Unit4LivingwithTechnologyReading語言點(diǎn)課件高二英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

U4LivingwithtechnologyReadingIIartificialintelligencevirtualrealityImaginewakinguponemorningwiththeoptionof________(stay)inbedandpressingabuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Howcoolthatwouldbe!Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,butgiventherate____whichartificialintelligence,orAl,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.想象一下，某天早上你醒來，可以選擇繼續(xù)躺在床上，按下一個(gè)按鈕，就能召來一臺機(jī)器人為你處理所有的工作。那該有多酷啊!這聽起來可能像是在建空中樓閣，但鑒于人工智能(AI)目前的發(fā)展速度，這樣的夢想在將來也許真的可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。Para1有選擇做某事+doing/todo空中閣樓，幻想atstayingperp鑒于，考慮到adj特定的（）非限定從主句

別無選擇只能做某事havenochoice/optionbuttodosth(1)prep. givensth/that...(2)adj. _______________________,they'vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們經(jīng)驗(yàn),他們已經(jīng)做得不錯(cuò)了。__________________________________________,teachingwasapropercareerforher.考慮到她真的對孩子感興趣，教師這一職業(yè)對她來說很合適。GiventheirexperienceGiventhatshewasreallyinterestedinchildren鑒于，考慮到(相當(dāng)于considering

或inviewof)在句中作狀語=consideringthat…指定的,所述的,特定的(作前置定語)Atthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputersciencethataims________(creat)intelligentmachines.OneoftheessentialaimsofAlis___________(develop)computerintelligence

capableof______

(learn)fromexperience,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.從基礎(chǔ)層面上講，人工智能是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的一個(gè)分支學(xué)科，其目標(biāo)是研發(fā)智能機(jī)器。AI的基本目標(biāo)之一，是開發(fā)能夠?qū)W習(xí)過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)、適應(yīng)新的輸入內(nèi)容并且能夠像人類一樣執(zhí)行任務(wù)的計(jì)算機(jī)智能。of后三個(gè)并列v.-ing做賓語Para2n分支，分行，分流目的是做.....adj基本的，必要的tocreatetodeveloplearningadj短語作后置定語(1) acapacitytodosth.(2) n. 領(lǐng)悟(或理解、辦事)能力(3) n. 能力,才能Hewaselectedasmanagerforhisexcellent__________(capable)ofleadership.Annewasintelligentand_________________________withease.安妮很聰明，能夠車易地通過考試。capabilitycapableofpassingexamscapacity指行為能力competence指勝任某項(xiàng)工作或任務(wù)的能力ability指一般的才干有能力做某事capacitycapabilitybecapableof(doing)sth.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachesto_________(creat)trueAlhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning",_____enablesamachine___________(improve)itsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsofitspreviousactions.Deep-learningAlhasthecapacityto

analyse

massiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,_________(imitate)thecomplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，人們提出過許多創(chuàng)造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度學(xué)習(xí)”--這種方法可以讓機(jī)器通過學(xué)習(xí)自己先前的行為結(jié)果，來提升自身性能。深度學(xué)習(xí)AI擁有從多個(gè)層次分析海量信息的能力，它模擬的是人腦的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。analysevt．→__________n．（單數(shù)）分析;分解imitatevt.→__________n．模仿，仿制品

