2023北京大學考博英語模擬題2(考卷附答案)

2012北京大學考博英語模擬題2（考卷）一、閱讀理解（每題2分，共40分）SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedtenquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorstatement,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Toprotectonlineprivacy,individualsshouldtakecertainmeasures.Firstly,theyshouldusestrongpasswordsandchangethemregularly.Secondly,theyshouldbecautiousaboutsharingpersonalinformationonsocialmedia.Thirdly,itisimportanttokeepsoftwareandantivirusprogramsupdatedtopreventhacking.1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A)TheInternetisapowerfultool.B)TheInternethasnegativeeffects.C)TheInternetconnectspeople.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanegativeeffectoftheInternet?A)InvasionofprivacyB)FinanciallossesC)StalkingD)Sharinginformation3.Whatistheconsequenceofidentitytheft?A)FinanciallossesB)DamagetoreputationC)StalkingD)Alloftheabove4.Whichofthefollowingmeasurescanprotectonlineprivacy?A)UsingweakpasswordsB)SharingpersonalinformationonsocialmediaC)Keepingsoftwareupdated5.Whoshouldberesponsibleforprotectingusers'privacy?A)IndividualsC)HackersD)SocialmediaplatformsPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheworldtoday.Itreferstosignificantchangesintemperature,precipitation,windpatterns,andothermeasuresofclimatethatoccuroverseveraldecadesorlonger.Humanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuels,havecontributedtotheaccelerationofclimatechange.Tomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange,itiscrucialtoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Oneeffectivewayistotransitiontorenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower.Governmentsshouldalsoimplementpoliciestopromoteenergyconservationandsustainabletransportation.6.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechange?A)NaturaldisastersB)HumanactivitiesC)SolarradiationD)Windpatterns7.Whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofclimatechange?A)HeatwavesB)HurricanesC)DroughtsD)Alloftheabove8.Whatisthesolutiontomitigateclimatechange?A)BurningmorefossilfuelsB)TransitioningtorenewableenergyC)PromotingdeforestationD)Usingmoreplastic9.Whyisinternationalcooperationimportantinaddressingclimatechange?A)TosharetechnologyandresourcesB)TopromoteeconomicgrowthC)ToincreasegreenhousegasemissionsD)ToignoretheissueA)EnergyconservationB)SustainabletransportationC)DeforestationD)TransitioningtorenewableenergySectionBDirections:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorstatement,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha一、閱讀理解答案SectionA1.B2.D3.D4.C5.B6.B7.D8.B9.A10.CSectionB（因題目未給出，故無法提供答案）1.理論基礎(chǔ)部分知識點分類（1）互聯(lián)網(wǎng)隱私權(quán)（2）氣候變化及其影響（3）可再生能源與可持續(xù)發(fā)展2.各題型所考察學生的知識點詳解及示例（1）細節(jié)理解題（如第1、3、4題）考察學生對文章細節(jié)信息的捕捉能力。例如，第1題要求學生理解文章第一段的主旨，正確答案為B，因為第一段主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的負面影響。（2）推理判斷題（如第2、7題）考察學生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進行推理判斷的能力。例如，第2題要求學生判斷哪項不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的負面影響，正確答案為D，因為分享信息并非負面影響。（3）主旨大意題（如第6題）考察學生對文章整體內(nèi)容的把握能力。例如，第6題要求學生找出氣候變化的主要原因，正確答案為B，因為文章明確提到人類活動是氣候變化的主要原因。（4）觀點態(tài)度題（如第9題）考察學生理解作者觀點態(tài)度的能力。例如，第9題要求學生理解國際合作在應(yīng)對氣候變化中的重要性，正確答案為A，因為文章提到國際合作用于分享技術(shù)和資源。（5）事實細節(jié)題（如第8題