人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 UNIT 4 SHARING

UNIT4SHARING基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.parceln.包裹vt.裹好；打包2.mailn.郵件；郵政vt.郵寄；發(fā)電郵給3.secondaryadj.中學(xué)的；次要的4.chorusn.合唱曲；合唱團(tuán)vt.合唱；齊聲說(shuō)5.uniformn.校服；制服adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的6.rigidadj.死板的；固執(zhí)的7.shadevt.給……遮擋（光線）；加燈罩n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分8.wrinklevt.&vi.（使臉上）起皺紋；皺起n.皺紋9.housingn.住房；住宅10.platformn.平臺(tái)；站臺(tái)；舞臺(tái)11.dragvt.拖；拽vt.&vi.緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)12.privilegen.優(yōu)惠待遇；特權(quán)13.resignvi.&vt.辭職；辭去14.latelyadv.最近；近來(lái)15.inputn.情況；信息；輸入vt.輸入Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.dustn.沙土；灰塵vi.&vt.擦灰→dustyadj.布滿灰塵的2.rubvt.&vi.擦；摩擦→rubbern.橡皮；黑板擦；橡膠3.chemistryn.化學(xué)→chemicaladj.化學(xué)的→chemistn.化學(xué)家；藥劑師；藥房4.ripeadj.成熟的；時(shí)機(jī)成熟的→ripenvt.&vi.（使）成熟5.disablevt.使傷殘；使無(wú)效→disabledadj.有殘疾的；喪失能力的→disabilityn.缺陷；障礙6.deservevt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受→deservingadj.值得的；應(yīng)得的7.consultvt.咨詢；請(qǐng)教→consultationn.咨詢；咨詢會(huì)→consultantn.顧問(wèn)8.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；牢固的→stabilityn.穩(wěn)定（性）；穩(wěn)固（性）→unstableadj.不穩(wěn)定的Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.clayn.黏土；陶土2.weedn.雜草；野草vt.&vi.除雜草3.tabletn.平板電腦；便箋本；藥片4.bubblevi.起泡；沸騰5.tuben.管子；管狀物6.circusn.馬戲團(tuán)7.hutn.簡(jiǎn)陋的小房子（或棚、舍）8.fireplacen.壁爐9.doorwayn.門口；出入口10.leftoveradj.吃剩的；殘留的n.吃剩的食物；遺留物11.handshaken.握手12.plugvt.封堵；補(bǔ)足n.堵塞物；插頭；插座13.tunen.曲調(diào)；曲子vt.調(diào)音；調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)頻道14.contractvt.感染（疾病）；與……訂立合同（或契約）n.合同；契約15.criterionn.（pl.criteria）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；原則Ⅳ.核心短語(yǔ)——明搭配1.nottomention更不用說(shuō)；且不說(shuō)2.take...forgranted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì)……不予重視3.praythat但愿4.upsidedown顛倒，翻轉(zhuǎn)5.achorusof齊聲；異口同聲Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會(huì)運(yùn)用1.Thereisnoequipment，andsincethereisn’tevenawashroom，ifIneedwaterIhavetocarryitfrommyhouseinabasin?。╯ince引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句）沒有設(shè)備，甚至因?yàn)闆]有洗手間，我如果需要水的話，還得從家里用盆帶水過(guò)來(lái)！2.TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboysachemistryexperimentwhen，beforeIknewit，themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttubespillingeverywhere?。╞edoing...when...）前幾天，我正在給男孩們演示化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在我反應(yīng)過(guò)來(lái)之前，混合物從試管里冒出泡來(lái)，濺得到處都是！3.AnotherteacherandIwalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—first，upamountainfromwherewehadfantasticviews，andthendownashadedpathtothevalleybelow.（fromwhere...）我和另一位老師步行兩個(gè)半小時(shí)才到達(dá)那里——首先，爬上一座山，我們從山上欣賞了極美的景色，然后沿著陰涼的小路走到下面的山谷。4.Tombe’sfather，Mukap，amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead，ledustohishouse，alow，roundbamboohutwithnowindows，withadoorjustbigenoughtogetthrough，andwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof—thisshowsitisaman’shouse.