非謂語動(dòng)詞課件初高中英語銜接課程（可編輯版）

Overviewofto-infinitives,verb-ingandverb-edformsTocookChinesefoodisnoteasy.Myfirstthoughtatmealtimeswastoeatatarestaurant.AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,wasteachingwhenthefloorbegantoshake.Wecanalwaysexpecthimtohelpus.IwasstayinginAtlanta,andthatwasoneofthecitiestobehit.Thatmorning,IturnedontheTVforsomelocalnews,onlytohearthatahurricanewasonitsway.To-infinitivesinsentencesfrompreviousunitssubjectpredicativeobjectobjectcomplementattributiveadverbialVerb-ingformsinsentencesfrompreviousunitsSlidingintothehabitwaseasy,butitwasdifficulttoquitthehabit.Itwassurprising

thentoseesomanypeopleviewingimportantand

preciousartworksthroughtheirsmartphones.Ihearsomeoneplayingthepianointhenextroom.Thepeopletalkingtherearemyfriends.Walkingalongthestreet,Isawanoldfriend.Shepracticesdancing5hourseveryday.subjectpredicativeobjectcomplementattributiveadverbialobjectVerb-edformsinsentencesfrompreviousunits1.Iwasamazedtoseeallthepaintings.2.Thoseselectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.3.Seenfromthetopofthemountaintheriverlookslikeadragon.4.IhaveneverheardthissongsunginEnglish.predicativeattributiveadverbialobjectcomplement什么是非謂語動(dòng)詞?非謂語動(dòng)詞是一種動(dòng)詞形式，這種動(dòng)詞形式不能單獨(dú)做謂語非謂語動(dòng)詞通常指todo、doing和done意義相同點(diǎn)tododoingdone目的、將來、結(jié)果主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行、修飾物被動(dòng)、完成、修飾人1）有固定搭配2）可以作表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語非謂語動(dòng)詞在什么條件下使用？一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語動(dòng)詞）,又沒有連詞的情況下,還有別的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)。Shegotoffthebus,but_____(leave)herhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,_________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leftleaving謂語動(dòng)詞的功能?形式功能主語賓語表語定語狀語補(bǔ)語Todo動(dòng)詞-ing動(dòng)詞-edTipss非謂語動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.Shepretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.非謂語作主語Todo&doingTodo和doing形式都可以用作______，有主語可用_____________代替，此主語置于______。

Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.→It

willbedangerous

toplaywithfire.

Pretending

toknowwhatyoudonotknowisnogood.→Itisnogoodpretending

toknowwhatyoudonotknow.主語形式主語it句首TodoItis

a

shame

to

litter.Itisnecessaryforustoprotecttheearthforthefuturegenerations.ItisverykindofyoutohelpwithmyEnglish.IttooktheChinesealongtimetoexplorethespace.ItmakesmerelaxedtoknowthatIhavepassedtheexam.it作為形式主語時(shí)，常見句型。It+be+n.+todosthIt+be+adj.+(forsb)todosth(adj修飾物）It+be+adj.+(ofsb)todosth(adj修飾人）Ittakes(sb)time/moneytodosthItmakessb+adj.+todosthPractice你為我們做了這么多美味的菜真的是太好了。

Itisnice___you_______somanytastydishesforus.對(duì)于我們來說，學(xué)會(huì)如何做飯還是很有用的。

Itisuseful___us

.今天花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)來清理房間。

Ittakesme2hourstocleantheroom.站在這里發(fā)表演講是我極大的榮幸。

Itismygreathonourtostandhereandgiveyouaspeech.tolearnhowtocookfortomakeofdoingItisworthwhiledoing... 做......是值得的Itis_______/_______doing... 做......無用的Itis________doing... 做......是沒有好處的Itis______________doing... 做......是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的

