英語高考總復(fù)習(xí) 語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 考點(diǎn)歸納拓展 Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cin 外研版必修5

【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】（四川專用教師用書）屆英語高考總復(fù)習(xí)語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考點(diǎn)歸納拓展Module3AdventureinLiteratureandtheCin外研版必修5[核心單詞]accountn．?dāng)⑹?；描寫；?bào)道；賬單；賬戶v.說明；解釋[經(jīng)典例句]“Crazy”，wrotethePeople'sDaily,theofficialnewspaperoftherulingCommunistParty,onitsWeibomicroblogaccount.中共中央機(jī)關(guān)報(bào)《人民日報(bào)》在其新浪微博報(bào)道上寫道，“雙十一，你瘋狂了嗎？”(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(giveanaccountof...報(bào)告，敘述，說明,oaccount＝takeaccountof...,把……考慮在內(nèi)，斟酌))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(onaccountof因?yàn)椋捎?onnoaccount決不))(3)accountfor解釋，說明；(數(shù)量上，比例上)占①Theyhadtotakeeverypossibilityintoaccountwhendrawinguptheplan.他們在起草計(jì)劃時(shí)，不得不把各種可能性都考慮到。②Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.由于天氣不好，我們將啟程的時(shí)間推遲了。③Onnoaccount________________.你決不能把我們的計(jì)劃告訴他。答案③mustyoutellhimaboutourplans名師點(diǎn)睛(1)onnoaccount意為“決不”，放在句首時(shí)常引起句子的部分倒裝。OnnoaccountcanIallowyoutospeaktoyourmotherthatway.我決不允許你那樣同你的媽媽說話。(2)oaccount相當(dāng)于considering...【熟詞生義】根據(jù)語境選擇最佳漢語InEnglishlawamanisaccountedinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty.A．?dāng)⑹鯞．視為答案Bliev．說謊，撒謊；躺；位于n.謊言[經(jīng)典例句]Askedwhytheylied，themostcommonreasonwasto“impress”someonetheywerespeakingto.(·新課標(biāo)卷Ⅰ·閱讀理解C)當(dāng)被問到為什么撒謊時(shí)，人們最常見的理由就是給他們與之談話的人留下深刻的印象。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(telllies/alie撒謊,white/blacklies善意/惡意的謊言))(2)liein在于；位于(某范圍之內(nèi))lieon依靠；全憑；位于(與之接壤)lieto位于(某范圍之外)；對……撒謊(3)liedown躺下lieonone'sback/side/stomach仰臥/側(cè)臥/俯臥①JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本在中國的東面。②SometimeswhenIfeellost,I________andshutmyeyes,andIgohome.(·四川·閱讀理解D)有時(shí)我感到迷路了，我就躺下，閉上雙眼，然后回家。答案②liedown【易混辨析】中文原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞說明說謊lieliedliedlying不及物動(dòng)詞躺；位于lielaylainlying不及物動(dòng)詞放，擱；下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaidlaying及物動(dòng)詞語境填詞③Thelittleboy________ontheground________thathiscock________anegg.(lie)躺在地上的小男孩撒謊說他的公雞下了一個(gè)蛋。答案③lying；lied；laid【巧學(xué)助記】規(guī)則的說謊，不規(guī)則的躺，躺過就下蛋，下蛋不規(guī)則。(即：說謊lieliedlied，躺lielaylain，下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaid。)【熟詞生義】根據(jù)語境選擇最佳漢語Thatclockmustbelying;itisn'tnoonyet.A．撒謊B．給人假象答案Bdisturbvt.打擾；妨礙；使……不安[經(jīng)典例句]I'msorrytodisturbyou,butcanItalktoyouforamoment?對不起，打擾一下，我能跟你談一會(huì)兒嗎？①Thenewsthatyouhadbeeninjuredintheaccidentdisturbedher.你在事故中受傷的消息使她感到不安。disturbedadj.不安的；精神紊亂的disturbingadj.令人不安的②Thenewsaboutthechildrenisreallydisturbing,whichmakesthewaitingparentsfeelmoredisturbed.關(guān)于孩子們的消息確實(shí)令人不安，這使得等候的父母們感到更加不安了?！疽谆毂嫖觥縟isturb指人的心情、睡眠、安靜被干擾，妨礙，還可表示“使……不安”，弄亂interrupt多指由于某種外界因素如“插嘴”，而中斷、打斷別人的講話或行動(dòng)語境填詞③She________theirtalking,tellingthemnotto________thebaby'ssleeping.答案③interrupted；disturbdeterminedadj.堅(jiān)決的，堅(jiān)定的；果斷的；確定的[經(jīng)典例句]FanBingbingoncestudiedactingatShanghaiXieJinFilmandTelevisionArtCollege.Iwasde-terminedtoenroltherebutmymotherwasopposedtotheidea.