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【上好課】2025年高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單專題06動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(過去時)(講案)解析版(快問快答+考點(diǎn)細(xì)目+精講精練+真題分層+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填)目錄一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法快問快答P2二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法五年高考真題細(xì)目表P2考點(diǎn)清單六、一般過去時七種典型用法(表解)P3考點(diǎn)清單七、過去進(jìn)行時五種典型用法(表解)P4考點(diǎn)清單八、過去完成時六種典型用法(表解)P4考點(diǎn)清單九、過去將來時四種典型用法(表解)P6分層訓(xùn)練(一)單句填空(高考真題2021-2024)P6分層訓(xùn)練(二)單句填空(經(jīng)典模擬2017-2020)P7分層訓(xùn)練(三)動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作P7分層訓(xùn)練(四)動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格P8分層訓(xùn)練(五)語法填空(外刊原創(chuàng))P9野營正成為鄉(xiāng)村旅游新時尚P9一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法快問快答Q1:判斷動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)有哪些小竅門?A1:最可靠的做法是掌握每種時態(tài)的使用場合和標(biāo)志性詞匯、短語,做到有的放矢。Q2:如何確定動詞的語態(tài)?A2:一方面,需要注意根據(jù)語境確定是否應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),另一方面需要抓住關(guān)鍵性標(biāo)志,如介詞by引起動作的發(fā)出者。Q3:如何確定各種從句的時態(tài)?A3:如果是狀語從句,需要考慮“主將從現(xiàn)”;如果是賓語從句要考慮主從句時態(tài)照應(yīng);有時像suggest,recommend從句還應(yīng)考慮虛擬語氣用法。Q4:應(yīng)用文寫作遇到動詞時態(tài)怎么把握?A4:書信類應(yīng)用文要結(jié)合其內(nèi)容來確定具體時態(tài)乃至語態(tài)。如邀請信和通知要使用一般將來時;感謝信和道歉信要使用一般過去時;人物介紹和地點(diǎn)介紹要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。Q5:如何才能學(xué)好動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)?A5:一是努力掌握基本知識框架,二是加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練和背誦,積少成多,學(xué)以致用。二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)五年高考真題細(xì)目表卷別現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時(含被動)2024新課標(biāo)II卷were;wasbuilt2024全國甲卷were(should)bedone2023新高考II卷wished2023全國甲卷become改為becomesmake→made(can)beemployed2023全國乙卷wasamazed2023全國北京卷hasestablishedhadarrivedwouldthrow2022新高考I卷isdesignedwere2022新高考II卷werefixing;threw2022全國甲卷haswalkedwas-were;become-became2022全國乙卷lives-live;去掉have后的beenaddressed2022北京卷has;hasincreased2021新高考I卷was2021新高考II卷was2021全國甲卷are改為iswasbuilt;hired2021全國乙卷刪去are2021北京卷connects2020全國I卷means;isconstructedtouched2020全國II卷carriesstart改為started2020全國III卷had改成havepointed(would)bechosen2020新高考卷arecalled;isformed2019全國I卷hasreported;are2019全國II卷havemadedeclared2019全國III卷required改為requiresrecommended;wereinvited2019北京卷voiced考點(diǎn)清單六、一般過去時七種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示過去已發(fā)生的動作,并有明確的時間狀語。yesterday,lastweek,in2023Myfatherwasverybusylastweek.我父親上周很忙。Wherewereyouyesterday?你昨天在哪兒?2.表示過去的習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作,常與often等頻度副詞連用。often,usually,seldom,usedtoThemanusedtosmokealot.那人過去煙癮很重。Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。3.Iwishthat…(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)Iwishthat…IwishIwastenyearsyounger.我但愿年輕10歲。IwishIcouldspeakyourlanguage.但愿我能講你們國家的話。4.Itis(high)timethat…Itis(high)timethat…It'shigh/abouttimeyouboughtanewcar.你該買輛新車了。5.Iwouldratherthat…(與現(xiàn)在、將來事實(shí)相反)Iwouldratherthat…I'dratheryouwenttomorrow.我寧愿你明天去。Iwouldratheryoudidn’tmentionthepricenow.我寧愿你現(xiàn)在別提價錢。6.Ifonly…(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)Ifonly…Ifonlylknewtheanswertoyourquestion.我但愿知道你的問題的答案。7.If….從句(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)If….,Iwould…IfIwereTom,Iwouldrefuse.如果我是湯姆,我會拒絕?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit_____________(come)onthemarketin1973.2.(2013安徽)I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyou_____________(advertise)theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?3.(2013福建)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_____________(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.4.(2017·江蘇)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_____________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens’statusasaleadingnovelist.5.(2015湖南)Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but_____________(hold)backthankfullybytheshopwindow.6.Thethreeofus_____________(travel)aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.7.(2019全國II)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene_____________(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.8.HowIwisheveryfamily_____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!9.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_____________(break).10.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe_____________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.11.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_____________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.12.Iwishit_____________(be)werespringallyearround.考點(diǎn)清單七、過去進(jìn)行時五種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作,有時間狀語暗示。at7:00lastnightWewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時候我們在看電視。2.表示過去一段時間內(nèi)頻繁發(fā)生或一直進(jìn)行的動作。thismorning,yesterdayThemanusedtosmokealot.那人過去煙癮很重。Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。3.come,leave等瞬間動詞過去進(jìn)行時表示將要發(fā)生動作。go,come,leaveIwishIwastenyearsyounger.我但愿年輕10歲。IwishIcouldspeakRussian.但愿我能講俄語。4.與as,when,while等狀語從句呼應(yīng),表示另一動作發(fā)生的背景as,when,whileItwasraininghardwhenIleftschool.當(dāng)我離開學(xué)校時,天在下大雨。IwasreadingthenewspaperwhileIwaswaitingforthebus.我一邊看報紙,一邊等公交車。5.always,constantly等頻度副詞與過去進(jìn)行時連用表示贊揚(yáng),抱怨等感情色彩always,constantly,continuallyShewasalwayschanginghermind.