（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）湯貝的父親莫卡普長(zhǎng)著一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)的下巴，額頭布滿皺紋。他把我們帶到他家，那是一座低矮的圓形竹屋，沒有窗戶，只有一扇門，剛好夠一個(gè)人過(guò)去。草從屋頂探出來(lái)，表明這是一個(gè)男人住的房子。5.Now，notonlyareTanzanianshelpedbythehospital，butpeopleinneighbouringcountriesarehelpedaswell.（notonly位于句首引起的倒裝）現(xiàn)在，不僅坦桑尼亞人在這家醫(yī)院得到了幫助，周邊國(guó)家的人民也得到了幫助。語(yǔ)境自測(cè)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Checkcarefullythename，addressandphonenumberontheparcel（包裹）beforesendingitout.2.Myfatherwasafairlyrigid（固執(zhí)的）person.Ittookmemuchefforttopersuadehimtolivewithus.3.Wavingtohisfriends，hesteppeddownfromthetrainontotheplatform（平臺(tái)）.4.Mykneesacheduetotherainyweather.That’swhyIhaven’tbeensleepingwelllately（最近）.5.It’smyprivilegetospeakhereonbehalfofourschool.6.Actually，IdoknowIneedtodragmyselfawayfromtheonlineworldsometimes，especiallybecausereallifecanbejustasinteresting.7.InChina，manysecondaryschoolsrequestthatstudentsshouldwearuniformstoschool.8.Lookingatthewrinklesnexttohiseyes，IsuddenlyrealizedthatDadhadaged.9.Inouryardstandsabigtree.Weusuallyhaveourmealsintheshadeofthetreeatnoon.10.Josephresignedfromthecompany，intendingtosetuphisownbusiness.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.AterriblediseasedisabledLisa’srighthand.However，thedisabilitydidn’tstopherfromreceivingeducation.Thedisabledgirllearnedtowritewithherlefthandandgotamaster’sdegreeinliteratureat27.（disable）2.ZhangGuimeidevotesherlifetoadeservingcause—providingeducationforgirlsinthemountains.Shefullydeservesourrespect.（deserve）3.Mymotherconsultedanutritionistaboutmygrowthyesterdayafternoon.Aftertheconsultation，mymothergotapersonaldiet.（consult）4.ThefirsttimeIsawtheexperimentofdryice，Idevelopedagreatinterestinchemistry.ImadeupmymindthentobeagreatchemistlikeJohnDaltonwhenIgrewup.（chemical）5.Ourcarwasdrivingalongthedustycountryroad，sendingupcloudsofdustintotheair，whichblockedourview.（dust）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子nottomention takeforgrantedupsidedown praythat1.Ipraythatmygrandmotherwillsoonrecoverfromherillness.2.Toenrichourliterature，theschoollibraryhassubscribedtolotsofmagazinesinforeignlanguages，nottomentionthoseinChinese.3.IwasamazedthatvirtuallymanythingsItookforgrantedinmyhometownjustdidn’thappeninLondon.4.Toremovetheplant，turnthepotupsidedownandtapgentlyonthebottomtoloosenit.Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.少去快餐店，因?yàn)榭觳湍茏屇泱w重快速增加。（since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句）Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften，sincefastfoodmakesyouputonweightquickly.2.上周五我正在操場(chǎng)上散步，這時(shí)墻上的一則通知引起了我的注意。（bedoing...when...）LastFriday，Iwaswalkingintheplaygroundwhenanoticeonthewallcaughtmyattention.3.最后，我們到達(dá)了山頂，從那里我們可以欣賞到壯麗的景色。（fromwhere...）Finally，wereachedthetopofthemountain，fromwherewecouldenjoysplendidscenery.4.隨著時(shí)間的推移，越來(lái)越多的人開始意識(shí)到保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的重要性。（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）Withtimegoingby，moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheimportanceofprotectingwildlife.5.