2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)模塊素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE模塊素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)(Units1～5)(時(shí)間:120分鐘滿分:150分)聽力材料為老師用書獨(dú)具第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1W:Whatkindoffruitwouldyoulike,applesororanges?M:①Neither.Ipreferbananastoanythingelse.1.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Bananas.B.Apples.C.Oranges.答案:AText2M:②Youcanonlykeepthebooksfortwoweeks.W:Fine.I’llbecertaintoreturnthemontime.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalaboratory.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.答案:BText3W:Dad,Ican’tfindmycarkey.Idon’trememberwhereIputit.M:③Idon’tthinkyoucanfindit.Bobhastakenit.Heisusingyourcarnow.3.Whycan’tthegirlfindhercarkey?A.Becausesomeonehastakenit.B.Becausesheleftitinhercar.C.Becausesheforgotwhereshehadleftit.答案:AText4W:Whatareyougoingtodoforyoursummervacation?M:IplannedtogotoChinaandclimbtheGreatWall,④butI’llhavetostayathomeanddomyhomeworkbecausemyschoolreportisnotgoodatall.4.Whatwillthemandoduringthesummervacation?A.Makesomemoney. B.GototheGreatWall.C.Stayathomestudying.答案:CText5M:I’mreallytiredofthisweather.Rain,rain,rain.W:Don’tworry.⑤TheweatherreportsaysitwillbesunnyonFriday.Don’tforgettobringyourumbrellatoday.5.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonFriday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.答案:B其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6W:⑥Tomdoesn’tseemtobeinagoodmood.What’swrongwithhim?M:Helefthiswalletinthetaxi.Therewasacreditcardandonethousanddollarsinit.W:Whydidhehavesomuchcashonhim?M:⑦HewasgoingtolendthemoneytoLucy.W:Badluck.HasLucyheardaboutit?M:No.Tomdidn’twanttoupsether.Sohetoldhernothingaboutit.W:Don’tworry.Thetaxidrivermayfinditandreturnthewallettohim.6.HowdoesTomprobablyfeelnow?A.Sad.B.Excited.C.Moved.答案:A7.WhydidTomhavesomuchmoneyonhim?A.Becausehewantedtobuysomethingexpensive.B.BecausehewasgoingtolendthemoneytoLucy.C.BecausehewasgoingtoreturnthemoneytoLucy.答案:B聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7W:Listen!Somebodyinthenextroomispracticingthepiano.M:Itsoundsnice,doesn’tit?IwishIcouldplayamusicalinstrument.W:Ithoughtyoualreadydid.⑧Don’tyouplaytheviolin?M:⑧No,butmysisterdoes.Actually,sheisprettygoodatit.W:Itookguitarlessonsforacoupleofyears,butIneverlearnedverywell.Bytheway,whatsortofmusicdoyoulikelisteningto?M:Well,Ilikeallkindsofmusic,fromclassicalmusictopopmusic.W:Great!⑨IjustgotAdele’slatestCD.Let’slistentoittogether.M:⑨Thatsoundsgreat.IloveAdele’smusic.Hervoiceisamazing.8.Whatinstrumentdoestheman’ssisterplaywell?A.Thepiano. B.Theviolin.C.Theguitar.答案:B9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotogether?A.Takeguitarlessons. B.AttendAdele’sconcert.C.ListentoamusicCD.答案:C聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8M:Hello,Anna.Howwasyourexamyesterday?W:Itwasn’tverygood.I’mafraidIdon’tgetanAthistime.