Unit3Backtothepast詞匯學(xué)案-高中英語(yǔ)譯林版（2020）選擇性

選擇性必修三第三單元單詞學(xué)案1.breadthn.寬度；廣泛Theroomisfourmetersinbreadth.broadadj.廣闊的，廣泛的broadlyadv.大體上broadenv.拓寬broadenone’shorizons拓寬視野單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

Where

will

we

find

someonewith

her(broad)ofexperience?

②

O'Connell

Bridge

in

Dublin

isfamous

for

being(broad)

than

it

is

long.

③

Many

of

the

findings

in

this

studyare(broad)similarto

those

of

Jones.

④

They

are(broad)the

bridge

to

speed

up

the

flow

oftraffic.2.convincevt.使確信，使相信；說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)Youmustconvinceyourselfofyoursuccess.I'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtoseeadoctor.I’dconvincedmyselfthatIwasright.convincesbofsth/that...使某人相信某事convincesbtodosth說(shuō)服某人做某事convincedadj.確信的；深信的convincingadj.令人信服的；有說(shuō)服力的convincinglyadv.令人信服地;有說(shuō)服力地單句語(yǔ)法填空

①You'll

need

to

convince

themyour

enthusiasm

forthe

job.

②Oscar

convinced

the

manager(look)in

the

recordof

advance

ticket

sales.③Although

the

playersinour

teamare

young,

I'm

fully(convince)they

will

win

today.

④Scientists

say

there

is

no(convince)evidence

that

powerlines

have

anything

to

do

withcancer.3.voyagen.航海，航行，航天vi.航行，遠(yuǎn)行TheywillvoyageacrosstheAtlanticOcean.onone’sfirstvoyage第一次航行anaroundtheworldvoyage環(huán)球航行4.fleetn.艦隊(duì)；捕魚(yú)船隊(duì)；車(chē)隊(duì)5.navigatevt.航行；導(dǎo)航vi.導(dǎo)航Henavigatedhisboatthroughthestormywaters.navigationn.導(dǎo)航；航行navigatorn.航海家；領(lǐng)航員6.onbehalfof代表（或代替）；為幫助；為了OnbehalfoftheStudents'Union,I'mwritingtoinviteyoutogiveusaspeechonChinesehistory.MrJohnsoncannotbehere,sohiswifewillaccepttheprizeonhisbehalf.onbehalfofsb.=onone’sbehalf翻譯句子Thebossisn’thereatthemoment,butI’dbehappyto.老板現(xiàn)在不在，但我很樂(lè)意代表她簽合同。7.loadv.裝上,裝入n.負(fù)載,承載量；大量Thetruckwasloadedwithboxesoffruit.Pleasehelpmetoloadthesebagsintothecar.load...with

...往……里裝……o

/onto...把……裝到……里/上loads

of...=aloadof...大量/許多……takealoadoffone’smind使某人如釋重負(fù)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

On

the

day

of

the

party

the

tablewas

loadedfood.

②

How

long

will

it

take(load)the

sand

onto

the

lorry?

③

There

were

loadspeople

standing

beside.

④Please

load

the

programthe

puter.8passn.羅盤(pán)，指南針；圓規(guī)9.logn.航海日志，正式記錄；原木vi.&vt.伐木keepalog記航海日志logtrees伐木10.strengthenvt.&vi.加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)Exercisecanhelptostrengthenyourmuscles.strengthn.力量,力氣;[C]優(yōu)勢(shì),長(zhǎng)處buildupone’sstrength增強(qiáng)體力withallone’sstrength用全力strengthsandweaknesses(=advantagesanddisadvantages)優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)/長(zhǎng)處和短處strongadj.強(qiáng)大的;強(qiáng)壯的;強(qiáng)烈的;堅(jiān)定的;健康的,身體好的stronglyadv.強(qiáng)烈地;堅(jiān)決地單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

The

aim

of

the

meeting

is

to(strength)the

relationship

between

the

two

countries.

②

He

allows

them

to

give

advice

onhow

to

develop

his(strength)and

avoid

his

weaknesses.③We(strong)remendinsuring

against

sickness

or

injury.

