吉林省吉林市2025屆高三英語下學期第三次調(diào)研測試3月試題含解析

PAGEPAGE28吉林省吉林市2025屆高三英語下學期第三次調(diào)研測試（3月）試題（含解析）留意事項：1.本次考試由四部分組成，考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學校、班級、姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡指定位置。3.請按題號依次在答題紙上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)整齊作答，超出區(qū)域答題無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayforthefourtickets?A.15pounds. B.30pounds. C.45pounds.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmucharethetickets?W:Theyare15poundseach.Butstudentticketsarehalfprice.M:Givemetwoadultticketsandtwostudentticketsplease.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanwanttomovetoanewapartment？A.BecauseshelikeswatchingTV.B.Becausesheneedsaquietplace.C.Becausethenewapartmentischeap.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Itissaidthatyouwanttomovetoanewapartment.W:Yes,althoughitwillbemoreexpensive.MyneighborwatchesTVallnightlongandIcan’tsleepwell.3.此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’sthedatetoday?A.16th. B.17th. C.18th.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Attention,please!There’ssomechangestoourfootballmatchtimetable.Ourmatchwillbeputofftothedayaftertomorrowbecauseoftheweather.W:Youmeanthe18th?M:Yes,andthematchwillstartandendonehourearlier.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atabookshop. B.Atabank. C.Atarestaurant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,whatcanIdoforyou?M:Iwanttoknowtheinterestrateforthesavingsaccount.W:Itvariesfromtimetotime.Atpresentitis6%.M:That’shigherthanlastmonth.OK.Iwillputaside$50,000please.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhowillgotoChangchunnextmonth？A.Carol. B.Carol’suncle. C.Carol’ssister.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:ImetCarolattheschoolgateyesterday.W:Really?Didshesayanything?M:Yes,shesaidhersisterwouldgotoChangchunfortheskatingcompetitionnextmonth,butshewouldstillstayherewithheruncle.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatcausedthegirltoloseblood？A.Adisease. B.Anaccident. C.Anambulance.7.Whichisrightaccordingtothewoman？A.Themancancoverthegirlwithhiscoat.B.Themanshouldcarrythegirltotheroadside.C.Themanmaygivethegirlsomethingtoeat.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:What’sthetrouble,sir?M:There’sbeenanaccident.Agirl’sbeenrunover.She’slosingalotofblood.Pleasesendanambulanceatonce.W:Isthereadoctorpresent?M:No,there’sonlyme.Thedriverdidn’tstop.IsthereanythingIcando?W:Don’tmovethepatient.Trytostopthebleeding.Keepthepatientwarm,butdon’tgiveheranythingtoeatordrink,OK?M:Allright.Pleasehurry.W:Don’tworry.Theambulanceisonitswaynow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthejoboftheman?A.Aguide. B.Anengineer. C.Ateacher.9.Whatistheman’sadvantageinEnglish?A.Speaking. B.Listening. C.Reading.10.HowmanyEnglishwordshasthemangraspedaccordingtohimself?A.Almost500. B.Almost5,000. C.Almost5,500.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:YouarealwaysreadingEnglishnovelsbutyounevergoouttohaveatalkwiththeforeigners.Don’tyouknowtheimportanceoforalEnglish?M:No.Ithinkit’snouselearningspokenEnglish.IcanreadallkindsofbookswithEnglishbutIseldommeetanEnglishman.Afterall,Iamnotaguide.Iamanengineer.W:IamsorryIcan’tagreewithwhatyousaid.Ithinkthefinalaimoflearningakindoflanguageistocommunicatewithothers.M:Ihavegraspedalmost5,000wordsandphrasesuptonowbutIhavenotimeandchancetomeetaforeigner.YouknowIlearnEnglishtoimprovemystudy,nottohaveatalkwithothers.