職稱英語衛(wèi)生類b級模擬3

職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級模擬3

第1部分：詞匯選項

下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面

所給的4個選項中選擇1個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

1>Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

A.forceB.influence

C.surpriseD.power

2、Canyoufollowtheplotsofar?

A.changeB.investigate

C.writeD.understand

3、Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

A.physicalB.mental

C.naturalD.hard

4、Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

A.resultB.judgment

C.decisionD.event

5、NormanBlarneyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

A.statementsB.beliefs

C.suggestionsD.claims

6、UPtonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

A.SoB.Solong

C.SothatD.Sofar

7、Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

A.supposedB.excited

C.suggestedD.discussed

8、Accordinglyfanumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed

A.ThereforeB.Afterwards

C,HoweverD,Furthermore

9、Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking

A.viewB.sight

C.lookD.point

10、Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

A.tenselyB.nearly

C.carefullyD.closely

11>Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

A.explainedB.invented

C.consideredD.accepted

12>Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

A.heavyB.mild

C.kindD.wild

13、Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

A.makingB.taking

C.discussingD.expecting

14、Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.

A.wasteB.buy

C.useD.sell

15>Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

A.functionB.ability

C.powerD.volume

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判

斷。

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）virus（HIV）,

oneofmankind1smostfearedviruses,asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfight

cancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhas

analmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody*simmune（免疫的）defenses,making

itidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients1bodies,accordingto

theObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld1sleading

researchcentersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreedof

HIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration

（FDA.tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治療）trialsthisyear.Thefirsttrials

areexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecured

bysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorinderVermasaidtheHIVtechnique

wouldhaveHflatwiderapplications".

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmaking

useofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworld

inthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficial

purposewas"shocking"butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhaving

allsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient1s

bodyfailstoworkproperly,Inthepasttwoyearszbreakthroughsingenetics

（遺傳學）haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthat

donotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately,thebody1simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthe

modifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheir

taskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitable

carrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,theimmune

defensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractive

toscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients1

bodies.

16、FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeen

removed.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody*simmunecells.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrials

soon.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>ItisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressInusingreplacement

genestocurecancer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中

為第2?5段每段選擇1個正確的小標題：（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4

個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。

FriendlyRelationswiththePeopleAround

1.Youdependonallthepeoplecloselyaroundtogiveyouthewarmfeeling

ofbelongingness（歸屬）thatyoumusthavetofeelsecure.But,infactzthe

membersofallthegroupstowhichyoubelongalsodependonyoutogivethat

feelingtothem.Apersonwhoshowsthathewantseverythingforhimselfis

bound（一定的）tobealonelywolf.

2.Theneedforcompanionshipiscloselyrelatedtotheneedforasenseof

belongingness.Howsadandlonelyyourlifewouldbeifyouhadnooneto

shareyourfeelingsandexperiences.Youmaytakeitforgrantedthatthere

alwayswillbepeoplearoundtotalktoandtodothingswithyouandfor

you.Theimportantpoint,however,isthatkeepingemotionallyhealthydoes

notdependsomuchuponhavingpeoplearoundyouasuponyourabilitytoestablish

relationshipsthataresatisfyingbothtoyouandtothem.

3.Supposeyouareinacrowdwatchingafootballgame.Youdon*tknowthem.

Whenthegameisover,youwillallgoyourseparateways.Butjustfora

whileyouhadafeelingofcompanionshipzofsharingthefeelingsofothers

whowerecheeringfortheteamyouwantedtowin.

4.Anexperienceofthiskindgivestheclue（線索）towhatcompanionshipreally

is,Itdependsuponemotionaltiesofsympathy,understandingztrust,and

affection.Companionsbecomefriendswhenthesetiesareformed.

5.Whenyouarethrowninanewcircleofacquaintances（熟人）,youmaynot

knowwithwhomyouwillmakefriends,butyoucanbesurethatyouwillbe

abletoestablishfriendshipsifyoushowthatyoureallylikepeople.

AMakingfriendswithnewacquaintances

BCloselinkbetweencompanionshipandbelongingness

CHowtosatisfyotherpeople1sneeds

DAnexampleofasatisfyingrelationship

EDifficultiesinestablishingfriendships

FWhatcompanionshipreallyis

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27>Awithoutpity

Bsadandlonely

Cemotionallyhealthy

Dwithoutrealloveforthem

Easenseofsecurity

Falonelywolf

Ifyouhadnoonetoshareyourfeelings,yourlifewouldbe.

