新概念英語第一冊自學(xué)筆記含課后練習(xí)答案：Lesson-141-142

新概念英語第一冊自學(xué)筆記含課后練習(xí)答案：Lesson141-142新概念英語第一冊第142課課文重難點(diǎn)詳解furthernotesonthetext1．myfour-year-olddaughter我那4歲的女兒four-year-old是名詞daughter的定語。各詞用連字符連在一起，構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞。注意在這個(gè)復(fù)合詞中僅用year，而不用復(fù)數(shù)：athirteen-year-oldgirl一個(gè)13歲的姑娘2．…sallywasinvitedtoachildren'sparty.……薩莉被邀請去參加一個(gè)兒童聚會(huì)。這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的例子。在英文中，如果想避免用含混不清的詞（如someone等）作主語，常?？墒褂帽粍?dòng)詞態(tài)。（具體請參見本課語法部分。）被動(dòng)語態(tài)由相對應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞加上過去分詞構(gòu)成：itisrepairedregularly.它定期修理。theyarecorrectedregularly.它們得到了定期校正。hewasmetatthestationthismorning.今早有人在車站接他。3．a(chǎn)middle-agedlady一位中年女士middle-aged是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，由名詞+過去分詞構(gòu)成。又如：hand-made手工制作的4．oppositesally在薩莉的對面這是介詞短語，作狀語，表示sat的具體情況。5．takeout拿出6．makeupherface往她的臉上化妝makeup意為“化妝”、“打扮”（指擦胭脂、抹粉）。7．tomakemyselfbeautiful…把自己打扮漂亮……這是一個(gè)省略句，句首省略了iamdoingthat，而只留下這個(gè)作目的狀語的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。8．putaway收拾好，儲(chǔ)存?zhèn)溆眯赂拍钣⒄Z第一冊第142課語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)grammarinuse被動(dòng)語態(tài)（1）英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)之分。在主動(dòng)句中，動(dòng)詞的主語是執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的人或物。在被動(dòng)句中，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。在英語中被動(dòng)詞態(tài)用得很普遍，這樣做能夠避免用不明確的詞作主語，或是將說話的重點(diǎn)放在事件而不是造成該事件的人或物上。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be+過去分詞。過去分詞不一定指過去。請看例句：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式：am/are/is+過去分詞：theroomisairedregularly.這個(gè)房間定期通風(fēng)。theknivesaresharpenedregularly.刀定期磨。（2）一般過去時(shí)形式：was/were+過去分詞：shewasdressedinred.她身穿紅色衣服。thewindowswereopenedthismorning.窗戶今早是開著的／被打開了。（3）英語中表達(dá)感情的動(dòng)詞通常可用于被動(dòng)式，這些動(dòng)詞如amuse,embarrass,worry,surprise,interest,upset等：sheisembarrassed.她感到尷尬。theywereworried.他們感到擔(dān)憂。新概念英語第一冊第142課詞匯學(xué)習(xí)wordstudy1．embarrassedadj.（1）尷尬的；局促不安的：hefeltsoembarrassedatthatmoment.在那一刻，他感到如此尷尬。thegirlwasveryembarrassedtospeakinfrontofsomanystrangers.在如此之多的陌生人面前講話，那個(gè)女孩子很是局促不安。（2）陷入困境的；拮據(jù)的：hewasfinanciallyembarrassed.他經(jīng)濟(jì)上陷入了困境。hesaysthatheisembarrassedatthemoment,buthewillbeabletopayyounextmonth.他說他當(dāng)前手頭緊，但下個(gè)月就能夠付錢給你。2．curiouslyadv.（1）好奇地：thelittleboywatchedcuriouslyashismumopenedthebox.那個(gè)小男孩好奇地看著他媽媽打開盒子。（2）過于好奇地：shecuriouslyopenedtheletteraddressedtoherhusband.她抑制不住好奇心，拆開了別人寫給她丈夫的信。3．kindlyadv.（1）和藹地；親切地：hetreatsthechildrenkindly.他待孩子們和藹而仁慈。theoldmangreeteduskindly.那位老人親切地招呼我們。（2）請（=please，有時(shí)表示客氣，有時(shí)表示不滿等）：willyoukindlyleavetheroom?請你離開這房間好嗎？kindlyacknowledgethisletter.此信收到后請告知。（3）樂意地；感謝地：henevertakescriticismkindly.他從不樂于接受批評。新概念英語第一冊第142課課后練習(xí)答案：a1sallyisfouryearsold.2becausesallyhadnevertravelledonatrainbefore.3shesatnearthewindow.4amiddle-agedladygotonthetrain.5theladywasdressedinabluecoatandalarge,funnyhat.6sheopenedherhandbagandtookoutherpowdercompact.thenshebegantomakeupherface.7becauseshewantedtomakeherselfbeautiful.8no,shedidn't.b1someoneairsitregularly.itisairedregularly.2someonecleansthemregularly.theyarecleanedregularly.3someoneemptiesitregularly.itisemptiedregularly.4someonesharpensitregularly.itissharpenedregularly.5someoneturnsthemonregularly.theyareturnedonregularly.6someonewatersthemregularly.theyarewateredregularly.7someonerepairsitregularly.itisrepairedregularly.8someonedustsitregularly.itisdustedregularly.9someonecorrectsthemregularly.theyarecorrectedregularly.10someoneshutsitregularly.itisshutregularly.c1someonewateredthem.theywerewateredthismorning.2someonerepairedit.itwasrepairedthismorning.3someonedustedit.itwasdustedthismorning.4someonecorrectedthem.theywerecorrectedthismorning.5someoneshutit.itwasshutthismorning.6someoneboughtthem.theywereboughtthismorning.7someonesweptit.itwassweptthismorning.8someonetoo