玉米肥料利用率試驗(yàn)研究

玉米肥料利用率試驗(yàn)研究北大荒農(nóng)業(yè)股份有限公司八五九分公司農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣中心作者魏延雪孟令楠龐子玉摘要：

為進(jìn)一步推廣測(cè)土配方施肥技術(shù)，提高施肥水平，通過開展田間肥料利用率試驗(yàn)，摸清我地區(qū)常規(guī)施肥、測(cè)土配方施肥情況下，玉米施用氮肥、磷肥、鉀肥的利用狀況，進(jìn)一步完善玉米施肥指標(biāo)體系，為優(yōu)化肥料配方提供理論依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：氮、磷、鉀的缺失對(duì)玉米產(chǎn)量的影響較大，配方肥各處理產(chǎn)量均高于常規(guī)施肥區(qū)的處理，而減磷處理中以B-N1P0.90K1表現(xiàn)最好，產(chǎn)量也最高，其次為B-N1P0.95K1處理。關(guān)鍵詞：玉米肥料產(chǎn)量前言化肥利用率低以及化肥施用后損失的養(yǎng)分造成的環(huán)境污染，已成為全社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的主要障礙之一。提高肥料利用率已成為當(dāng)今焦點(diǎn)問題。針對(duì)肥料利用率低、氮肥損失嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)狀，本文采用常規(guī)施肥與測(cè)土配方施肥相結(jié)合，進(jìn)行作物推薦施肥，調(diào)控肥料養(yǎng)分的供應(yīng)，因地制宜、精細(xì)準(zhǔn)確地施用肥料，提高作物吸收養(yǎng)分能力，運(yùn)用精確農(nóng)業(yè)施肥理論和技術(shù)，提高施肥對(duì)土壤、作物的針對(duì)性和準(zhǔn)確性，這些技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和應(yīng)用是提高肥料利用率的重要途徑，同時(shí)也為測(cè)土配方施肥工作的下一步展開提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。1試驗(yàn)材料與方法1.1試驗(yàn)材料試驗(yàn)作物：玉米,試驗(yàn)品種：德美亞一號(hào)。1.2試驗(yàn)用肥料肥料名稱：尿素（含N46%）、磷酸二銨（含P2O546%）、氯化鉀（含K2O60%）；1.3試驗(yàn)地情況試驗(yàn)地設(shè)在八五九農(nóng)場(chǎng)科研站1個(gè)，19站2個(gè)，試驗(yàn)地基本情況見表1。表1試驗(yàn)地肥力地塊編號(hào)土壤肥力土壤測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)pH值有機(jī)質(zhì)（g/kg)堿解氮（mg/kg）有效磷（mg/kg）速效鉀（mg/kg）156326G20141103Q004中等4.9813.8256.2330.25285.99156326G20141103Q016中等5.2618.7288.2935.39280.44156326G20141103X003中等5.3519.8280.5539.5189.68表2試驗(yàn)地基本情況地塊編號(hào)地塊面積地號(hào)種植戶156326G20141103Q0047403#陳永東156326G20141103Q0163108#王立軍156326G20141103X0036501#劉井奎1.4試驗(yàn)方法：常規(guī)施肥技術(shù)、配方施肥技術(shù)均采用常規(guī)五項(xiàng)肥料試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。常規(guī)五項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)有氮、磷、鉀3個(gè)試驗(yàn)因素，每個(gè)因素設(shè)施肥和不施肥2個(gè)試驗(yàn)水平，不完全實(shí)施，共5個(gè)試驗(yàn)處理。試驗(yàn)處理為不施肥（N0P0K0）、施磷鉀肥不施氮肥（N0P1K1）、施氮鉀肥不施磷肥（N1P0K1）、施氮磷肥不施鉀肥（N1P1K0）、完全肥（N1P1K1）。常規(guī)施肥技術(shù)5個(gè)小區(qū)組成常規(guī)施肥技術(shù)區(qū)，簡稱A區(qū)，5個(gè)處理為A-N0P0K0、A-N0P1K1、A-N1P0K1、A-N1P1K0、A-N1P1K1，A區(qū)5個(gè)處理隨機(jī)排列。配方施肥技術(shù)區(qū)簡稱B區(qū)，除包括與A區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)的5個(gè)小區(qū)外，磷肥再增加3個(gè)減量的水平，分別為施配方施肥量的85%（P0.85），配方施肥量的90%（P0.90），配方施肥量的95%（P0.95），與施氮施鉀組合形成3個(gè)處理。