職稱英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)b級(jí)模擬12

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)B級(jí)模擬12

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接

近的選項(xiàng)

1>Sheeventuallymarriedthemostpersistentoneofheradmirers.

A.inawayB.induecourseC.intheendD.

inanycase

2、Fiveminutesleftztheoutcomeofthematchwasstillindoubt.

A.resultB.judgmentC.decisionD.

event

3、Thereporterwasaccusedofunprofessionalconduct.

A.movementB.wordsC.principleD.

behavior

4、Hemadeaconsiderablesumofmoneyinrealestate.

A.largeB.positiveC.powerfulD.

realistic

5、Acrowdgatheredtoseewhathadhappened.

A.collectedB.fixedC.

dividedD.assist

6、IfImadeamistake,Iwilltrytoremedyit.

A.clarifyB.diagnoseC.

evaporateD.correct

7>WederiveinformationmainlyfromtheInternet.

A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.

trace

8、Hissolemotivewastomakeherhappy.

A.aimB.argumentC.

capabilityD.pursuit

9、Hecouldnottoleratetheextremesofheatinthedesert.

A.bearB.hateC.likeD.

criticize

10、Thesefactorsinteractintimatelyandcannotbeseparated.

A.tenselyB.nearlyC.

carefullyD.closely

11>Sheexhibitedgreatpowersofenduranceduringtheclimb.

A.playB.sendC.showD.

tell

12>Theeternalmotionofthestarsfascinatedhim.

A.longB?neverendingC.boringD.

extensive

13>Shecouldnotanswer,itwasanimmenseloadoffherheart.

A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD

enormous

14、Thebookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.

A.forceB.influenceC.

surpriseD.power

15>Accompaniedbycheerfulmusiczwebegantodance.

A.pleasantB.colorfulC.fashionableD.

different

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提的

是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A：如果該句提的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B：如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)

有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

IrradiatingFood

Irradiatingfruits,vegetables,porkandchickentokillinsectsand

bacteriahasbeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministrationoverthepast

decade.Irradiationofothermeats,suchasbeefandlamb,isbeingreviewed.

Federalapprovaldoesnotrequirethatindustryadopttheprocess,andfew

foodprocessorspresentlyofferirradiatedproducts.

Marketstudieshaveshownthatmanyconsumersareafraidthateating

irradiatedfoodsmaycausecancer,despitescientificstudiesthatprovethe

safetyoftreatedfoods.Somepeoplearguethatmoreseveregovernment

inspection,higherfood-safetystandardandmorecareful-preparation

practicesbyconsumersareallthatisneededtoensurethatfoodissafe.

Consequently,companiescurrentlyseenoneedtospendmillionsofdollars

outfittingprocessingplantswiththeequipmentnecessaryforaprocessthat

veryfewshoppersareinfavorof.

Allsupermarketsthatsellirradiatedfoodmustlabelthefoodeither

directlyonthepackaging,or,inthecaseofbulkitemslikefruitsandvegetables,

byplacingasignnearby.Thereisnorequirementforthelabelingofirradiated

foodservedbychainrestaurantsorhospitalsthatbuydirectlyfrom

distributors,noranyregulationsforproductsthatcontainirradiated

ingredients.

Presently,theFDAallowsfoodtobetreatedwiththreetypesofradiation

——gammarays（伽馬射線），high-energyelectrons,andXrays——andsetslimits

ondoseszdependingonthetypeoffood.Theprincipleisthatthedoseto

beusedforacertaintypeoffoodshouldnotexceedtheamountthatissufficient

tokillmostharmfulinsectsandbacteriapresentinit.Differenttypesof

food,becauseoftheirmolecularcompositions,mayrequiredifferentdoses

ofradiation.

