2024年6月大學英語六級試卷真題及答案第三套

6月英語六級真題及答案（第三套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.’’Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleastl50wordsbutnomorethan200words.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsintheblankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36____bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped37____prices.Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution—thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms—38____inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis—allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry39____,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended—thecustomer.Thishas40____anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41____,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42____toimproveservice.Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys（行李員）inBerlinormalf-unctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'43____toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.Theimpactcannotbe44____.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45____provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。accountableB.capacityC.controlledD.entailE)forgedF)incentivesG)occasionallyH)overstatedI)persistingJ)pessimisticK)professionalsL)slashM)specializingN)spectatorsO)subsequentlySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.PlasticSurgeryAbettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacks[A]Athinmagneticstripe(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'vebeenworkinghardtobreakin.That'swhyisshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.[B]Swipe（刷卡）istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debit-（借記）orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem—thecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycomersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.[C]Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.ThefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavilyoutsidetheU.S.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa)thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN(personalidentificationnumber)toauthenticate（驗證）everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.(Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.)[D]Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNihonReport,anindustrynewsletter:"Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing（凸?。﹊t,thesmallenvelop—allputtogether,youareinthedollarrange."Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.(Oncelargeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.)[E]Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheU.S.Thenconsiderthatthere'sanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis'saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheU.S.,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.CardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.[F]ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases—andleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture."Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,"hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen."[G]Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted（加密）.ThehistoricalreasontheU.S.hasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.[H]Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.(It'sactuallyahybrid（混合體）thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostU.S.merchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.)Shouldyoutakethemuponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.[I]Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently（欺詐性地）it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud."Ifit'savailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,"saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardI."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues."Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.[J]Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructure（基礎設施）neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdon'thaveaccesstoit.It'sachicken-and-eggproblem;noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem--yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers'carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren'tequippedtousethem.(AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.)AccordingtoGumbley,there'sa"you-firstmentality.Thelogjam（僵局）hastobebroken."[K]JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingnesstodoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespentthepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefees—thepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep-ratherthandealwiththegrowinghackingproblem.Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-relatedcompaniessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.[L]TheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,thepotentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhackedconsumers."It'stheultimatenightmare,"aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.[M]Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthetransactionchain--merchant,network,bank--thatiftheydon'tbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober,thepartythatisleastcompliantwillbearthefraudrisk.[N]Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets--allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology--arebeginningtomakeinroads（侵襲）oncardsandcash.PayPal,forinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayontheflyatlocalmerchants--withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdowntheroadisbiometricauthentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.[O]Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfortheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripetechnology."Itseemscrazytome,"saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,"thatacutting-edge-technologycountryisdependingona40-year-oldtechnology."That'swhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson:‘‘Whenyougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandinconvenience,that'swheretherubberhitstheroad."注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。46.It'sbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.47.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.48.TheFrenchcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.49.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theU.S.stillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.50.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.51.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.52.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttoswitchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.53.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.54.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.55.ConsumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrommagstripetoEMVtechnology.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.UnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.

Collectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatweusetoassessifwe'redoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturnshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsaren'tanobjectivemeasureofreality;theyaresimplyabestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficult.

First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe"payrollsurvey,"thatassesses400000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesn'tcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosayslittleabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.

Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyou'reemployed,andyousayyes,you'reemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyouareonlyunemployedifyou'vebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfourweeks;otherwise,youare"marginallyattachedtothelaborforce"andnotactuallyunemployed.

Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencaptureanobjectiverealityisn'tjustimpossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。56.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A)TheUSeconomicsituationisgoingfrombadtoworse.

B)Washingtonistakingdrasticmeasurestoprovidemorejobs.

C)TheUSgovernmentisslashingmorejobsfromitspayrolls.

D)TherecenteconomiccrisishastakentheUSbysurprise.57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics?

A)Theyformasolidbasisforpolicymaking.

B)Theyrepresentthecurrentsituation.

C)Theysignalfutureeconomictrends.

D)Theydonotfullyreflectthereality.58.Oneproblemwiththepayrollsurveyisthat________.