④

He

pushed

against

the

rock

withall

his(strong).11.harmoniousadj.友好和睦的；協(xié)調(diào)的，和諧的Letusworktogethertocreateaharmoniouscampus!harmonyn.和諧，和睦；融洽；協(xié)調(diào)liveinharmonywith與…和諧相處strengthenharmoniousrelations加強(qiáng)和諧的關(guān)系12.dismissvt.不予考慮；對(duì)…不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散Washelying?Itriedtodismissthethought.Hewasdismissedfromhisjob.At12o'clocktheclasswasdismissed.dismisssth/sbas....把…當(dāng)做…不予理會(huì)dismisssbfrom....把某人從…（職位）解雇13.proofn.證據(jù)，證明adj.防…的；抗…的Thereisnoproofthattheknifebelongedtoher.IfanyoneneedsproofofAndrewgeniusasawriter,thisnovelisit.provev.證明linkingverb.證明是/后來(lái)被發(fā)現(xiàn)是14.acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)（權(quán)威、地位);承認(rèn)(屬實(shí));(公開(kāi))感謝Sherefusestoacknowledgetheneedforreform.Heiswidelyacknowledgedasthebestplayerintheworld.beacknowledgedas/tobe...被認(rèn)為是...Itiswidely/generally/universallyacknowledgedthat...人們普遍認(rèn)為....單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

Historiansgenerallyacknowledgeherageniusinherfield.②

Asphericopticalpartprocessingisan(acknowledge)conundrumaroundtheworld.③iswidelyacknowledgedthatTaiwanisapartofChina.15.influentialadj.有很大影響力的，有支配力的TheeducationIhavereceivedisinfluentialinformingmycharacter.Thisbookwasenormouslyinfluential.aninfluentialfigure有影響力的人物beinfluentialin(doing)sth有很大影響的haveaninfluence/impact/effecton...對(duì)...有影響16.insistvi.&vt.堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)持說(shuō)Thenaughtyboyinsistedonbuyingthetoy.Iinsistthatyouapologizeforyourbehavior.insiston/upon(sth/doingsth)堅(jiān)持做...，堅(jiān)決要求insistthat…堅(jiān)決要求；堅(jiān)持說(shuō)堅(jiān)持說(shuō)+賓從（陳述語(yǔ)氣）堅(jiān)持要求+賓從(虛擬語(yǔ)氣）單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Heinsistedthathe_______(be)rightandfirmlyinsistedthatthey__(apologize)tohiminstantly.②Heinsistedthathe(be)right.17.routen.路線(xiàn)，路途；途徑，渠道Thequickestroutetotheairportisthroughthehighway.anescaperoute逃脫的路徑18.financialadj.財(cái)政的，金融的，財(cái)務(wù)的Localbusinesseshaveprovidedfinancialsupport.financialsystem金融體系financialmarket金融市場(chǎng)financen.財(cái)政，財(cái)政學(xué)；金融v.給…提供資金financiallyadv.財(cái)政上；金融上19.departvi.&vt.離開(kāi),啟程Mr.WangwilldepartforHongKongtomorrow.departfrom離開(kāi)；從…出發(fā)；違背departfor/leavefor離開(kāi)/動(dòng)身去..departure離開(kāi)；啟程；出發(fā)20.shortagen.不足，短缺Vietnamissufferingfromfoodshortage.Thereisaseriousshortageoffoodinsomeareas.Theirpanywasshortoffunds.food/watershortages食物/用水短缺ashortageof缺少…beshortof缺乏…的，短缺…的單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereisno（short）ofthingstodointhetown.21.leakvi.漏，滲漏；滲入vt.漏，滲漏；泄露n.漏洞Moredetailsarenowbeginningtoleakout.Thecontentsofthereportwereleakedtothepress.Waterwasleakingfromthepipe.Waterhasstartedtoleakintothecellar.leaksthtosb向某人泄露某事(sth)leakout（秘密信息等）泄露；走漏；透漏單句語(yǔ)法填空①Apipecracked,(leak)wateralloverthehouse.22.panicn.驚恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使)驚慌,(使)驚慌失措Whenpeopleheardthethreateningnews,theyfledthevillageinpanic.Guestspanickedandscreamedwhenthebombexploded.Thegunfirepanickedthehorses.in(a)panic驚慌地amomentofpanic一時(shí)驚慌causepanic引起恐慌22.regardlessadv.不顧，不加理會(huì)TheweatherwasterriblebutwecarriedonregardlessOurclubisopentoeveryoneregardlessofage,sexortheeducation.23.shoren.岸，濱Theywalkeddowntotheshore.24.subsequentadj.隨后的，后來(lái)的Subsequenteventsconfirmedourdoubts.Subsequentstudieshaveeupwithsimilarresults.subsequentto......繼...之后subsequentlyadv.隨后，其后；后來(lái)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thoseexplosionsmusthavebeensubsequentourdeparture,becausewedidn’thearanything.25.captainn.船長(zhǎng)，機(jī)長(zhǎng)；上校；隊(duì)長(zhǎng)Heservedasacaptaininthearmy.26.allowfor使成為可能；考慮到，把…計(jì)算在內(nèi)Itwilltakeaboutanhourtogetthere,allowingfortrafficdelays.Allthesefactorsmustbeallowedfor.單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

