高考英語(yǔ) 考前30天沖刺押題系列 專題13 閱讀理解（版）

押題系列13、閱讀理解名師押題：預(yù)測(cè)一高考閱讀理解所選材料通常都是國(guó)外網(wǎng)站上的地道的英語(yǔ)文章，然后經(jīng)過(guò)命題專家整合、改編而成。文章主要介紹國(guó)內(nèi)外的文化風(fēng)俗、歷史名勝、人文地理、著名人物等。預(yù)測(cè)二文章的篇幅較短，詞數(shù)多為280～330，兼顧多種體裁，通常有記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文等，要求考生充分利用所給信息，回答文章提出的問(wèn)題。通常文章難度不大，關(guān)鍵是考查考生高效處理信息的能力，還要求考生對(duì)文章有更深層次的理解。但是題目并不容易，很容易出錯(cuò)。全國(guó)卷的命題逐漸向地方自主命題卷，尤其是新課標(biāo)地區(qū)的試卷看齊，不斷增加詞匯量和文章長(zhǎng)度，向新課標(biāo)過(guò)渡。預(yù)測(cè)三題目設(shè)置靈活多樣，通常以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，推理判斷題為輔，兼顧猜測(cè)詞義、句意題及目的意圖題和主旨大意題。這種命題特點(diǎn)要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息，提高閱讀速度?？记盁嵘恚骸狙侯}1】科技說(shuō)明文是高考常考的內(nèi)容，應(yīng)該引起高度注意。BarryBrowniswiththeMobileLifeCentreinStockholm,Sweden.Thecenterstudieshuman-computerinteraction,orHCI,especiallycommunicationsinvolvingwirelessdevices.WespoketoMrBrownbySkype.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS-equippedcartouseduringhisstay.BarryBrown:“Andtheyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.And,thenitwasn’tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyhadputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheylived.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.Soagain,theGPSiskindof“garbageingarbageout”.MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror.But,hesays,whatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomings,orfailures,ofGPSequipment.BarryBrown:“OneproblemwithmanyGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturn,sometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit’sgoingtothewrongplace.”BarryBrownformerlyservedasaprofessorwiththeUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Whilethere,heworkedonaprojectwithEricLaurierfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThetwomenstudiedtheeffectsofGPSdevicesondrivingbyplacingcamerasinpeople’scars.Theywroteapaperbasedontheirresearch.Itiscalled“TheNormal,NaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS.”BarryBrown:“Oneofthethingsthatstruckus,perhapsthemostimportantthingwasthatyouhavetoknowwhatyou’redoingwhenyouuseaGPS.Therearethesenewskillsthatpeoplehavedeveloped.TherearethesenewcompetenciesthatyouneedtohavetobeabletouseaGPSbecausetheysometimesgowrong.”2.Whatistheimplicationoftheunderlinedpart?A.GPSisjustagarbagedevice.B.GPSwillnotcorrecthumanerrors.C.GPSadjustsyourwrongdestination.D.GPSisjustassmartashumanbeings.3.WhichisNOTmentionedasaGPSshortcominginthepassage?A.Smallscreen.B.Timingofcommands.C.Outdatedmaps.D.DearcamerasGPSuses.4.Accordingtothepassage,peoplecommonlybelievethat_____.A.youhavetoknowwheretogowhenusingGPSB.youneedtohavenewcompetenciestouseGPSwellC.GPSisproperfordriverswithlittlesenseofdirectionD.GPSisfitforpeoplehavinggoodunderstandingofmaps解析定位排除。【押題2】Nap，doze，shut-eyeandsnoozeareallexpressionsweusetodescribethatmysteriousstate，sleep.Wealldoit，wecan'tgetbywithoutitandbythetimewereacholdage，mostofushavespent20yearssleeping:Yet，nobodyknowswhywedoit．Mostscientiststhinkthatbyrestingourbodies，weallowtimeforessentialmaintenance（維護(hù)）worktobedone‘Anydamagethatthereiscanbeputrightmorequicklyifenergyisn'tbeingusedupdoingotherthings‘Injuredanimalscertainlyspendmoretimeasleepthanusualwhiletheirwoundsarehealing（愈合）．Andquiteafewillnessesmakeusfeelsleepysoourbodycangetonwithcuringus．