A)itdoesnotincludeallthebusinesses

B)itfailstocountintheself-employed

C)itmagnifiesthenumberofthejobless

D)itdoesnottreatallcompaniesequally59.Thehouseholdsurveycanbefaultyinthat________.

A)peopletendtoliewhentalkingonthephone

B)noteverybodyiswillingorreadytorespond

C)somepeoplewon'tprovidetruthfulinformation

D)thedefinitionofunemploymentistoobroad60.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorsuggeststhat________.

A)statisticiansimprovetheirdataassemblingmethods

B)decisionmakersviewthestatisticswithacriticaleye

C)politicianslistenmorebeforemakingpolicydecisions

D)DemocratsandRepublicanscooperateoncrucialissuesQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Atsomepointin,someone,probablyineitherAsiaorAfrica,madethedecisiontomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.Thisnamelesspersonpushedthehumanraceoverahistoricthreshold,foritwasinthatyearthatmankindbecame,forthefirsttimeinitshistory,apredominantlyurbanspecies.Itisatrendthatshowsnosignofslowing.Demographers(人口記錄學家)reckonthatthree-quartersofhumanitycouldbecity-dwellingby2050,withmostoftheincreasecominginthefast-growingtownsofAsiaandAfrica.Migrantstocitiesareattractedbyplentifuljobs,accesstohospitalsandeducation,andtheabilitytoescapetheboredomofafarmer’sagriculturallife.Thosefactorsaremorethanenoughtomakeupforthesqualor(骯臟),diseaseandspectacularpovertythatthosesamemigrantsmustoftenatfirstendurewhentheybecomeurbandwellers.ItisthecitythatinspiresthelatestbookfromPeterSmith.Hismainthesisisthatthebuzzofurbanlife,andtheopportunitiesitoffersforco-operationandcollaboration,iswhatattractspeopletothecity,whichinturnmakescitiesintotheenginesofart,commerce,scienceandprogress.Thisishardlyrevolutionary,butitispresentedinacharmingformat.Mr.Smithhaswrittenabreezyguidebook,withaseriesofshortchaptersdedicatedtospecificaspectsofurbanity—parks,say,orthevariousschemesthathavebeenputforwardovertheyearsforbuildingtheperfectcity.Theresultisasortofhigh-quality,unusuallyrigorouscoffee-tablebook,designedtobedippedintoratherthanreadfrombeginningtoend.Inthechapteronskyscrapers,forexample,Mr.Smithtouchesonconstructionmethods,therevolutionaryinventionoftheautomaticlift,thepracticalitiesoflivingintheskyandthelikelihoodthat,ascitiesbecomemorecrowded,apartmentlivingwillbecomethenorm.Butthereisalsotimeforbriefdiversionsontobizarreground,suchasadiscussionoftheskyscraperindex(whichholdsthataboominskyscraperconstructionisafoolproofsignofanimminentrecession).Oneobviouscriticismisthatthepriceofbreadthisdepth;manyofMr.Smith’sessaysraiseasmanyquestionsastheyanswer.Althoughthatcanindeedbefrustrating,thisisprobablytheonlywaytotreatsograndatopic.Thecityisthebuildingblockofcivilisationandofalmosteverythingpeopledo;aguidebooktothecityisreally,therefore,aguidebooktohowalargeandever-growingchunkofhumanitychoosestolive.Mr.Smith’sbookservesasanexcellentintroductiontoavastsubject,andwillsuggestplentyoffurtherlinesofinquiry.61.Inwhatwayistheyearhistoric?A)Forthefirsttimeinhistory,urbanpeopleoutnumberedruralpeople.B)Aninfluentialfiguredecidedtomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.C)ItisinthisyearthaturbanisationmadeastartinAsiaandAfrica.D)ThepopulationincreaseincitiesreachedanewpeakinAsiaandAfrica.62.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouturbanisation?A)Itsimpactisnoteasytopredict.C)Itisamilestoneinhumanprogress.B)Itsprocesswillnotslowdown.D)Itaggravatesthesqualorofcities.63.HowdoestheauthorcommentonPeterSmith’snewbook?A)Itisbutanordinarycoffee-tablebook.B)Itisflavouredwithhumourousstories.C)Itservesasaguidetoartsandcommerce.D)Itiswritteninalivelyandinterestingstyle.64.Whatdoestheauthorsayinthechapteronskyscrapers?A)Theautomaticliftisindispensableinskyscrapers.B)Peopleenjoylivinginskyscraperswithaview.C)Skyscrapersareasuresignofacity’sprosperity.D)Recessioncloselyfollowsaskyscraperboom.65.WhatmaybeonecriticismofMr.Smith’sbook?A)Itdoesnotreallytouchonanythingserious.B)Itistoolongforpeopletoreadfromcovertocover.C)Itdoesnotdealwithanyaspectofcitylifeindepth.D)Itfailstoprovidesoundadvicetocitydwellers.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之壹。漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有諸多明顯的成就。它最先向其他文化敞開大門,對外貿易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。