircoffinsinstonecaves.ItwascarriedoutbytheIgorottribe(部落)ofMountainProvince.Thepeopletherebelievethiscustompreventslargeanimalsfromtakingthedeadbodies,andalsopurifiesorblessesthedepartedsoul.ThePolterabendcustominGermanyFamilymembersandfriendsoffuturemarriedcouplesmeetatdinner,andbreakalotofporcelain(瓷器).Thecoupleisthenaskedtocleanuptheentiremess.Thisissupposedlytoteachthemtheimportanceofunityandhardwork,andbringgoodluck.Germansthinkthistraditionisessentialinmakingmarriageslastalifetime.BoryeongMudFestivalintheROKTheBoryeongMudFestivalintheROKisafascinatinganduniquecelebrationthatdrawscrowdsfromaroundtheworld.Itisamajorculturalevent,attractingoveramillionvisitorsannually.Peopleparticipateinvariousmud-relatedactivities,includingmudbaths,mudwrestlingandevenamudmarathon.Thefestivalfeatureslivemusic,foodstalls,andwonderfulstreetperformances.1.WhyarethecoffinshungincavesinSagada?A.Toprayforgoodluck.B.Toprotectthedeadbodies.C.Toensureafuturereunion.D.Toconservemorelandresources.2.Whichtraditioncontributestoalastingmarriage?A.SmigusDyngus.B.HangingcoffinsinSagada.C.ThePolterabendcustom.D.BoryeongMudFestival.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoduringtheBoryeongMudFestival?A.Throwwateratgirls.B.LearnaboutIgorotculture.C.Meetfamouspeople.D.Enjoymudbaths.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界各地四種不同的有趣的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThereisanoldtraditioninSagadawherepeoplehangtheircoffinsinstonecaves.ItwascarriedoutbytheIgorottribe(部落)ofMountainProvince.Thepeopletherebelievethiscustompreventslargeanimalsfromtakingthedeadbodies,andalsopurifiesorblessesthedepartedsoul.(在菲律賓Sagada有一個古老的傳統(tǒng)，人們將棺材懸掛在石洞里。這是由MountainProvince的Igorot部落執(zhí)行的。當(dāng)?shù)厝苏J為這種習(xí)俗可以防止大型動物吃掉死者，同時也能凈化或祝福逝者的靈魂。)”可知，在菲律賓Sagada人們將棺材懸掛在石洞里是為了防止大型動物吃掉死者，也就是為了保護尸體。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ThePolterabendcustominGermany”部分中的“Familymembersandfriendsoffuturemarriedcouplesmeetatdinner,andbreakalotofporcelain(瓷器).Thecoupleisthenaskedtocleanuptheentiremess.Thisissupposedlytoteachthemtheimportanceofunityandhardwork,andbringgoodluck.Germansthinkthistraditionisessentialinmakingmarriageslastalifetime.(未來夫妻的家人和朋友在晚餐時相聚，打破大量瓷器。然后要求這對新人清理整個混亂局面。據(jù)說這是為了教導(dǎo)他們團結(jié)和努力工作的重要性，并帶來好運。德國人認為這一傳統(tǒng)對維持婚姻的終身至關(guān)重要。)”可知，德國的ThePolterabendcustom有助于維持持久的婚姻。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheBoryeongMudFestivalintheROKisafascinatinganduniquecelebrationthatdrawscrowdsfromaroundtheworld.Itisamajorculturalevent,attractingoveramillionvisitorsannually.Peopleparticipateinvariousmud-relatedactivities,includingmudbaths,mudwrestlingandevenamudmarathon.Thefestivalfeatureslivemusic,foodstalls,andwonderfulstreetperformances.(韓國的保寧泥灘節(jié)是一個引人入勝且獨特的慶祝活動，吸引了來自世界各地的游客。這是一個重要的文化活動，每年吸引超過一百萬的游客。人們參與各種與泥有關(guān)的活動，包括泥浴、泥地摔跤甚至泥地馬拉松。節(jié)日里還有現(xiàn)場音樂、食品攤位和精彩的街頭表演。)”可知，在韓國保寧泥灘節(jié)上，游客可以參與各種與泥有關(guān)的活動，包括泥浴、泥地摔跤甚至泥地馬拉松。故選D。BJiangShumeiwasn’teducatedasachild,learningherfirstChinesecharacterattheageof60.Now,the87-year-oldgrandmotheristheproudauthorofsixbooks.Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinacaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsorrow.Zhangsaysthathermotherhadherownwayoflearning.Whenevershecameacrosscharactersshedidn’tknowatbusstopsorshopsigns,shefoundsomeonetoask.OnceJianghadlearnedenoughcharacters,Zhangstartedgivingherbookstoread.Enjoyingthebooks,Jiangtoldherdaughterthatshewantedtowritedownherownstoriestoshare.Shefirstputpentopaperin2012,attheageof75.Itwasnoteasy.Sometimes,completingasinglesentencecouldtakeaday.Jiangusuallystartedwritingat3or4am,andrevisedthepiecesseveraltimesuntilshewassatisfied.Zhangbeganpublishinghermother’sstoriesonsocialmediaplatformsin2013.WhenZhangandhermotherdrewtheattentionofZhang’swriterfriends,thepairmadeadecisiontopublishthem.Thefirstbook,TimeofTrouble,TimeofPoverty,waspublishedlaterthatyear,andprovedtobeasuccess.Somecriticsevenpraiseditasthe“l(fā)ivehistoryofanationplaguedbytoughtimes”.ThebookearnedJiangalotoffansandsympathy.Sofar,theelderlywomanhaspublishedsixbooks,totalingmorethan600,000charactersinlength.Shelivesahealthylife,exercisingeveryday,drinkingmilkandsoymilk,aswellashavingregularexercise.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.4.WhydidJianglearntoreadinherlateryears?A.Tobecomeaproudauthor.B.Tomakeupfornotgoingtoschool.C.Toencourageherfriendsandfamilies.D.Toreducetheimpactofherhusband’sdeath.5.WhatmadeJiangdecidetopublishherfirstbook?A.Astronginnerdesire. B.Theattentionfromotherwriters.C.Herdaughter’sencouragement. D.Thedevelopmentofsocialmedia.6.Whatdosetheunderlinedword“plagued”inparagraph4mean?A.Aided. B.Enlarged. C.Troubled. D.Defeated.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.AllroadsleadtoRome.C.Wherethereislife,thereislove.D.Goldcan’tbepureandmancan’tbeperfect.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過描述張愛玲的母親姜淑梅在60歲以后開始學(xué)習(xí)漢字并成為作家的故事，告訴我們：活到老，學(xué)到老。4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinacaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsorrow.(1996年，她的丈夫在一場車禍中去世，她的女兒張愛玲建議她學(xué)習(xí)閱讀，以消除她的孤獨和悲傷，她學(xué)會了第一個漢字。)”可知，姜女士在晚年學(xué)習(xí)閱讀，以減少丈夫去世的影響。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“WhenZhangandhermotherdrewtheattentionofZhang’swriterfriends,thepairmadeadecisiontopublishthem.(當(dāng)張和她的母親引起了她的作家朋友們的注意時，兩人決定出版這些作品。)”可知，受到其他作家的關(guān)注，姜決定出版她的第一本書。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Thefirstbook,TimeofTrouble,TimeofPoverty,waspublishedlaterthatyear,andprovedtobeasuccess.(她的第一本書《亂時候，窮時候》于當(dāng)年晚些時候出版，并取得了成功。)”可知，姜的第一本書很成功，結(jié)合下文“bytoughtimes”，因此推斷畫線句句意：一些評論家甚至稱贊它是“一個飽受艱難時期困擾的國家的活生生的歷史”。plagued意為“困擾”，與C項意思接近。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Sofar,theelderlywomanhaspublishedsixbooks,totalingmorethan600,000charactersinlength.Shelivesahealthylife,exercisingeveryday,drinkingmilkandsoymilk,aswellashavingregularexercise.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.(到目前為止，這位老婦人已經(jīng)出版了六本書，總長度超過60萬字。她過著健康的生活，每天鍛煉，喝牛奶和豆?jié){，并定期鍛煉?！叭绻夷芑畹?30歲，你還會說我60歲以后再開始太遲嗎?”她開玩笑地問道。)”可推知，從姜的故事，我們知道活到老，學(xué)到老的道理。