16>Killinginsectsandbacteriapresentinfoodsbyirradiatingiscompletely

approvedbytheUSgovernment.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Agreatmanyfoodprocessorsproduceirritatedfoods.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Manyconsumerssuspectthesafetyofirradiatedfoodsandsuggestthe

governmentinspectthemseverely.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Somecompaniesforeseethebankruptcyoffoodprocessingfactories.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Irradiatedfruitsandvegetablesdonotneedtobelabelled.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Restaurantscanserveirradiatedfoodboughtdirectlyfromdistributors

withoutlabelingit.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Accordingtothepassage,FDAapprovesirradiatingfoodtosomeextent

butirradiatedfoodisnotwidelyaccepted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第3?6段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題：（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

ElectromagneticEnergy

1.Whitelightseemstobeacombinationofailcolors.Theenergythatcomesfroma

sourceoflightisnotlimitedtothekindofenergyyoucansee.Heatisgivenoffbya

flameoranelectriclight.Onacloudydayitispossibletogetasunburneventhough

youfeelcool.Visiblelightandthekindofenergythatproducewarmthandsunburn

areexamplesofelectromagneticenergy.

2.Thesunis93millionmilesfromtheearth.Yetwecanuseenergyfromthesun

becauseelectromagneticenergytravelsthroughspace.

3.Manyotherkindsofenergyarealsotypesofelectromagneticenergy.Radio,

television,andradarsignalstravelfromtransmitterstoreceiversaslow-energy

electromagneticwaves.Infrared（紅外線的）radiationisanelectromagneticwave.

Whenitisabsorbedbymatter,heatisproduced.Wavesofinfraredandvisiblelight

havemoreenergythanwavesofradio,television,orradar.Ultravioletrays（紫夕卜線）

andX-raysareelectromagneticwaveswithevengreateramountsofenergy.Infrared

radiationisusedincookingfoodandheatingbuildings.Sunlightandelectriclightsare

partofourrequirementsfornormalliving.Ultravioletradiationisusefulinkilling

certaindiseaseorganisms.X-raysandgammarayshavesomushenergythatthey

travelrightthroughsolidobjects.Theycanbeusedtodetectandtreatcancer.X-rays

areusedinindustrytofindhiddencracksinmetal,andinmedicinetorevealbroken

bones.

4.Usuallyweuseelectricitytogenerateelectromagneticenergy.Thesourceofmost

ofourenergyisthesun.Heatfromthesuncauseswatertoevaporate.Whenthewater

fallstotheearthasrain,someofitistrappedbehinddamsandthenusedtooperate

electricgenerators.Othergeneratorsarepoweredbycoal,buttheenergystoredincoal

camefromthesun,too.

5.Untilrecently,thesourceofthetremendousamountofenergygivenoffbythe

sunwasapuzzle.Ifthesundependedonchemicalreactions,itwouldhaveusedupall

itsenergylongago.Experimentswithelectromagneticradiationledtothetheorythat

masscanbeconvertedintoenergy.Aboutfortyyearsafterthetheorywasproposed,

nuclearenergywasharnessed（利用）byman.Chemicalenergycomesfromelectron（電

子）rearrangement.Nuclearenergycomesfromachangeinthenucleusofanatom.

Comparedwithchemicalreactions,nuclearreactionsreleasemillionsoftimesmore

energyperpoundoffuel.Wenowbelievethatthesun'senergycomesfromthenuclear

reactionsinwhichhydrogenischangedintohelium（氮）.

6.Nuclearenergyisbeginningtocompetewithcoalasaneconomicalsourceof

powertogenerateelectricity.Itisalsobeingusedtooperateenginesinlargeships.

Scientistscontinuetoseeknewandbettermethodsofobtainingandusingenergy.

A.NuclearReactionsastheLastingSourceoftheSun*sEnergy

B.TheMostImportantSourceofEnergy

C.TypesofElectromagneticEnergy

D.X-raysAreUsedtoDetectandTreatCancer.