各類藝術壹派繁華,涌現了諸多文學、歷史、哲學巨著。公元l中國第壹部字典編撰完畢,收入9000個字,提供釋義并列舉不壹樣的寫法:英間,科技方面也獲得了很大進步,發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、曰晷(sundials)以及測量地震的儀器。漢朝歷經4,但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗最終導致了它的滅亡。注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。6月大學英語六級考試真題(三)答案與詳解PartoneWriting參照范文DoingsmallthingsinagreatwayThroughouttheages,onlyafewpeoplecanclimbtheladderofsuccesstothetopandbeadmiredbytheworld.Whatmaysurpriseusisthatmostpeopleachievesuccessbydoingsmallthingsinagreatway.Justasthesayinggoes,“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.”Thatmeansonedoesnotnecessarilybecomeagreatman,buthecanstillbesuccessfulandwinrespectfromothersbydoingcommonworkinaperfectway.Actually,historyaboundswithexamplestoprovehissaying.ThelateCEOofApple,SteveJobs,isacaseinpoint.Hewassoaddictedtodetailsthathecouldnotstoppushinghisstafftopursueperfectionindesignandproduction.ItisduetohisfocusonsmallthingsthatApplehasmadegreatsuccessinthemobilefield,producingproductsthatarenotonlyinnovative,butalsosuperior.Ascollegestudents,weshouldkeepinmindthatitisofgreatnecessityforustoenhanceourselvesbydoingsmallthingsperfectly.Onlywhenallsmallthingsaddupcanmanyimpossibilitiesbemadepossible.PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionA【文章來源】本文選自www.project—syndicate.org上的壹篇文章,標題為"TheRatingsRevolution"(《評價革命》)。【構造框圖】【參照譯文】旅游網站出現于20世紀90年代,當Expedia,Travelocity和其他假曰預訂網站被推出時,游客通過點擊鼠標就可以比較航班和酒店的價格。伴隨信息不再被旅行社控制或隱藏在商業(yè)網絡中,旅游業(yè)發(fā)生了徹底的變革.由于更大的透明度大幅度削減了旅行的價格。今天的旅游業(yè)正在經歷壹場新的革命,這次的革命能變化服務質量。專注于酒店、餐館、公寓和出租車的在線評價平臺使游客們可以交流意見和體驗,并且所有人都能看到這些信息。目前,不僅業(yè)內專業(yè)人士會對旅游服務業(yè)進行排名、分析及比較,那些接受服務的人,即游客也有了發(fā)言權。這就在服務的賣方和買方之間形成了壹種新的關系。顧客們總會用他們的實際體驗來投票.他們目前可以給任何有愛好的人解釋自已作出某種決定的原因。因此.在某些詳細的方面.旅游業(yè)成為壹種愈加負責的行業(yè),從而為旅游業(yè)改善服務質量發(fā)明了強有力的動力:雖然某些讀者也許并不在意有關柏林不友好的行李員或者休斯敦酒店裏壞掉的吹風機的飛短流長,但在線評價的真正力量不僅在于個別故事.更在于網站能聚合大量的評價:這種影響力再夸張也不為過:可以吸引到好評價的企業(yè)會迅速發(fā)展起來.由于新顧客會被好評價吸引過來,隨即又會給出更多積極正面的評價:在線評價的影響力很大.諸多企業(yè)雇用網絡聲譽經理,以保證自已在網絡上保持壹種好名聲:【答案詳解】36.【考點】動詞辨析題。C)【語法判斷】該空格位于With引導的介詞短語中,由短語中的or和hidden可推知.所填詞也應是動詞過去分詞形式.表達被動:【語義判斷】文章首句提到.游客可以在旅游網站上比較航班和酒店的價格.由此可知,信息都是公開透明的.