英語閱讀復習資料

英語閱讀復習資料

LREADINGCOMPREHENSION

Passage1

Whenyou'renegotiatingwithsomeone,listenforthemessagesthatheorshemightbesendingto

you.Forexample,theword“difficult“doesnotmeanthesameasimpossible.Imagineyou're

stayinginahotel,andyouwanttochangeyourroom.Themanager'sanswerof,“Thatwouldbe

verydifficult,sir”,doesnotmeanthatheissaying“no."Itjustmeansthathewantstoknow

whatyouarepreparedtoofferhiminreturnforthechangeofroom.

Ifyouarebuyinganewcar,andwanttopaylessthanthepricebeingasked,thenthesalesman's

comment,"I'msorry,butwenevernegotiateontheprice"，meansthattheydonegotiateonother

things,likethedeliverytime,orthe“extra“thatmightbeavailableaspartofthepurchase.Inthe

samecarshowroom,ifthesalesmansays,“Sorry,Ican'tnegotiateprices"，thenyourresponse

shouldbetoaskwhocan.Themessagethesalesmanissendingsuggeststhathisbossistheone

youneedtobetalkingto.

Inallofthesesituations,themessageisnevercommunicatedinclearterms.Inanynegotiation,

thetwo“players“wishtogetasmuchoutofitastheycan,ofcourse.Inthethreeexamples

above,thesalesmenandthehotelmanagerarehopingthatyouwillaccepttheirpriceor

conditions一buttheir“messages“makeitclearthattheremayberoomformovementand

compromise.Inasuccessfulnegotiation,thetwosidesmovetowardseachotherandreach

agreementonconditionsthatsatisfybothsides.

l.Thehotelmanager'sansweruThatwouldbeverydifficult,sir“implies.

A.youcanchangetheroomifyoufindsomeexcuse

B.someoneelsehaspaidmorefortheroomunderdiscussion

C.theroomisavailableifanextrasumofmoneyisoffered

D.someoneelsehasbookedtheroominreturnformoremoney

2.Whenthesalesmentellyouthattheynevernegotiateontheprice,youcan.

A.negotiatethepricewiththemanager

B.demandtoseetheonewhocan

C.findoutotherpossibilitiesinthepurchase

D.acceptthepricewithoutanyfurthernegotiation

3.Thispassageisintendedfor.

A.managersB.customers

C.salesmenD.scholars

4.Thepassagetellsushowto.

A.sendmassagesinanegotiation

B.becomeasuccessfulsalesman

C.profitfrombusinesstransactions

D.receivemessagesinanegotiation

5.Itcanbesafelyconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A.atleasttwoplayersshouldbeintheroomforcommunication

B.alotcanbeinferredfromwhatisactuallystatedinanegotiation

C.youshouldnevercommunicateyourideasinclearterms

D.youshouldplaytherolesofasalesmanandmanagerinanegotiation

Passage2

FollowingfootballheroOJ.Simpson'sarrestinJune1994forthemurderofhisex-wifeandone

ofherfriends,NewsweekandTimemagazinesranthesamepolicemugshotofSimpsonontheir

covers.Newweekkversionwasastraightreproduction.Timeelectronicallymanipulatedthephoto

todarkenitandachieveagloomyandthreateninglookthatemphasizedSimpson'sunshaven

cheeksandAfrican-Americanskincolor.Thealterationoffendedmanyreadersandraisedan

increasinglyfamiliarquestion:Inanageofcomputer-controlledimages,cananyonestilltrusta

photograph?

Alteringadigitizedimage（數(shù)碼技術相片），asTimedidforitscover,hasbeenoneofthe

fastest-growing,mostfar-reaching,andmostcontroversial（有爭議的）techniquesincontemporary

photography.Withthismethodaphotographisscanned（掃描），digitized（convertedintoasetof

numericvalues）,andenteredintoacomputerfromwhichtheoperatorcancontroltheimage

almostinanywayimaginable:add,delete,orchangethepositionofvisualelements;modifytones

andcolors;createmontages;combinephotographs;andevencreateentirelyimaginaryscenes.The

digitizedimagecanbestoredinadatabase,outputasaprint（底片）ortransparency（透明膠片）,or

convertedforvideo-screendisplay.