PracticeYoucan’timaginewhatsituationIamfacedwith,soitisnouse_________(tell)menottoworry.(改錯(cuò))Ithinkitisnousecryaboutyourexamresultnow.試圖改變他的主意是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。tellingnouseuselessnogoodawasteoftimecry改為cryingItisawasteoftimetryingtochangehismind.Todo&doing作主語的區(qū)別doing形式作主語表示________/________/__________行為；todo作主語表示_________/_________/__________動(dòng)作。一般的抽象的習(xí)慣性的具體的一次性的特指的Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。(泛指玩火這件事情)Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.玩火將很危險(xiǎn)。(指某一具體動(dòng)作)非謂語作賓語Todo不定式作賓語afford,agree,arrange,choose,desire,expect,fail,hope,intend,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等動(dòng)詞后，常接todo賓語。Mikeofferedtohelpme.Tompromisedtogowithme.Doing作賓語doing跟在______，_____和______之后做賓語，如continue，before，gettiredof等Iconsideredgoingtosehiminperson.Everyoneburstoutlaughing.動(dòng)詞介詞短語動(dòng)詞：like,enjoy,avoid,advise,suggest,mind,keep等借此：by,after等短語：becapableofdoing(有能力做…)，getdowntodoing，havetroubleindoing，beusedtodoing（習(xí)慣做某事）,bebusydoing等Todo&doing作賓語的區(qū)別在remember,forget,regret,try,mean等動(dòng)詞后，既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，doing形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生；todo表示動(dòng)作還沒發(fā)生remembertodosth.記得去做某事doingsth.記得做過某事forgettodosth.忘記去做某事doingsth.忘記做過某事egIrememberseeinghimbefore.

我記得曾經(jīng)見過他。

Remembertotellhimaboutit.

記得把這件事告訴他。Inowregrettellingthelie.

我現(xiàn)在后悔說謊了。Iregrettotellyouthebadnews.

我很遺憾告訴你這個(gè)壞消息。Wouldyoumind_________(turn)downyourradioalittle,please?Yesterday,Ihaddifficulty/troublein__________(hunt)forsomeimportantinformationontheInternet.Hestopped___________(smoke),havearest,andeatdessert.Billsuggested________ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.tohold C.holding D.holdturninghuntingtosmokeC非謂語作表語linkingverbs一是：be兩似乎：seem,appear三保持：keep,stay,remain四變得：become,get,turn,go五感覺：look,smell,taste,sound,feel六證明：proveTodoTodo表語，說明主語所指的內(nèi)容，還可以表示將來，可以帶邏輯主語。動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，有的情況下to可以省略，即前有do后無to。egMypurposeistohelpthem.Myhopeisforallmemberstocometogether.AllIdidwas(to)givehimalittlepush.doing&donedoing=adj.修飾物，“令人…的”=n.表示主語的內(nèi)容done=adj.修飾人，“感到…的”表示主語所處的狀態(tài)Thebookwasso_________(interest)thathealmostforgotthetime.Heisvery__________(concern)withthematter.MyfinalaimislearningEnglishwell.=interesting

concernedLearningEnglishwellismyfinalaim.Todo&doingTodo&doing均可作表語，解釋或說明主語的具體內(nèi)容，兩者常可換用，但需要注意主語與表語的一致性。如果表示某種結(jié)果、不幸的命運(yùn)或預(yù)言，或表示"同意；命令；決定；勸告"等意，則往往用todo作表語。

Myworkislookingafter/tolookafterthechildren.

Toliveistodosomethingworthwhile.=Livingisdoingsomethingworthwhile.Theimportantthingistosavelives.

Youaretohandintheexercisestomorrow.However,cookingseems

(be)challengingforme.Hisambitionis_____________(become)asuccessfulscientistwhenhegraduates.Whatwecandois____________(ensure)thatallpeoplehaveaccesstoacompletediet,notjustthoseinthewealthypartsoftheworldbuteverywhereintheworld.tobetobecome(to)ensure1.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.(2020年新課標(biāo)全國卷I)2.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout________(find)thewell-knownpainter.…Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.(2020年新課標(biāo)全國卷III)tofindtofindsurrounding4.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor__________(walk)througharainforest.(2020年全國新高考I卷)5.Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology__________(change)lives.…Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeandindryareas,__________(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020浙江卷)walkingtochangemaking非謂語作定語不定式作

通常放在其修飾的名詞或代詞

。定語之后

Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?