通過(guò)積極參加各種團(tuán)體活動(dòng)，你不僅會(huì)玩得開心，而且有機(jī)會(huì)結(jié)交有共同興趣的朋友。（notonly位于句首引起的倒裝）Bytakinganactivepartinvariousgroupactivities，notonlywillyouenjoyyourselfbutyoucanalsohavechancestomakefriendswithcommoninterests.Thevillage’sprimaryschoolstandsattheendofthedustyroad.Studentsstudywithoutthingswetakeforgranted，suchaspens，textbooks，nottomentioncottonuniforms.Theonlyteacherisdisabled，withadisabilityinhisleftleg.Despitethedisability，hestandsontheplatformtogivelessonsthewholeday.Atnight，afterdragginghimselfhome，hechecksthehomeworkinhislittlehutshadedbyhightrees.Hardasitis，heneverthinksaboutresigning.Hefeelsitisaprivilegetosendthechildrentosecondaryschoolinthetown.Hepraysthatmorechildrencouldgooutofthemountain.Hefullydeservesrespect.Lately，oneofhisstudents，Joe，camebackasachemist.Joehasdecidedtochangethevillagewitheveryeffort.1shadevt.給……遮擋（光線）；加燈罩；把……涂暗n.陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分；色度1.結(jié)合語(yǔ)境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的詞性及含義①VanGogh’ssunflowerpaintingsareamonghismostfamous，inwhichheuseddifferentshadesofyellow. n.色度②Whenitwastimetohavelunch，wehadapicnicundertheshadeofsometreesandappreciatedthegiftofnature. n.陰涼處③Sheshadedhereyesagainstthesunshine. vt.給……遮擋（光線）2.盡管我努力了，但她的作品使我的作品黯然失色。HardasItried，herworkputmineintheshade.（as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）★intheshade（of...）在（……的）陰涼處putsb./sth.intheshade使某人或某物黯然失色/相形見絀2drag（dragged；dragged；dragging）vt.拖；拽vt.&vi.緩慢而費(fèi)力地移動(dòng)1.Thenextmorning，hearrivedschoolearly，dragging（drag）hisbagbehindhim.2.當(dāng)我們拖著身子下山回家時(shí)，我的肌肉酸痛，膝蓋顫抖。 （讀后續(xù)寫之動(dòng)作描寫）Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome.3.外面太冷了。我總算艱難地從床上爬了起來(lái)，仍然睡眼惺忪。Itwassocoldoutside.Imanagedtodragmyselfoutofbed，stillhalfasleep.★dragoneselfdown/to/outof...費(fèi)力地走下/到/出……drag...outof...把……從……中拖出來(lái)3disabledadj.有殘疾的；喪失能力的1.[北師必修②－6]Reevebecameapassionateandenergeticadvocateforpeoplewithbackinjuriesanddisabilities（disable），raisingmillionsofdollarsinsupportofmedicalresearch.2.[人教必修③－4]Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstand（understand）howtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.3.Theillnessdisabled（disable）thegirlandleftherunable（able）todanceandwork.4.Thedesignersmadegreateffortstomakesurethatthedisabled（disable）haveaccesstothefacilitiesastherestofus.★disablevt.使殘疾，使喪失能力disabilityn.殘疾；障礙disabledadj.喪失能力的，有殘疾的★ableadj.有能力的；能干的→unableadj.未能，無(wú)法→abilityn.能力beabletodosth.能夠做某事havetheabilitytodosth.有能力做某事★enablevt.使能夠enablesb.todosth.使某人有能力做某事4deservevt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受1.TheWeasleyfamilydevotemuchtimeandfundstoadeserving（deserve）cause—teachingdeafkidsskillstoearnaliving.2.無(wú)論一份工作多么普通，它都值得我們尊重，因?yàn)槊恳环莨ぷ鞫荚谏鐣?huì)中發(fā)揮著作用。Nomatterhowordinaryajobis，itdeservesourrespect，becauseeveryjobplaysapartinthesociety.3.知道你要去中國(guó)旅游，我列了一些值得去的景點(diǎn)。 （推介信）→①KnowingthatyouaregoingtotravelinChina，Ihavemadealistofattractionsthat/whichdeservevisiting/tobevisited.（定語(yǔ)從句，visitv.）→②KnowingthatyouaregoingtotravelinChina，Ihavemadealistofattractionsdeservingavisit.（分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，visitn.）★deservetodosth.值得/應(yīng)該做某事deservedoing/deservetobedone值得被做deserveit（口語(yǔ)）活該，自作自受★deservingadj.值得的，值得幫助的5take...forgranted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì)……不予重視1.我們總是理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為地球可以為我們提供無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的自然資源，因此我們過(guò)度開發(fā)資源。 （保護(hù)地球）Wealwaystakeitforgrantedthattheearthcanprovideuswithlimitlessnaturalresources，soweover-exploittheresources.（it作形式賓語(yǔ)）2.沒人認(rèn)真對(duì)待我的投訴，真讓我惱火。 （投訴信）Itreallyannoyedmethatnoonetookmycomplaintseriously.（it作形式主語(yǔ)）3.不要把父母為你做的事情當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然。Don’ttakeforgrantedwhatyourparentsdoforyou.★takeitforgrantedthat...，其中it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面that引導(dǎo)的從句?！飔akesth.seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事takeiteasy別著急；放輕松take...forexample拿……舉例6"介詞＋關(guān)系副詞"引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.Thechildhidbehindthedoor，fromwherehestaredattheguestsinsideandout.2.IgraduatedfromtheBeijingNormalUniversityin2012，sincewhenIhaveworkedasateacherinmyhometown.★fromwhere常用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在意義上相當(dāng)于andfromhere/there?！?介詞＋關(guān)系詞"引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，一般用關(guān)系代詞而不用關(guān)系副詞，比較特殊的有fromwhere和sincewhen。Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯(cuò)動(dòng)詞變形1.[2020新高考Ⅱ]Clutching（抓牢）thebabytohischestanddragging（drag）theboyalongside，Grantrandownthehallway.2.[2020北京]Sowejusttakeitforgrantedthatheneedsnosupervision（指導(dǎo)）formanaginghisstuff.3.[2020天津]It’sbeenyearssincetheyweredusty（dust）littleroomswithbooks.4.[北京高考]"Ijustlovedriving，andIlovethesekids，"Wilsonsaid."It’ssuchaprivilegetobe（be）apartofthesekids’lives，evenjustforafewhours，gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories."5.[天津高考]Ihadalearningdisability（disable）fromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelp.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.陰涼處 B.色度C.一點(diǎn)，略微①[2021全國(guó)Ⅲ]Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue. B②[2020天津]BeforeVinniecouldsayyes，thePresidenthurriedon，ashadeofapologyinhisvoice. C③[全國(guó)Ⅰ]Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.A2.A.站臺(tái) B.平臺(tái) C.講臺(tái)①[2021全國(guó)甲]Eachyear，thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.B②[2020全國(guó)Ⅰ]Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms. A③[廣東高考]Sallywalkedontotheplatform，pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteontheblackboard："Rule1：Wearefamily！"C3.[2023全國(guó)乙]Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld，ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity，youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone，becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts，whilemostoftheworld，formostofthetime，hasnot.v.特別優(yōu)待4.[2020江蘇]Youcanbetheonewhodirectstheconversationtofuntopicsthatareripeforotherstoaddhumor. adj.適宜的5.[天津高考]Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden，carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers. v.