專題22 代詞四大類11個(gè)要點(diǎn)（清單）【 核心知識(shí)】 高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單（全國）原卷版

【口袋書】專題22代詞四大類11個(gè)要點(diǎn)（清單）原卷版代詞考點(diǎn)思維導(dǎo)圖P1考點(diǎn)清單一、it的用法P2考點(diǎn)清單二、人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞用法P3考點(diǎn)清單三、指示代詞用法P4考點(diǎn)清單四、不定代詞用法P5分類訓(xùn)練（一）單句填空（高考真題）P7分類訓(xùn)練（二）單句改錯(cuò)（高考真題）P7分類訓(xùn)練（三）單句填空（模擬試題）P8分類訓(xùn)練（四）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P9北京多方準(zhǔn)備妥善安置受災(zāi)民眾P9【代詞考點(diǎn)思維導(dǎo)圖】考點(diǎn)清單一、it的用法要點(diǎn)精講1：it典型場(chǎng)合典型示例替代it：itLearningisabitterroot,butitbearssweetfruit.學(xué)習(xí)根苦果甜。用作人稱代詞，用來指代事物或上文提到過的內(nèi)容。Ihaveboughtachair.Itismadeofwood.我買了一把椅子。它是木頭做的。Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.這個(gè)嬰兒餓得啼哭。代詞it:it指時(shí)間、距離、天氣等。It's112milesfromLondontoBirmingham.從倫敦到伯明翰有112英里。Whattimeisit?It’stwo-thirty.幾點(diǎn)了？現(xiàn)在是兩點(diǎn)半。形式it:it用作形式主語、賓語，不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作真正主語Hefounditexcitingridingtherollercoaster.他覺得坐過山車很刺激。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收。It'sapitythatyouhavetogososoon.很遺憾你這么快就得走了。強(qiáng)調(diào)it:it用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句it's…who/that…中強(qiáng)調(diào)主語，賓語或狀語Itwashisparentsthatheturnedtoforadvice.他向父母尋求建議。ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearndrawing.