Electronicimagemanipulationarrivedinforceinthe1980swithanewtypeofcomputersthat

costontheorderof$500,000ormoreandoccupiedandentireroom.Morecompactandfarless

expensivedesktopsystemssoonappeared,capableof,atleast,limitedimagecontrolandavailable

atchain-storeprices.

Theever-risingfloodofdigitizedvisualinformationmaynot,assomecriticsfear,fatallydestroy

thecertaintyofphotographicevidence.Yetmanyobserversagreethatbothsuppliersand

consumersofphotographicinformationmustexercisegreatercarethanbeforetotellfactfrom

falsehoodintheimagestheyuse.

6.Whichofthefollowingmagazineswasaccusedofdistortingthemurderer'sphotographby

manyreaders?

A.Time.B.Newsweek.

C.WashingtonPost.D.Notmentionedinthepassage

7.Nowadays,electronicimagealterationsare.

A.unbearablyexpensive

B.moreexpensiveintheStates

C.onlyavailableinchainstores

D.farlessexpensivethanbefore

8.Thedigitizedalterationtechniqueis.

A.developingwithgreatcare

B.verycapableanddevelopingrapidly

C.stronglycriticizedduetoitseasyaccess

D.fatalindestroyingthecertaintyofphotographicevidence

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Withdigitizedalterationtechniques,aphotographmaybescanned,digitizedandaltered.

B.Withdigitizedalterationtechniques,thedigitizedimagescanbestoredinadatabaseor

transformedforvideo-screendisplay.

C.Withdigitizedalterationtechniques,bothsuppliersandconsumersofphotographicinformation

areabletotellfactfromfalsehoodintheimagetheyuse.

D.Withdigitizedalterationtechniques,itispossibleforthecomputeroperatorstocontrolthe

imagealmostinanyconceivableway.

lO.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthetechniqueofdigitizedimagemanipulation?

A.Critical.B.Objective.

C.Indifferent.D.Supportive.

Passage3

Theimportanceofsymbolsasasourceofculturaldiversitycanbeseeninthedresscodesand

hairstylesofdifferentsocieties.Inmostsituations,thesymbolismofclothingandhairstyles

communicatesdifferentmessagesrangingfrompoliticalbeliefstoidentificationwithspecific

ethnicorreligiousgroups.Thetartan(格子呢)ofaScottishclan,theblackleatherjacketandlong

hairofamotorcyclegangmemberintheUnitedStates,andtheveilofanIslamicwomaninSaudi

Arabiaprovideasymbolicvocabularythatcreatesculturaldiversity.

Manyexamplesofclothingstylescouldbeusedtoillustratehowsymbolsareusedtoproduce

culturaldiversity.Consider,forinstance,changingdresscodesintheUnitedStates.Duringthe

1960s,manyyoungpeopleworejeans,sandals,andbeadstosymbolizetheirrebellionagainst

whattheyconceivedastheconformistinclinationsofAmericansociety.Bythe1980s,manyof

thesamepeoplewerewearingupowersuits”astheysoughttoadvanceupthecorporateladder.

Anexampleofhowhairstylescancreatemeaningfulsymboliccodescanbeseeninagroup

knownastheRastafarians(sometimesknownasRastasorRastaman)ofJamaica.Themajorityof

thepeopleofJamaicaareofAfricandescent.Duringtheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,they

werebroughttoJamaicabyEuropeanslavetraderstoworkonplantations.TheRastafariansarea

specificreligiousgroupwithinJamaicawhobelievethatHaileSelassie(1892-1975),theformer

emperorofEthiopia,whoseoriginalnamewasRasTafari,wastheblackMessiahwhoappearedin

thefleshfortheredemptionofallblacksexiledintheworldofwhiteoppression.Rastafarian

religionfusesOldTestamentteachings,Christianmysticism,andAfro-Jamaicanreligiousbeliefs.