即B區(qū)一共包括8個(gè)處理，分別為B-N0P0K0、B-N0P1K1、B-N1P0K1、B-N1P1K0、B-N1P1K1、B-N1P0.85K1、B-N1P0.90K1、B-N1P0.95K1。B區(qū)進(jìn)行小區(qū)排列時(shí)，在條件允許的情況下，盡量使8個(gè)處理排在一列，原配方施肥試驗(yàn)的5個(gè)小區(qū)與常規(guī)施肥的5個(gè)小區(qū)并列，再順次增加3個(gè)小區(qū)安排新增的3個(gè)處理，并使B-N1P1K1處理同時(shí)與配方施肥的試驗(yàn)和磷減量的試驗(yàn)同時(shí)相鄰（即把B-N1P1K1處理固定放在第5個(gè)小區(qū)），其他小區(qū)隨機(jī)排列。A區(qū)與B區(qū)相對(duì)排列見圖1。每處理為一個(gè)小區(qū)，小區(qū)形狀長方形，每小區(qū)面積不低于30m2與“提高肥料利用率試驗(yàn)研究”結(jié)合，在對(duì)比試驗(yàn)區(qū)4個(gè)方向中任意1個(gè)方向設(shè)置5個(gè)處理。每處理為一個(gè)小區(qū)，小區(qū)在區(qū)組內(nèi)隨機(jī)排列。小區(qū)形狀長方形，每小區(qū)面積不低于30m2圖119作業(yè)站排布圖A-N0P1K1B-N0P1K1滴灌加肥區(qū)滴灌區(qū)A-N1P0K1B-N1P1K0A-N1P1K0B-N1P0K1A-N0P1K1B-N0P0K0A-N0P0K0B-N1P1K1B-N1P0.85K1B-N1P0.90K1B-N1P0.95K119作業(yè)站排布圖A-N0P1K1B-N0P1K1滴灌加肥區(qū)滴灌區(qū)A-N1P0K1B-N1P1K0A-N1P1K0B-N1P0K1A-N0P1K1B-N0P0K0A-N0P0K0B-N1P1K1B-N1P0.85K1B-N1P0.90K1B-N1P0.95K1科研站排布圖A-N0P1K1B-N0P1K1滴灌加肥區(qū)滴灌區(qū)A-N1P0K1B-N1P1K0A-N1P1K0B-N1P0K1A-N0P1K1B-N0P0K0A-N0P0K0B-N1P1K1B-N1P0.85K1B-N1P0.90K1B-N1P0.95K11.5施肥量設(shè)計(jì)1.5.1肥料利用率施肥量設(shè)計(jì)類別編號(hào)折純量商品量N(kg/畝)P2O5(kg/畝)K2O(kg/畝)尿素(kg/畝)二銨(kg/畝)硫酸鉀(kg/畝)配方肥用量Q00494.5315.749.785Q01694.5315.749.785X00394.53.1715.749.785.29常規(guī)施肥用量181181.6主要技術(shù)措施秋翻地、春耙地、夾肥起壟，5月中旬人工點(diǎn)播，畝保苗5500株。中耕3遍，藥劑除草一遍，人工除草三遍。2項(xiàng)目調(diào)查及記載2.1氣象記錄表32014年氣象記錄月份溫度(℃)平均（℃）降水量(mm)月總量（mm）上旬中旬下旬上旬中旬下旬4月2.67.114.78.20.206.26.45月1113.415.813.533.49.27.650.26月23.516.422.620.80.521.832.654.97月23.820.722.822.425.546.840.3112.68月22.420.421.121.38.619.20.628.49月18.614.412.315.172.715.17.795.52013年氣象數(shù)據(jù)月份溫度(℃)平均（℃）降水量(mm)月總量（mm）上旬中旬下旬上旬中旬下旬4月-0.31.66.62.69.68.01.318.95月11.215.116.314.33.013.913.530.46月20.819.920.420.41.013.516.831.37月22.522.122.422.318.217.246.581.98月23.821.517.220.732.5142.419.4194.39月16.614.810.814.114.444.17.766.2本試驗(yàn)于5月20日播種，5月的平均氣溫為13.5℃，已達(dá)到了作物出苗要求的最低溫度界限，且5月份雨水充足，為播種后的出苗提供了良好環(huán)境條件，6月-9月氣溫與2013年相比較，有所提高，這對(duì)玉米后期生長較為有利，2014年的降雨量相對(duì)2013年有所減少，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)季節(jié)降雨量減少75mm，較少的降雨為后期收獲提供基礎(chǔ)。3調(diào)查結(jié)果與數(shù)據(jù)分析3.1生育期觀察表根據(jù)田間三個(gè)試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)調(diào)查，出苗后各處理生育進(jìn)程明顯不同，配方施肥區(qū)較常規(guī)施肥區(qū)玉米成熟延遲2d左右，無氮區(qū)玉米的成熟期較全肥區(qū)提早4-5天，無鉀區(qū)較全肥區(qū)葉片早衰明顯，其他施肥處理對(duì)玉米生育期的影響不明顯。