而不是被某個旅行社所“掌控”,備選動詞中,controlled“控制”符合題意,故為答案。37.【考點】動詞辨析題。L)【語法判斷】該空格位于動詞helped之後,名詞prices之前,據此判斷應填入動詞原形,構成helpdosth.的構造。【語義判斷】由第壹段首句可知,游客可以在旅游網站上比較航班和酒店的價格,也就是說,旅游網站可以協(xié)助游客選擇報價更低的航班和酒店。結合備選項,slash“大幅度削減”符合題意。38.【考點】動詞辨析題。M)【語法判斷】空格位于後置定語中,用來補充闡明在線評價平臺波及的領域,故應填入目前分詞,且能與in構成固定搭配?！菊Z義判斷】備選動詞中,表達“波及”且能與in搭配的目前分詞只有specializing“專門從事”,故為答案:specializein為固定搭配,意為“專攻”。39.【考點】名詞辨析題。K)【語法判斷】空格位于by引導的介詞短語裏,表達動作的實行者,由此推斷應填入表達人或機構的名詞?！菊Z義判斷】備選名詞中,professionals“專業(yè)人士”符合題意,故為答案。備選項中,spectators“觀眾”雖然滿足語法規(guī)定,但其含義與上下文不符,故排除。40.【考點】動詞辨析題。E)【語法判斷】空格位于has之後,賓語anewrelationship之前,據此判斷應填入過去分詞。【語義判斷】由賓語anewrelationship可知,所填動詞應當表達“建立,構建”等意思。備選動詞中,forged“形成,締造”符合題意,故為答案。41.【考點】形容詞辨析題。A)【語法判斷】由空格前的aremuchmore可以推斷應填入形容詞?！菊Z義判斷】結合後半句中的powerful和improveservice可知,空格處應填入表達積極意義的形容詞。備選形容詞中,符合規(guī)定的只有accountable“負有責任的”,故為答案。42.【考點】名詞辨析題。F)【語法判斷】該空格位于形容詞powerful之後.動詞不定式toimprove之前,據此判斷應填入名詞?！菊Z義判斷】根據上下文推斷,在線評價這種方式對旅游業(yè)改善服務起到了增進作用。備選名詞中.符合該語境的只有incentives“刺激,動力”,故為答案:43.【考點】名詞辨析題。B)【語法判斷】該空格位于名詞所有格之後,據此判斷應填入名詞；【語義判斷】備選名詞中,符合語境的是capacity“能力”.這裏表達網站能聚合大量的評價。44.【考點】動詞辨析題。H)【語法判斷】該空格位于be動詞之後,可填入形容詞或者動詞的過去分詞?！菊Z義判斷】最終壹段第二、三句重要講述好評價的重要作用,故空格所在句也應當是講好評價的重要性。備選詞中.overstated“夸張,夸張”符合文意,故為答案。cannotbeoverstated意為“再夸張也不為過”。45.【考點】副詞辨析題。o)【語法判斷】該空格位于動詞provide之前,并且雖然去掉該空格。也不會影響到句意.因此推斷此處應填入副詞?！菊Z義判斷】由空格所在句中的goodreviews和morepositivefeedback可知,所填入的副詞應能體現出時間先後次序。備選副詞中.subsequently“隨即,接著”符合文意,故為答案。SectionB【文章來源】本文為1月30曰TIME(《時代》)上的壹篇文章,標題為“PlasticSurgery”(《信用卡手術》）?！緲嬙炜驁D】【參照譯文】信用卡手術壹張更好的信用卡可以抵擋更多黑客的襲擊A)壹條窄窄的磁條是你的信用卡信息和那些壞家伙之間的唯壹障礙。而這些壞家伙壹直費盡心機想要突破這層障礙。這就是對立雙方決定壹決雌雄的原因:(50)銀行、執(zhí)法和技術企業(yè)都努力與黑客作斗爭,這些黑客在盜用顧客的賬號、姓名、郵箱地址和其他關鍵的身份信息方面很有壹手。去年11月份以來發(fā)生的大多數黑客襲擊中,塔吉特、尼曼·馬庫斯和邁克爾斯三大零售的1億多客戶都受到了壹定程度的影響。B)(47)“刷卡”是關鍵詞:當你在商店裏購物的時候,你的信用卡越來越輕易受到襲擊:在近來的幾起事件當中,黑客通過將惡意軟件秘密植入零售店的銷售點結算登記系統(tǒng)·進而獲取信用卡、借記卡或儲值卡中的大量信息。黑客們隨即會把這些數據賣給網絡暗角的第二組犯罪團伙。很快之後,這些被竊取的數據就會出目前假的信用卡中,并用于網上購物。C)要處理這壹問題,只需多花2美元得到壹張發(fā)行的信用卡。這壹處理措施是壹項安全加固技術,廣泛用于美國以外的國家；(49)當美國的信用卡還在使用40年之前的磁條技術來處理信用卡交易的時候.國外許多國家都在使用壹種運用芯片加密技術的信用卡·這種卡更智能。這種卡中嵌入了壹種芯片.再加上壹種客戶個人識別碼.就可以現場驗證每壹筆交易。假如購置者結算時不能輸入對的的個人識別碼.那么這次交易就無法完畢:(網上購物也可以通過設置獨立的交易碼來完畢。)D)(52)為何各大銀行沒有采用這項更為安全的技術呢？