正是在兩年前我開始學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。無實(shí)義it:it僅構(gòu)成句型，無實(shí)義IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.我能按時(shí)完成工作得感謝你。I'llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.我會(huì)確保一切按時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好。習(xí)語it:it用于一些習(xí)慣搭配中Believeitornot,Tomgotmarriedlastweek.信不信由你，湯姆上周結(jié)婚了。Wemadeittothesummitofthemountain.我們成功的登上了山頂。要點(diǎn)精講2：it作形式主語①Itisapity/shamethat...真可惜……②Itisnowonderthat...難怪……③Itseems/appearsthat...似乎/看來……④Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough...看起來好像……⑤Ithappensthat...碰巧……⑥Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……⑦Itissaid/reportedthat...據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道……⑧Itiscertainthat...……是一定的⑨Itisnouse/gooddoing...做……沒有用/好處⑩Ittakessbsometimetodo...做……花費(fèi)某人若干時(shí)間it作形式賓語①主語＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/ofsbtodo/that…從句②主語＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋nouse/awasteoftime/...＋doing...限時(shí)訓(xùn)練一：結(jié)合語境用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1.(全國2012II)Sarahmadetotheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.2.(陜西2012)Nomatterwhereheis,hemakes_____aruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.3.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiver______MarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.4.I’dappreciate_________ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.5.Willyouseeto_____thatmybirdsarewelllookedafterwhileIamaway？6.___________waswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors．7.Susanmade_________cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself．8.____isimpossibleforustofinishthedesignbeforeNationalDay.9._____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.10.________isnowonderthathefailedtheexam.限時(shí)訓(xùn)練二：用含it句型翻譯下列各句。11.____________________(我突然想到)Ihadleftmykeyathome.12.____________________(真可惜)hemissedthefirstflight.13.____________________(爭吵沒有用)withhim;hewillneverlisten.14.I____________________(清楚表明)hehadnothingtodowiththematter.15.____________________(在午夜)thatIgotbackhomeyesterday.考點(diǎn)清單二、人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞用法要點(diǎn)精講1：類別人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性功能主語賓語、表語定語主語、表語、賓語賓語、表語、同位語第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselvesYou,heandIareindifferentclasses.你、他和我都在不同班級(jí)。Givemeachallenge,andIwillmeetitwithjoy.讓我迎接挑戰(zhàn)，我會(huì)欣然接受。Heinvitedsomefriendsofhistohisparty.他邀請(qǐng)了他的一些朋友參加宴會(huì)。Thechildlookedathimselfinthemirrorwithinterest.那個(gè)孩子饒有興趣地看著鏡子里的自己。要點(diǎn)精講2：反身代詞①基本用法反身代詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(作賓語\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(動(dòng)賓：TomtaughthimselfChinese.,湯姆自學(xué)了漢語。,介賓：Youcan’tleavethebabybyhimself.,你不能留下孩子一個(gè)人。)),作表語：Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.,她今天不在狀態(tài)。,作同位語：Imyselfcanrepairthebike.,我自己能修那輛自行車。))②常見搭配與介詞搭配byoneself獨(dú)自地foroneself替自己；為自己ofoneself自動(dòng)地inoneself本質(zhì)上；本身與動(dòng)詞搭配applyoneselfto專心致志于behaveoneself舉止得體；行為檢點(diǎn)dressoneself打扮；自己穿衣devoteoneselfto致力于；獻(xiàn)身于helponeselfto隨便吃/用enjoyoneself玩得開心seatoneself就座；入席makeyourselfathome別客氣teachoneself自學(xué)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練一：在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。16.Jim’snameisontheumbrella.Itmustbelongto________(he).17.Wemustkeepreminding_________(we)thatitiseasiertogetintosomethingthanitistogetoutofit.18.Ourneighborsgave_____(we)ababybirdyesterdaythathurt______(it)whenitfellfromitsnest.19.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed_________to________(she)andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.20.Treat_________toaglassofwinetohelpyourelaxattheendoftheday.限時(shí)訓(xùn)練二：完成句子。21.It'stimesomebodytaughtyouhowto______________(表現(xiàn)得體).22.______________(隨便吃)someshrimp.It'sfresh.23.Won'tyoutakeaseatand______________(別客氣)?24.Youtakeeverythingtooseriously!Relaxand______________(玩得開心).25.Afterhehasretired,hewill______________(致力于)gardening.考點(diǎn)清單三、指示代詞用法要點(diǎn)精講：典型用法典型示例it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物--Where'syourcar?--It'sinthegarage.--你的汽車在哪兒？--在車庫里。Startanewfileandputthisletterinit.建立一個(gè)新檔案，把這封信放進(jìn)去。that指代上文提到的不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatone.中國人口比日本多。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofHainan.北京的天氣比海南冷。those特指上文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞ThehousesinZhengzhouarecheaperthanthoseinBeijing.鄭州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。one泛指上文提到的可數(shù)名詞，前有定語Ilostmyoldcamera;thisisanewone.我的舊相機(jī)丟了，這是一個(gè)新的。I'dlikeanapple.Areyouhavingone,too?我想買吃蘋果，你也要嗎？ones代替泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞Greenapplesoftentastebetterthanredones.青蘋果往往比紅蘋果好吃。theone特指上文提到的單數(shù)名詞Thisschoolistheonewevisitedlastweek.這是我上周參觀的那個(gè)學(xué)校。Ourhouseistheonenexttotheschool.我家的房子就是學(xué)校旁邊的那座。theones特指上文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞Don’tbuytheexpensiveapples;buythecheaperones.別買那價(jià)錢貴的蘋果，買那便宜的。such倒裝句，考慮就近一致Suchistheresultofthecontest.這就是競賽的結(jié)果。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練：在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。26.(全國2012II)Sarahmade______totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.27.(浙江2012)StudyingWendy'smenu,Ifoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilarto______ofMcDonald's.28.(福建2011)Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose______basedonyourowninterests.29.(遼寧2009)______isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.30.(山東2010)Helpingothersisahabit,_______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.31.(重慶2011)--Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.--Whatdoyouthinkof______overthere?32.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilarto_______describedinthismagazine.33.MrZhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_________whohadalreadytakenthem.34.Mypenismissing.Istillhaven’tfound_________.Iwanttobuyanew_______.35.TheinformationontheInternetgetsaroundmuchmorerapidlythan________inthenewspaper.考點(diǎn)清單四、不定代詞用法要點(diǎn)精講1：each,both,all等不定代詞用法典型用法典型示例each指兩者或兩者以上中每個(gè)Theyeachhavetheirownemailaddress.