故選A。CIcouldn’tsleepatalllastnight,andmysisterbelievesitwasbecauseIateabowlofreallyspicy(辛辣的)foodbeforebedtime.However,Iwasskepticalabouttheconnectionbetweenspicyfoodsandsleep.Caneatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetrulyimpactone’ssleepquality?Somepeoplebelievethateatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimecandisruptsleepbyincreasingbodytemperatureandcausingheartburn.Itmaybeworthavoidingspicyfoodsclosetobedtime.Tofindouttherelation,theresearchersinAustraliaconductedanexperimenttoinvestigatetheeffectsofspicyfoodsonsleep.Theyprovidedagroupofindividualswithdeliciouslate-nightmeals,alternating(交替)betweenspicyandmildoptions.Theresultsrevealedthatconsumingspicyfoodsledtodisruptedsleeppatterns,causingparticipantstotakelongertofallasleepandsleepforshortertime.Thisdatasupportedthebeliefthatthereisacorrelationbetweeneatingspicyfoodsandexperiencingsleepdisturbances.Whiletheexactmechanism(機制)bywhichspicyfoodsinfluencesleepremainsunclear,researchershaveproposedseveralpossibilities.Oneisthatstomachdiscomfortresultingfromspicyfoodconsumptionmayaffectsleepquality.Additionally,thelongdigestion(消化)ofspicyfoodscoulddelaythestartofsleep.Furthermore,spicyfoodscontainsomethingthatcanraisebodytemperature,whichhasbeenlinkedtopoorsleepinpreviousstudies.Giventhesefindings,itisadvisabletoavoidconsumingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetopromotebettersleep.Nexttime,Iwillfollowmysister’sadviceandoptforamildermealintheeveningtoensurearestfulnight’ssleep.8.Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofeatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtime?A.Itcanmakepeopleaddictivetoit.B.Itcanbebadfordigestion.C.Itcanmakesleepdifficult.D.Itcanleadtoanincreaseinenergylevels.9.HowdidAustralianresearchersconductthisstudy?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bystudyingpapers.C.Bydoinganexperiment. D.Bydoinginterviews.10.Whatcanweknowfromthestudy?A.Spicyfoodstakelongtodigest.B.Bodytemperaturehasnoeffectonsleep.C.Badeatinghabitchangessleeppatterns.DSleepproblemsmaybecausedbybadhabits.11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toforbidchildrenfromhavingspicyfoods.B.Tosuggestnoteatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtime.C.Topromotesomehealthyfoodthatisnotspicy.D.Tokeepupwiththelatesthealthyfoodresearch.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講的是睡前吃辛辣食物會影響睡眠，所以建議睡前不吃辛辣食物?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Somepeoplebelievethateatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimecandisruptsleepbyincreasingbodytemperatureandcausingheartburn.Itmaybeworthavoidingspicyfoodsclosetobedtime.(有些人認為睡前吃辛辣食物會升高體溫，引起胃灼熱，從而擾亂睡眠。睡前最好不要吃辛辣食物。)”可知，人們認為睡前吃辛辣食物會影響睡眠。故選C項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tofindouttherelation,theresearchersinAustraliaconductedanexperimenttoinvestigatetheeffectsofspicyfoodsonsleep.(為了找出兩者之間的關(guān)系，澳大利亞的研究人員進行了一項實驗，調(diào)查辛辣食物對睡眠的影響。)”可知澳大利亞研究人員通過做一個實驗進行了這項研究。故選C項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Additionally,thelongdigestion(消化)ofspicyfoodscoulddelaythestartofsleep.