Sleepiscontrolledbycertainchemicals.Theybuildupduringtheday，eventuallyreachinglevelsthatmakeustired.Wecancontroltheeffectsofthesechemicalstosomeextent．Forexample，caffeinehelpstokeepusawakewhilealcoholandsomemedicinesmakeussleepy.Byusingelectrodes，scientistsareabletostudywhatgoesoninpeople'sheadswhiletheyaresleeping.Theyhavediscoveredthatwhenwefirstdropoffeverythingslowsdown.Theheartbeatsmoreslowlyandourbreathingbecomesshallow．Afterabout90minutesoureyesstarttotwitchandwegointowhatiscalledREMsleep．REMstandsforRapidEyeMovement，andit'sasignthatwe'vestartedtodream.Youhavedreamseverynight，evenifyoudon'trememberthem.Thereareallsortsoftheoriesaboutwhywedream.Oneisthatitgivesthebrainachancetosortouttheday'sactivities，fillingeverythingawayintherightplace.Anotheristhatthebraingetsboredwhilewe'reasleepandorganizesitsownentertainment-asortoflate-nightcinema！Alotofpeoplesaytheyhavetohaveeighthours’sleepeverynightwhileothersseemtomanageonalotless.Onethingisforsure，weallneedsomesleepandgoingwithoutitcanhavesomeverystrangeeffects.AnAmericanDJ，whostayedawakefor200hourstoraisemoneyforcharity，thoughtthingswereburstingintoflamesallaroundhimafter120hourswithoutsleep．Hesurvivedthestrangehorribleperiodoftimebutwasdepressedforthreemonthsafterwards．Humansareunusualinthewaytheysleep．Mostanimalshaveasleepduringthedayandtestshaveshownthatasiestacanbebeneficialforustoo．It'sevenbeenrecommendedthatairlinepilotsshouldhaveanapduringlongflightssothattheyaremorealert（警覺(jué)的）forthetrickybusinessoflanding.SonexttimeyounodoffafterSundaylunchinfrontoftheTV，don'tfeelembarrassedaboutit．Science，afterall，isonyourside．63．ThepassageisprobablyfromaA.labreportB.researchpaperC.sciencestoryD.druginstruction64.Whenwearesleeping，．A.ourheartbeatsmoreslowlyB.ourbodychemicalsbecomefullycontrollableC.ourbrainbeginstoshowmoviesD.ourwoundbeginstoheal65.Theunderlinedword“siesta”inthelastparagraphbutonemeansA.agoodrestB.alittledrinkC.ashortsleepD.adaydream【押題3】廣告應(yīng)用文是高考閱讀理解中，最常考的體裁之一。BodyPower:Thisclassusesweightsandaerobicmovements(aformofveryactivephysicalexercise)toincreasestrengthwhileburningfat.Itissuitableforalllevelsforfitness.Aerobics:Thisisalowtomiddlelevelofdifficultyinaerobicclass.Itisgoodforbeginnertoaveragelevelsoffitness.BeginnerAerobics:Thisclasshasalowlevelofdifficultyandsimpleaerobicmovements.Itismainlyforpeoplewhohavenotexercisedbeforeorwhoarejustreturningafteralongbreakofinjury.BodyStretch(holdyourarmsorlegsoutstraightandtightenyourmuscles):Thisisarelaxationclasswhichstretchesallthemusclegroups.Itissuitableforalllevelsoffitness.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyorhaveastressfullifestylewouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirhealthinthisclass.BodyBum:Thisisahighlevelofdifficultyinaerobicclassthatmainlyaimsatfatburning.Itisonlyforthosepeoplewithaveryhighleveloffitness.60.OnWednesdaythefitnessclassat6:30p.m.is ___.A.Aerobics B.BodyPowerC.BeginnerAerobicsD,BodyBum61.Thetwoclassesthataresuitableforalllevelsoffitnessare _____.A.AerobicsandBodyPower B.BodyBumandAerobicsC.BodyPowerandBodyStretch D.BodyStretchandBeginnerAerobics62.LenawantstogototheCityGymonSaturday.Shehasnotexercisedforalongtime.Thebestlimeforhertogowouldbe________.A.5:30p.m.B.3:00p.m.C.7:15a.m.D.7:30p.m.63.ThemaingoaloftheBodyBumisto_________.A.reducefat