表4生育期調(diào)查表（19作業(yè)站）處理播種期出苗期拔節(jié)期抽雄期吐絲期成熟期A-N0P1K15.205.287.228.78.129.26A-N1P0K15.205.297.248.88.119.25A-N1P1K05.205.277.228.78.139.25A-N1P1K15.205.287.218.68.129.29A-N0P0K05.205.307.248.98.159.25B-N0P1K15.205.287.228.78.119.26B-N1P0K15.205.287.218.78.139.27B-N1P1K05.205.297.238.98.129.27B-N1P1K15.205.297.238.88.139.29B-N0P0K05.205.277.208.58.129.25B-N1P0.85K15.205.287.228.68.139.28B-N1P0.90K15.205.287.218.68.129.27B-N1P0.95K15.205.277.228.88.139.2819作業(yè)站處理播種期出苗期拔節(jié)期抽雄期吐絲期成熟期A-N0P1K15.195.277.208.68.139.25A-N1P0K15.195.297.228.68.129.25A-N1P1K05.195.267.218.78.139.25A-N1P1K15.195.287.218.58.119.29A-N0P0K05.195.397.258.98.169.24B-N0P1K15.195.267.238.78.139.26B-N1P0K15.195.277.208.58.129.28B-N1P1K05.195.287.238.68.149.27B-N1P1K15.195.297.218.98.159.29B-N0P0K05.195.267.208.68.119.24B-N1P0.85K15.195.297.238.88.139.27B-N1P0.90K15.195.267.218.78.129.27B-N1P0.95K15.195.277.228.98.159.28科研站處理播種期出苗期拔節(jié)期抽雄期吐絲期成熟期A-N0P1K15.205.287.228.78.119.24A-N1P0K15.205.297.248.68.159.25A-N1P1K05.205.277.228.68.139.26A-N1P1K15.205.287.218.78.139.29A-N0P0K05.205.307.248.58.119.25B-N0P1K15.205.287.228.78.159.25B-N1P0K15.205.287.218.58.139.27B-N1P1K05.205.297.238.68.129.27B-N1P1K15.205.297.238.88.159.30B-N0P0K05.205.277.208.88.129.25B-N1P0.85K15.205.287.228.78.139.28B-N1P0.90K15.205.287.218.58.129.27B-N1P0.95K15.205.277.228.68.149.283.2產(chǎn)量性狀調(diào)查表通過各試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)的調(diào)查結(jié)合表6產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成調(diào)查表分析，配方施肥區(qū)的玉米穗長明顯高于常規(guī)施肥區(qū)，無肥區(qū)與全肥區(qū)穗粒數(shù)增加，常規(guī)施肥與配方施肥玉米的百粒重差異不明顯，無氮區(qū)肥料元素缺失對(duì)產(chǎn)量影響較大，缺氮區(qū)的產(chǎn)量相對(duì)較低，其次是無鉀區(qū)，無磷區(qū)影響最小，通過試驗(yàn)分析，氮、磷、鉀的缺失對(duì)玉米產(chǎn)量的影響較大，配方肥各處理產(chǎn)量均高于常規(guī)施肥區(qū)的處理。而減磷處理中以B-N1P0.90K1表現(xiàn)最好，產(chǎn)量也最高，其次為B-N1P0.95K1處理。6產(chǎn)量性狀調(diào)查表（19作業(yè)站）處理穗長(cm)禿尖(cm)穗粗(cm)穗行數(shù)穗粒數(shù)百粒重（g）畝產(chǎn)（kg/畝）A-N0P1K111.31.53.8614426.426.7569.24A-N1P0K112.61.33.1716428.228.2603.76A-N1P1K014.50.83.811446226.4609.84A-N1P1K116.10.64.1816486.327.3663.80A-N0P0K011.41.43.2514402.427.8559.34B-N0P1K115.91.14.1116477.627.3651.92B-N1P0K116.10.44.1616437.426.9588.30B-N1P1K015.713.9214491.326.1641.15B-N1P1K118.21.54.5716468.227.7648.46B-N0P0K012.60.93.1614402.627.5553.58B-N1P0.85K115.31.13.9116470.326.5623.15B-N1P0.90K114.81.33.8716483.127.2657.02B-N1P0.95K117.21.04.2214481.526.6640.4019作業(yè)站處理穗長(cm)禿尖(cm)穗粗(cm)穗行數(shù)穗粒數(shù)百粒重（g）畝產(chǎn)（kg/畝）A-