(此外，長時間消化辛辣食物可能會延遲睡眠的開始。)”可知辛辣食物需較長時間去消化。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Giventhesefindings,itisadvisabletoavoidconsumingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetopromotebettersleep.Nexttime,Iwillfollowmysister’sadviceandoptforamildermealintheeveningtoensurearestfulnight’ssleep.(考慮到這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡前避免食用辛辣食物以促進更好的睡眠是明智的。下次，我會聽從姐姐的建議，晚上吃一頓溫和的飯，以確保晚上睡個安穩(wěn)覺。)”可知睡前避免食用辛辣食物可以促進更好的睡眠，所以可以推斷這篇文章的目的是建議睡前不要吃辛辣食物。故選B項。DScientistsagreethatpredicting(預(yù)測)whenandwhereanearthquakewilloccurandhowbigitwillbeisnotyetpossible.Therefore,muchresearchhasfocusedoncomingupwithwaystoreducethedamagefromearthquakes,ratherthantryingtopredictwhentheywilloccur.Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.BatmanathanisanearthquakegeologistattheNationalUniversityofMalaysia.HeisactivelyengagedinmappingtheareassurroundingearthquakesinBorneo.Faults(斷層)areplacesintheEarth’scrust(地殼)thatareweaktosuddenmovementbetweenmassesofrock,resultinginoccasionalearthquakes.Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)intheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.Batmanathanisusingavarietyoftoolstomapfaults.Workingonthegroundtomaptheareaisjustoneofthemethodsheemploys.Healsousesimagesfromsatellitesandground-penetratingradar(GPR).GPRisatechnologythatcreatesanundergroundimagewithoutdigging.Ithasmanyapplications,fromfindingthewaterleveltounderstandsoilandrocktypesforconstructionprojects.Batmanathanandothersareusingthistechnologytomapfaults,andtheareasaroundfaults,togainaclearerpictureofpotentialearthquakedamage.Itmightnoteverbepossibletoknowexactlywhenorwhereanearthquakewillhappen,butBatmanathanhopesthathisworkwillhelpeducatepeopleandbetterpreparethemforearthquakes.12.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Providingevidence. B.Givingsuggestions.C.Introducingthetopic. D.Drawingaconclusion.13.WhatisBatmanathanactivelyworkingoninBorneo?A.Studyingvolcanoes. B.Recordingrivers.C.Predictingearthquakes. D.Studyingfaults.14.WhatdoweknowaboutGPRfromparagraph3?A.Itcanpredictwhereanearthquakewillhappen.B.Itcanbeappliedinmappingfaults.C.Itcanpredictthetimeofearthquakes.D.Itcantestthequalityofthesoil.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MappingFaultsforSaferConstructionB.ChallengesinPredictingEarthquakesC.TheFutureofEarthquakePredictionD.TechnologyforReducingEarthquakes【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。找到地表下的更多信息有助于開發(fā)商和其他人在建造建筑物時做出更安全的選擇。這就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。文章主要介紹了他的工作?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Scientistsagreethatpredicting(預(yù)測)whenandwhereanearthquakewilloccurandhowbigitwillbeisnotyetpossible.Therefore,muchresearchhasfocusedoncomingupwithwaystoreducethedamagefromearthquakes,ratherthantryingtopredictwhentheywilloccur.Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.(科學(xué)家們一致認為，預(yù)測地震發(fā)生的時間和地點以及地震的強度是不可能的。因此，許多研究都集中在尋找減少地震破壞的方法上，而不是試圖預(yù)測地震何時發(fā)生。