28>Thewarmfeelingofbelongingnessmaygiveyou.

29、Theabilitytoestablishfinerelationswithotherswillkeepyou

30>Youwillfindithardtomakefriendswithpeople.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面著3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請根據文章的內容,

從每題所給的4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。

/第J一篇4Ttj

GivingUpSmoking

Anumberofdevicesareavailabletohelpapersonquitsmoking.Nicotine

（尼古?。﹑atchesaresmallznicotine-containingadhesive（粘著的）discsapplied

totheskin.Thenicotineisslowlyabsorbedthroughtheskinandentersthe

bloodstream（血流）.Overtimezthenicotinedoseisreducedandeventually

thedesirefornicotineiseased.Nicotinegum（口香糖）worksinasimilar

manner,providingsmalldosesofnicotinewhenchewed（咀嚼）.

Thebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludetheimmediatereductionofharm

tothehealthofthesmokerandeasieradmissiontosocialactivitiesand

institutionsthatbansmoking.Ina1988report,theU.S.SurgeonGeneral

declaredcigarettesmokingtobemoreharmfulandexpensivethantileuse

ofcocaine（可卡因），alcohol,orheroin.Recentevidencesupportsthisclaim.

TheUnitedStatesgovernmenthascollectedaspecialtaxoncigarettes

forseveraldecades.Theraterosefrom8centsperpackof20cigarettes

in1951to24centsperpackin1993.Inotherdevelopedcountries,thecigarette

taxrateismuchhigher,rangingfrom50percentinSwitzerlandto85percent

inDenmark.

IntheUnitedStateszthefirstdirectactiontochecksmokingwasthe

regulationofawarningoncigarettepackagesbytheFederalTradeCommission.

Thiswarningtookeffectin1964andwasstrengthenedin1969toread："Warning：

TheSurgeonGeneralHasDeterminedThatCigaretteSmokingIsDangerousto

YourHealth.11In1971allcigaretteadvertisingwasbannedfromradioand

television,andcitiesandstatespassedlawsrequiringnonsmokingsections

inpublicplacesandworkplaces.

31、Whichofthefollowingcanhelpapersonquitsmoking?

A.Readingcigaretteadvertisements.

B.Usingnicotinepatches.

C.Chewingordinarygum.

D.Participatinginsocialactivities.

32>Nicotinegumisusedtohelpasmoker

A.reduceweight.

B.stopsmoking.

C.cleanhisteeth.

D.absorbnicotineimmediately.

33、ThebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT

A.theformationofagoodhabit.

B.thereductionofexpenses.

C.thereductionofharmtoone*shealth.

D.easieraccesstoinstitutionsthatbansmoking.

34、Whichofthefollowingissaidtobethemostexpensiveandharmful?

A.Consumingalcohol.

B.Usingheroin.

C.Takingcocaine.

D.Smokingcigarettes.

35、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasteptocontrolsmoking?

A.Forbiddingsmokinginallpublicplaces.

B.Collectingaspecialtaxoncigarettes.

C.BanningcigaretteadvertisingfromradioandTV.

D.Requiringawarningoneachcigarettepackage：

弟一^扁

EffectsofExerciseonElderlyDiabetics（糖尿病人）

Mostolderpeoplewith,so-calledtype2diabetes（糖尿?。ヽouldstoptaking

insulin（胰島素）iftheywoulddobrisk（輕快的）exercisefor30minutesjust

threetimesaweek,accordingtonewmedicalresearchresultsreportedin

aCopenhagennewspaper.Resultsfromtestsconductedondiabeticsatthe

CopenhagencentralhospitalRigshospitalet*sCenterforMuscleResearchshowed

thatphysicalexercisecanboostthebody*sabilitytomakeuseofinsulin

by30percent.Thisisequaltotheeffectmostelderlydiabeticsgetfrom

theirinsulinmedication（藥物治療）today.

Researchershadagroupofnon-diabeticmenandagroupofmenwithtype

2diabeteszallmorethan60yearsofage,exerciseonbicyclessixtimes

aweekforthreemonths.Afterthethreemonthsthedoctorsmeasuredhowmuch

sugarthetestsubjects*musclescouldmakeuseofasameasureforhowwell

theirinsulinworked.