郵寄新的信用卡時,需要考慮有關成本,信用卡行業(yè)簡報《尼爾森匯報》的負責人大衛(wèi)·羅伯遜說。“卡的成本,給信用卡加磁條,給卡編碼并凸印賬號和有效期限,尚有小信封,所有的這些加起來的成本就1美元了。’’目前,壹張芯片加個人識別碼的卡大概要花費3美元,羅伯遜說道,由于芯片的價格高昂。(壹旦大的發(fā)卡行壹起更換卡片,芯片的成本就會降下來。)E)美國目前流通中的磁條信用卡和儲值卡超過50億張,我們可以用這個數字乘以3美元。那么,考慮壹下,世界上估計共有l(wèi)24億美元資金陷入信用卡詐騙當中,羅伯遜說。而這當中,44％出目前美國,美國的信用卡詐騙的金額每年高達55億美元。目前,信用卡發(fā)卡行估計,雖然是承擔塔吉特商店這樣的大型黑客襲擊案件的責任,也比換代所有的信用卡要實惠。F)(54)這使美國零售商幾乎已成為世界上唯壹使用磁條技術收費的商家,而這也使美國消費者非常輕易受到侵害。每個磁條有三條記錄信息的軌道,支付安全專家杰瑞米·岡布利解釋道,他本人也是電子支付企業(yè)“信用卡支付企業(yè)”的技術總監(jiān)。其中,第壹條和第三條軌道給銀行或者信用卡發(fā)卡行使用。你的重要賬戶信息在第二條軌道上,這正是黑客努力去獲取的信息。“惡意軟件會實時掃描這些存儲器以搜尋數據,”他說道,“這個軟件能創(chuàng)立壹種被盜的文本文檔。”G)相反,芯片加個人識別碼信用卡能防止假冒卡片或提取信息,由于這種信用卡中會被搜尋到的信息已經加密。美國之因此堅持使用磁條技術,其歷史原因非常挖苦,那就是由于這項技術曾經是美國的優(yōu)勢技術。我們的有線網絡廉價、可信度高,這就使得電話信用卡驗證暢通無阻。(48)在法國。信用卡企業(yè)之因此會發(fā)明芯片卡,部分原因在于電話壟斷導致該過程低效得讓人極度惱火,并且價格高昂。芯片卡這壹處理措施可以讓交易驗證地方化,并且愈加安全。H)某些大銀行,例如美國富國銀行,目前正積極為客戶提供將磁條卡轉換為芯片加密碼卡的服務。(實際上,這是壹種混合卡,該卡仍然有磁條,由于大多數美國商家沒有芯片卡終端。)你應當接受這種服務嗎?(46)假如你要出國旅游的話,那么你就應當接受。I)(51)不過也要記住,相比借記卡,信用卡能提供更好的責任保護。假如有人運用欺詐性手段使用了你的信用卡,那么應當是發(fā)卡行或者商家承擔損失,而不是你。而借記卡有不壹樣的責任限額,取決于銀行和欺詐事件的詳細狀況?！凹偃鐥l件容許,按理應去發(fā)卡行換壹張芯片加密碼的信用卡,信用卡圈內人網站的聯合創(chuàng)始人埃裏克·阿達莫夫斯基說道。“由于責任問題,比起借記卡,我寧愿使用信用卡。”使用現金也是壹種很好的選擇。J)零售商和銀行很也許會是芯片加密碼信用卡低欺詐率的受益者,然而數年來它們卻壹直不愿為這項技術投資建設新的基礎設施,尤其是在消費者無法使用的狀況下。這就像是“雞和蛋”的問題:假如消費者不使用芯片卡,那么就沒有人樂意花錢升級能讀取這種芯片卡的銷售點體系；不過假如商店沒有可以使用那些信用卡的設備,消費者也不會去使用那些設計精致的信用卡。(先前塔吉特商場曾試圖向芯片加密碼信用卡的方向發(fā)展。但沒有獲得任何進展。)岡布利稱,大家均有壹種壹你先的心理,必須打破這個僵局。”K)摩根大通總裁杰米·德曼近期表達樂意這樣做,他提到,銀行和商家在過去的拾年中壹直在互換費問題上互相指責——他們各自保留的交易價格比例——而沒有處理越來越嚴重的黑客問題。摩根大通為消費者提供壹張自身品牌下的芯片信用卡,此外還為英國航空企業(yè)和麗嘉酒店此類旅行有關的企業(yè)提供了數種其他類型的信用卡。L)(53)塔吉特和尼曼發(fā)生的黑客事件也變化了成本計算:據凱捷企業(yè)的征詢師估計,要想將它們所有的存儲設備都轉變?yōu)榕c芯片加密碼的信用卡兼容的設備,大概需要67.5億美元,雖然零售商不愿花這筆錢,不過它們目前面臨的潛在債務卻在急劇增長。塔吉特企業(yè)遭到了來自被黑客襲擊的消費者的集體訴訟?！斑@是最糟糕的惡夢,”壹家著名連鎖店的零售主管告訴《時代》周刊的記者。M)信用卡支付企業(yè)萬事達和維薩正大力推進換代進程。兩家企業(yè)對交易鏈中包括商家、網絡企業(yè)和銀行在內的所有參與方都發(fā)出了警告,截至10月份,假如它們還不能做到與芯片信用卡兼容,那么透程最饅的壹方將承擔欺詐風險。N)同步.安裝對應程序的智能手機和數字錢包都可以使用芯片技術,這壹趨勢給信用卡和現金帶來了沖擊。例如:貝寶正在測試—個應用程序,該程序運行時能讓你運用手機在當地商家進行支付,而不用向商家提供信用卡的任何信息。更深入的發(fā)展趨勢是生物特性身份認證,如使用指紋等進行加密。O)然而.在可預見的未來,信用卡和借記卡還會繼續(xù)存在,而假如我們堅持使用磁條技術,黑客也會繼續(xù)存在?！拔液喼彪y以想象,壹種擁有無數尖端技術的國家還在使用40年前的技術,”英國人岡布利說道。(55)這就是也許我們還是會依賴消費者來推進向芯片加密碼方