具體來說，找到地表下的更多信息有助于開發(fā)商和其他人在建造建筑物時做出更安全的選擇。這就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。)”可知，第1段的作用是引出本文主題，即NavakaneshMBatmanathan的工作。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“BatmanathanisanearthquakegeologistattheNationalUniversityofMalaysia.HeisactivelyengagedinmappingtheareassurroundingearthquakesinBorneo.Faults(斷層)areplacesintheEarth’scrust(地殼)thatareweaktosuddenmovementbetweenmassesofrock,resultinginoccasionalearthquakes.Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)intheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.(Batmanathan是馬來西亞國立大學(xué)的地震地質(zhì)學(xué)家。他積極投身于婆羅洲地震周邊地區(qū)的測繪工作。斷層是地殼中對巖石之間的突然運動不敏感的地方，會導(dǎo)致偶爾的地震。Batmanathan正在繪制斷層圖，以及斷層區(qū)域的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，希望能減少地震可能造成的潛在破壞。開發(fā)人員和工程師可以利用這些知識來規(guī)劃最安全的建筑地點和需要抗震結(jié)構(gòu)的地方。)”可知，他在婆羅洲積極從事研究斷層。故選D。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Batmanathanandothersareusingthistechnologytomapfaults,andtheareasaroundfaults,togainaclearerpictureofpotentialearthquakedamage.(Batmanathan和其他人正在利用這項技術(shù)繪制斷層和斷層周圍區(qū)域的地圖，以更清楚地了解潛在的地震破壞情況。)”可知，它可以應(yīng)用于繪制斷層和斷層周圍區(qū)域的地圖。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.(具體來說，找到地表下的更多信息有助于開發(fā)商和其他人在建造建筑物時做出更安全的選擇。這就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。)”和第二段中“Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructureintheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.(Batmanathan正在繪制斷層圖，以及斷層區(qū)域的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，希望能減少地震可能造成的潛在破壞。開發(fā)人員和工程師可以利用這些知識來規(guī)劃最安全的建筑地點和需要抗震結(jié)構(gòu)的地方。)”可知，找到地表下的更多信息有助于開發(fā)商和其他人在建造建筑物時做出更安全的選擇。這就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。文章主要介紹了他的工作。A選項“MappingFaultsforSaferConstruction(為更安全的施工繪制斷層圖)”符合題意。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Akitchengardenproducesvegetablesfordelicious,healthymeals.Itdoesn’thavetoberightoutsidethekitchendoor,butthecloseritis,thebetter.____16____,themorelikelyitisthatyouwillgettastythingsoutofit.Justafewstepsareneededforwhatyouwant.____17____.Themostimportantrecommendationisstartwithwhatyouliketoeat.Thismaygowithoutsaying,butIhaveseenfirst-yeargardensthatdon’treflecttheeatinghabitsoftheirgrowers.Oneoftheeasiestandmostrewardingandpopularkitchengardensisasimplesaladgarden.Itcanproducemultipleharvestsinmostpartsofthecountry.Plantingagarden:where,whenandhow.Makeagardenplanofwhatwillbeplanted,where,whenandhow.____18____.Itmeansyoushouldknowwhattheylikeintermsofspace,water,soilfertility(肥力)andsoiltemperatures.Whenandhowmuchtowateryourgarden.Vegetablesaremademostlyofwater.____19____.You’llwanttowaterthemlightlyeverydayortwo.Ifnatureisn’tprovidingthatamountofrain,you’llneedtowaterbyyourselforwithadripirrigationsystem.Gardenmaintenance:keepaneyeonit.Sunandrainwilling,fastgrowerssuchasradishes(蘿卜)andsaladgreenswillbegintoproducecropsasearlyas20to30daysafterplanting.Checkonthemregularlysoyougettoharvestthembeforesomeoneelsedoes.