analysisPara2creating做某事的方法+doing提出toimprove能夠做某事....大量的多個(gè)層次（）現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語whichimitatingimitatev模仿imitationThedreamofAl______________(around)forcenturies,andthedevelopmentofcomputerssincethe1940shasfinallymade___areality.Yearsbeforetheterm"artificialintelligence“wascoinedinthemid-1950s,thetheory________________(explore)byAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.However,foralongtime,Altechnologydevelopedveryslowly.AI的夢想已經(jīng)存在了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，而20世紀(jì)40年代以來計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展，終于讓這個(gè)夢想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。“人工智能”這個(gè)術(shù)語是在20世紀(jì)50年代中期被創(chuàng)造出來的，而在好幾年前，這一理論就被計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)之一艾倫·圖靈探索過。然而在很長一段時(shí)間里，AI技術(shù)發(fā)展得相當(dāng)緩慢。Para3adj存在著n.術(shù)語，方面，時(shí)期v.創(chuàng)造(新詞語)（）同位語hadbeenexploredithasbeenaroundn.先驅(qū)，先鋒，拓荒者explorev→___________n.勘探，探索，探究_________n.探險(xiǎn)者，探測器explorationexplorerAmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,______DeepBlue,achessplayingcomputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov.Thenin2017,acomputerprogram_______(name)AlphaGodefeatedKeJie,________(argue)thebesthumanGoplayer,______demonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAlsystems.1997年，AI發(fā)展有了一個(gè)重大突破，當(dāng)時(shí)一臺名叫深藍(lán)的國際象棋計(jì)算機(jī)打敗了國際象棋世界冠軍加里·卡斯帕羅夫。之后在2017年，一個(gè)叫阿爾法圍棋的計(jì)算機(jī)程序下贏了可謂人類最強(qiáng)的圍棋棋手柯潔，這說明了深度學(xué)習(xí)AI系統(tǒng)的一大顯著進(jìn)展。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)主句Para3在...方面的重大突破/進(jìn)展namedarguablywhich（）定語從句whenDeepBlue的同位語（）（）可論證地，按理，常用于adj比較級或最高級前過去分詞作后置定語KeJie的同位語v論證，證明，展示，顯示Nowadays,Al__already_____________(apply)inmanyfields:finance,healthcare,machinetranslationandart,tonamebutafew.Fromautonomousvehiclestodomesticrobots,fromrecommendationsystemstocomputers_________(write)novels,Alhasan__________(limit)numberofapplications.OrdinarypeoplearenowusingAItogetinstanttranslationsoftextinforeignlanguages,andmachinescan__________(識別)fingerprintsandevenfaces.如今，AI已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，如金融、醫(yī)療保健、機(jī)器翻譯和藝術(shù)等，不一而足。從自動(dòng)駕駛車輛到家用機(jī)器人，從推薦系統(tǒng)到撰寫小說的電腦，AI有著不計(jì)其數(shù)的應(yīng)用。普通人現(xiàn)在能夠使用AI獲取外語文本的即時(shí)翻譯，機(jī)器也已經(jīng)能夠識別人們的指紋甚至面容。Para4n.財(cái)政，金融v提供資金略舉幾例自動(dòng)駕駛汽車家用機(jī)器人adj無限制的adj即時(shí)的n.指紋writingunlimitedrecognizebeingappliedisfinancen財(cái)政，金融v提供資金

→__________adj財(cái)政的recognizevt.識別，認(rèn)出，認(rèn)可→_____________n識別，認(rèn)可

financialrecognitionInshort,thistechnologyistransformingthewaywelive.___isclearthatweareataturningpointinhistory.WithmachineslikeAlphaGonow____________(capability)ofthinkingand_________(learn)fromtheirmistakes,wearegettingclosertothedividinglinebetweenhumansandmachines.Thequestionis,wherewillallthislead?簡而言之，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正在改變我們的生活方式。顯然，我們正處于歷史的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。有了阿爾法圍棋這種能夠思考并從自身錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)器，我們正在向人類與機(jī)器的界限越靠越近。問題在于，這一切將會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么?Para5簡言之lt（）theway作先行詞，定語從句關(guān)系詞用

that/inwhich/省略capablelearningwith+賓+adj（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)WhileAlenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuture______intelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantage,these__________(doubt)benefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.Couldmachinesreallydevelophuman-likeintelligence?Andwhatwouldhappeniftheydid?Wouldthinkingmachinesworkalongsidehumansorthreatenthe_________(exist)ofhumans?Howwouldtheybepunishediftheycommittedcrimesorevenmurderedhumans?AI的熱烈支持者向我們承諾未來會(huì)是美好的，到那時(shí)智能機(jī)器人將為人類謀利;但這些毋庸置疑的好處也帶來了憂慮和恐懼。機(jī)器真的能夠發(fā)展出像人類一樣的智能嗎?如果真的可以，又會(huì)發(fā)生什么?能夠思考的機(jī)器是會(huì)與人類并肩工作，還是會(huì)威脅人類的生存?如果它們犯了罪甚至謀殺了人類，又該如何懲罰?Para5讓步狀語從句whereexistence（）定從，修飾abrightfuture（抽象地點(diǎn)）undoubted對某人有利v威脅n存在犯罪v謀殺Aswebecomemoreandmoredependent___computers,somescientistsareurgingustothinkaboutthedangers______(pose)bytheadvancesinAI.StephenHawking,forexample,warned,“Thedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace."隨著我們對電腦的依賴越來越深，些科學(xué)家正敦促我們思考AI的進(jìn)步所帶來的危險(xiǎn)。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金就曾警告說:“完全人工智能的發(fā)展可能意味著人類的終結(jié)。” Para5時(shí)間狀從，”隨著，當(dāng)...時(shí)”onposed大力推薦/敦促某人做某事（）過去分詞短語作后置定語v產(chǎn)生，造成v拼寫，招致，意味著（通常指壞事）commitvt.承諾；保證（某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等）vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活動(dòng)等）→___________adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信→______________n.承諾；交托；信奉committed在學(xué)習(xí)上取得進(jìn)步的秘密是要把自己投入進(jìn)去。（secret）__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thesecrettomakingprogressinstudiesistocommit/devote/applyoneselftoit.committedoneselftodoing致力于做......makeacommitment承諾commitment(1) 敦促某人做某事