除雜草Ⅲ.寫作——基礎(chǔ)寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎(chǔ)寫作——圖書分享活動(dòng)B是一個(gè)面向全球的圖書分享網(wǎng)站。該網(wǎng)站組織的分享活動(dòng)有兩種參與方式：一是自由分享（wildrelease），即把書放在指定地點(diǎn)，由其他參與者自由獲??；二是定向分享（controlledrelease），即直接傳遞給另一位參與者。假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)用英文寫信申請(qǐng)參加。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：·表明寫信目的·選擇一種分享方式·簡(jiǎn)述做出該選擇的理由·希望了解更多信息◎?qū)懽饕c(diǎn)1.最近，我碰巧了解到你們分享圖書的活動(dòng)。（lately）Lately，Ihappenedtolearnaboutyouractivityofsharingbooks.2.這個(gè)活動(dòng)提供了連接世界各地讀者的平臺(tái)。（platform）Thisactivityoffersaplatformtoconnectreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.3.我從中學(xué)起就喜歡讀書，并想要與有共同愛好的人分享圖書。（secondary）Ihavebeenfondofreadingsincesecondaryschool，andIfeellikesharingbookswithpeoplewhohavethesameinterest.4.我希望能有幸加入你們。（privilege）Ihopetohavetheprivilegetojoinyou.◎連句成篇請(qǐng)運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點(diǎn)串聯(lián)成一篇語(yǔ)意連貫的短文。DearSirorMadam，Lately，Ihappenedtolearnaboutyouractivityofsharingbooks，whichoffersaplatformtoconnectreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Iamwritingtoapplytoparticipate.Ihavebeenfondofreadingsincesecondaryschool，andIfeellikesharingbookswithpeoplewhohavethesameinterest，soIhopetohavetheprivilegetojoinyou.Ofthetwowaystosharebooks—wildreleaseandcontrolledrelease—thelatterwinsmyfavour.Bymeansofcontrolledrelease，Icannotonlysharebookswithotherparticipants，butalsoexchangeideaswiththem.Ifyoucouldprovidemorespecificinformationforme，Iwouldbeverygrateful.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——?jiǎng)幼髅鑼懼鞣N"速度"積累背誦仿寫運(yùn)用單詞slowly，quickly，fast，soon，swiftly，immediately/instantly/directly；quicken，slow根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.約瑟夫正在彈奏最后一節(jié)，這時(shí)一個(gè)中年男子放慢了腳步，往帽子里放了50美元。Josephwasplayinghislastchapterwhenamiddle-agedmansloweddownhispaceandput50dollarsintothehat.2.剎那間，他成功地接住了掉落的玻璃杯，沒讓它掉在地上。Inaflash，hemanagedtocatchthefallingglassbeforeithittheground.3.臉上帶著失望的神情，萊諾的媽媽嚴(yán)厲地對(duì)他說(shuō)："立刻關(guān)掉電視去寫作業(yè)。"Withadisappointedexpressiononherface，Leno’smothersaidsternlytohim，"TurnofftheTVimmediately/atonce/rightawayanddoyourhomework."4.走出家門后，我松了一口氣，以最快的速度向汽車站跑去。AfterIgotoutofthehouse，Ibreathedasighofreliefandrantowardthebusstopattopspeed.5.我竭盡全力加快速度，但突然摔倒在地上。Igatheredupmystrengthtospeedup/pickupspeedbutsuddenlyfelltotheground.詞組1.speedup/pickupspeed加快速度2.slowdown/reducespeed慢下來(lái)，減速3.rightaway/atonce/innotime/inaninstant立刻，馬上4.athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速5.inaflash轉(zhuǎn)瞬間，立即6.likethewind一陣風(fēng)似的，飛快地佳句1.Theathleteswiftlycrossedthefinishline，breakingthepreviousrecord.那名運(yùn)動(dòng)員迅速?zèng)_過(guò)終點(diǎn)線，打破了之前的紀(jì)錄。2.Thealarmwentoff，andthefirefightersimmediatelyrushedtothescene.警報(bào)器響了，消防員立即沖向現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。3.Suddenly，Johnsloweddownandsatontothegroundwithasharppain.Onspottinghispainfullook，Iranuptohimasfastasaboltoflightning.突然，約翰放慢了速度，坐在地上，感到一陣劇痛。一看到他痛苦的表情，我像閃電一樣飛快跑向他。