她總是改變主意。Inthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmeformoney.過去他總是不停要錢?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Hermother_____________(cook)inthekitchenatthistimeyesterday.2.I’dliketoknowwhatyou______________(do)at9:00lastnight.3.Wewenttothereading-roomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit_____________(decorate).4.(2014四川)She_____________(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.5.Jim_____________(watch)alatenightfilmathomewhen,rightinthemiddleofathrillingscene,thetelevisionwentblank.6.I_____________(clean)thestreetsinourneighborhoodthistimeyesterdaywhenyoucalledme.7.Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_____________(alwayswarn)nottotouchanyunattendedbag.8.(2015湖南)HemusthavesensedthatI_____________(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,"Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?"9.(2016北京)Jack_____________(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.10.He_____________(help)hisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.考點(diǎn)清單八、過去完成時六種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前或過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成。by,bytheendof,bythetime…By5:00yesterdaymorningwehaddonethatwork.到昨天早上5點(diǎn),我們已經(jīng)完成了那項工作。2.表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前或過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成。before,until,when,thanIhadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.在我進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前,我已經(jīng)學(xué)會了5000個單詞。3.intend等動詞過去完成時可以用來表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。mean,hope,want,plan,expect,thinkIhadintendedtocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.我本來打算去拜訪你,但被阻止了。4.Itwasthefirsttimethat…句型that從句用過去完成時。first/second…Itwasthefourthtimeshehadshoppedonlineforhours.這是她連續(xù)幾個小時第四次在網(wǎng)上購物。5.hardly…when…和nosooner…than…句型hardly+when;sooner+thanShehardlyhadgonetobedwhenthebellrang.她剛一上床鈴聲就響了。Nosoonerhadtheyleftthebuildingthanabombexploded.他們剛離開大樓,一枚炸彈就爆炸了。6.If虛擬條件句,Iwish…,Ifonly…,I’dratherthat…表示與過去事實(shí)相反Iwish…,Ifonly…,I’dratherthat…IfIhadleftsooner,Iwouldhavebeenontime.要是我早點(diǎn)動身,我就準(zhǔn)時到了。IfonlyIhadlistenedtomyparents!我要是當(dāng)時聽了父母的話就好了。【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2014山東)Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretime-consumingthanwe____________(expect).2.(2015安徽)JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI_____________(leave)mybankinthecafe.3.(2016浙江)Silk___________(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.4.(2017北京)Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones__________(notinvent)yet.5.I_____________(plan)tohelpyoubutcouldn’tgethereintime.6.(2019天津)I________(hope)tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn'tmanageit.7.I___________(intend)tocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.8.Therewasaknockonthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeone_____________(interrupt)methatevening.9.Thatwasthefirsttimeshe_____________(leave)aloneathomeduringtheweekends,boredtodeath.10.Itwasthefourthtimeshe_____________(shop)onlineforhours.11.She________nosooner_________(get)totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.12.HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenthetelephone_____________(ring).13.(2018天津)Ifwe_____________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.14.HowIwishI_____________(buy)thatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.15.(2015北京)—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'house?—Notreally.She_____________(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.考點(diǎn)清單九、過去將來時四種典型用法項目用法示例1.should/would+動詞原形從過去的某一時間來看將來要發(fā)生的動作,多用于主從復(fù)合句中。Hesaidtheywouldarrangeaparty.他說他們要安排聚會。HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleaveforParis.昨天他問我何時動身去巴黎。2.was/wereabouttodo…when…表示“正要……這時發(fā)生另一件事”。Iwasabouttostartwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.我正要開始這時天下雨了。3.was/werecoming…go,comeleave等動詞過去進(jìn)行時博士將要發(fā)生的動作。Ididn’tknowhewascominguntilthismorning.直到今天上午我才知道他要來。4.was/weretodo強(qiáng)調(diào)計劃性,“將要做某事”。Tomwasn'tworriedabouthisheadinjury,butitwastobetroublesomeforhimlater.湯姆不擔(dān)心他頭部的傷,但是以后這損傷必將給他帶來麻煩?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents_____________(sign)upforthedancecompetition?2.Hewasabouttogotobed________therewasaknockonthedoor.3.Whenhe_____________(open)thedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.4.(2015陜西)Atcollege,BarackObamadidn’tknowthathe_____________(become)thefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.5.Iwishhe__________(go)withmetothecinematonight.6.IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,I__________(study)atCambridgeUniversity.7.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.8.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship_____________(sink).9.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.10.Iwasn'tsurewhetherhe___________(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.分層訓(xùn)練(一)高考真題【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2024新課標(biāo)II卷)SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout__________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.2.