選擇性必修三UNIT5POEMSUSINGLANGUAGE2（37張）

UNIT5POEMS1.Readapoemandwriteashortessayaboutit.2.Writeyourownpoem.Whatisapoem?Apoemisacompositionwithrhythmicbalanceexpressingideasorexperiencesorfeelings.Apoemisaliteraryworkthatisnotinversebutdealswithemotionalordescriptivethemesinarhythmicform.

Apoemisapieceofwritinginwhichthewordsarearrangedinseparatelines,oftenendinginrhyme,andarechosenfortheirsoundandfortheimagesandideastheysuggest.

AGrainofSand

WilliamBlakeToseeaworldinagrainofsand,Andaheaveninawildflower,Holdinfinityinthepalmofyourhand,Andeternityinanhour.Haveyoureadthepoem?Doyourememberanypoemsyouhaveread,eitherinChineseorinEnglish?Howlongwillthebrightmoonappear?Wine-cupinhand,Iaskthesky.Idonotknowwhattimeofyear,Itwouldbetonightinthepalaceonhigh.水調(diào)歌頭蘇軾

明月幾時(shí)有？把酒問(wèn)青天。不知天上宮闕，今夕是何年。Beforeyouread,discusshowtounderstandapoemwithyourpartner.Makealistofquestionsthatthereadersshouldconsiderwhilereadingpoems.Thefollowingpointsmayhelpyou.SubjectImagesToneRhythmandsoundsFeelingsandemotionsRhetoricaldevicesReadthepoemsbelowandthencompletethetable.WINDONTHEHILLNoonecantellme,Nobodyknows,Wherethewindcomesfrom,Wherethewindgoes.It'sflyingfromsomewhereAsfastasitcan,Icouldn'tkeepupwithit,NotifIran.ButifIstoppedholdingThestringofmykite,n.

細(xì)繩；線；一串ItwouldblowwiththewindForadayandanight.AndthenwhenIfoundit,Whereveritblew,IshouldknowthatthewindHadbeengoingtheretoo.SothenIcouldtellthemWherethewindgoes...ButwherethewindcomesfromNobodyknows.A.A.MilneDREAMHoldfasttodreams,ForifdreamsdieLifeisabroken-wingedbirdThatcannotfly.Holdfasttodreams,ForwhendreamsgoLifeisabarren

fieldFrozenwithsnow.LangstonHughesadj.

貧瘠的；不結(jié)果實(shí)的AMATCHIflovewerewhattheroseis,AndIweretheleaf,OurliveswouldgrowtogetherInsadorsingingweather,Brownfieldsorflowerfulcloses,Greenpleasureorgreygrief;Iflovewerewhattheroseis,AndIwereliketheleaf.A.C.Swinburnen.

悲傷；悲痛；傷心事WindontheHillDreamAMatchSubjectImageswindWherethewindcomesfromandgoesdreamHoldfasttodreamsloveIflovewerewhattheroseisWindontheHillDreamAMatchRhymingwordsRhetoricaldevicesknows,goes,can,ranpersonificationdie,fly,go,snowmetaphorleaf,griefmetaphorChooseoneofthepoemsandwriteashortessayaboutit.Thefollowingexamplemayhelpyou.ThepoemDreambyLangstonHughesisveryshortwithonly8lines.WhenIreadthepoemaloudIcanhearthattheendsofthesecondandfourthsentencesrhyme—

“die”

and“fly”.Thelastwordfromthesixthandeighthsentencesalsorhyme—

“go”

and“snow”.Theserhymingwordssoundniceandmakethepoempleasingtoread.WhenIclosemyeyes,

Icanseedifferentimagesfromthepoem.Forexample,Icanseetwohandsbeingheld【1】.Icanseeabirdflyinginthesky【2】.IcanseeafieldandIcanimaginewhatitlookslikewithlotsofsnow.IstarttofeelcoldwhenIreadtheselines!【1】畫(huà)線部分為＂感官動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)＂結(jié)構(gòu)，beingheld為過(guò)去分詞的進(jìn)行式作賓補(bǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作?！?】畫(huà)線部分為＂感官動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)＂結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在此作賓補(bǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作。Ilearntanewphrase,

“holdfast”,whichmeanstoholdontosomething.“Barren”

isalsoanewwordtome,whichmeansempty.Ithinkthepoetisgivingusadvice.Hewantsustokeepdreaming,becauselifeismuchbetterwhenwedreamandhavesomethingtolookforwardto.How