E.SeekingNewSourcesofEnergy

F.NuclearEnergyisBeginningtoCompetewithCoal

23>Paragraph3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26、Paragraph6

A.electromagneticenergy

B.electromagneticenergytravelsthroughspace

C.camefromthesun

D.whenachangeinthenucleusofanatomtakesplace

E.whenthesunraysarefierce

F.chemicalenergyisgenerated

27>Visiblelightthatproducewarmthisanexampleof.

28>Wecanuseenergyfromthesunbecause.

29、Theenergystoredincoal.

30、whenelectronrearrangementtakesplace.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

第一篇

ElectronicTeaching

Thepotentialofclosed-circuittelevisionandothernewelectronic

teachingtoolsissogreatthatitisfascinatingtovisualize"theschool

oftomorrow"

Televisedlessonswilloriginatefromacentralbuildinghavingperhaps

fourorfivemasterstudios.Thelessonswillbecarriedintoclassroomsall

overacity,orevenanentirecountry.

Afteratelevisedlessonhasbeengiven,theclassroomteacherwilltake

overfortheal1-important"follow-upnperiod.Thestudentswillaskany

troublesomequestions,anddifficultpointswillbeclearedupthrough

discussion.

Theteacherintheclassroomwillhaveadditionalelectronictools.On

theteacher1sdesk,thetraditionalchalkanderaserswillhavebeenreplaced

byamultiple-controlpanelandmagnetictapeplayer.Thetapemachineswill

runpre-recordedlessonswhichpupilswillfollowbyheadphones.Thelessons

willbespecificallygearedtothestudents1levelsofability.Forinstance,

whiletheclassasawholestudieshistory,eachstudentwillreceivean

individualhistorylesson,directedtohisparticularlevelofability.

Shouldquestionarise,thestudentswillbeabletotalkdirectlytothe

teacheronindividualnintercoms"withoutdisturbingtherestoftheclass.

Inthisway,theteacherwillbeabletoconductasmanyasthreeclasses

atthesametime.

Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputerscience,studentswillbeaided

withspeciallypreparedmultimediasoftwaretostudytheirsubjectsbetter.

Homeworkwillpossiblybeassignedandhandedinviaelectronicmailsystem.

Studentscaneventakeexaminationsontheircomputerlinkedwiththeteacher's

andgetthescoreinstantly.Theywillgetcertificatesordiplomasifthey

passalltherequiredexaminations.Expertsbelievethatthistypeofeducation

willbeverypopularintheyearsahead.

31>Inparagraphone,whatdoes"theschooloftomorrow"mean?

A.Theschoolwithacentralbuilding.

B.Theschoolwithfourorfivemasterstudios.

C.Theschoolwithtelevision.

D.Theschoolwithtelevisedlessonsandelectronicteachingtools.

32、Afteratelevisedlesson,whichwillnothappen?

A.Theclassroomteacherwilltakeoverfortheall-important"follow-up"

period.

B.Thelessonswillbecarriedintoclassroomsalloveracity,oreven

anentirecountry.

C.Thestudentswillaskanytroublesomequestions.

D.Difficultpointswillbeclearedupthroughdiscussion.

33、Inthefollowingstatements,whichonewillnothappeninthetelevised

lesson?

A.Theteacherwillstillhavetoplayanimportantrole.

B.Thechalkanderaserswillstillbeused.

C.Eachstudentwillreceiveanindividuallesson.

D.Thelessonswillbespecificallygearedtothestudents1levelsofability.

34、Whatkindoflessonswillthestudentshave?

A.Thesamelessons.

B.Individuallessonsaccordingtotheirabilitylevels.

C.Individuallessonsaccordingtotheteacher*sinstruction.

D.Individuallessonsaccordingtotheirparents1instruction.

35、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichoneistrue?

A.Homeworkwillbehandedinviaelectronicmailsystem,

B.Homeworkwillbenotbeassigned.

C.Studentsnevertakeexaminations.

D.Studentsgetthescoreafteralongtime.