極力主張……做某事(2)urge n. 強(qiáng)烈的愿望；迫切的需要

做某事的強(qiáng)烈欲望(3)

adj. 迫切的；緊急的(4) adv. 迫切地；急切地Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatare__________(urgent)neededforapatient.Ineverfeltanurge__________(learn)anysignlanguagebefore.urgentlytolearnurgesb.todosth.urgethat...(should)dosth.an/theurgetodosth. urgenturgently

pose

v.造成poseathreat/challenge/dangerto

對...造成威脅/挑戰(zhàn)/危險(xiǎn)/問題poseaquestion提問,質(zhì)詢poseforsb./sth.(為畫像、攝影)擺好姿勢___________(apparent),suchwarningsdemandourattention.WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAl.Wemaystillthinkitwouldbefantastictorelaxalldayandallowautonomousmachines_______(do)alltheworkforus—butperhapsweshouldnotbetoogreedyandratherbecarefulwhatwewishfor!顯然，這樣的警告需要得到我們的重視。我們需要確保自己不會(huì)淪為AI的受害者。我們可能還是會(huì)認(rèn)為，可以整天放松，讓自動(dòng)化機(jī)器為我們完成所有工作這樣的生活很美妙-但也許我門不該太過貪婪，而應(yīng)對我們的期待保持謹(jǐn)慎!Para6adv顯然n警告v需要受傷，被害adj貪婪的，貪心的Apparentlytodo(1) 要求做某事

要求……做某事(2)滿足某人的需要

非常需要的；受歡迎的(3)demanding adj. Shedemanded____________(tell

)everything

about

the

accident

because

shewas

concerned

about

it.Thepublicdemandedthatthegovernment________________________(增加預(yù)算)tobansmokinginpublic.There'san_______________________organicproductsthesedays.近來對有機(jī)產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的需求正在增加。tobetold(should)increasebudgetincreasingdemandfordemandtodosth.demandthat...(should)dosth.meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s) indemand要求高的；費(fèi)力的；難滿足的Thepassagebelowisaboutfacialrecognitiontechnology.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.apparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewBuildingyourlanguageTechnologyischangingthefaceoftheworld,andnowfacesarechangingtechnologytoo.Facialrecognitiontechnology,withitscapacityto_______ahugeamountofdata,hascomeintowidespreaduse.analyseItworksbycomparingthefacialfeaturesofgivenimageswiththoseinadatabase.Itoffersaquickandcoolalternativetotraditionalpasswords,andyoucannotforgetyourownface!Intheory,____________whichuseourownbodyaspasswordsshouldalsobesaferfromhackersandbetterprotectusfromidentitytheftthanthosethatusetraditionalpasswords,mainlybecauseeveryindividualisunique.networksapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewThistechnologyisespeciallyusefulforsecuritychecksinpublicplaces:airportsandrailwaystations,_________________.However,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasalsostartedto_________somedifficultquestions.Expertshavebeengiving___________aboutthistechnology,sayingitmaynotbeasgoodaswethink.tonamebutafewapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewwarningsposeFacialexpressionsoftenvary,whichmakesfacialrecognitionlesseffective.Moreover,thereisgrowingconcernthatwemight____________thistechnology,astherearecasesinwhichhackershavebrokenintofacialrecognitionsystemsbyusingpeople’ssocialmediaphotostobuildmodelsoftheirfaces.fallvictimtoapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewScientistsandengineers_________________________toimproveexistingtechnologyandmakeitfail-safe._____________,thiswillbeatoughtask.Whateverhappens,weneedtomakesurethatfacialrecognitiontechnologycanbetrusted?orwewillhavetofacetheconsequences.areurged/havebeenurgedApparentlyapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafew(1)beyondrecognition (2) v. 認(rèn)出，識別；承認(rèn)；接受，認(rèn)可；贊賞

承認(rèn)……是……IwentbacktoBirminghamafter20yearsandithadchanged__________recognition.Werecognizehim_________(be)ahard-workingandhonestperson.Thereis______________________________theurgentneedforgarbageclassification.人們普遍認(rèn)識到迫切需要進(jìn)行垃圾分類。beyondageneralrecognitionoftobe認(rèn)不出來，識別不出recognizerecognize...as/tobe...