to

writeashortessayaboutapoem?如何寫(xiě)詩(shī)歌賞析類(lèi)文章寫(xiě)法一：通過(guò)對(duì)全詩(shī)的整體分析，表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)寫(xiě)法二：就詩(shī)歌最突出的方面進(jìn)行分析，表達(dá)自己的見(jiàn)解。寫(xiě)法一一篇較完整的詩(shī)歌賞析類(lèi)文章包含如下內(nèi)容：1.作者簡(jiǎn)介2.作品寫(xiě)作背景簡(jiǎn)介3.作品意向分析（詩(shī)句的解釋或翻譯，詩(shī)句所表達(dá)的情感、思想和意境）4.作品的藝術(shù)手法分析（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）5.作品藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)（常帶有總結(jié)的意味）寫(xiě)法二采用這種寫(xiě)法時(shí)，作者只需要抓住其中一個(gè)方面，如意境、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)、某一手法等。對(duì)于其他方面則可不提及，因而采用這種寫(xiě)法的文章篇幅一般較短小。體裁人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)要點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)圖開(kāi)頭點(diǎn)題提煉出詩(shī)歌中所包含的信息。議論文第三人稱(chēng)為主1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)主體段落多種方式表達(dá)，層次分明，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，過(guò)渡自然。結(jié)尾針對(duì)詩(shī)歌中所提供的信息，發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。寫(xiě)作布局4.作品的藝術(shù)手法分析（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）5.作品藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)（常帶有總結(jié)的意味）Hereisapoemtitled...by...ItispopularwithChinesereaders.Thispoemisaboutnatureandlife.Itiswrittenwithspecialwritingskills.Itrhymesattheendofeachline.Thelanguageofthepoemisdescriptiveandvivid.4.作品的藝術(shù)手法分析（通常結(jié)合在作品意向分析之中）Wheneverwereadthispoem,somecharactersappearclearly.Onlybyreadingitrepeatedlycanwegraspthespiritofthispoem.ConsideredasoneofthegreatestpoetsoftheTangDynasty,…willundoubtedlyliveinpeople’sheartforever.Inmyopinion,theyounggenerationtodayshouldunderstandandlearntformthepoem.Writeyourownpoembyfollowingthesesteps.Startwiththethemefirst.Askyourself,“WhatmessagedoIwanttogivetothereader?Whatisimportanttome?”Next,thinkaboutthewordsandphrasesyouwouldliketouse.Makealistofwordsrelatedtoyourtheme.Thencheckhowwellyourdetailspaintapictureinyourneed.Nowwritethepoem.Readitaloudandlistentohowitsounds.Finally,giveitatitle.Nowyourpoemisready!

詩(shī)歌是高度概括、反映社會(huì)生活的文學(xué)體裁，也是最富有激情和感情色彩的體裁。詩(shī)歌往往用高度凝練的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)詩(shī)人的喜怒哀樂(lè)，詩(shī)人把自己對(duì)生活和客觀世界的理解和感悟融入詩(shī)中。詩(shī)歌可以以其特有的節(jié)奏與方式影響人們的精神世界，飽含著作者豐富的思想感情。如何寫(xiě)英文詩(shī)歌1.

目的明確。人們寫(xiě)詩(shī)歌出于各種各樣的目的，有的是為了講述一個(gè)故事，有的是為了表達(dá)感情，有的是為了描述事物等等。2.

內(nèi)容充實(shí)。詩(shī)歌要言之有物，傳達(dá)出作者對(duì)外在世界的獨(dú)特感受，所表現(xiàn)的題材要有深刻豐富的內(nèi)心體驗(yàn)。3.

形式適當(dāng)。在寫(xiě)詩(shī)歌時(shí)要注意選擇一種既能實(shí)現(xiàn)寫(xiě)作目的又能駕馭的形式。五行詩(shī)。第一行：一個(gè)名詞（主題）；第二行：兩個(gè)形容詞（描寫(xiě)主題）；第三行：三個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式（與主題相關(guān)的動(dòng)作）；第四行：四個(gè)詞（作者感受）；第五行：一個(gè)詞（回歸主題）。KittyNaughty,sleepyChasing,tearing,lickingDayin,nightoutMeow清單詩(shī)?？砷L(zhǎng)可短，可以重復(fù)一些短語(yǔ)，形成固定句型和詩(shī)的節(jié)奏?？梢杂许嵞_，也可以沒(méi)有。WhatmovesmeItmovesme...Whenmyfamilyaroundthetablehaveholidayfeasts.Whenmyfathermendsmybicyclewithoil-coveredhands.Whenmymotherwaitsalongtimeformeattheschoolgate.WhenmygrandpaholdsGrandma’shandswhilecrossingthestreet.Whenmysistersingsasweetlullaby(搖籃曲)toherbaby.Whenmypetcatlicksherkittenssoftly.4.

語(yǔ)言得當(dāng)。詩(shī)歌的語(yǔ)言不同于我們的日常用語(yǔ)，也不同于一般的小說(shuō)和散文的語(yǔ)言。詩(shī)人只有對(duì)實(shí)用語(yǔ)言加以“破壞、改造”，如英國(guó)著名詩(shī)人艾略特所說(shuō)的那樣“扭斷語(yǔ)法的脖子”，才能使之成為詩(shī)歌的語(yǔ)言。5.

有節(jié)奏感。在語(yǔ)言的外觀上，詩(shī)歌通常是以分行排列的方式呈現(xiàn)，且要有和諧的音韻，鮮明的節(jié)奏。詩(shī)歌的押韻是指通過(guò)重復(fù)元音或輔音以達(dá)到一定的音韻效果，一首詩(shī)歌的押韻具有一定的規(guī)律，尤其是在詩(shī)句的末尾，即尾韻。Spring,thesweetSpring,istheyear’spleasantking;Thenbloom