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.WhatdidJoedolastnight?A.Hesawafilm. B.Heworkedforadesign. C.Hehadameeting.12.WhywillJoecatchthefirstbus?A.Becausehe’llmeetanimportantcustomer.B.Becausehe’lltakepartinaninterview.C.Becausehe’llbethefirsttoreachthecompany.13.Whatdoesthewomanpreparefortheman?A.Boiledeggs. B.Friedeggs. C.Cakes.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Wakeup,Joe.It’sseveno’clock.Ifyouaregoingtowork,you’llhavetogetupnow.Hey,Joe,wakeup.M:Mum,afewmoreminutes,OK?Iworkedforthedesigndeepintothenight.W:Joe,getup.Didyouforgetwhatyousaidlastnight?M:Isitseveno’clockalready?W:Yes.It’sseven.Youtoldmelastnightyouwouldcatchthefirstbus.M:Well,wakemeupintwentyminutes.I’vedecidedtocatchthelatebus.W:Uh,uh…andyouwillmeetanimportantcustomerfromParistoday.M:Okay,okay,stopyelling.I’mup.W:Breakfastisready.Youlikefriedeggs,right?M:ButIwanttohaveboiledeggsthismorning.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whyhasthewomandecidednottoworkattheboys’camp？A.Shehasn’tworkedtherebefore.BSheknowslittleaboutthecamp.C.Shewantstobebetterpaid.15.Howdoestheman’sbrotherearnalotofmoney？A.Byworkingattheboys’camp.B.Bydoingsomecleaningwork.C.Bycuttingsomebody’sgrass.16.Whatkindofjobwouldthewomanliketodo？A.Ajobinaschool. B.Ajobintheopenair. C.Ajobatthehotel.【答案】14.C15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Itisalmostvacationtime.Haveyoufoundasummerjobyet?W:No,Idon’tthinkIwillworkattheboys’campwhereIworkedlastsummer.Campjobsdon’tpaymuch.M:IthinkIcanfindajobattheEvergreenHotel.Afriendofminewasawaitertherelastsummer.Thepaywasn’tgood,butthetipswere.W:Mysisterworkedtherelastsummer,makingbedsandcleaningbathrooms.Shedidn’tlikeitbutsheearnedalotofmoney.M:Thehighschoolkidsearnalotofmoneyeverysummercuttinggrass.Mybrotherisonlyfourteen,buthegetsfivedollarseverytimehecutssomebody’sgrass,anditonlytakeshimanhour.Hejustridesaroundonthemachinethathebought,andthemachinedoesallthework.W:That’sprettygood.IusedtocutgrasswhenIwasinhighschool.ButnowIthinkImightworkforaroadbuildingcompany,orsomethinglikethat.M:Itcouldbeagoodexperience.Andyoucouldearnalottoo.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhenwerethefirstGrammyAwardsheld？A.In1956. B.In1957. C.In1958.18.WhydidtheshowreturntoLosAngelesin1999？A.BecauseNewYorkersdidn’tliketheGrammyAwardsatall.B.Becausetheshoworganizersdidn’tgetalongwiththemayorofNewYork.C.Becausetheshoworganizersmovedthereaccordingtotheoriginalplan.19.WhichGrammyAwardswerebroadcastnationwideonCBS？A.The49thAnnualGrammyAwardsinLosAngeles.B.The49thAnnualGrammyAwardsinNewYork.C.The19thAnnualGrammyAwardsinLosAngeles.20.WhyaretheticketsNOTavailabletothegeneralpublic？A.Becausethey’reorderedbynominees.B.Becausethey’re“byinvitationonly”.C.Becausetherearenotmanyofthem.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】TheGrammyAwardsstartingin1958arethegreatestofallmusicawards,datingbackoverfivedecades.TheyaretomusicwhatOscaristothemovies.Thename“Grammy”isshortfor“gramophone”sincetheawardsareshapedlikethoseold-fashionedphonographs.OvertheyearsLosAngelesandNewYorkhaveplayedtug-of-warwiththeGrammyAwardsshow.In1999,theshowreturnedtoLosAngelesbecausetheshoworganizersdidn’tgetalongwellwiththemayorofNewYorkCity.In2003，theshowreturnedtoNewYork,andin2004,theawardshowmovedbacktoLosAngelesandremainedtherein2005.The49thAnnualGrammyAwardstookplaceinLosAngelesattheStaplesCenteronSunday,February11,2007,andwerebroadcastnationwideonCBS.TicketstotheannualGrammyAwardsshowarenotavailabletothegeneralpublicjustbecausetheyare“byinvitationonly”tonominees,recordingartists,recordcompaniesandsoon.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