AssociateProfessorDrFlemmingDelaoftheMuscleResearchCentersaid

thetestsdemonstratedthattheexercisingdiabeticshadmadeasgooduse

ofinsulinasthehealthynon-diabeticpersons."Thismeansthattheinsulin

worksjustaswellforbothgroups.Physicalexercisecannotcurepeopleof

diabeteszbutitcaneliminatealmostalltheirsymptoms.Atthesametime

itcanputoffthepointatwhichtheyhavetobegintakinginsulin,HDela

said.

Insulinisahormoneproducedbythepancreas（胰腺）,controllingsugar

inthebodyandisusedagainstdiabetes.

Delasaidthattoachievethedesiredeffectdiabeticsneedonlyexercise

tothepointwheretheybegintosweat,butthattheactivityhastobemaintained

sinceitwearsoffafterfivedayswithoutsufficientexercise.

Mostdiabeticsrealizethattheyhavetowatchtheirdietwhileremaining

unawareoftheimportanceofexercise,Delaadded.

36、Whatistheeffectofexerciseonelderlypeoplewithtype2diabetes?

A.Itcanhelpthebodymakebetteruseofinsulin.

B.Itcanworsentheirsymptoms.

C.Itcanhelpthemtoeatmore.

D.Itcancurethemofthedisease.

37>Theexercisethattheresearcherstriedontheirtestsubjectswas

A.walkingbrisklyforthirtyminutesthreetimesaweek.

B.cyclingsixtimesaweekforthreemonths.

C.swimmingtwiceaday.

D.runningonceaday.

38、Theresearcherscheckedhowwellthetestsubjects*insulinworkedby

measuring

A.thebloodsugarlevelintheirbodies.

B.thelengthoftimetheycouldcycleatonebreath.

C.theamountofinsulintheytook.

D.theamountofsugartheirmusclescouldmakeuseof.

39、Itisrecommendedthatdiabeticsmaintainsufficientexercisesince

otherwise

A.theirsymptomswillgetworse.

B.thebloodsugarlevelwillgoup.

C.thedesiredeffectcannotbeachieved.

D.theirconditionwillbeoutofcontrol.

40、Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethatmostdiabeticsareignorantof

A.thenecessityofwatchingtheirdiet.

B.thesignificanceofregularexercise.

C.theneedtocontroltheirweight.

D.theconsequencesoftakingtoomuchinsulin,

第二篇

FirstAid

Firstaidisemergencycareforavictimofsuddenillnessorinjuryuntil

moreskillfulmedicaltreatmentisavailable.Itmaysavealifeorimprove

certainvitalsignsincludingpulse,temperature,aclearairway（氣道）,and

breathing.Inminoremergencies,firstaidmaypreventavictim'scondition

fromturningworseandproviderelieffrompain.Firstaidmustbeadministered

asquicklyaspossible.Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjured,afewminutes

canmakethedifferencebetweencompleterecoveryandlossoflife.

First-aidmeasuresdependuponavictim1sneedsandtheprovider1slevel

ofknowledgeandskill.Knowingwhatnottodeinanemergencyisasimportant

asknowingwhattodo.Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjury,for

examplezcanleadtopermanentspinal（脊柱的）injuryandparalysis（癱瘓）.

Despitethevarietyofinjuriespossible,severalprinciplesoffirstaid

applytoallemergencies.Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedical

help.Thevictim,ifconscious,shouldbereassuredthatmedicalaidhasbeen

requested,andaskedforpermissiontoprovideanyfirstaid.Next,assess

thescene,askingotherpeopleortheinjuredperson1sfamilyorfriendsabout

detailsoftheinjuryorillnesszanycarethatmayhavealreadybeengiven,

andpreexistingconditionssuchasdiabetes（糖尿?。﹐rhearttrouble.The

victimshouldbecheckedforamedicalbracelet（手鐲）orcardthatdescribes

specialmedicalconditions.Unlesstheaccidentscenebecomesunsafeorthe

victimmaysufferfurtherinjury,donetmovethevictim.

Firstaidrequiresrapidassessmentofvictimstodeterminewhether

life-threateningconditionsexist.Onemethodforevaluatingavictim*s

conditionisknownbytheacronym（首字母縮寫詞）ABC,whichstandsfor：

A-Airway：isitopenandclear?

B-Breathing：isthepersonbreathing?Lookzlisten,andfeelforbreathing.