他們每個(gè)人都有自己的電子郵件地址。both表示“兩者都”Bothhismotherandhisfatherwillbethere.

他父母二人都要去那里。all指“(三者或三者以上)全部”Allfivemenarehardworkers.

五個(gè)人全都工作努力。either表示“(兩者中的)任何一個(gè)”Youcanparkoneithersideofthestreet.

這條街兩邊都可停車。neither表示“兩者都不”Neitherofmyparentsspeaksaforeignlanguage.

我的父母都不會(huì)說外語。none表示“(三者或三者以上)全無，沒有一點(diǎn)”Wehavethreesonsbutnoneofthemlivenearby.

我們有三個(gè)兒子，但他們都不住在附近。nothing表示“沒有任何東西”Thedoctorsaidtherewasnothingwrongwithme.

醫(yī)生說我什么毛病也沒有。another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一”Heavyrains

continued

another

three

days.

大雨持續(xù)了三天。Wouldyoulikeanotherdrink?還想喝一杯嗎？other泛指“其余的”，只作定語Arethereanyotherquestions?

還有其他問題沒有？others“另一些”Don't

expect

others

to

read

yourmind.

不要期望別人能看出你的心思。theother特指兩者之中的另一個(gè)Heraisedonearmandthentheother.

他先舉起一只手，然后舉起另一只。theothers“剩余的一些”I

walked

back

while

the

others

rode

inthecar.

別人都乘車，而我是走回來的。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練一：結(jié)合語境用both,all,either,neither,none,nothing填空。26.Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbut_______wasavailablefromthatshop.(江西2012) 27.---Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?---_______,thankyou.I'vejusthadsomewater.(遼寧2011)28.Ofallthebooksonthedesk,__________isofanyuseforourstudy.(四川2006)29.Theyproducedtworeports,______ofwhichcontainedanyusefulsuggestions.(上海2011春)30.Youmaydropinorjustgivemeacall._______willdo.(安徽2006)31.Bothteamswereinhardtraining;__________waswillingtolosethegame.32.Imadeacalltomyparentsyesterday.Tomydisappointment,_______ofthemansweredit.33.On_________side/On_______sidesoftheroadweregreenfieldsandsomefarmhouse.34–Howdoyoufindyourclassmates?–Mostofthemarekind,but______issogoodtomeasBruce.35.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound_______ofthemagain．限時(shí)訓(xùn)練二：結(jié)合語境用something,anything,nothing,everything填空。36.(全國2017)Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’tagreewith_________.37.(全國2011II)Igotthisbicyclefor_________:Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.38.(四川2011)Thereis_________inhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.39.(湖南2011)Iknowthat_________wouldeverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.40.Shecouldn'tseeorhear_________atall.限時(shí)訓(xùn)練三：結(jié)合語境用other,others,another,theother,theothers填空。41.Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingis________.(重慶2013)42.I'llspendhalfofmyholidaypracticingEnglishand_________halflearningdrawing.(全國2010I)43.Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotriseby__________fourpercent.(四川2008)44.Bothsideshaveaccused_________ofbreakingthecontract.(上海2006春)45.Itisverynecessarythatchildrenshouldbetaughthowtogetalongwith_________.46.Jackishard-workingandintelligent.In_________words,Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.47.ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,and______animals.48.Therearefivelanguagelabshere.Oneisonthesecondfloorand_________areinthethirdfloor.49.Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainst_______.50.Idon'tknowanyFrenchpeople_________thanyou.要點(diǎn)精講2：典型用法典型示例few修飾可數(shù)名詞，否定含義，“幾乎沒有”Thelastfewwintershavebeenverycold過去幾個(gè)冬天都很冷。afew修飾可數(shù)名詞，肯定含義，“幾個(gè)；一些”Ihaveafewfriends,butmyyoungersisterhasveryfew.我有一些朋友，但我妹妹幾乎沒有朋友。little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，否定含義，“幾乎沒有”Thereislittletimeleft.幾乎沒剩下什么時(shí)間了。alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，肯定含義，“一點(diǎn)”ShecanspeakalittleFrench,butsheknowslittleEnglish.她能講點(diǎn)法語，但她幾乎不懂英語。many修飾可數(shù)名詞，肯定含義，“許多”Wedon'thaveverymanycopiesleft.我們所剩的冊(cè)數(shù)不多。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，肯定含義，“許多”Idon'thavemuchmoneywithme.我沒帶多少錢。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練四：結(jié)合語境用上述單詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。51.Itrytovisitmyparents