ACentralPowerandLightGraduatingfromhighschool?Lookingforajob?Wehaveabrightfutureforyou!We’reCentralPowerandLight.Formorethanfiftyyears,wehavebeenprovidingtheenergyyouneedeveryday.Wekeepyouwarminwinterandcoolinsummer.Withoutus,yourCDPlayers,televisions,radiosandcomputerswouldn'twork.Infact,withoutus,youmighthavetroublereadingthesewordsbecauseweareresponsibleforthingsasbasicasthelightsinyourhomesandclassrooms.We’requiteabusiness.However,asimportantaselectricandgaspoweraretoourcustomerswe’remorethanjustapublic-servicecompany.We’realsoagoodneighbor,workinghardtohelpkeepourenvironmentascleanaswepossiblycanwhilestillkeepingourcarbonfootprintlow.Ittakesmanypeoplewithawidevarietyofskillsandintereststokeepacompanylikeoursinbusiness.That’swhywehavemorethanonehundredjobopeningsinseveralareas.Doanyofthesesoundrightforyou?mechanictraineewordprocessorsafetyinspectortraineedriversecurityguardcustomerservicerepresentativeaccountantWearealwayslookingfornewtalent,andweofferahostofpetitivesalariespensionplaninsurancecompanysocialeventsmedicalcoveragepleasantworkingconditionscontinuingtrainingclassesconvenientlocationIfyouwouldliketotalkwithoneofouremploymentconsultants,weinviteyoutoourjobfairbeingheldtheweekofMay3—May7.Justdropin.Youwillbeglad.21.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Powercompanyworkers. B.Highschoolseniors.C.Thegeneralpublic. D.Highschoolteachers.22.Whatmightaninterestedreaderdoafterreadingthetext?A.Talktoafriend. B.Visitaschoolheadmaster.C.Attendajobfair. D.Consulthisorherparents.23.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecompanymentionedabove?A.Ithasahistoryofoveracentury.BItsbusinessrangesfromlighttogas.C.Itpaysmuchattentiontoecosystem.D.Itholdsalargejobfairmonthly.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了CentralPowerandLight公司及其聘請崗位的概況?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。由第一段“Graduatingfromhighschool?Lookingforajob?Wehaveabrightfutureforyou!”（中學畢業(yè)？找工作？我們有一個光明的將來給你?。芍疚闹饕槍χ袑W畢業(yè)生聘請。故選B項?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段“Ifyouwouldliketotalkwithoneofouremploymentconsultants,weinviteyoutoourjobfairbeingheldtheweekofMay3—May7.Justdropin.Youwillbeglad.”（假如您想與我們的一位就業(yè)顧問交談，我們邀請您參與我們將于5月3日至5月7日實行的聘請會。順便來看看。你會興奮的。），可知感愛好的讀者讀完文章后會參與于5月3日至5月7日實行的聘請會。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“We’realsoagoodneighbor,workinghardtohelpkeepourenvironmentascleanaswepossiblycanwhilestillkeepingourcarbonfootprintlow.”（我們也是一個好鄰居，在盡可能保持環(huán)境清潔的同時，我們也在努力保持低碳排放。），可知該公司不僅持環(huán)境清潔，還保持低碳排放，說明它特別留意生態(tài)環(huán)境愛護。故選C項。BItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.Inbetweenisanexcitingtaleofsurvival,movement,isolation,andconquest,mostofitoccurringbeforerecordedhistory.WhowerethosefirstmodernpeopleinAfrica?Whatroutesdidtheytakewhentheylefttheirhomecontinent60,000yearsagotoexpandintoEuropeandAsia?WhenandhowdidhumansreachtheAmericas?Fordecades,theonlyproofwasfoundinasmallnumberofscatteredbonesandartifactsthatourancestorsleftbehindontheirjourneys.Inthepast20years,however,DNAtechnologieshaveallowedscientiststofindarecordofancienthumanmigrationsintheDNAoflivingpeople.“Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,”sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.Thehumangeneticcode,orgenome,is99.9percentidenticalthroughouttheworld.ButwhilethebulkofourDNAisthesame,what’sleftisresponsibleforourindividualdifferences—ineyecolorordiseaserisk,forexample.Onveryrareoccasions,asmallchange,calledamutation,canoccur,whichisthenpasseddowntoallofthatperson’sdescendants.Generationslater,findingthatsamemutationintwopeople'sDNAindicatesthattheysharethesameancestor.Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.Theseancientmutationsareeasiesttotrackintwoplaces:inDNAthatispassedfrommothertochild(calledmitochondrialDNA,ormtDNAforshort),andinDNAthattravelsfromfathertoson(knownastheYchromosome,thepartofDNAthatdeterminesachildwillbeaboy).BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.24.Thebesttitleforthisreadingcouldbe________.A.Exploringhumanhistory B.FindingDNAdifferencesC.Makingabiologyexperiment D.DiscoveringancestryinDNA25.WhatcanweinferfromthequoteofSpencerWellsinParagraph3?A.Adropofbloodcontainsgeneticinformationthatcantellaperson’sancestralhistory.B.TheorganizationofinformationinahistorybookissimilartotheorganizationofDNAwithinagene.C.EverydropofbloodcontainsenoughDNAinformationtofillmanyhistorybooks.D.Althoughpeoplespeakdifferentlanguages,allhumanbloodcontainsthesamelanguage.26.Theunderlinedword“bulk”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A.thelargesize B.themainpartC.theweightorshape D.thequantity27.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothereading?A.TheearliestpeoplearesaidtooriginatefromAfricaandspreadacrosstheworld.B.Scientistshavefoundwaystodeterminewhetherpeoplesharethesameancestor.C.HumanDNAremainsthesameaswhatispasseddownfromtheirancestors.D.ComparingmtDNAandYchromosomescanhelpidentifyhumanmigrations.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明白遺傳學者如何通過探討人類基因突變追蹤人類起源和遷徙的問題?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一句“ItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.”人們信任，人類的故事始于非洲，結(jié)束于大約20萬年后，他們的70億后代散布在地球各地，生活在和平或斗爭中，他們的臉被營火和電腦屏幕照亮。其次段最終一句“Inthepast20years,however,DNAtechnologieshaveallowedscientiststofindarecordofancienthumanmigrationsintheDNAoflivingpeople.”然而，在過去的20年里，DNA技術(shù)使科學家能夠在活人的DNA中找到遠古人類遷徙的記錄。第三段最終一句“Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.”通過比較不同人群的基因突變，科學家們可以追溯他們祖先的聯(lián)系。和第四段最終一句“BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.”通過比較不同人群的mtDNA和Y染色體，遺傳學家可以大致了解這些人群在全球大遷徙中何時何地分開的?？芍疚闹饕v人類起源于非洲大陸?？茖W家運用DNA技術(shù)，通過比較世人的DNA基因突變狀況，追蹤不同族群的人是否源于同一祖先，進而大致弄清晰他們何時何地遷徙到世界各地。D項“通過DNA尋祖”，最全面，能涵蓋本文主旨。為最佳標題。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。第三段第一句“‘Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,’sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.”人口遺傳學家斯賓塞·威爾斯說:“每一滴血都包含著一部用基因語言書寫的歷史書?！庇纱送茢喑?，一滴血液中包含著很多可以昭示一個人祖先歷史的遺傳信息。故選A【26題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段的其次句“Thehumangeneticcode,orgenome,is99.9percentidenticalthroughouttheworld.”全世界人類的遺傳密碼，或者叫染色體，有99.9%是相同的。第三句的后半句what’sleftisresponsibleforourindividualdifferences—ineyecolorordiseaserisk,forexample.剩下的一點點（不同）確定了人們眼睛顏色和患病風險的差異?？芍?，我們DNA的主要部分是相同的。故選B?！?7題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。A項與文章第一句“ItisbelievedthathumanstorybeginsinAfricaandendsabout200,000yearslaterwiththeirsevenbilliondescendants(后代)spreadacrosstheEarth,livinginpeaceoratwar,theirfaceslitbycampfiresandcomputerscreens.”“早期人類起源于非洲，然后漸漸遷徙遍布世界各地”意思一樣，是正確的。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Bycomparingmutationsinmanydifferentpopulations,scientistscantracetheirancestralconnections.”