一、閱讀理解A[志愿服務(wù)/2023江蘇蘇北七市二模]WhenshefirstcametoBritainasarefugee（難民）fromNigeriasixyearsago，Kemihadathree-month-olddaughter，aroominasharedhouseand￡5.39tosurviveoneachday.Findingmoneyfornewclotheswasoutofthequestion.Afterfouryears，Kemiwasgrantedrefugeestatusandsecuredherfirstjobinterview—unsurprisingly，shehadnothingtowear.However，shewasreferredtoasmallsocialenterprisecalledGiveYourBest，whichaskedherhersizeandwhatkindofclothessheliked."Andtheygavemethreebeautifulshirts.Thoseclotheswerelikegoldtome.TheyaskedmewhatIactuallywanted.Thatmakesyoufeelvalued."TheinitiativewaslaunchedbySolEscobar，whohadspentseveralyearsvolunteeringatrefugeecampsinnorthernFrance.Afriendputherincontactwithahouseholdofrefugeewomenwhocouldn’taccessanyclothing.Escobarrealisedshehadsurplus（剩余）clothesshecoulddonate，andappealedtoherfriendsandnetworksforhelp.Shewasfloodedwithoffers，butdidn’twanttooverloadthewomenwithpotentiallyimproperclothing."SoIthought，ifItakephotosofalloftheseitemsandputthemonanInstagrampage，theycanallchoosethethingsthattheyactuallywant."Eighteenmonthslater，GiveYourBesthasprocessedalmost11，000itemsofclothing，andhasmorethan800refugeewomenapprovedto"shop"forfreeonitsvirtualshopfront.Itisaimingformuchmore，however.HavingreachedtheverylimitofdonationsandrequestsitcouldhandlethroughInstagram，theenterprisehasjustlaunchedanewdigitalplatformthatwillallowittohugelyupscale.Likethehugelysuccessfulclothingresaleapp，clothesarephotographedanduploadedtoGiveYourBest，wherecustomersselectthosetheylikeanddonorsthenposttheitem.Crucially，however，nomoneychangeshands.Aswellasgivingchoicetoitsusersandminimisingfashionwaste，Escobarsaysoneconsequencehasbeenthesmallbutintimate（親密的）connectionsestablishedbetweendonorandshopper.Manydonorschoosetoincludeasupportivenoteandasmallgift—hugelywelcomedbyrecipients（接受者），butalsoareminderthat"ontheothersideofyourpackage，there’sawomanwhoisyoursizeandhasyourfashionsense，becauseshe’sshoppingfromyourwardrobe（衣櫥）".本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了SolEscobar創(chuàng)立的企業(yè)GiveYourBest為難民提供免費(fèi)的衣服，并在捐贈(zèng)者和難民之間建立了親密的人際關(guān)系。1.What’sthepurposeoftheenterprise？A.Toofferjobtrainingtorefugees.B.Toprovidechildcareforrefugees.C.Togiverefugeesdignityofchoice.D.Tostrengthenrefugees’socialposition.解析C推理判斷題。由第二段內(nèi)容可知，GiveYourBest讓像Kemi一樣的難民可以根據(jù)自己的尺碼和喜好選擇衣服，這種做法給予了難民選擇的尊嚴(yán)，故選C項(xiàng)。2.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson？A.Howtheenterprisesurvived.B.Howtheenterpriseadvertised.C.Howtheenterprisewasnamed.D.Howtheenterprisewasinitiated.解析D段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，本段主要講是的企業(yè)GiveYourBest是如何創(chuàng)立的，故選D項(xiàng)。3.Whatdowelearnabouttheenterprisefromthetext？A.Itiswarmlyreceived.B.Itisdifficulttooperate.C.Itmakeshugeprofits.D.Itneedstobemorecreative.解析A推理判斷題。由第四段中的"Eighteenmonthslater，GiveYourBesthasprocessedalmost11，000itemsofclothing，andhasmorethan800refugeewomenapprovedto‘shop’forfreeonitsvirtualshopfront"可推知，企業(yè)GiveYourBest深受歡迎，故選A項(xiàng)。4.Whatdoestheenterprisebringtoitsdonorsandrecipients？A.Enjoyableshoppingexperiences.B.Asenseofsocialresponsibility.C.Closeinterpersonalrelationships.D.Agoodinsightintothefashiontrend.