every________weeks.

52.Hewasadvisedtosmoke________cigarettesanddrink________beer.

53.Butafterthephonecall,thejournalistpromisedtoask

________

friendstoteachhim.

54.Newdrivershave

twiceas________many

accidentsasexperienceddrivers.55.Teenagerswho

are

addicted

to

the

Internetare

________

likely

to

sufferfrom

depression分類訓(xùn)練（一）單句填空（高考真題）1.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.2.（2022全國乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening____________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.3.（2022北京卷）Sincepeoplecan’talwayseatoutorcookfor__________(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery.4.(2021浙江6月卷)Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof____________(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.5.(2021新高考I卷)Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin____________(I).6.(2020·新高考卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine__________(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.7.(2019北京卷)Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhisperto________(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.8.(2018全國III)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind________(they)alive.9.（2018浙江卷）ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap_________canbetoeatout.10.(2017浙江卷)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt___________(I),”saysPahlsson.分類訓(xùn)練（二）單句改錯(cuò)（高考真題）11.（2023全國甲卷）Inthatclass,MissZhao,ourbiologyteacher,showedweinsectsonstamps.12.（2023全國乙卷）LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhishair.13.（2022全國甲卷）MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitalwhenIwasoffmyschool.14.（2022全國甲卷）Withtheeffortsmadebyallsides,we(myfatherandI)begantounderstandeachotherbetter.15.（2022全國乙卷）Whenyourideabicycle,youdon’tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcausingairpollution.16.（2021全國乙卷）Somewillturntotheirparentsorteachersforhelp.Onlyalittlechoosetodealwiththeproblemsontheirown.17.（2020全國I卷）“Notthatway,”mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’tturnoutasIhadwished.18.（2020全國I卷）BestofluckwithyourslearningkungfuinChina.Seeyousoon.19.（2019全國I卷）Fromnowon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.20.（2019全國III卷）Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthatiscreatedforthem.分類訓(xùn)練（三）單句填空（模擬試題）21.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthan________inanyotherareaofthecity.22.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_______thanmobilephonesdo.23.Youaretheteamstar!Workingwith_____________isreallyyourcupoftea.24.BicyclesmadeinShanghaiarebetterthan_________madeinBeijing.25.Iwanttobuyapairofsportsshoes,_________ataproperprice,butofgoodquality.26.---Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.---But_________ofthemareinfashionnow．27.—Howmanystudentsareintheclassroom?---_________.28.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or_______.29.Thefactthatshewasforeig