____20____.A.ChoosinggardencropsB.GettingreadyforgardensiteC.TheeasieritisforyoutogetintothegardenD.SoyouneedtoensureyourplantshaveenoughwaterE.YoushowaninterestinhowtoproducemultipleharvestsF.Todothis,youneedtogetfamiliarwithallkindsofcropsG.Besides,protectivebarriersandorganicproductscanpreventpestsanddiseases【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，介紹了如何創(chuàng)建自己的簡易菜園?！?6題詳解】由下文“themorelikelyitisthatyouwillgettastythingsoutofit.(你就越有可能從中得到美味的食物)”可知，本句用“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，故C選項“Theeasieritisforyoutogetintothegarden(你越容易進入花園)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳解】由下文“Themostimportantrecommendationisstartwithwhatyouliketoeat.Thismaygowithoutsaying,butIhaveseenfirst-yeargardensthatdon’treflecttheeatinghabitsoftheirgrowers.Oneoftheeasiestandmostrewardingandpopularkitchengardensisasimplesaladgarden.Itcanproducemultipleharvestsinmostpartsofthecountry.(最重要的建議是從你喜歡吃什么開始。這可能是不言而喻的，但我看到第一年的菜園并沒有反映出種植者的飲食習(xí)慣。最簡單、最有益、最受歡迎的菜園之一就是簡單的沙拉菜園。它可以在該國大部分地區(qū)產(chǎn)生多次收獲。)”可知，本空要說跟“選擇作物”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項“Choosinggardencrops(選擇花園作物)”能夠概括段落大意，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳解】由上文“Plantingagarden:where,whenandhow.Makeagardenplanofwhatwillbeplanted,where,whenandhow.(種植花園：地點、時間和方式。制定一個種植計劃，包括種植什么、何時、何地以及如何種植。)”可知，熟悉各種作物才能做到這一點，故F選項“Todothis,youneedtogetfamiliarwithallkindsofcrops(要做到這一點，你需要熟悉各種作物)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。【19題詳解】由上文“Whenandhowmuchtowateryourgarden.Vegetablesaremademostlyofwater.(什么時候給花園澆水，澆多少水。蔬菜主要是由水組成的)”可知，水對植物很重要，要確保植物的水分，故D選項“Soyouneedtoensureyourplantshaveenoughwater(所以你需要確保你的植物有足夠的水)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?0題詳解】由上文“Gardenmaintenance:keepaneyeonit.Sunandrainwilling,fastgrowerssuchasradishes(蘿卜)andsaladgreenswillbegintoproducecropsasearlyas20to30daysafterplanting.Checkonthemregularlysoyougettoharvestthembeforesomeoneelsedoes.(花園保養(yǎng)：留意一下。如果陽光和雨水充足，蘿卜和沙拉蔬菜等快速生長的作物最早將在種植后20至30天開始生產(chǎn)。定期檢查它們，這樣你就可以在別人之前收獲它們。)”可知，本空要說跟“菜園維護”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項“Besides,protectivebarriersandorganicproductscanpreventpestsanddiseases(此外，防護屏障和有機產(chǎn)品可以預(yù)防病蟲害)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Inahugebuildingafteralongdaywork,Ifoundmyselfstandingnexttoayoungmanwithanice____21____.Hissmilewassowarmthatwebeganachat.Thechat____22____whatwehadincommon:WeallcametoNewYorkfromdifferentcountries.IcomefromGermanywhilehecomesfromSouthAmerica.Weexchanged____23____aboutthedifficultiesofstartinganewlifeinanewcountry.Italkedtohim,“I’vebeensearchingforanapartmentwithinwalkingdistancefrommy____24____.AndwhatIwantistorentonewitha____25____viewofCentralPark!MaybeI’mjust____26____.Ican’taffordto____27____aroomlikethatmyselfandIhaven’tfoundaroommateto____28____theexpense.”Theyoungmanwroteanumberdownonapieceof____29____.“Hername’sSallyandsheisagoodgirl,”hesaid.“You’lllikeher,andsheneedsaroommate.”Icalledherrightaway.Later,she_____30_____mybestroommate.Sallytoldmethatsheandtheyoungmanwerenot_____31_____atallandtheyjustmetonce.