We

have

to

allowthe

possibility

that

we

might

notfinish

this

project

on

schedule.

②(allow)for

the

badweather,we

should

set

off

rightnow.27.kingdomn.王國(guó)；管轄范圍28.astonishvt.使十分驚訝，使吃驚Theendingofthenovelwillastonishyou.Hisastonishedlooksuggestedhedidn’tbelievewhathadhappened.astonishingadj.驚人的；令人驚訝的astonishedadj.感到十分驚訝的；吃驚的astonishmentn.驚訝；令人驚訝的事物toone’sastonishment令某人驚訝的是inastonishment驚訝地beastonishedatsth對(duì)某事感到吃驚Itastonishessbthat.../Whatastonishessbisthat...讓某人感到驚訝的是...單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Yesterday,she(astonish)us

by

saying

she

was

leaving.

②

I

find

it(astonish)that

he

should

be

so

rude

to

you.

③

She

seemed(astonish)that

I

had

never

been

to

Paris.

④

I

spotted

a

shooting

star

which,tomy(astonish),wasbright

green

in

colour.29.royaladj.盛大的，莊嚴(yán)的；皇家的，王室的Theyaremembersoftheroyalfamily.Theweddingwasattendedbyroyalty.Purpleisassociatedwithroyalty.royaltyn.王室成員;皇室；莊嚴(yán)aroyalwele一個(gè)隆重的歡迎30.tombn.墳?zāi)?1.literaryadj.文學(xué)的，文學(xué)上的；愛(ài)好文學(xué)的ItwasChaucerwhoreallyturnedEnglishintoaliterarylanguage.literaturen.文學(xué)；著作32.extensivelyadv.廣闊地；廣泛地Alltheseissueshavebeenextensivelyresearchedinrecentyears.Thereportisbasedonextensiveresearch.Carefulmaintenancecanextendthelifeofyourcar.extensiveadj.廣泛的，廣闊的extendvt.擴(kuò)展;擴(kuò)大extensionn.擴(kuò)大;延伸;增加部分extensiveknowledge廣博的知識(shí)33.facilitatevt.使便利，促進(jìn)Thenewairportwillfacilitatethedevelopmentoftourism.Studentsshouldtakefulladvantageoftheuniversity’sfacilities.facilityn.設(shè)施；設(shè)備34.sortout理順，整理；把…安排好Pleasesortoutallyourbillsasquicklyaspossible.Thereareallsortsofrooms.Shesortofpretendsthatshedoesn’treallycare.sortv.將…分類(lèi)；整理n.種類(lèi)，類(lèi)別35.availableadj.可獲得的，可找到的；有空的Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?Notenoughdataisavailabletoscientists.Areyouavailableforameetingtomorrowmorning?sthbeavailabletosb對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是可使用/可獲得的(sb)beavailable某人有空availablefor可用于單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

There

are

various

treatmentsavailablethis

condition.