C-Circulation：isthereapulse?Isthepersonbleedingexternally?Check

skincolorandtemperatureforadditionalindicationsofcirculationproblems.

41>FirstaidmaybringaboutallthefollowingresultsEXCEPT

A.savingavictim*slife.

B.preventingavictim*sconditionfromgettingworse.

C.helpingapersonavoidsuddenillnessorinjury,

D?relievingavictimfrompain.

42、Beforeweadministerfirstaidtoavictim,itisveryimportantforus

A.torefertoallkindsofhandbooksonfirstaid.

B.tomakesurewhattodoandwhatnottodo.

C.toremovetheringorbracelethemaybewearing.

D.totakehimtoahospitalatonce.

43、Inadministeringfirstaidtoavictim,youshouldfirstofall

A.removehimfromtheaccidentscene.

B.turnhimover.

C.examinehimcarefully.

D.callforprofessionalmedicalhelp.

44、Youmayassessavictim*sconditionbyallthefollowingEXCEPT

A.checkingwhetherthereisapulse.

B.looking,listeningandfeelingforbreathing.

C.examiningwhethertheairwayisopenandclear.

D.replacinghismedicalbraceletorcard.

45、Thepurposeofthepassageistotellthereader

A.somebasicfactsaboutfirstaid.

B.theimportanceofprotectingtheaccidentscene.

C.whatprofessionalmedicalhelpis.

D.whocanadministerfirstaid.

第5部分：補全對話

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據文章的內容選擇

5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

LoweringtheRiskofHeartDisease

LikemillionsofotherAmericans,Icomefromafamilywithahistoryof

heartdisease.Myfatherhadhisfirstthroeheartattackswhenhewasonly

thirty-one.46Igrewupwithheartdisease.Itwasthere,butIdidn11take

itseriously.

WhenIwasthirty-one,mybloodcholesterol（膽固醇）levelwasmeasured

forthefirsttime.Itwas311mg/dlzthedoctortoldme--anextremelyhigh

levelthatputmeataveryhighriskofheartdisease,especiallywithmy

familyhistory.HesentmetotheNationalInstitutesofHealth（NIH）tobe

screenedforparticipationinaclinicaltrial.47.

AtN工H,physiciansexplainedthedegreeofriskassociatedwithmyblood

cholesterollevelandthenatureoftheexperiment.Thistestinvolvesputting

atubethroughalegartery（動脈）uptotheheart.48

Learningabouttherisksoftheexperimentaswellastheriskassociated

withmyraisedbloodcholesterollevelscaredthelifeoutofme.Although

Iwasexcludedfromparticipatinginthestudy,theexperiencemaywellhave

savedmylife.

Forthefirsttime,Ibegantorealizetheseriousnessofhighblood

cholesterol.49Butequallyimportant,Igotatasteofwhatitisliketo

beapatientztohavetestsdoneonmeandtothinkofmyselfassick.This

washardtotake.

Thisexperiencetaughtmetwolifesavinglessons.FirstzalthoughIfelt

fitandstrong,Iwasactuallyathighriskforheartdiseasebecauseofmy

highbloodcholesterollevel.Andwithmyfamilyhistory,itcouldnotbe

ignored.50

AThedeathrateforthetestwasonly1in100,Iwasassured.

BSecond,Icouldlowermybloodcholesterollevelsimplybychangingwhat

Iate.

CIwasthreeyearsoldatthattime.

DThereisnotenoughoxygenintheblood.

EItwasaheartattackjustwaitingtohappen.

FThetrialwasdesignedtotesttheeffectofloweringbloodcholesterol

ontheriskofheartdisease.

第6部分：完形填空

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據短文的內容

從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。

ASpecialClock

Everylivingthinghaswhatscientistscallabiologicalclockthatcontrols

behavior.Thebiologicalclock51plantswhentoformflowersandwhenthe

flowersshouldopen.Ittellsinsectswhento52theprotectivecocoon（防

護卵袋）andflyaway,andittellsanimalsandhumanbeingswhentoeat,sleep

andwake.

Eventsoutsidetheplantandanimal53theactionsofsomebiological

clocks.Scientistsrecentlyfound,forexample,thatatinyanimalchanges

thecolorofitsfurbecauseofthe54ofhoursofdaylight.Intheshort55of

winter,itsfurbecomeswhite.Thefurbecomesgraybrownin56inthelonger

hoursofdayligh