N0P1K113.10.73.114412.526.9554.81A-N1P0K114.70.54.51644326.3582.55A-N1P1K011.40.53.414409.828.5583.97A-N1P1K112.40.63.616468.127.5643.64A-N0P0K012.51.44.614450.626.2590.29B-N0P1K1131.23.714476.726.9641.16B-N1P0K115.41.53.216489.926.2641.77B-N1P1K016.30.73.916416.427.1564.22B-N1P1K116.61.64.214497.226.2651.33B-N0P0K013.80.53.714435.726.3572.95B-N1P0.85K1160.94.116496.226.4654.98B-N1P0.90K115.40.64.416466.928.3660.66B-N1P0.95K115.60.43.21442726.8572.18科研站處理穗長(cm)禿尖(cm)穗粗(cm)穗行數(shù)穗粒數(shù)百粒重（g）畝產(chǎn)（kg/畝）A-N0P1K1121.33.314441.326.8591.34A-N1P0K113.70.94.116451.227.1611.38A-N1P1K012.21.34.316467.626.8626.58A-N1P1K114.60.83.214459.727.7636.68A-N0P0K014.10.64.114418.426.6556.47B-N0P1K115.30.43.116454.527613.58B-N1P0K115.50.84.114439.928.5626.86B-N1P1K016.20.43.216449.127.3613.02B-N1P1K116.40.63.914483.726.3636.07B-N0P0K013.81.64.514445.326.4587.80B-N1P0.85K112.50.63.314461.126.3606.35B-N1P0.90K113.51.13.316472.827.7654.83B-N1P0.95K114.10.43.314478.526.2626.843.4小區(qū)實(shí)收產(chǎn)量表表7產(chǎn)量表(19作業(yè)站)處理產(chǎn)量（kg/畝）樣點(diǎn)1產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)2產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)3產(chǎn)量平均產(chǎn)量A-N0P1K1582.52575.9549.31569.24A-N1P0K1615.89624.91570.49603.76A-N1P1K0628.92628.92571.68609.84A-N1P1K1668.71649.04673.65663.80A-N0P0K0577.39543.92556.70559.34B-N0P1K1641.76649.48664.53651.92B-N1P0K1579.35604.37581.19588.30B-N1P1K0622634.78666.66641.15B-N1P1K1723.52706.99514.86648.46B-N0P0K0562.25535.65562.83553.58B-N1P0.85K1657.19635.46576.79623.15B-N1P0.90K1654.19661.44655.42657.02B-N1P0.95K1649.66634.01637.52640.4019作業(yè)站處理產(chǎn)量（kg/畝）樣點(diǎn)1產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)2產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)3產(chǎn)量平均產(chǎn)量A-N0P1K1552.75540.38571.30554.81A-N1P0K1578.37593.62575.66582.55A-N1P1K0599.13565.28587.50583.97A-N1P1K1641.3637.89651.73643.64A-N0P0K0599.3579.94591.63590.29B-N0P1K1643.55622.09657.84641.16B-N1P0K1628.06652.66644.59641.77B-N1P1K0568.39562.14562.13564.22B-N1P1K1653.82646.08654.09651.33B-N0P0K0584.38566.41568.06572.95B-N1P0.85K1648.19663.73653.02654.98B-N1P0.90K1646.66658.33676.99660.66B-N1P0.95K1582.34567.91566.29572.18科研站處理產(chǎn)量（kg/畝）樣點(diǎn)1產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)2產(chǎn)量樣點(diǎn)3產(chǎn)量平均產(chǎn)量A-N0P1K1593.55573.69606.79591.