②In

the

1980s,electricity

wasavailablepeople

inalmost

all

areas

of

the

country.36.prisonn.監(jiān)獄Hetriedtoescapefromprison.Ididnotwanttogotoprisonagain.Oncehemitsacrime,hewillbeputinprison.escapefromprison越獄gotoprison入獄；被監(jiān)禁beputinprison被送去坐牢prisonern.犯人，囚犯；俘虜37.ministern.大臣，部長(zhǎng)ThePrimeMinisterisvisitingJapanatthemoment.38.exceptionaladj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的；異常的，罕見(jiàn)的Attheageoffive,heshowedexceptionaltalentasamusician.Eachplant,withoutexception,containssomekindofsalt.Onlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswillthedeadlinebeextended.exceptionallyadv.異常地；特殊地；例外地exceptionn.例外；異議withoutexception無(wú)一例外單句語(yǔ)法填空

①The

pany

has

shown(exception)growth

over

the

pasttwo

years.

②

This

isexceptionalcase;I've

never

seen

anythinglike

it

before.39.phrasen.成語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)；短語(yǔ)，詞組40.formatn.總體安排，設(shè)計(jì)；版式They’vebroughtoutthemagazineinanewformat.41.shelfn.(pl.shelves)（書(shū)架等的）架子，擱板ThebookIwantwasonthetopshelf.單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

He

put

up

some(shelf)in

his

bedroom.

②Theoretically,the

price

is

supposedto

be

markedtheshelf.42.adoptvt.采取，采用；表決采納；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)vi.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)Somepeopleprefertoadoptinfants.Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.adoptasuggestion采納建議adoptachild領(lǐng)養(yǎng)孩子adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的adoptionn.采納；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

Thegroupisworkingtopromotethe(adopt)ofbroadbandwirelessaccessoverlongdistance.43parisonn.對(duì)比；比較byparison相比之下，比較起來(lái)byparisonwith/to與...相比makeaparisonbetweenAandB在A與B之間進(jìn)行比較pareAwithB比較A與BpareAtoB把A比喻成Bparevt.比較，對(duì)比；把…比作單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

To

my

mind,there's

no(pare)between

the

tworestaurants.

②

In

parisontheprevious

study,the

new

studyexpanded

research

subjects.

③parison,Americans

are

often

frank

about

displayingboth

positive

and

negative

emotionsin

public.

④(pare)to

whenwe

were

at

school,children

seemto

learn

more

interesting

thingsnow.⑤__________(pare)myproblemwithothers’problems,mineseemsinsignificant.44.packvt.&vi.塞進(jìn)，擠進(jìn)；裝（箱），收拾；打包；包裝n.包，包裹；小盒，小包Thepaintingswerecarefullypackedinnewspaper.這些畫(huà)被仔細(xì)地用報(bào)紙裹了起來(lái)。Thewholestoryisnothingbutapackoflies.bepackedwith...擠滿(mǎn)，塞滿(mǎn)apackof...一包；一幫packinto...擠進(jìn)...里面packup打包；收拾行李45.contraryadj.相反的，相對(duì)立的；截然不同的Onthecontrary,itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.Contrarytopopularbelief,manycatsdislikemilk.onthecontrary與此相反becontraryto 與…相反46.helln.地獄；苦難的經(jīng)歷，悲慘的境況47.aboardprep.&adv.在（車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等）上，上（車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等）Hewasalreadyaboardtheplane.Wewentaboard.Nopatientswereonboard.abroadadv.在國(guó)外broadadj.廣闊的，廣泛的boardn.告示牌；董事會(huì)v.上（車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等）；寄宿辨析填空：aboard／abroad／board／broad

③Avalley

opened

up,leading

to

a

high

flat

plateau.

④The

books

about

Harry

Potter

arevery

popular

now,

both

at

homeand.

⑤

They

said

goodbye

to

him

as

he

gotthe

train

at

the

station.