“科學家們通過比較不同族群的基因突變，可以追溯出這些族群祖先之間的聯(lián)系”可知B選項正確。從第四段最終一句“BycomparingthemtDNAandYchromosomes(染色體)ofpeoplefromvariouspopulations,geneticistscangetaroughideaofwhereandwhenthosegroupsseparatedinthegreatmigrationsaroundtheplanet.”可知，通過比較不同族群的線粒體基因和Y染色體，可以幫助遺傳學家也許推斷這些族群是何時何地（在遷徙途中）彼此分開的，可知D項正確。C項的意思是人類的DNA從來沒有變更過。而第三段第四句“Onveryrareoccasions,asmallchange,calledamutation,canoccur,whichisthenpasseddowntoallofthatperson'sdescendants.在特別罕見的狀況下，一種被稱為突變的小變更會發(fā)生，然后遺傳給這個人的全部后代”的意思是“在特別罕見的狀況下，（基因）會產(chǎn)生微小的變更，……”可見C項是錯誤的陳述。故選C?！军c睛】推理推斷題的推斷對象主要包括隱含意思、目標讀者、觀點看法、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求依據(jù)文章的某個句子、段落或全文所供應(yīng)的事實進行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（示意），imply（示意），indicate（示意），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最終結(jié)合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題2，第三段第一句“‘Everydropofhumanbloodcontainsahistorybookwritteninthelanguageofourgenes,’sayspopulationgeneticistSpencerWells.”人口遺傳學家斯賓塞·威爾斯說:“每一滴血都包含著一部用基因語言書寫的歷史書?！庇纱送茢喑?，一滴血液中包含著很多可以昭示一個人祖先歷史的遺傳信息。故選ACThe90-minutelonggameinvolvestwogoals,blackandwhitecheckeredballs,goalkeeper,andnohanduse.Thissport,ofcourse,issoccerorfootball,asthemajorityoftherestoftheworldsays.It’sconfusingthatsomecountriescallthissport“football”whileAmericansandCanadianssay“soccer”,butapparentlytheBritisharemostlytoblame.ThenameconfusionisactuallythankstoBritishuniversitiesintheearly1800swhotriedstandardizingvarioussportsgamesthathaddifferentrulesandregulationstodifferentiatebetweenthem,accordingtoapaperbyStefanSzymanski,aprofessorofsportseconomicsattheUniversityofMichigan.Rugby,formerlyknownas“rugbyfootball”or“rugger”,isatranslationof“football”whereyoucanuseyourhands.Soccer,originally“associationfootball”or“asoccer”,isthetraditionaltranslationof“football”wherepeopledon’tusetheirhands.PeopleinEnglandstartedshorteningthenamesbydroppingthe“association”partofthephraseaswellasthe“a”in“asoccer”,perSzymanski’spaper.Ifyourheadhurtsfromthinkingaboutthis,preparetohaveyourmindblownbythesethingsyouprobablyneverthoughtabout—untiljustnow.Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,RutgersandPrincetoncollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas“Americanfootball”andwhatothercountriesrefertoas“gridiron”.ThankstothepopularityofAmericanfootball,soccerplayersinAmericakeepto“soccer”tohelpdifferentiatethemselves,accordingtotheEncyclopediaBritannica.Ifthename“soccer”stuckinBritain,andifAmericanscameupwithabetteroneforAmericanfootball,therewouldbemuchlessconfusion.Sowhydidthe“football”shortkindof“associationfootball”becomemorepopularthan“soccer”inEnglandanyway?Originally,AmericaninfluenceonBritainduringWorldWarIImade“soccer”thepopularterminEnglandbeforethe1980s,TheAtlanticreports.OncethesportbecamemorepopularintheUnitedStatesaroundthattime,theBritishstoppedusing“soccer”.Szymanski’spaperclaimsitcouldbethankstoAmericanandBritishnewsorganizationspushingeithertermineachcountry.28.Whatcausedthenameconfusionintheearly1800s?A.Gametime. B.Sportsrules.C.Ballpopularity. D.Newsorganizations.29.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph3?A.Thenameconfusionisbecomingstronger.B.Youcannotuseyourhandswhileplayinggames.C.Thenamesmakeitmoredifficultforpeopletounderstand.D.Makingthebestoftheheadinthesportsisextremelyvital.30.Inwhichofthefollowingdothetwobelongtothesameone?A.“Rugby”and“Soccer”. B.“Rugger”and“Americanfootball”.C.“Americanfootball”and“Gridiron”. D.