TheRastafarianmovementoriginatedasaconsequenceofharsheconomic,political,andliving

conditionsintheslumsofJamaica.

Inthe1950s,duringtheearlyphaseoftheRastafarianmovement,somemalemembersbeganto

growtheirhairin“l(fā)ocks“orudreadlocksMtosymbolizetheirreligiousandpolitical

commitments.ThishairstylebecamewellknowninWesternsocietythroughreggae（強節(jié)奏黑人

音樂）musicandRastamusicianssuchasthelateBobMarley.Rastafariansderivethesymbolism

ofthedreadlockhairstyleoftheRastafariansfromtheBible.Theyviewtheunshavenmanasthe

naturalmanandinvokeSamsonasoneofthemostimportantfiguresintheBible.Dreadlocksalso

reflectadominantsymbolwithintheRastafarianmovement,thelion,whichisassociatedwith

HaileSelassie,oneofwhosetitleswastheuConqueringLionofJudah（91大）Tosimulatethe

spiritofthelion,someRastasdonotcuttheirhair,sometimesgrowingtheirlocks20inchesor

more.

Thus,toagreatextent,cultureconsistsofanetworkofsymboliccodesthatenhancevalues,

beliefs,worldviews,andideologieswithinasociety,Humansgotoagreatlengthtocreate

symbolsthatprovidemeaningforindividualsandgroups.Thesesymbolicmeaningsarea

powerfulsourceofculturaldiversity.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthisselection?

A.Hairstylesanddresscodesidentifypoliticalbeliefsindiversesocieties.

B.TheRastafarianmovementsymbolizedareligiousandpoliticalcommitment.

C.Symbolsprovidemeaningandasatisfactionofbiologicalneedsinsociety.

D.Hairstylesanddresscodescanbeimportantsymbolsofculturaldiversityindifferentsocieties.

12.TheauthorusestheexamplesoftheScottishtartan,themotorcyclejacket,andtheIslamicveil

toshow.

A.thepoliticalpowerofdresscodesindifferentsocieties

B.thediversityofclothingstylesthroughouttheworld

C.dresscodesthatsymbolizedifferentethnicandreligiousgroups

D.theresistancetochangeofculturallydifferentgroups

13.Theauthorsuggeststhattheyoungpeoplewearingjeansinthe1960swore“powersuits”in

the1980sbecause.

A.styleschangedB.theAmericangovernmentchanged

C.theirattitudesandgoalschangedD.bothoutfitssymbolizedrebellion

14.A11ofthefollowingaretrueoftheRastafariansEXCEPT.

A.theybelievethatEmperorHaileSelassiewastheblackMessiah

B.theyaretheoriginalnativesofJamaica

C.theyareareligiousgroupwithpoliticalcommitments

D.theyformedasaresultofharshlivingconditionsinJamaica

15.TheRastafarianmovementbegan.

A.atthebeginningofthenineteenthcentury

B.aroundthemiddleofthetwentiethcentury

C.beforeEuropeanslavetradersarrived

D.intheearlyeighteenthcentury

Passage4

Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinidenticallythe

samewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesassacredtexts.Itis

alwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,in

theactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprinted

text,somuchthebetter.

Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghis

sadisticimpulses.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowincontrolledexperimentthat

childrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.

Aggressive,destructive,sadistic（虐待狂的）impulseseverychildhasand,onthewhole,their

symbolicverbaldischargeseemtoberatherasafetyvalvethananincitementtoovertaction.As

tofears,thereare,Ithink,well-authenticatedcasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedby

somefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.

Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedand

mastered.

Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,

thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.,donotexist;andthat,insteadof

indulginghisfantasiesinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughthowtoadapttorealitybystudying

historyandmechanics.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustconfess,sounsympatheticandpeculiarthatIdo

notknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmen

attemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonabroomstickorcoveringatelephonewith

kissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirenchantedgirlfriend.

Nofairystoryeverclaimedtobeadescriptionoftheexternalworldandnosanechildhasever

believedthatitwas.

16.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis.

A.repeatedwithoutvariationB.treatedwithrespect

C.adaptedbytheparentD.setinthepresent

17.Fairystoriesareameansbywhichchildren'simpulsesmaybe.

A.beneficiallychanneledB.givenadestructivetendency

C.heldbackuntilmaturityD.effectivelysuppressed

18.Accordingtothepassagegreatfearcanbestimulatedinachildwhenthestoryis.

A.inarealisticsettingB.heardforthefirsttime

C.repeatedtoooftenD.dramaticallytold

19.Theadvantageclaimedforrepeatingafairystorytoyoungchildrenisthatit.

A.makesthemcometotermswiththeirfears

B.developstheirpowerofmemory

C.convincesthemthereisnothingtobeafraidof

D.encouragesthemnottohaveridiculousbeliefs

2O.Theauthor'smentioningofbroomsticksandtelephonesismeanttosuggestthat.

A.fairystoriesarestillbeingmadeup

B.theremightbeconfusionaboutdifferentkindsoftruth

C.peopletrytomodernizeoldfairystories

D.thereismoreconcernforchildren'sfearsnowadays

PassageOne

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvived

throughouttheworld—halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtiger

footprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTiger

supportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmed

guardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersin

thereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthata

maletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20sq.kilometers,dependingonits

age,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofamaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfour

tigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritorybysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidson

bushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofother

tigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoungbaby,orwhenatigeris

guardingatigressfromtheattentionofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudies

showthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthe

tigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80s)butIndia'shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutof

control.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Land

problemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforests

arereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhaveaddedtothehostility.

1.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo.

A.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

B.studythegrowthrateoftigers

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

2.Studieshaveshownthat.

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetiger

C.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

D.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

3.Accordingtothepassage,atiger'sterritory.

A.remainsunchangedB.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.isthecauseofmostfightsD.expandsasthetigergrowsup

4.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger.

A.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoalB.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasbeencarriedtoofarD.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

5.Theauthorseemsto.

A.haveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

B.beenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

C.haveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.besatisfiedwithProjectTiger

PassageTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

CentralPark,emergingfromaperiodofabuseandneglect,remainsoneofthemostpopular

attractionsinNewYorkCity,withhalfamillionout-of-townersamongthemorethan3million

peoplewhovisittheparkyearly.About15millionindividualvisitsaremadeeachyear.

Summeristheseasonforsoftball,concertsandShakespeare;fallissunning;winteris

wonderfulforsledding,skatingandskiing;andspringtimeistheloveliestofall.Itwasallplanned

thatway.

About130yearsagoFredericOlmstedandhiscollaboratorCalvertVauxsubmittedtheir

landscapingplanforarectangularparceltwomilesnorthofthetown'scenter.Thebarrenswamp

wasreportedas“aspotwheremiasmic（瘴氣的）odorspolluteeverybreathofair."Ittook16

yearsforworkerswithpickaxeandshovelstomove5millioncubicfeetofearthandrock,andto

planthalfamilliontreesandshrubs,makingatributetonature—aromantic19th-century

perceptionofnature.

WhatexiststodayisessentiallyOlmstedandVaux'splan,withmoretrees,buildingsand

roads.LandscapearchitectsstillspeakreverentlyofOlmsted'sgeniusandforesight,andthe

sensitivevisitorcanseetheeffectshesought.

6.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith.

A.thelivesofOlmstedandVaux

B.NewYorkCity'stouristindustry

C.examplesofnineteenth-centuryartinNewYorkCity

D.thedevelopmentofCentralPark

7.Accordingtothepassage,istheprettiesttimeofayearinCentralPark.