范冰冰曾在上海師范大學(xué)謝晉影視藝術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)表演。我曾一心想進(jìn)入這所學(xué)校，但遭到我母親的反對。(1)determineon/upon(doing)sth決定(做)某事determinetodosth決定做某事determinesbtodosth使某人下決心做某事determine＋that-/wh-clause...決定……(2)determinedadj.有決心的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事①Sheisadeterminedyoungwoman.＝Sheisayoungwomanofgreatdetermination.她是一位意志堅(jiān)定的年輕女子。②Herencouragementdeterminedmetocarryonwiththework.她的鼓勵(lì)使我決心把這項(xiàng)工作繼續(xù)下去。③Awandererwho________________doesnotfeartherain.[諺]決心趕到目的地，浪漢何懼雨來淋。答案③isdeterminedtoreachhisdestination【易混辨析】determinetodo/bedeterminedtododeterminetodo強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能與表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用bedeterminedtodo表示已經(jīng)下了決心，說明一種延續(xù)狀態(tài)，可與表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用語境巧記Shedeterminedtobuyanewbikethatveryafternoon,becauseshehadbeendeterminedtodoitforalongtime.她決定就在那天下午買輛新自行車，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)決定買很長時(shí)間了?！局R(shí)鏈接】“決定做某事”的表達(dá)方法：determinetodosth＝decidetodosth＝makeupone'smindtodosth決定做某事。[集訓(xùn)中心]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．ImustW________youofyourwrongdecisionagain.2．D________nevertoreturn，heleftthecity.3．ChildrenareC________aboutfamouscartooncharacters.4．Wehadtoa________toourbossforeverypennywespent.5．Sorryto________(打擾)you，butIhaveanurgentmessagefromyourhusband.6．HewasoneofmyChinese________(同伴)duringmystayinAmerica.7．She________(相似)hermotherincharacterbutnotinappearance.8．TheybelievethatGod________(創(chuàng)造)theworld.答案1.warn2.Dpanions7.resembles8.createdⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(·江蘇卷)IamalwaysdelightedwhenIreceiveane-mailfromyou.________thepartyonJuly1st，Ishallbepleasedtoattend.A．OnaccountofB．InresponsetoC．InviewofD．Withregardto答案D[考查介詞短語。句意：每當(dāng)我收到你的郵件時(shí)我總是非常開心。關(guān)于7月1日舉行的聚會(huì)，我很樂意參加。A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)?，由于”；B項(xiàng)“作為對……的回應(yīng)”；C項(xiàng)“鑒于，由于”；D項(xiàng)“關(guān)于，至于”，等于inregardto。]2．TheEnglishteacheroftendoessometranslationworktoearnextramoney,which________nearlyhalfofhisincome.A．consistsinB．countsonC．a(chǎn)ccountsforD．makesfor答案C[考查短語辨析。句意：那位英語老師經(jīng)常做一些翻譯去掙些外快，外快幾乎占其收入的一半。consistin“在于；存在于”；counton“依靠；依賴”；accountfor“(數(shù)量上/比例上)占；解釋；說明”；makefor“走向；有助于；促進(jìn)”。]3．Sheopenedthedoorquietlysoasnotto________thesleepingchild.A．interruptB．botherC．disturbD．a(chǎn)nnoy答案C[句意：她輕輕地開門，以免驚擾了睡著的孩子。此句要用disturb表示“擾亂”。interrupt打斷；bother和annoy都指“使某人煩惱”。]Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Determinetogetaseatfortheconcert，hedidn'tmindstandinginaqueueallnight.________.2．Takemyfeelinginaccountwhenyoumakeadecision.________.答案1.Determine→Determined2.in→into[核心短語]makeup虛構(gòu)；捏造；編造(故事、理由等)；組成；構(gòu)成；化妝；彌補(bǔ)；和解[經(jīng)典例句]Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.(·天津·單項(xiàng)填空)在一些語言中，100個(gè)詞構(gòu)成了日常對話使用的所有詞匯的一半。寫出下列句中makeup的含義①Itiscommonthatgirlsmakeupinpublic.________②Doremembertomakeupyourbedbeforeyouleave.________③Heandhiswifeusuallymakeupaftertheirquarrelthesameday.________④They'lldoalltheycantomakeuptheeconomiclosses.