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的"Aswellasgivingchoicetoitsusersandminimisingfashionwaste，Escobarsaysoneconsequencehasbeenthesmallbutintimate（親密的）connectionsestablishedbetweendonorandshopper"可知，GiveYourBest讓捐贈(zèng)者和接受者建立了親密的人際關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)。B[2024天星原創(chuàng)]RobinHoodfamouslystolefromtherichandgavetothepoor.Newlyhatchedyoungbarnowls（倉(cāng)鸮）dosomethingsimilar.Onaverage，barnowlsraisesixchicksatonce—andsometimesasmanyasnine.Buttheydon’tallhatchatthesametime，whichmeanstheolderowlsaregenerallylargerandhealthierthantheiryoungerbrothersandsisters.Aslongasthelittleowlsremaininthenest，they’recompletelydependentontheirparentsforfood.Inmanybirds，theoldestwouldsimplyoutcompetetheyoungest，butbarnowlsaredifferent.Itturnsoutthattheolder，healthierbirdssometimessharetheirmealswiththeirhungrysiblings（兄弟姐妹）."Inchicks，itisreallyrarelyobserved.Soit’squiteimpressivethatinthisgroup，thereisbehaviorshowingtheyworktogether，"addedevolutionarybiologistPaulineDucouretfromtheUniversityofLausanneinSwitzerland.Sheandherteamwantedtoknowhowthisuniquebehaviorevolved.Itcouldbeexplainedbythedirectbenefitsgainedthroughgroupwork，suchassharingfoodforgrooming（梳毛）.Oritcouldbeexplainedbytheindirectbenefitsgainedfromhelpingothersthatarecloselyrelated—alsoknownas"kinselection".Theyfoundthattheanswerwasboth.Youngerbirdsgroomedolderonesmoreoftenthanolderonesgroomedtheyoungsters.Andinreturn，theolderbirdsfedtheiryoungersiblings.Inaddition，olderowlswouldofferfoodtotheirhungrysiblingsratherthaneatthemselves，evenintheabsenceofgrooming.Ducouretsaidthatevolutionarybiologistsusuallycharacterizesiblingrelationshipsascompetitiveorevenopposed.Butremarkablycomplexexamplesofgroupworkcanstillbefoundamonganimalbrothersandsisters.Itseemsthatevennewlyhatchedbarnowlsknowthatsharingiscaring.Sothinktwicebeforedoingsomethingselfish.Afterall，youdon’twanttobedefeatedbyanewlyhatchedbird.本文是說(shuō)明文。人們極少在雛鳥身上觀察到合作和共享行為。因此，倉(cāng)鸮這一物種的合作和共享行為令人印象相當(dāng)深刻，研究人員對(duì)此展開了研究。【詞語(yǔ)積累】hatchv.（使）孵出，孵化n.新孵出的幼崽outcompetev.（在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中）勝出，（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力）超過(guò)evolutionaryadj.進(jìn)化的，演變的youngstern.幼小動(dòng)物，年輕人characterizev.描述，刻畫，表現(xiàn)（……的特征、特點(diǎn)）remarkablyadv.驚人地，非凡地1.Whatdoweknowaboutthelittlebarnowls？A.Theyarefedbyparentsinthenest.B.Theyarehatchedatthesametime.C.Theyhuntforfoodsoonafterhatching.D.Theycompetewithsiblingsforfood.解析A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的"Aslongasthelittleowlsremaininthenest，they’recompletelydependentontheirparentsforfood"可知，只要小倉(cāng)鸮還待在巢里，它們就完全依賴父母喂食，故A項(xiàng)正確。2.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphserveas？A.Theexplanationofkinselection.B.Abackgroundofresearchers’study.C.Thecommentonbarnowls’behavior.D.Anintroductionofbarnowls’livinghabits.解析B推理判斷題。由第三段內(nèi)容，尤其是"Sheandherteamwantedtoknowhowthisuniquebehaviorevolved"可知，研究人員認(rèn)為，這種現(xiàn)象在雛鳥身上很少被觀察到，所以小倉(cāng)鸮的合作行為就非常讓人印象深刻。他們想知道這種獨(dú)特的行為是如何進(jìn)化形成的。由此可推知，第三段主要介紹的是研究人員進(jìn)行研究的背景。3.Whatistheauthor’stoneinthelastparagraph？A.Worried. B.Serious.C.Amazed. D.Humorous.解析D推理判斷題。