⑩TheexamwasharderthanIhadexpected.M:Well.Thefinalexamisusuallymoredifficult.Youshouldspendmoretimepreparingforit.Whydidn’tyoupreparewellforit?W:QUOTE?Ihadtwopart-timejobsthistermandhadtowork3hourseveryday.SoIhadlesstimeforstudy.M:Whydidyouspendsomuchtimeonyourwork?Remember,studyalwayscomesfirst.W:Iknow.ButIhavenochoice.Myfatherisoftenillthisyear.Ihavetoworktocovermyexpenses.M:Whynotapplyforascholarship?W:Ihave,butI’mstillwaiting.QUOTE?Bytheway,howisyournewbook?Doesitsellwell?M:Notaswellasthefirstone.ButIlikethisonebetter.10.Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheexam?A.Challenging. B.Easy. C.Interesting.答案:A11.Whatdidthewomanspendalotoftimeonthisterm?A.Enjoyingherlife. B.Gettingascholarship.C.Doingherpart-timejobs.答案:C12.Whatistheman?A.Awriter. B.Astudent. C.Ateacher.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:Hi,John.M:Hi,Jane,Ihaven’tseenyouforweeks.Howareyou?W:I’mfine.Thankyou.QUOTE?Infact,IwanttocallyoubecauseI’mgoingtohaveabirthdayparty.M:Oh,soundsgood.Whenisit?W:Well,I’mgoingtoholditonFriday,butMelissahasgottowork.Sohowdoesthenextdaysound?M:That’sgoodforme.NotSundaythough,becauseIhavetogetupearlythenextday.WQUOTE:?Great,Saturday,itisthen.M:Whattime?W:Well,Idon’twanttomakeittooearly.I’mgoingtogetdinnerreadyaround8o’clock,soI’maskingpeopletoarriveatabout7:00intheevening.M:OK,QUOTE?I’llbetherearoundaquarterpastseven,then.Doyouwantmetobringanything?Youknow,somewine,beermaybe?W:Well,MelissaandTomarebringingsomewine,andI’vegotplentyofbeerinthefridge.QUOTE?Orangejuicewouldbegood.M:OK,noproblem.Icanpicksomeupontheway.Seeyouthen.Bye.W:Bye.13.Whatpartywillthewomanhold?A.Aweddingparty. B.Agraduationparty.C.Abirthdayparty.答案:C14.Whenwillthewomanholdtheparty?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.答案:B15.Whattimewillthemanarrive?A.7:00pm. B.7:15pm. C.8:00pm.答案:B16.Whatwillthemantaketotheparty?A.Orangejuice. B.Wine. C.Beer.答案:A聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10M:Ihavetwoappletreesinthegarden.QUOTE?MydogHarrylovedapples.Whenhewentoutsideeveryday,he’dcatchanappleandtakeitintothehousetoeatlater.QUOTE?TheappleshadbeenonthegroundandwereoftendirtysoIwasn’talwayshappythatHarryhadbroughtthemintothehouse.ItwasanautumndayinAmerica,butitwasverycold.Aheavysnowfellandwehadnotdoneanythingforitscoming.Onthatspecialday,HarrywentoutsideandIwatchedhimthroughthewindow.QUOTE?Inoticedthathewasmadlydiggingholesandbringingtheapplestothegroundsotheycouldbeseenabovethesnow.Ididnotknowwhyhewasdoingthis.Heseemedtowanttodosomethingspecial.WhenIcalledhimback,hehadhisusualoneappleinhismouth.Aboutfiveminuteslater,Ilookedoutside.Thegardenwascompletelycoveredwithbirds.QUOTE?Harryhaddugupallthoseapplesforhisbirdfriendstoeat.Heknewthattheywouldn’thavestoredenoughfoodforthecomingwinter!17.WhatisHarry?A.Adog.B.Abird.C.Aboy.答案:A18.Whywasn’tthespeakeralwayshappy?A.Harrylovedapples.B.Harrybroughtthedirtyapplesintothehouse.C.Theapplesfellonthegroundandweredirty.答案:B19.WhatdidHarrydoonthesnowyday?A.Heateupalltheapples.B.Hedugholestoputtheapplesinthem.C.Hebroughttheapplesunderthesnowtotheground.答案:C20.Whydidthebirdsflytothegarden?A.TolookforHarry. B.Toeattheapples.C.Tomakenewhomes.