B.reducestressC.increasestrength D.increasemusclesizeFromtheouterofNewYorktotheheartofSingapore,natureiseverywhereyou'renotlookinginsomeofEarth'smostcrowdedbigcities.Outdooradventureisoftenjustafewstopsonthetrain-orashortdrive-awayfromtheannoyingcrowds.Hereareafewfavoritestogetyougoing:MountHollywoodTrail,LosAngelesIt'snotaskyscraperoraFerriswheel,andthere'snoexpensiverestaurantuptop.Butifyouwantanabsolutelyunforgettable,no-admission-charged,360-degreeviewoftheentireLosAngelesregion,it'syours.Allyouhavetodoiswalkalittle.Oneofthepreferredexerciseroutes,theMountHollywoodTrail,iseasilyaccessedfromtheparkinglotofthefamousGriffithObservatory;youseewhatyougetattheendofthissteep1.5-miletrail,whichwindsitswaythroughtheGriffithParkwildsuptothemountain's1,640-footpeak.BronxRiver,NewYorkItmaynotbeonyourTop10listofthingstodowhenyoufinallygettotheBigApple,butexploringthealmost-secretriverthatflowsthroughoneofNewYork'smostmysteriousboroughs(自治市)isanunforgettableexperience.TheBronxRiverAlliance,anon-profitgroupthathasworkedtirelesslytobringthemuch-abusedriverbacktolife,operatescyclingandcanoeingtripsalongtheriver,fromtheruggedHuntsPointsectiondownneartheharboronupthroughtheborough.SouthernIslands,SingaporeBelieveitornot,tightlypackedSingaporedoeshaveplentyofopenspaceleft.Thereareactualtrailsrightinthemiddleofeverything,ifyouknowwheretolook.Buttoreallygetawayfromitall,theSouthernIslands,asmallgroupoflittlegreendotsjustoffthecity-state'ssouthernshoreline,arejustthething.LeeValley,LondonThisEastLondonrivervalleychangedlastsummer,whenanyonenearatelevisiongotaneyefulofOlympicPark,builtdirectlyinthemiddleofthevalley.Insidethepark,beautifullylandscapedsectionsquicklybecameafavoriterelaxationspotforgamesgoers.Atpresent,you'llfindmilesofwalkingpathsworthexploring.StartattheWalthamCrosstrainandfollowthesignpostedwalkingroutesouthbound,guidingyoupastimportanthistoricindustrialareas,throughinterestingcityneighborhoods,pastthewesternsideofOlympicParkandontotheThames.60.Ifsomeonewantstoenjoyanunforgettableexperienceforfree,hecangoto______.A.MountHollywoodTrailandBronxRiver B.MountHollywoodTrailandSouthernIslandsC.LeeValleyandSouthernIslands D.BronxRiverandLeeValley61.Thewriterofthepassagewantsto________.A.informthereadersthatnatureexistsincrowdedbigcitiesB.appealtomorepeopletooutdooradventureC.recommendseveralhistoricalspotstoreadersD.presentvariousapproachtooutdooradventure62.Weknowfromthepassage________.A.it’sdifficulttofindapropertrailinpackedSingaporeB.theThamesisnotfarawayfromtheEastLondonrivervalleyC.TheBronxRiverAlliancehassucceededinrunningtheriverD.youmayhavetroublereachingtheMountHollywoodTrail【押題4】高考閱讀理解中記敘文常考，尤其是表示人間關(guān)愛(ài)的情感記敘文。Eventhoughwearenowlivinginthedigitalage,thebasicandthemostimportantelementofeducationhasnotchanged.Moststudentsstillneedthatone-on-one,teacher-studentrelation-shiptolearnandtosucceed.TeenagersneedinstructioninEnglish,mathandhistory,buttheyalsowantpersonaladviceandencouragement.Kidstalkwithmeabouttheirfamilies,theirweekendplans,theirfavoriteTVshowsandtheirrelationshipproblems.Thispersonalconnectionisthenecessarylinkbetweenteachersandstudentsthatnoamountoftechnologycanimproveuponorreplace.Afewyearsago,Ihadastudentwhowasstrugglingwithmyclassandwithschoolingeneral.Althoughhewasahumorousyoungmanwholikedtojokearound,Iknewhisfamilylifewasfarfromideal(理想的).WheneverIapproachedhimaboutmissinghomeworkorlowtestgrades,healwayshadthesamereply,“Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseI’mquittingschoolanyway.”Eventhoughhealwayssaidthisinahalfjokingway,Iknewheneededtohearmydifferentopinionandmyvalueofahighschooleducation”lecture.Heneededtohearthisspeechfromme.Afterheleftmyclass,hestruggledthroughthenexttwoyearsofschool.But,hedidfinallygraduatebecausewekepttellinghimtohanginthere(堅(jiān)持下去).We’dcaredabouthisfinishingschool.Recently,IsawthisformerstudentworkingatalocalItalianrestaurant.ItoldhimagainhowproudIwasofhim.Hesaidthathewashopingtogobacktoschooltobecomeacertifiedelectrician(注冊(cè)電氣技師).Iencouragedhimtogetthattraining.Studentsrelyonsympatheticteacherstoguide,totutor,tolisten,tolaughandtocrywiththem.Teachersprovidethemostimportantlinkintheeducationalprocess-thehumanone.64.Whichofthefollowingdiagramscanbestdescribethestructureofthepassage?65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.modentechnologyisveryimportantforteachersB.theyoungstudentwashumorousbecausehehadahappyfamilyC.theyoungstudentgotlowgradesbecausehewantedtoquitschoolD.finallytheyoungmanprobablywentbacktoschoolforfurthertraining66.Accordingtothetext,themostimportantelementineducationis________.A.advancedtechnology B.teachers’encouragementC.personalconnection D.teachers’goodinstruction67.Theauthorstateshisviewofeducationby________.A.example B.description C.figure D.comparison【押題5】議論文也是高考閱讀理解中?？嫉捏w裁。Sincemid-Decembertonow,I'vehurriedfromroomtoroomdealingwiththemessofmychildren．Iknow,Iknow:makethemdoit．Itry．Ireallydo．Iasknicely,twicely,crossly,loudly．Butitdoesn'twork:itjustmakesyoufeelworse．Tinybabiesaretiringbutatleasttheygotobed．Whenwillthisparentingend?Never,itseems．Ireadthattwomillionyoungadultsarestillstealingthelastbreadfromtheirparents'kitchen．Andsomearenoteventhatyoung:around500,000aregreatmiddle-agedbetween35and44．Clearlythechallengeofthenextdecadewillbetorethinkintergeneradonalliving．TheessentialpartofLordMandy'sbrochure,aimedatparentsunexpectedlyburdenedwithjoblessyoungadults,saysthattheirlackofindependenceisproofofourfailure．"Ifyouaremakinglifetoocomfortableathome,whywouldtheygetajob?"asksLordMandy．OurlittlekingswillneverearnmoneybythemselveswhilewetreatthemtoanOcadodelivery,fulllaundryserviceandsurround-soundTV．Wehavecreatedadependency（依賴）culturerighthereunderourownroofs,hesays．Icouldn'tagreemore．Besides,althoughthecauseofsomanyyoungadultsdependingonparentsmaybetherecession（經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退）,itisalsotheby-productofhighereducationpolicy．Ifwewant50percentofkidstogotocollege,therewillneverbeenoughroomtoputthemin．Alreadyafifthofstudentscompletethedegreeslivingathome．Whywouldtheymoveoutwhennewlyunemployed?Whateverthereasonsare,youngadultsshouldmakealivingontheirown．Anyway,weshouldnotjustbecomehotelparentsforouradultchildren,whichmightmakeitlesspossibleforthemtostandontheirownfeet．67．ThroughtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1,theauthortriestoshowus____． A．howdifficultitistoraisethebaby B．smallbabiesneedtosleepalot C．howtiringitistolookafteradultchildren D．a(chǎn)dultsareunwillingtogotobed68．AccordingtoLordMandy,whatleadstoadultchildren'slivingundertheparents'roof? A．Unemploymentandtherecession．B．Thedependencyculturebuiltbyparents． C．