Yourwish

tobeateacherisquiteunderstandable.

不定式作定語時(shí)，to后所接的動(dòng)詞與被修飾的名詞或代詞之間是主謂關(guān)系、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系。主謂關(guān)系(subject-verb)Sheisalwaysthefirstpersontocomeandthelastonetoleave.

她總是第一個(gè)來最后一個(gè)走。

Shewasthebestwomantodothejob.

她是做這份工作的最佳人選。這種情況，被修飾的名詞或代詞前常有序數(shù)詞、theonly、最高級(jí)或no,all,any等修飾限定。PS:動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(verb-object)Todo常表示將來若不定式動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，則該動(dòng)詞必須與介詞連用，組成及物的動(dòng)詞短語。

Theteacherleftusalotofproblems

tosolve.

老師給我們留了很多要解答的題。

Pleasegivemesomethingtodrink.

請(qǐng)給我點(diǎn)喝的。

Heneedsanewhousetolivein.

他需要一個(gè)新房子住。當(dāng)作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。Doyou

haveanything

tosend?Doyou

haveanything

tobesent?你自己親自去寄

send用主動(dòng)

(sendsomething)

動(dòng)賓關(guān)系我可以幫你去寄

send用被動(dòng)(somethingbesend)主謂關(guān)系

同位關(guān)系(apposition)修飾抽象名詞，如ability,chance,ideafact,promise,reason…to后接的動(dòng)詞短語是對(duì)該抽象名詞的解釋/說明Hebrokehispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.

他沒有遵守定期給父母寫信的承諾。Westudentsshouldhavethecouragetofaceanydifficulty.

我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該有勇氣面對(duì)任何困難。V-ing形式作定語常表示所修飾詞的用途，也可以表示進(jìn)行Asleepingpillwillhelpyoutofallasleepquickly.Thehousesbeingbuiltareforthestudents.doing&doneDone形式作定語，一般表示被動(dòng)，完成HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyDickens.Jackclearedthefallenleavesontheground.Therearealittletimeleft.

Therearemanypeople_______(invite)totheparty.Themeeting___________(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.Themeeting_____(hold)yesterdaywasofgreatimportance.Themeeting__________(hold)tomorrowisofgreatimportance.Heisalwaysthefirst________(come)andthelast_______(leave).invitedbeingheldheldtobeheldtocometoleavePractice非謂語作狀語todo可以作目的狀語，相當(dāng)于soasto、inorderto(soasto只能放于句中)

TodoTocatchtheearlybus，hegetsupearly.=Inordertocatchtheearlybus,hegetsupearly.=Hegetsupearlytocatchtheearlybus.Bobtookdownmytelephonenumbersoasto/inorderto/torememberit.Todo可以作結(jié)果狀語，常用在下列句式中：Todoso+adj+astodosth

such+n+astodosth…enoughtodosth

too….to;onlytodosth1.I’mnotsostupidastowriteitdown.=I’mnotsuchafoolastowriteitdown.2.Heiscleverenoughtobefitforthejob.adj.作表語時(shí)，后面可接todo作原因狀語，用以說明這種情緒的原因。用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞常用的有：happy,glad,sorry,anxious,angry,proud,surprised,pleased.TodoegTheywereverygladtohearthenews.I’mhappytomeetyou.doing&done作狀語doing和done形式作狀語可以表示時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、條件、結(jié)果、目的等意義。Seenfromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.doing

主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行done

被動(dòng)、完成Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.PracticeWhen________(offer)help,oneoftensays“Thankyou”

or