“Maybeheknowsofyoubeforebecauseyouare_____32_____inthatbigcompanyforyourhardworking_____33_____,”ItoldSally.Hearingthat,Sallywassohappy.Eventhoughyouareasmallpotatoinyourlife,youcanstillwinyour_____34_____byworkinghardordoingsomething_____35_____toothers.21.A.personality B.smile C.attitude D.voice22.A.proved B.replied C.showed D.defined23.A.styles B.stories C.lectures D.methods24.A.job B.school C.building D.home25.A.narrow B.personal C.good D.powerful26.A.cheating B.dreaming C.competing D.pretending27.A.buy B.make C.have D.rent28.A.increase B.waste C.pair D.share29.A.cake B.music C.wood D.paper30.A.found B.told C.became D.asked31.A.relatives B.friends C.families D.roommates32.A.well-trained B.well-balanced C.well-known D.well-educated33.A.spirit B.time C.goal D.design34.A.future B.heart C.honour D.trust35.A.effective B.helpful C.skillful D.creative【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者遇到了一個愛笑的年輕人，經(jīng)過簡單的交談后，年輕人知道作者想要找人合租房子，于是給了作者Sally的電話，后來作者和Sally成為了最好的室友。作者感悟到即使你是你生活中的一個小土豆，你仍然可以通過努力工作或做一些對別人有幫助的事情來贏得你的榮譽?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一天漫長的工作后，在一座巨大的大樓里，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己站在一個微笑著的年輕人旁邊。A.personality個性；B.smile微笑；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.voice嗓音。根據(jù)“Hissmilewassowarm”可知，此處是信息詞smile的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：聊天顯示了我們的共同點：我們都是從不同的國家來到紐約的。A.proved證明；B.replied回復(fù)；C.showed展示；D.defined下定義。根據(jù)“WeallcametoNewYorkfromdifferentcountries.”可知，聊天顯示了作者和那個年輕人的共同點是從不同的國家來到紐約。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們交換了在一個新國家開始新生活困難的故事。A.styles風(fēng)格；B.stories故事；C.lectures演講；D.methods方法。根據(jù)“aboutthedifficultiesofstartinganewlifeinanewcountry.”可知，作者和那位年輕人交換自己的故事。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對他說:“我一直在找一個離我工作地點步行就能到的公寓。”A.job工作；B.school學(xué)校；C.building建筑；D.home家。根據(jù)“withinwalkingdistance”可知，作者想要找一個離自己工作地點步行就能到的公寓。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想租一間能看到中央公園的房子！A.narrow狹窄的；B.personal個人的；C.good好的；D.powerful有影響力的。根據(jù)“CentralPark”可知，作者想租一間能有好的視野看到中央公園的房子。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也許我只是在做夢。A.cheating欺騙；B.dreaming夢想；C.competing競爭；D.pretending假裝。根據(jù)“Ican’taffordto____7____aroomlikethatmyselfandIhaven’tfoundaroommateto____8____theexpense.”可知，作者自己一個人租不起像那樣的房間，也沒有找到人合租，因此作者認為自己是在做夢。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己租不起那樣的房間，而且我還沒有找到室友來分擔(dān)費用。A.buy買；B.make制作；C.have有；D.rent出租。根據(jù)下文“Ihaven’tfoundaroommateto____8____theexpense”可知，作者自己租不起那樣的房間。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.increase增加；B.waste浪費；C.pair配對；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文““Hername’sSallyandsheisagoodgirl,”hesaid.“You’lllikeher,andsheneedsaroommate.””可知，作者沒有找到分擔(dān)房租的人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕人在一張紙上寫下了一個號碼。A.cake蛋糕；B.music音樂；C.wood木材；D.paper紙。根據(jù)“Theyoungmanwroteanumberdown”可知，在紙上寫下一個號碼。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，她成了我最好的室友。A.found找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.told告訴；C.became成為；D.asked問。根據(jù)“mybestro