A.winterB.spring

C.summerD.fall

8.Itcanbeinferredthatthe“rectangularparcel1'mentionedinthethirdparagraphis.

A.thesiteofCentralPark

B.agiftpresentedtoNewYork

C.askyscraperinNewYork

D.theproposeddesignforCentralPark

9.Accordingtothepassage,beforeOlmstedandVauxbegantheirwork,theareanowoccupiedby

CentralParkwas.

A.aromanticplaceB.aninfertile,marshyspace

C.agreenandhillyparkD.abaseballfield

10.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattoday'slandscapearchitectspraiseOlmstedforhis

A.enthusiasmforsport

B.skillatdesigningfactories

C.concernforNewYork'shomelesspeople

D.foresightinanticipatingNewYork'surbanization

PassageThree

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whatdoesascientistdowhenheorshe“explains“something?Scientificexplanationcomes

intwoforms:generalizationandreduction.Mostpsychologistsdealwithgeneralization.They

explainparticularinstancesofbehaviorasexamplesofgenerallaws.Forinstance,most

psychologistswouldexplainapathologically（病態(tài)的;病理的）strongfearofdogsasanexample

ofclassicalconditioning.Presumably,thepersonwasfrightenedearlierinlifebyadog.An

unpleasantstimuluswaspairedwiththesightoftheanimal（perhapsthepersonwasknocked

downbyanirritateddog）andthesubsequentsightofdogsevokestheearlierresponse-fear.

Mostphysiologistsdealwithreduction.Phenomenaareexplainedintermsofsimpler

phenomena.Forexample,themovementofamuscleisexplainedintermsofchangesinthe

membrane（膜）ofmusclecells,entryofparticularchemicals,andinteractionsbetweenprotein

molecules（分子）withinthesecells.Amolecularbiologistwould“explain”theseeventsinterms

offorcesthatbindvariousmoleculestogetherandcausevariouspartsofthesemoleculestobe

attractedtooneanother.

Thetaskofphysiologicalpsychologyisto“explain“behaviorinphysiologicalterms.

Likeotherscientists,physiologicalpsychologistsbelievethatallnaturalphenomena—including

humanbehavior-aresubjecttothelawsofphysics.Thus,thelawsofbehaviorcanbereducedto

descriptionsofphysiologicalprocesses.

Howdoesonestudythephysiologyofbehavior?Physiologicalpsychologistscannotsimply

bereductionists.Itisnotenoughtoobservebehaviorsandcorrelatethemwithphysiological

eventsthatoccuratthesametime.Identicalbehaviors,underdifferentconditions,mayoccurfor

differentreasonsandthusbeinitiatedbydifferentphysiologicalmechanisms.Thismeansthatwe

mustunderstand“psychologically”whyaparticularbehavioroccursbeforewecanunderstand

whatphysiologicaleventsmadeitoccur.

11.Thepassagemainlydiscusses一

A.thedifferencebetween“scientific"and"unscientific”explanations

B.thedifferencebetweenhumanandanimalbehavior

C.howfearwouldbeexplainedbythepsychologist,physiologistandmolecular

biologist

D.howscientistsdifferintheirapproachestoexplainingnaturalphenomena

12.Theword“deal”inthefirstparagraphcouldbestbereplacedby.

A.studyB.bargain

C.areplayingD.areconcerned

13.Whichofthefollowingismostclearlyanalogoustotheexampleinthepassageoftheperson

whofearsdogs?

A.Achildchokesonafishboneandasanadolescentisreluctanttoeatfish

B.Apersonfeelslonelyandafterawhilebuysadogforcompanionship.

C.Achildstudiesscienceinschoolandlatergrowsuptobecomeateacher.

D.Apersonhearsthatasnowstormispredictedandinthateveningisafraidtodrivehome.

14.Accordingtothepassage,isimportantinexplainingamusclemovement.