34A-N1P0K1613.63602.35618.15611.38A-N1P1K0640.61631.26607.88626.58A-N1P1K1649.04637.15623.86636.68A-N0P0K0569.02556.47543.93556.47B-N0P1K1613.58597.67629.48613.58B-N1P0K1619.47633.26627.84626.86B-N1P1K0626.49590.57622.00613.02B-N1P1K1627.22647.37633.61636.07B-N0P0K0578.89603.38581.12587.80B-N1P0.85K1600.62605.35613.07606.35B-N1P0.90K1644.88659.02660.58654.83B-N1P0.95K1621.17636.17623.17626.843.5植株樣品養(yǎng)分測(cè)定分析植物養(yǎng)分與土壤肥力養(yǎng)分是相對(duì)平衡，而肥料效應(yīng)與土壤肥力也存在一定的相關(guān)。從表8可看出，玉米對(duì)施氮較敏感，對(duì)施磷鉀則相對(duì)低效；從養(yǎng)分平衡方面分析，作物對(duì)營養(yǎng)元素的吸收是平衡吸收的，要對(duì)作物合理平衡地施肥，必須依據(jù)土壤養(yǎng)分情況進(jìn)行選擇性肥料施入，通過數(shù)據(jù)分析得出：不同用量的氮磷鉀肥施用都顯著影響了植株各部分的養(yǎng)分含量，其大致規(guī)律是隨肥料用量的增加植株中的氮磷鉀養(yǎng)分濃度也有所提高，說明百公斤玉米籽粒帶出氮磷鉀養(yǎng)分量有隨著施肥水平的提高而增加的趨勢(shì)。表8玉米植株樣品測(cè)定結(jié)果表（19作業(yè)站）處理果穗產(chǎn)量Kg/畝莖葉產(chǎn)量Kg/畝玉米籽粒養(yǎng)分含量玉米秸稈養(yǎng)分含量NPKNPKA-N0P1K1569.24697.141.350.20.410.540.081.93A-N1P0K1603.76770.061.530.250.380.690.091.87A-N1P1K0609.84812.141.260.240.370.530.112.22A-N1P1K1663.8826.31.590.190.330.590.11.82A-N0P0K0559.34745.241.290.20.310.670.091.83B-N0P1K1651.92810.721.170.210.40.510.081.68B-N1P0K1588.3737.51.270.260.330.530.131.87B-N1P1K0641.15846.151.40.210.350.50.131.57B-N1P1K1653.46897.061.490.240.30.710.111.73B-N0P0K0553.58758.181.60.210.30.680.081.79B-N1P0.85K1623.15819.051.40.240.340.540.111.84B-N1P0.90K1657.02837.021.570.230.340.630.121.86B-N1P0.95K1640.48001.420.260.380.590.091.81（19作業(yè)站）處理果穗產(chǎn)量Kg/畝莖葉產(chǎn)量Kg/畝玉米籽粒養(yǎng)分含量玉米秸稈養(yǎng)分含量NPKNPKA-N0P1K1554.81741.011.280.210.360.410.081.58A-N1P0K1582.55783.951.270.30.460.50.111.92A-N1P1K0583.97783.271.60.250.290.560.092.15A-N1P1K1653.64794.041.390.240.380.60.081.59A-N0P0K0590.29792.191.450.250.440.630.122.3B-N0P1K1641.16807.361.220.30.480.520.111.71B-N1P0K1631.77831.571.380.150.450.460.092.04B-N1P1K0564.22768.821.160.280.390.430.142.33B-N1P1K1661.33804.731.530.310.410.640.151.94B-N0P0K0572.95734.651.230.270.440.550.111.67B-N1P0.85K1654.98826.781.40.360.340.490.11.86B-N1P0.90K1660.66829.061.610.340.40.560.131.87B-N1P0.95K1572.18733.581.530.350.310.570.162.21（科研站）處理果穗產(chǎn)量Kg/畝莖葉產(chǎn)量Kg/畝玉米籽粒養(yǎng)分含量玉米秸稈養(yǎng)分含量NPKNPKA-N0P1K1591.34770.441.070.310.310.480.081.84A-N1P0K1611.38778.781.380.340.350.470.071.97A-N1P1K0626.58800.981.040.360.410.520.072.28A-N1P1K1636.68799.081.390.330.380.570.11.88A-N0P0K0556.47760.471.190