(2024新課標(biāo)II卷)Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,__________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.3.(2024全國甲卷)They__________(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.4.(2023新高考II卷)Asalittlegirl,I(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.5.(2023全國乙卷)Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.6.(2022全國乙)ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety__________(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,..”hesaid.7.(2022新高考I)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.8.(2022新高考II)Henry__________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.9.(2021·全國甲)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It__________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.10.(2021全國甲)We__________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.分層訓(xùn)練(二)高考真題【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2021新高考I)Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit__________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.2.(2020全國I)TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探測器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess__________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.3.(2020全國III)Theartistwassurehewould__________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.4.(2020新高考)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumwhichopenedin1759.5.(2020浙江卷)Byabout6000BC,people_________(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.6.(2019江蘇)AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith___________(fall)inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey___________(drive)afewmorekilometers.8.(2018江蘇)I

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__________(carry)outin

the

pasttwoyears.9.(2018北京)Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________(work)asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.10.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem______________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.11.(2018北京)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.12.(2017天津)I________(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.13.(2017江蘇)Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe___________(follow).分層訓(xùn)練(三)動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作書面表達(dá)句式升級:請運(yùn)用準(zhǔn)確動詞時態(tài)語(過去時)態(tài)翻譯下列各句。1.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)我們的任務(wù)是畫一些給我們印象最深的東西。_________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)總之,這不僅僅是一堂藝術(shù)課;這是我真正珍惜的與大自然相連的時刻。_________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023全國甲卷)孔子游歷全國,把自己的智慧傳授給無數(shù)弟子,給中國社會留下了深刻的影響。_________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023全國乙卷)當(dāng)我上小學(xué)的時候,我有機(jī)會參加學(xué)校舉辦的音樂比賽。_________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023全國乙卷)那是我第一次觀看現(xiàn)場音樂表演。_________________________________________________________________________________6.(2023全國乙卷)去年暑假我學(xué)會了傳統(tǒng)中國油畫技巧,這證明是一個充實(shí)的過程。_________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022全國乙卷)聯(lián)合國2009年正式確定6月8日為國際海洋日。_________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022全國乙卷)總之,我們早該采取措施來保護(hù)海洋。_________________________________________________________________________________9.(2022新高考I卷)TalkandTalk欄目成立十年了。_________________________________________________________________________________10.(2021全國I卷)上個月我考試不及格情緒低落,她輕拍我的肩膀給我巨大鼓勵。_________________________________________________________________________________11.(2021全國II卷)上周末學(xué)生會組織一群志愿者去希望農(nóng)場幫助農(nóng)民采摘桃子。_________________________________________________________________________________12.(2021全國II卷)我們先摘取顏色鮮艷的桃子,然后是那些成熟變軟的桃子。_________________________________________________________________________________13.(2021全國II卷)多虧了這次采摘活動,我感謝這次接近大自然的機(jī)會。_________________________________________________________________________________14.(2021新高考I卷)上周日見證一次了不起的越野活動,這吸引了每個師生的注意。_________________________________________________________________________________15.(2021新高考I卷)這個活動受到高度評價,因?yàn)樗o我們提供鍛煉機(jī)會,還能讓我們更合作。_________________________________________________________________________________分層訓(xùn)練(四)動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)我又向他露出抱歉的微笑,懇求他延期付款。_________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)我堅定地和他握手,然后跳下車,瘋狂地向公共汽車跑去,在公共汽車出發(fā)前跳上了公共汽車。_________________________________________________________________________________3.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)我告訴他,多虧了他的慷慨和及時的幫助,一切都很順利。_________________________________________________________________________________4.(2024課標(biāo)I卷)我還送給他一件我在布拉格買的很有吸引力的紀(jì)念品,他欣然接受了。_________________________________________________________________________________5.(2024浙江1月卷)老師注意到了她的努力,稱贊了她的創(chuàng)新思維。_________________________________________________________________________________6.(2024浙江1月卷)她每走一步,都給那些追隨她的人留下了靈感的遺產(chǎn)。_________________________________________________________________________________7.(2023課標(biāo)I卷)我被告知我在寫作比賽中獲得了一等獎,兩天后將有頒獎典禮。_________________________________________________________________________________8.(2023課標(biāo)I卷)當(dāng)我被邀請上臺領(lǐng)獎時,我對我的老師表示感謝。_________________________________________________________________________________9.(2023課標(biāo)I卷)頒獎典禮結(jié)束后,我去了老師的辦公室。我的老師在等我。_________________________

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