弟一^扁

ListeningDeviceProvidesLandslide（山崩；地滑；塌方）EarlyWarning

Adevicethatprovidesearlywarningofalandslidebymonitoringvibrations

（振動(dòng)）insoilisbeingtestedbyUKresearchers.Thedevicecouldsavethousands

ofliveseachyearbywarningwhenanareashouldbeevacuated（疏散，撤走），

thescientistssay.Suchnaturaldisastersarecommonincountriesthat

experiencesudden,heavyrainfall（降雨，降雨量）,andcanalsobetriggeredby

earthquakesandevenwatererosion（腐蝕，侵蝕）.

Landslidesstartwhenafewparticlesofsoilorrockwithinaslopestart

tomove,buttheearlystagescanbehardtospot.Followingthisinitial

movement,"slopescanbecomeunstableinamatterofhoursorminutes,nsays

NellDixonatSouthboroughUniversity,UK.Hesaysawarningsystemthatmonitors

thismovement"mightbeenoughtoevacuateablockoffiatsorcleararoad,

andsavelives.n

Themostcommonwaytomonitoraslopeforsignsofanimminent（艮「X等

發(fā)生的）landslideistowatchforchangesinitsshape.Surveyorscandothis

bymeasuringasidedirectly,orsensors（傳感器）sunkintoboreholes（鉆孑L,

井眼）orfixedabovegroundcanbeusedtomonitortheshapeofaslope.Slopes

can,however,changeshapewithouttriggeringalandslide,soeithermethod

ispronetocausingfalsealarms.NowDixon*steamhasdevelopedadevice

thatlistensforthevibrations*causedwhenparticlesbeginmovingwithin

aslope.

Thedevicetakestheformofasteelpipedroppedintoaboreholeina

slope.Theboreholeisfilledinwithgravel沙礫，礫石）aroundthepipeto

helptransmithigh-frequencyvibrationsgeneratedbyparticleswithinthe

slope.Thesevibrationspassupthetubeandarepickedupbyasensoron

thesurface.Softwareanalysesthevibrationsignaltodeterminewhethera

landslidemaybeimminent.

Thedeviceiscurrentlybeingtestedina6-metre-tallartificialclay

embankment（堤岸）inNewcastle,UK.Earlyresultssuggestitshouldprovidefewer

falsepositivesthanexistingsystems.Onceithasbeencarefullyandthoroughly-

tested,thedevicecouldbeusedtocreateacompleteearly-warningsystem

fordangerousslopes.

"Locationswithasignificantriskoflandslidescoulddefinitelybenefit

fromamachinelikethisz'*saysAdamPoulter,anexpertattheBritishRed

Cross."Aslongasitdoesn*tcosttoomuch,nBut,Poulteraddsthatan

early-warningsystemmaynotheenoughonitsown."Youneedtohavethehuman

communication,nhesays."Makingsystemsthatgetwarningstothosewhoneed

themcanbedifficult.n

36、Whatdoes"Suchnaturaldisasters"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Sudden,heavyrainfall.

B.Earthquakes.

C.Watererosion.

D.Landslides.

37、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoflandslides?

A.Theinitialmovementishardtospot.

B.Theystartwithamovementofafewparticlesofsoilorrock.

C.Theycanbedestructiveinamatterofhoursorminutes.

D?Alloftheabove.

38>Whydoresearchersdevelopanewdevicetomonitorsignsoflandsides?

A.Becausethenewdevicecanmeasurethesitedirectly.

B.Becausethenewdevicecanbesunkintoboreholesorfixedaboveground.

C.Becausethecommonmethodscancausefalsealarms.

D.Becausethecommonmethodsareuseless.

39、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofthedevice,according

toParagraph4?

A.Itisfilledinwithgravel.

B.Itconsistsofasteelpipe.

C.Itisdroppedintoaboreholefilledinwithgravel.

D.Itisconnectedtoasensoronthesurface.