________⑤Farmworkersmakeuponlyasmallsectionofthepopulation.________⑥Theboymadeupastory;itisnottrue.________答案①化妝②整理③和好④彌補(bǔ)⑤占⑥編造語境巧記Sixtystudentsmakeupourclass，onegirlofwhomoncemadeupinthedormandwaslateforclass.Whenasked，shemadeupanexcusetotheteacher.我們班由60名學(xué)生組成，其中一個(gè)女生有一次在宿舍化妝并且上課遲到了。當(dāng)老師問她的時(shí)候，她編造了一個(gè)理由。makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；補(bǔ)償makeupone'smind下決心bemadeupof由……組成makefunof取笑；嘲弄⑦Noonelovesbeingmadefun________.沒人喜歡被人嘲弄。⑧Aftergraduation,theymadeuptheirmindstogoandsettleinthecountryside.畢業(yè)后，他們決心到農(nóng)村安家落戶。⑨Society____________peopleofdifferentabilities.社會(huì)是由能力迥異的人組成的。答案⑦of⑨ismadeupofsetoff動(dòng)身；出發(fā)；激發(fā)；引起；襯托[經(jīng)典例句]Dobecarefulwiththesefireworks;theslightestsparkcouldsetthemoff.要格外小心這些煙火，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。寫出下列句中setoff的含義①ThefirstatombombwassetoffoverHiroshima.________②Thatjumpersetsofftheblueofhereyes.________③Ifyouwanttocatchthattrainwe'dbettersetoffforthestationimmediately.________④Thephotosetoffmymemoryofthechildhood.________答案①爆炸②襯托③出發(fā)④引起setout出發(fā)；(todo)著手做某事setaboutdoingsth開始做某事setaside存儲(chǔ)；留出setin以……為背景⑤Iwouldn'tevenknowhowto____________myjob.我甚至都不知道如何開始我的工作。⑥TheTVplayissetinasmallmountainvillage.這部電視劇是以一個(gè)小山村為背景。答案⑤setabout[集訓(xùn)中心]Ⅰ.完成句子1．Tomgotveryangrywhentheotherboys______________________________.當(dāng)其他的男孩捉弄湯姆時(shí)，他很生氣。2．You'vegottostop____________，andlearntofaceyourproblems.你不能再逃避了，要學(xué)會(huì)面對問題。3．Themedicalteam____________.醫(yī)療隊(duì)由十二名醫(yī)生組成。4．Thefilm____________theUSAinthe19thcentury.這部電影是以19世紀(jì)的美國為背景。5．Hisstatement____________ourdecision.他的陳述與我們的決定有關(guān)。6．He____________bysellingwastematerials.他靠賣廢材料發(fā)了大財(cái)。答案1.playedatrickonhim2.runningaway3.wasmadeupoftwelvedoctors4.issetin5.hadconnectionwith6.madehisfortuneⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(·安徽卷)Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey________ontheirlifejourney.A．giveupB．settledownC．getthroughD．setoff答案D[考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為，大學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。setoff動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；giveup放棄；settledown定居，平靜下來，專心于；getthrough完成，接通(電話等)。]2．(·內(nèi)江一診)Theboyisworkingharderthanever,hopingto________thetimehehaswastedplayingonlinegames.A．takeupB．bringupC．callupD．makeup答案D[考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：為了把浪費(fèi)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲上的時(shí)間彌補(bǔ)回來，男孩比之前學(xué)習(xí)更努力。makeup“彌補(bǔ)”；makeupthetime“把時(shí)間補(bǔ)回來”。]3．(·浙江卷)Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered，youcan________preparingyourbusinessplan.A．setoutB．setaboutC．setoffD．setup答案B[考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：有了你收集的這些信息，你就可以開始準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。setout意為“動(dòng)身，著手”，后面常跟不定式；setabout意為“開始，著手”，后面常跟doing；setoff出發(fā)，引起；setup建立。][核心句型]“Itlooksasifit'llgoundersoon.”Jimsaid,afteracoupleofminutes.過了幾分鐘吉姆說：“看起來它似乎要沉下去了。”asif...在句中引導(dǎo)表語從句。此處asif引導(dǎo)的從句為表語從句。asif還可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。①Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain.他們說啊說，好像再也見不到了。(1)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的情況時(shí)，句子要用陳述語氣。②Hurryup!Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.快點(diǎn)！看起來好像要下雨了。(2)當(dāng)說話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極少可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句謂語用過去時(shí)與過去事實(shí)相反從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)③Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)那個(gè)滿頭長發(fā)的男青年看上去像個(gè)女的。④Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdeduponmymindasifthey____________.童年的往事一齊涌上心頭，好像是剛剛發(fā)生。(與過去事實(shí)相反)答案④hadjusthappened名師點(diǎn)睛如果asif引導(dǎo)的從句的主語與主句中的主語一致，這時(shí)從句中的主語和系動(dòng)詞可省略，這樣asif后就只剩下名詞，不定式，形容詞(短語)，介詞短語或分詞。例如：⑤Hestaredatthegirlasif(hewas)seeingherforthefirsttime.他盯著那個(gè)女孩看，好像他是第一次看到她。HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica.他身無分文來到新奧爾良的時(shí)候，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)那里沒有開往南美洲的船。onlytofindthat...是動(dòng)詞不定式作句子的結(jié)果狀語，that引導(dǎo)的從句作動(dòng)詞不定式tofind的賓語。含有“出人意料的結(jié)果”之意。①Ihurriedtothestation，onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.我匆匆忙忙趕到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已開走了。②Themanhurriedlyreturnedhome，____________hehadlefthiskeyintheoffice.這個(gè)人匆匆忙忙地回到家，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。答案②onlytofindthat[集訓(xùn)中心]Ⅰ.翻譯句子1．我記得事情的全部經(jīng)過，就好像是昨天發(fā)生似的。__________________________________________________________________2．他沒吃早飯就去上學(xué)了，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)校門緊鎖著。__________________________________________________________________3．他張開嘴好像要說什么。__________________________________________________________________答案1.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.2．Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast，onlytofindthegatewaslocked.3．Heopenedhismouthasiftosaysomething.Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(·北京卷)Don'thandlethevaseasifit________madeofsteel.A．isB．wereC．hasbeenD．hadbeen答案B[考查虛擬語氣。句意：不要把花瓶像它似乎是鋼制的一樣來拿。asif表示“似乎；好像”，引導(dǎo)的從句通常用虛擬語氣，再結(jié)合主句的時(shí)態(tài)可知是對現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬，所以用一般過去時(shí)were。]2．(·山東卷)Georgereturnedafterthewar,only________thathiswifehadlefthim.A．tobetoldB．tellingC．beingtoldD．told答案A[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：喬治戰(zhàn)后歸來，卻被告知他的妻子已經(jīng)離他而去。onlytobetold表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，George與tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用betold；telling中tell與George是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，不符合邏輯關(guān)系；表示出乎意料的結(jié)果時(shí)only后面不接doing形式，C項(xiàng)不符合語法。故選A。]3．(·衡水中學(xué)高三模擬)Hearingascream,Irusheddownstairsonlytoseemyhostess________onthefloor.A．lainunconsciousB．lyingunconsciousC．laidunconsciouslyD．lyingunconsciously答案B[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)及形容詞作狀語的用法。句意：聽到叫聲我沖到樓下結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)女主人躺在地板上失去了知覺。seesbdoing看見某人正在做某事；unconscious形容詞，作狀語表示myhostess當(dāng)時(shí)所處的狀態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。][單元語法]復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的形式(3)1．(·南充二診)__