“Gridiron”and“Associationfootball”.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thenameconfusionwouldbecomeless.B.TheBritishdislikedsoccerduringWorldWarII.C.AmericansoccerwasmorepopularthanEnglishfootball.D.Historyandculturehadagreateffectonthename.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了不同的國家尤其是英美兩國足球命名比較混淆的由來?！?8題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“ThenameconfusionisactuallythankstoBritishuniversitiesintheearly1800swhotriedstandardizingvarioussportsgamesthathaddifferentrulesandregulationstodifferentiatebetweenthem,accordingtoapaperbyStefanSzymanski,aprofessorofsportseconomicsattheUniversityofMichigan.(密歇根高校體育經(jīng)濟學教授StefanSzymanski在一篇論文中指出，造成這種名稱混淆的緣由事實上是19世紀初的英國高校，它們試圖將各種體育競賽標準化，這些競賽有不同的規(guī)則和規(guī)定來區(qū)分它們)”可知，在19世紀早期，是體育規(guī)則導致了名字的混淆。故選B。【29題詳解】句意揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中“Rugby,formerlyknownas“rugbyfootball”or“rugger”,isatranslationof“football”whereyoucanuseyourhands.Soccer,originally“associationfootball”or“asoccer”,isthetraditionaltranslationof“football”wherepeopledon’tusetheirhands.PeopleinEnglandstartedshorteningthenamesbydroppingthe“association”partofthephraseaswellasthe“a”in“asoccer”,perSzymanski’spaper.(橄欖球，以前被稱為“Rugbyfootball”或“rugger”，是“football”一詞的翻譯，在橄欖球競賽中你可以用手擊球。Soccer最初是“associationfootball”或“assoccer”，是“football”的傳統(tǒng)翻譯，人們不用手。依據(jù)Szymanski的論文，英格蘭人起先縮短名字，去掉短語中的“association”和“asocker”中的“a”)”可知，其次段描述了依據(jù)是否運用手來命名的困難過程，結(jié)合第三段介紹了足球依據(jù)新規(guī)則命名的困難過程。故畫線部分意思是“命名過程愈加混亂了”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Nowcomesthecomplexity:in1869,RutgersandPrincetoncollegesheldthefirsttraditional,recorded,footballgameusingauniquecombinationofrulesfrombothrugbyandsoccer,creatingwhatweknowas“Americanfootball”andwhatothercountriesrefertoas“gridiron”.(困難的事情來了：在1869年，羅格斯高校和普林斯頓高校結(jié)合英式橄欖球和英式足球的規(guī)則，舉辦了第一場有記載的傳統(tǒng)足球競賽，這就是我們現(xiàn)在所說的“美式足球”，其他國家稱之為“格里迪倫足球”)”可知“Americanfootball”和“gridiron”都是指美式足球。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。最終一段中“Originally,AmericaninfluenceonBritainduringWorldWarIImade“soccer”thepopularterminEnglandbeforethe1980s,TheAtlanticreports.OncethesportbecamemorepopularintheUnitedStatesaroundthattime,theBritishstoppedusing“soccer”.Szymanski’spaperclaimsitcouldbethankstoAmericanandBritishnewsorganizationspushingeithertermineachcountry.(據(jù)《大西洋月刊》報道，其次次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，美國人對英國的影響使得soccer這個詞在20世紀80年頭之前在英國流行起來。大約在那個時候，這項運動在美國變得更加流行，英國人就不再運用“soccer”這個詞了。西曼斯基的論文稱，這可能因為英美兩國的新聞機構(gòu)在兩國推行兩個不同的詞匯所致)”由此推斷，二戰(zhàn)期間美國對英國影響較大，soccer被英國人普遍運用，但二戰(zhàn)之后，美國影響力減弱，于是英國人回到原來的用詞football?？赏浦瑲v史和文化對名字有很大的影響。故選D。DInanefforttofightthe“throw-awayculture”andpromotereuseandrepair,thecityofBerlinhastakentheuniquestepofopeningitsownsecondhanddepartmentstore.Thisisn’tyourgrandma’sthriftshop(舊貨商店).Itresellsperfectlygooditemsthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.ApunontheGermanwordsfor“departmentstore”and“conservinghouse”,B-Wa(h)renhaussellsawidevarietyofproducts.Farfromsimplysellingolditems,theelectronicgoodshavebeenfixedbyexperttechniciansandcomewithayear’sguarantee.And,toreachmoresecondhandshoppers,thestorewassetuprightinthemiddleofthefamousKarstadtdepartmentstore.Withthesuccessofitsinitialsix-monthtrialrun,thecityplanstoopenfourmoresimilaroperationsinotherpartsofBerlin.By2030,ithopestohaveatleastonelocationineachofBerlin’s12districts.Since2008,citypoliciesandeducationalcampaignshavereducedaverageannualhouseholdwastebyabout25poundsperresident.Italsorecyclesabout49%ofitsmineralconstructionwaste.Currently,thecityestimatesthat8%ofabandonedelectronicgoodsand6%ofhugeitemsthrownawaycanactuallybereused.Thegoalistoexpandthemarketfortheseitemsbeyondtheusualbargainhuntersandeco-consciousconsumers.