40、Accordingtothecontextzwhatdoestheword"positives”inthefifth

paragraphmean?

A.Positiveelectriccharges.

B.Evidences.

C.Warnings.

D.Predictions.

第二篇

EgyptFelledbyFamine

EvenancientEgyptsmightypyramidbuilderswerepowerlessintheface

ofthefaminethathelpedbringdowntheircivilianaround2180BC.Nowevidence

gleaned（搜集）frommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftin

climatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblem--and

thesameorworsecouldhappentoday.

TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNilesannualfloodstoirrigatetheir

crops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoons（季

M）southwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods.

Dwindling（逐漸變少；使變少）rainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeant

fewerplantstoestablishthesoil.Whenraindidfallitwouldhavewashed

largeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgyptzalongwithsediment（沉

積；沉積物）fromtheWhiteNile.

TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignature（簽名；特征）fromthat

oftheWhiteNile.Sobyanalyzingisotope（同位素；differencesinmud

depositedintheNileDelta,MichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhat

proportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver.

KromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdroughtztheamountoftheBlueNile

mudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiods,

from4,500to4,200yearsago,immediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgypts

OldKingdom.

TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians.Changes

thataffectfoodsupplydonthavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffect

insocieties,saysBillRyanoftheLamontDohertyEarthObservatory（天文

臺(tái)）inNewYork.

"Similareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastating,"saysteammember

DanielStanley,ageoarchaeologist（地質(zhì)考古學(xué)家）fromtheSmithsonian

InstitutioninWashington,D.C."Anythinghumansdotoshifttheclimate

beltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystembecausethe

populationshaveincreaseddramatically.H

41^Whydoestheauthormention"pyramidbuilders'*?

A.Becausetheyonceworkedmiracles.

B.Becausetheywerewell-built.

C.Becausetheywereactuallyveryweak.

D.Becauseeventheywereunabletorescuetheircivilization.

42、Whichofthefollowingfactorswasultimatelyresponsibleforthefall

ofthecivilizationofancientEgypt?

A.Changeofclimate.

B.Famine.

C.Food.

D.Populationgrowth.

43、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.TheWhiteNileisthetrunkoftheRiverNile.

B.TheWhiteNileisthetrunkoftheBlueBile.

C.TheWhiteNileabranchoftheBlueNile.

D.TheWhiteNileandtheBlueNilearebranchesoftheRiverNile.

44、AccordingtoKrom,EgyptsOldKingdomfell

A.immediatelyafteraperiodofdrought.

B.immediatelyafteraperiodofflood,

C.justbeforeadroughtstruck.

D.justbeforeafloodstruck.

45、Theword"devastating"inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A.frustrating.

B.damaging.

C.defeating.

D.worrying.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分

別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

TheValueofMotherhood

Inshoppingmalls,theassistantstrytopushyouintobuyingHagiftto

thankherforherunselfishlove".Whenyoulogontzo（登錄到］）website,asmall

pop-up（彈出式菜單）invitesyoutobookabouquet（花束）forher.46

1

TheAmericanversionofMothersDaywasthoughtupasearlyas1905zby

AnnaJarvis,asawayofrecognizingtherealvalueofmotherhood.Thepopularity

ofMother1sDayaroundtheworldsuggeststhatJarvisgotallshewanted.

Infact,shegotmore--enoughtomakeherhorrified.

47Theybuy,amongotherthings,132millioncards.Mother1sDayisthe

No.1holidayforflowerpurchases.Thentherearethevariouscommodities,

rangingfromjewelryandclothestocosmeticsandwashingpowder,thattake

advantageofthepromotionopportunities.BecauseofthiszJarvisspentthe

last40yearsofherlifetryingtostopMother1sDay.Oneprotestagainst

thecommercialization（商品化）Mother1sDayevengotherarrestedfordisturbing

thepeace,interestingly.

48AsRalphFevre,areporterattheUKnewspaperTheGuardian,o