.30.360.620.11.73B-N0P1K1613.58792.081.240.310.370.560.071.91B-N1P0K1626.86786.461.280.330.30.60.051.82B-N1P1K0613.02763.521.240.320.460.590.062B-N1P1K1658.07826.771.530.320.410.730.11.91B-N0P0K0587.8793.21.290.310.370.520.051.78B-N1P0.85K1606.35800.751.380.350.470.630.081.9B-N1P0.90K1654.83846.531.530.320.390.690.111.93B-N1P0.95K1626.84814.541.570.330.430.580.11.943.6肥利用率的計(jì)算每形成100kg經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量養(yǎng)分吸收量的計(jì)算：首先分別計(jì)算各個(gè)試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)的測(cè)土配方施肥和無氮區(qū)的每形成100kg經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量養(yǎng)分吸收量，計(jì)算公式如下：每形成100kg經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量養(yǎng)分吸收量=（籽粒產(chǎn)量×籽粒養(yǎng)分含量+莖葉產(chǎn)量×莖葉養(yǎng)分含量）/籽粒產(chǎn)量。然后，將本地該品種所有結(jié)果匯總，計(jì)算出該品種的平均值。測(cè)土配方施肥下氮肥利用率的計(jì)算：測(cè)土配方施肥區(qū)作物吸氮總量=測(cè)土配方施肥區(qū)產(chǎn)量×施氮下形成100公斤經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量養(yǎng)分吸收量/100；無氮區(qū)作物吸氮總量=無氮區(qū)產(chǎn)量×無氮下形成100公斤經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量養(yǎng)分吸收量/100；氮肥利用率=（測(cè)土配方施肥區(qū)作物吸氮總量-無氮區(qū)作物吸氮總量）/所施肥料中氮素的總量×100%表9試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)肥料利用率（19作業(yè)站）處理百公斤籽粒養(yǎng)分吸收量(kg)化肥用量(kg/畝)肥料利用率(%)NP2O5K2ONP2O5K2ONP2O5K2OA-N0P1K12.01///5.34.6///A-N1P0K1/0.36/10.6/4.6///A-N1P1K0//3.3310.65.3////A-N1P1K12.320.312.6010.65.34.637.557.3831.32A-N0P0K0/////////B-N0P1K11.80///4.53.3///B-N1P0K1/0.42/9.8/3.3///B-N1P1K0//2.429.84.5////B-N1P1K12.460.392.679.84.53.343.8711.9437.93B-N0P0K0/////////B-N1P0.85K12.110.382.769.83.833.314.1311.2129.13B-N1P0.90K12.370.382.719.84.053.339.0412.3047.72B-N1P0.95K12.160.372.649.84.283.320.938.5820.78試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)肥料利用率（19作業(yè)站）處理百公斤籽粒養(yǎng)分吸收量(kg)化肥用量(kg/畝)肥料利用率(%)NP2O5K2ONP2O5K2ONP2O5K2OA-N0P1K11.83///5.34.6///A-N1P0K1/0.45/10.6/4.6///A-N1P1K0//3.1710.65.3////A-N1P1K12.120.342.3110.65.34.635.008.4230.52A-N0P0K0/////////B-N0P1K11.87///4.53.3///B-N1P0K1/0.27/9.8/3.3///B-N1P1K0//3.569.84.5////B-N1P1K12.310.492.779.84.53.332.819.9043.63B-N0P0K0/////////B-N1P0.85K12.020.492.699.83.833.312.2511.0421.87B-N1P0.90K12.310.502.759.84.053.333.2512.6538.26B-N1P0.95K12.260.563.149.84.283.39.348.5233.41試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)肥料利用率（科研站）處理百公斤籽粒養(yǎng)分吸收量(kg)化肥用量(kg/畝)肥料利用率(%