“Threeyearsago,westartedcollectingallkindsofusedgoods,”cityspokespersonDorotheeWindensaid.“Therearelotsofthingsthatarewell-preservedandfunctioningbutaren’tbeingusedanymore.Thegoalistogivethesethingsanewlifewithsomebodywhocanusethem.”Thestorealsoincludesaneducationcentertoencouragemoresustainablelifestyles—andalsogaveanawardtoaprojectthatrecyclesschooluniforms,sothatparentsdon’thavetobuynewoneseveryyear.32.WhyhasBerlinopeneditsownsecondhanddepartmentstore?A.Toattractmoreshoppers. B.Topromoterecycling.C.Tofostertraditionalculture. D.Toexpandsecondhandmarket.33.InwhichaspectisB-Wa(h)renhausdifferentfromthetraditionalthriftstore?A.Thevarietyofthegoods. B.Thelocationofthestore.C.Thequalityoftheproducts. D.Theoperationofthestore.34.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Berlincurrentlyhas4second-handstoresinconstruction.B.Berlinhasbeensuccessfulincuttingitswastesince2008.C.Itisnoteasytomakethegoaltoexpandthemarketareality.D.ItisestimatedthatBerlinwillbeazero-wastecityby2030.35.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.TointroduceBerlin’snewreuseshopoperation.B.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofreasonableshopping.C.Topersuadepeopletobecomeeco-friendlyshoppers.D.Toencouragemorepeopletodonatetosecondhandshops.【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了柏林政府為推動廢棄物再利用理念而開設(shè)的一個二手商場的舉措?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Inanefforttofightthe‘throw-awayculture’andpromotereuseandrepair,thecityofBerlinhastakentheuniquestepofopeningitsownsecondhanddepartmentstore.(為了抵制‘扔掉的文化’，促進再利用和修復(fù)，柏林市實行了獨特的舉措，開設(shè)了自己的二手百貨商店。)”可知，柏林要開自己的二手百貨商店是為了促進回收利用。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Itresellsperfectlygooditemsthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.(它出售的東西都很好，否則就會被扔掉。)”和“Farfromsimplysellingolditems,theelectronicgoodshavebeenfixedbyexperttechniciansandcomewithayear’sguarantee.(這些電子產(chǎn)品遠非簡潔地賣舊東西，而是由專業(yè)技術(shù)人員修理，并有一年的保修期。)”可知，它的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不同于傳統(tǒng)的舊貨店。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Since2008,citypoliciesandeducationalcampaignshavereducedaverageannualhouseholdwastebyabout25poundsperresident.Italsorecyclesabout49%ofitsmineralconstructionwaste.(自2008年以來，城市政策和教化活動已經(jīng)使每位居民每年平均削減了25磅的家庭垃圾。該公司還回收了49%的礦物建筑垃圾。)”可推斷出，自2008年以來，柏林在削減廢棄物方面做得特別勝利。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文，依據(jù)第一段“Inanefforttofightthe‘throw-awayculture’andpromotereuseandrepair,thecityofBerlinhastakentheuniquestepofopeningitsownsecondhanddepartmentstore.(為了抵制‘扔掉的文化’，促進再利用和修復(fù)，柏林市實行了獨特的舉措，開設(shè)了自己的二手百貨商店。)”及其他各段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了柏林政府為推動廢棄物再利用理念而開設(shè)的一個二手商場的舉措，介紹柏林新的回收再利用商場的運作。故選A項。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyourecentlyclosedonanewhouse,youprobablystartedhousehuntinginthemidstoftheCOVID-19pandemic.Unfortunately,hostingahousewarmingin2024isprobablygoingtobehardertopulloff.Tohelp,we’vecookedupafewideasofhowtoholdapandemic-erahousewarmingparty.Thebasics:SafeAnythingthatyoudoduringthepandemicshouldfollowsomesimplerules.____36____Forexample:washyourhandsalot,weara