⑥

When

all

the

people

were

on,the

boat

bore

away.48.rubvt.&vi.擦，磨，搓；（使）相互摩擦49.washroomn.洗手間，廁所50.uniformn.制服；隊(duì)服adj.一致的，統(tǒng)一的Thepoliceweardarkblueuniforms.Thewallsofthebuildingswereauniformgrey.51.violentlyadv.猛烈地，厲害地；強(qiáng)烈地，激烈地；兇狠地Theyareviolentlyopposedtotheidea.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtowatchviolentmovies.violentadj.暴力的,猛烈的violencen.暴力,暴行with/byviolence用暴力52.eaglen.雕divevi.俯沖；跳水；潛水n.沖，撲，俯沖；潛水；跳水Hetriedtoescapebydivingintoariver.JohnhasbeendivingintothehistoryofancientRome.Iwanttogodiving.ThegoalkeeperdivedfortheballTheplanemakeadivetoaloweraltitude.godiving潛水diveinto跳入；鉆研53.thundervi.轟隆隆地響；打雷n.雷，雷聲Hewasscaredbythethunder.Thetrainthunderedthroughthesmallstation.54.freezevi.&vt.(froze,frozen)突然停止，呆住；結(jié)冰；凍僵Iwasfrozenwithterrorasthedoorslowlyopened.It'ssocoldthateventheriverhasfrozen.frozenadj.冷凍的；結(jié)冰的freezingadj.結(jié)冰的；極冷的befrozentodeath被凍死(be)frozenwithfear因害怕而呆住freezingpoint冰點(diǎn)單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

She(freeze)whenthe

beam

of

the

flashlight

struckher.

②It

was(freeze)as

wewalked

home

last

night.

③

The

earth

would

be

a(freeze)ball

if

it

were

not

for

theradiant

heat

of

the

sun.

④

As

he

spoke,

he

stopped

suddenly,frozenterror.

⑤

Water(freeze)at

0℃.55.deckn.甲板，艙面56.meanwhileadv.同時(shí)；期間；對(duì)比之下Meanwhile,mydebtsweremountingup.Pleasefindataxi,andinthemeanwhileI’llpacksomefood.57.dragvt.拖，拉；緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)drag

by過(guò)得很慢；拖沓地進(jìn)行

drag...out

of把..從...中拉出

drag

on拖得太久，持續(xù)太久

The

last

few

weeks

of

the

summer

really

dragged

by.

There's

no

telling

how

long

the

talks

could

drag

on.

I

managed

to

drag

myself

out

of

bed.58.chaosn.混亂，雜亂Thehousewasinchaos/inamessaftertheparty.59.navyn.海軍，海軍部隊(duì)60.bleedvi.(bled,bled)失血，流血She'sgoingtobleedtodeath!Hisheadhadhitthesinkandwasbleeding.Thefalloffhisbicycleresultsininternalbleeding.bloodn.血，血液bleedingn.出血bleedtodeath流血而死61.hatchvt.密謀，策劃；使孵出vi.孵化；孵出Allthechickshavehatchedout.Theeggsareabouttohatch.Hehasaccusedoppositionpartiesofhatchingaplottomurdertheleader.62.plotn.陰謀；故事情節(jié)vi.&vt.密謀(plotted,plotting)Hebegantotellmetheplotofhisnewbook.Theywereplottingtooverthrowthegovernment.Theyhatchedaplottomurdertheking.plot(withsb)todosth(與...)密謀做...hatchaplottodosth策劃陰謀做某事單句語(yǔ)法填空

①

The(plot)of

hisbooks

are

basically

all

the

same.

②

They're(plot)totake

over

the

pany.63.infamyn.臭名昭著，聲名狼藉；惡行，罪行infamousadj.臭名昭著的，名聲狼藉的64.sinkvi.&vt.(sank,sunk)下沉，沉沒(méi)；坐下；降低n.(廚房里的)洗滌池，洗碗槽Theshipsanktothebottomofthesea.She

sankback

intoherseat,exhausted.

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