最后一段提到，似乎連剛孵化的小倉(cāng)鸮都知道分享就是關(guān)心，所以在做一些自私的事情之前要三思而后行。畢竟，你也不想被一只剛孵化出來(lái)的鳥打敗。由此可知，作者在最后一段使用了比較幽默的方式來(lái)行文，故D項(xiàng)正確。4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.SiblingRelationshipsAreImportantforBarnOwlsB.BarnOwlsAreFoundtoBeGoodatStealingFoodC.BarnOwlBabiesCanBeHelpfulHatchMatesD.GroomingIsaLanguageAmongBarnOwls解析C標(biāo)題歸納題。由全文內(nèi)容，尤其是由第四段的"Theyfoundthattheanswerwasboth.Youngerbirdsgroomedolderonesmoreoftenthanolderones...evenintheabsenceofgrooming"可知，文章主要介紹了倉(cāng)鸮雛鳥的合作行為。C項(xiàng)（倉(cāng)鸮雛鳥可能是對(duì)新孵出的幼崽有幫助的同伴）概括了文章主要內(nèi)容，且表達(dá)形象貼切，做本文標(biāo)題最佳。二、七選五[2023湖北武漢統(tǒng)考]Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhendecidingtoserveanotheristhatserviceexpectsnorewards.Whenyouexpectsomethinginreturn，andarenotservingoutofthegoodnessofyourheart，otherswillnotice.Surethey’llthankyou.1Whenyougivefromyourheart，therealpowerofservicecomesintoplay.Servingisagreatopportunitytostrengthenyourtrustandrespectforanother，andforthemtodothesametoyou.Notonlydoyoufeelgreatabouthelpingout，butyoubuildyourrelationshipwiththem，andtheywillfeelmorewillingtohelpyouinthefuture.2However，whyisservicesorarelyseenthesedays？3Sure，livinginthisdayandagedoesnotleaveusmuchtime，andthelastthingpeoplewanttodoismorework."I’mtoobusy，there’stoomuchwork，orIdon’thavethetime"mayrunthroughyourheadwhenyouhearthewordservice，butthetruthisthebenefitsareworththesacrifice.Gandhioncesaid，"Thebestwaytofindyourselfistoloseyourselfintheserviceofothers."4Someideasofplacesyoucanservearevolunteercenters，nursinghomes，andsoon.Youcanservepeopleaslongasyouwantto.5Althoughitdoestakesomework，thebenefitsarewellworththesacrifice.Notonlydoyoufeelbetteraboutmakinganother’sdayalittlelessstressful，butyoustrengthenyourrelationshipwiththemandtheywillbemorewillingtohelpyouinthefuture.A.It’sawin-winsituation.B.Serviceissimple.C.Overall，serviceandselflesslygivingtoothersisverypowerfulandhasmanybenefits.D.Andtheywillofferyouworseservice.E.Serviceisacomplexevent.F.Theproblemis，there’salwaysanexcusenottoserve.G.Buttheservicebecomesmoreofasituation，"I’lldothisforyouifyoudothisforme".本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞對(duì)他人的服務(wù)展開。1.G上文提示"當(dāng)你期望得到回報(bào)，而不是出于好心去服務(wù)，別人會(huì)注意到的。當(dāng)然他們會(huì)感謝你的"。G項(xiàng)（但服務(wù)更像是這樣一種情況，"如果你為我做這件事，我就會(huì)為你做這件事"）與上文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。2.A上文提到"幫助別人你不僅會(huì)感覺很好，而且你還和他們建立了關(guān)系，他們將來(lái)會(huì)更愿意幫助你"。A項(xiàng)（這是一個(gè)雙贏的局面）是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)。3.FF項(xiàng)道出了"However，whyisservicesorarelyseenthesedays？"的原因所在。4.B上文提到"找到自我的最好方法就是全身心地投入到為他人服務(wù)中"，再根據(jù)下文提到的"你可以服務(wù)的地方有志愿者中心、養(yǎng)老院等等"可知，B項(xiàng)放在此處能起到承上啟下的作用。5.C下文提到"雖然這確實(shí)需要付出一些努力，但付出的代價(jià)是值得的"。C項(xiàng)（Overall，serviceandselflesslygivingtoothersisverypowerfulandhasmanybenefits）放在此處能很好地與下文銜接。三、完形填空[2024河北衡水武強(qiáng)中學(xué)期中]Blanketscankeepyouwarmoncoldnightsorcleanandrelativelyant-freeonpicnics，butLucyBlaylockmakesblanketsforadifferentpurpose：to1peoplegoingthroughdifficulttimes.Shewantsherblanketstofeellikeabig，2hug.Lucylearnedtosewthreeyearsago，whenshewas8.Aftershe