A.theflowofbloodtothemuscles

B.classicalconditioning

C.proteininteraction

D.theentryofunpleasantstimulithroughthecellmembrane

15.Theauthorimpliesthatisthetypeofscientificexplanationmostlikelyusedbya

molecularbiologist.

A.experimentationB.reduction

C.interactionD.generalization

PassageFour

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

“Highlech"and"stateoftheart,,aretwoexpressionsthatdescribeverymoderntechnology.

Hightechisjustashorterwayofsayinghightechnology.Andhightechnologydescribesany

invention,systemordevicethatusesthenewestideasordiscoveriesofscienceandengineering.

Whatishightech?Acomputerishightech.Soisacommunicationssatellite.Amodenn

manufacturingsystemissurelyhightech.

HightechbecameapopularexpressionintheUnitedStatesduringtheearly1980's.

Becauseofimprovementsintechnology,peoplecouldbuymanynewkindsofproductsin

Americanstores,suchashomecomputers,microwaveovens,etc.

“Stateoftheart”issomethingthatisasmodemaspossible.Itisaproductthatisbasedon

theverylatestmethodsandtechnology.Somethingthatis“stateoftheart“isthenewestpossible

designorproductofabusinessorindustry.Astate-of-the-arttelevisionset,forexample,usesthe

mostmodernelectronicdesignandparts.Itisthebestthatonecanbuy.

“Stateoftheart“isnotanewexpression.Engineershaveuseditforyearstodescribethe

bestandmostmodernwayofdoingsomething.

MillionsofAmericansbegantousetheexpressioninthelate1970's.Thereasonwasthe

computerrevolution.

Everycomputercompanyclaimedthatitscomputerswere“stateoftheart”.

Computertechnologychangedsofastthatastate-of-the-artcomputertodaymightbeold

tomorrow.Theexpression“stateoftheart“becameascommonandpopularascomputers

themselves.Nowallkindsofproductsaresaidtobe“stateoftheart”.

16.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A.tellhow“hightech^^and“stateoftheart“havedeveloped

B.giveexamplesofhightech

C.tellwhat“hightech"and"stateoftheart”are

D.describeverymoderntechnology

17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.Americanstorescouldprovidenewkindsofproductstothepeople

B.hightechdescribesatechnologythatisnottraditional

C.”stateoftheart”isnotaspopularas“hightech”

D.awoodenploughpulledbyoxenis“stateoftheart”

18.AllthefollowingexamplesarehightechEXCEPT.

A.amicrowaveovenB.ahomecomputer

C.ahandpumpD.asatellite

19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Sincethecomputerrevolution,theexpression“stateoftheart^^hasbecomepopular.

B."Stateoftheart"meanssomethingthatisthebestonecanbuy.

C.Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnology,astate-of-the-artcomputermayeasily

becomeoutofdate.

D.Allkindsofproductsare“stateofthearf,nowadays.

20.Thebesttitleforthepassageis.

A.ComputerTechnologyB.HighTechandStateoftheArt

C.MostAdvancedTechnologyD.TwoNewExpressions

ILSKIMMINGANDSCANNING

Passage1

Whenwecallsomeoneapigoraswine,wedonotmeanitasacompliment.Butpigsdonot

deservetobeusedasasymbolforaninsult.Theyareprobablynotasdirtyastheyaremadeoutto

be.Accordingtoonepigkeeper,swineareverycleanwhenallowedtoliveinacleanenvironment.

Hefeelspigsareusuallydirtysimplybecausetheirkeepersdon'tcleantheirpens.Inanycase,no

onehasproventhatthepigthatwallowsinmudprefersthattoacoolbath.Furthermore,pigsare

smarterthanmostwallowsinmudprefersthattoacoolbath.Furthermore,pigsaresmarterthan

mostpeoplethink.Manyfarmers,forexample,haveobservedthatpigsfrequentlyundo

complicatedboltsongatesinsearchofadventureorrom