Freelaundryservice．D．Theby-productofhighereducationpolicy．69．Intheauthor'sopinion,______． A．itisessentialthatyoungadultslookaftertheirparents B．itisnecessaryforyoungadultstoliveanindependentlifeC．itisreasonableforyoungadultstodependontheirparents D．itishardtounderstandwhyyoungadultsrelyontheirparents70．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?Formanybusinessmenonlineeducationhasbeenadream.Nowithascometrue.Theinvestment(投資)inhighereducation,whetherfinancialorintermsoftime,haslongbeenimpossibleformanyofthem.Butwell-knowneducationalinstitutionshavechosentodeliveraninternet-basedprogram,andthesebarriershavebeenlifted.Thatisgoodnewsforpeopleeagertoimprovethemselvesandismoreattractivetoemployers.Itisalsoabenefittoindustrywithbetterqualifiedcandidatesapplyingforjobsateverylevel.Havingthebenefitsofahigherqualificationwithoutgoingtotheuniversitycampusisattractivetomanystudents.Campusstudymeansgreatercost,whileonlineprogramsareflexibleandsavetime,whetherathomeoratwork.StudentscanachievetheirdegreeswithoutcausingtoomuchdisruptiontotheircareerorhomelifeInadditiontoaffordable,flexibleclassesandgreaterconvenience,studentsalsohaveaccesstotheonlinelearningresourcesofmanyoftheworld’stopeducationalinstitutions.Theycanalsocommunicatewiththeirtutorsnomatterwhattimeitisorwhethereitherpartyisawayforanyreason.Thishasopenedupthepossibilityofgettingaqualificationfromauniversityorcollegethatmanystudentscouldonlyhavedreamedofinthepast.Italsoallowsspecialiststogettheprecisequalificationsandfocusontheirstudies.Aswellasseeingtheincreaseofapplicantsfromlower-incomesandhousewives,studyingonlineintheUSisevenbecomingpopularwithyoungerpeopleofcollegeage.Employershavebecomeincreasinglywelcomeandpositivetoonlinequalificationsasmorecandidatesearnthem,especiallyifthey’reproperlyapprovedbytheUSDepartmentofEducation.USinstitutionshaveledthewayinonlineeducationprovision.ManytopUScollegesanduniversitiesofferarangeofonlineprogramsthatarehighlyrespectedandineverywayperfectlyfitforadultswhoneedtocombinetheirstudieswithaworkinglife.63.AccordingtoParagraph1,manyUScollegesanduniversities.A.havebeguntoliftthebarrierstofinancialinvestmentB.havebeguntorunaninternet-basedprogramC.havehadadreamofofferingonlineeducationD.havegainedfinancialinvestment64.Whydopeoplechooseonlineeducation?A.Theycanfindjobsmoreeasilythanon-campusgraduates.B.TheycangetqualificationsfromUSDepartmentofEducation.C.Theycansavemoneyandarrangetheirtimeandcoursesfreely.D.Theycaninvestmoneyindifferentcoursesprovidedonline.65.Theunderlinedword“disruption’’inthethirdparagraphprobablymean.A.dissatisfactionB.attentionC.attractionD.interruption66.Whichwouldbeagoodtitleforthepassage?A.AdultEducationOnlineB.TheBestofUSA’sOnlineEducationC.TopUSUniversitiesOfferingOnlineEducationD.OnlineEducationTakingthePlaceofCampusEducation【押題6】說(shuō)明文也是高考閱讀理解中的?？俭w裁。Tykoonisanonlinewebsitethatallowsyoutoteachyourchildfinancialprinciplesthroughallowances,assignmentoftasksanddailychores.Astheparent,youcanassignacashvaluetothethingsyouwantyourchildtodo.Then,yourchildcangoin,acceptthetaskandaddtotheirwishlistofwhattheywouldliketopurchasewiththemoneythattheyearn.Let’sstartwiththeparentsideofthings.Theparentmustbetheonetosetuptheaccount.Yousimplyenteryourinformationandyourchild’sinformationtogetstarted.Youarethenabletoassign