除了做某事別無選擇analternative____sb./sth. 替代……的人或物Soseriousisthisproblemthatwehavenoalternativebut________(take)someeffectivemeasurestotacklethisproblem.該問題是如此嚴(yán)重，因此我們別無選擇只好采取一些切實(shí)有效的措施來處理這個(gè)問題。totaketohavenoalternativebuttodosth.breakout breakin breakdown breakup breakoff breakthrough Thecar____________andwehadtowalktothedestination.Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningto_____________inthefightagainstcancer.Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangers____________yourhouse.Fires___________everywhereatmidnight,andtheentirecitywentupinflames.brokedownbreakthroughbreakingintobrokeout爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生打斷；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；破門而入分解；出故障終止；分手；打碎；破裂折斷；中斷；突然停止突破；沖破Thepopularsciencearticleuses“coin”and“spell”differentlyfromhowtheyarecommonlyused.TranslatethesentencesbelowintoChinese,payattentiontotheunderlinedwordsandthinkofmoresimilarwords.UnderstandingwordsincontextAwordmayhavemanymeanings.Whatitmeansheavilydependsonthecontext.Lookingforcontextualcluesinsentenceswillhelpyoubetterunderstandwhatawordmeansandhowitisused.coinWhenwetalkabout“coin”,youmayhavetheseinmind.1aShetookahandfulofcoinsoutofherbag.她從包里掏出一把硬幣。usedtotalkabouttwowaysoflookingatthesamesituationbOpportunityandriskarejusttwosidesofthesamecoin.機(jī)遇和危及不過是同一枚硬幣的正反面。cTheterm“SilkRoad”wascoinedbyaGermantravellerandgeographer.“絲綢之路”一詞是由一名德國旅行家、地理學(xué)家創(chuàng)造出來的。asmallflatpieceofmetalusedasmoneytoinventanewwordorphrasethatotherpeoplethenbegintouse2aWouldyoupleasespellyourfamilyname?請問您可以拼一下您的姓氏嗎？bSomepeopleareworriedthatartificialintelligencewouldspell

disasterformankind.有些人擔(dān)心人工智能將給人類招致空難。toformwordscorrectlyfromindividualletterstohavesth,usuallysthbad,asaresult;tomeansth,usuallysthbadFillintheblankswiththeinformationyougetfromthetext.HowdoesAIwork?Atthebasiclevel,AIisabranchof_______________thataimstocreateintelligentmachines.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIistodevelopcomputerintelligencecapableoflearningfrom___________,adjustingto___________andperformingtaskslike________.DeeplearningAIhasthecapacityto_________massiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,_________thecomplexnetworksofthe_______________.computerscienceexperiencenewinputshumansanalyseimitatinghumanbrainThedevelopmentofAIThedreamsofAIhasbeen_________forcenturies.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”was________inthemid-1950s.However,foralongtime,AItechnologydevelopedvery________.Amajor_____________inAIcamein1997,when___________beattheworldchesschampion.Thenin2017,acomputerprogramnamed__________defeatedKeJie,whichdemonstratedasignificantadvancein_____________AIsystems.aroundcoinedslowlybreakthroughDeepBlueAlphaGodeep-learningApplicationofAINowadays,AIisalreadybeingappliedinmanyfields:________,__________,machinetranslationandart,_________________.Fromautonomousvehiclesto_________robots,from_______________systemstocomputers______________,AIhasan_________numberofapplications.OrdinarypeopleareusingAItoget_________translationsoftextin_____________,andcomputerscanrecognize___________andeven_________.financehealthcaretonamebutafewdomesticwritingnovelsunlimitedinstantforeignlanguagesfingerprintsfacesrecommendationProblemsAImaybringAItechnologyistransformingthewaywelive.Wearegettingclosetothe__