答案:B其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAaptivDownloadAaptiv,takeaquickfitnessquizaboutyourgoals,andgetgoing.Theappwillsetyouupwithworkoutstodoonyourfavoritecardio(有氧的)machine,athomeonayogamat,oroutside.Wherethisappstandsout:Itpairsaudioinstructionsfrominstructorsandpersonaltrainerswithsongsyoulove—notboring,cannedbeats—soit’smoreengagingthanmostrecordedworkouts.It’sbasicallylikeyourfavoritecyclingclassinthepalmofyourhands.MyFitnessPalAnotherappthatpairsworkoutswithanutritionplan.Thisfreeapptracksyourpersonaldietandexercisetodeterminethebestcalorieintakebasedonyourbodytypeandworkouts.Itevengivesyoutheabilitytoscanfoodbarcodesorenterthembyhandtogetaccuratecalorieandnutrientcounts.MyFitnessPalisgreatathelpingpeoplebecomemoreawareoftheireatinghabits.Itmaynotbethemostaccurateattimes,butjustbyhavingpeoplebecomemoreconsciousofthefoodsanddrinksthey’reputtingintotheirbodyisahugewin.AmazonKindleKindleoffersawideselectionofbooks,magazinesandnewspapers,makingitoneofthemostpopulare-Bookreaderappsforsmartphonesandtablets.Youneedn’townaKindledevicetoenjoybooksthroughtheKindleapp;it’savailableonAndroidandIOSdevicestoo.Toincreasereadingpleasure,KindleispoweredbytechnologyfromAmazonthatallowsyoutosync(同步)yourlastreadpage,bookmarks,highlightsandnotesacrossalldevices;italsoincludesabuilt-indictionarythatmakesiteasytolookupnewwordswhilereading,andtheKindleappprovidesaccesstoGooglesearchandWikipediaaswell.【語(yǔ)篇概述】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了三款應(yīng)用程序的狀況。21.WhatfeaturemakesAaptivmostappealing?A.Itenablesyoutoexerciseasyouwish.B.Itallowsaquickfitnessquizaboutyourgoals.C.Itprovidesclassesofrunning,cyclingandyoga.D.Itofferstrainer-ledworkoutswithmusicyoulove.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段可知這款應(yīng)用的突出之處在于:它將教練和私人教練的音頻指令與你喜愛(ài)的歌曲搭配在一起,而不是枯燥乏味的錄制好的歌曲,因此它比大多數(shù)錄制的健身活動(dòng)更吸引人。由此可知,Aaptiv最吸引人的地方是它供應(yīng)以訓(xùn)練者為主導(dǎo)的訓(xùn)練,配上你喜愛(ài)的音樂(lè)。22.WhatdopeoplemostprobablydownloadMyFitnessPalfor?A.Exercisingwithrightdiets.B.Studyingeatinghabits.C.Trackingcalorieconsumption.D.Scanningfoodbarcodes.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段可知另一款應(yīng)用程序可以將熬煉和養(yǎng)分安排結(jié)合在一起。這個(gè)免費(fèi)的應(yīng)用程序可以跟蹤你的個(gè)人飲食和熬煉狀況,依據(jù)你的體型和熬煉狀況來(lái)確定最佳卡路里攝入量。它甚至可以讓你掃描食品條形碼,或者手動(dòng)輸入食品編碼,從而獲得精確的卡路里和養(yǎng)分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)。由此可知,人們下載MyFitnessPal最可能的目的是運(yùn)動(dòng)搭配正確的飲食。23.HowmanyadvantagesdoesKindlehaveforabetterreadingexperience?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段可知為了增加閱讀樂(lè)趣,Kindle采納了來(lái)自亞馬遜的技術(shù),允許你在全部設(shè)備上同步上一次閱讀的頁(yè)面、書簽、亮點(diǎn)和筆記;它還包括一個(gè)內(nèi)置的字典,使人們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)很簡(jiǎn)潔查找新單詞,Kindle應(yīng)用程序還供應(yīng)了谷歌搜尋和維基百科。由此可知,Kindle有3個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn),可以供應(yīng)更好的閱讀體驗(yàn)。BSandraCisneroswasborninChicagoin1954toaMexicanAmericanfamily.Astheonlygirlinafamilyofsevenchildren,sheoftenfeltlikeshehad“sevenfathers”,becausehersixbrothers,aswellasherfather,triedtocontrolher.Feelingshyandunimportant,sheretreated(躲避)intobooks.Despiteherloveofreading,shedidnotdowellinelementaryschoolbecauseshewastooshytoparticipate.Inhighschool,withtheencouragementofoneparticularteacher,Cisnerosimprovedhergradesandworkedfortheschoolliterarymagazine.Herfatherencouragedhertogotocollegebecausehethoughtitwouldbeagoodwayforhertofindahusband.Cisnerosdidattendcollege,butinsteadofsearchingforahusband,shefoundateacherwhohelpedherjointhefamousgraduatewritingprogramattheUniversityofIowa.Attheuniversity’sWriters’Workshop,however,shefeltlonely—aMexicanAmericanfromapoorneighborhoodamongstudentsfromwealthyfamilies.ThefeelingofbeingsodifferenthelpedCisnerosfindher“creativevoice”.“ItwasnotuntilthismomentwhenIconsideredmyselftrulydifferentthatmywritingacquiredavoice.IknewIwasaMexicanwoman,butIdidn’tthinkithadanythingtodowithwhyIfeltsomuchimbalanceinmylife,butithadeverythingtodowithit!That’swhenIdecidedIwouldwriteaboutsomethingmyclassmatescouldn’twriteabout.”Cisnerospublishedherfirstwork,TheHouseonMangoStreet,whenshewastwenty-nine.ThebooktalksaboutayoungMexicanAmericangirlgrowingupinaSpanish-speakingareainChicago,muchliketheneighborhoodsinwhichCisneroslivedasachild.Thebookwonanawardin1985andhasbeenusedinclassesfromhighschooltograduateschoollevel.Sincethen,Cisneroshaspublishedseveralbooksofpoetry,achildren’sbookandashort-storycollection.【語(yǔ)篇概述】這是一篇記敘文。在文章中作者為我們講解并描述了一個(gè)羞澀的小女孩是如何成長(zhǎng)為一位知名作家的故事,作者著重說(shuō)明白她獨(dú)特寫作風(fēng)格形成的緣由。24.WhatcanweknowaboutCisnerosinherchildhood?A.Herbrothersdislikedher.B.Shefeltherselfanobody.C.Shewastooshytogotoschool.D.Shedidnotmeetanygoodteachers.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的Feelingshyandunimportant,sheretreatedintobooks.可知,她感到羞澀和不重要,就躲進(jìn)了書堆里。由此可知,B選項(xiàng)的描述“她覺(jué)得自己是個(gè)無(wú)名小卒”符合文意。25.ThegraduateprogramgaveCisnerosachanceto________.

A.runawayfromherfamilyB.developherwritingstyleC.makealotoffriendsD.searchforahusband【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的ThefeelingofbeingsodifferenthelpedCisnerosfindher“creativevoice”.可知,這種別出心裁的感覺(jué)幫助西斯內(nèi)羅斯找到了她富有“創(chuàng)建性的聲音”。由此推斷出,探討生課程給了Cisneros一個(gè)形成寫作風(fēng)格的機(jī)會(huì)。26.AccordingtoCisneros,whatwasthekeyfactorinhersuccess?A.Herchildhoodexperience.B.HertrainingintheWorkshop.C.Herfeelingofbeingdifferent.D.Herearlyyearsincollege.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的ItwasnotuntilthismomentwhenIconsideredmyselftrulydifferentthatmywritingacquiredavoice.可知,直到這一刻,當(dāng)我認(rèn)為自己真的別出心裁時(shí),我的寫作才有了聲音。由此可知,依據(jù)Cisneros的說(shuō)法,她勝利的關(guān)鍵因素是她有了別出心裁的感覺(jué)。27.WhatdowelearnaboutTheHouseonMangoStreet?A.Itenjoysgreatpopularityamongstudents.B.ItisabookofpoetrywrittenbyCisneros.C.Itwasn’tasuccessasitwaswritteninSpanish.D.ItwonanawardwhenCisneroswastwenty-nine.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的Thebookwonanawardin1985andhasbeenusedinclassesfromhighschooltograduateschoollevel.可知,這本書在1985年獲得了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),從中學(xué)到探討生階段都在運(yùn)用。由此推斷出,TheHouseonMangoStreet在學(xué)生中很受歡迎。CIt’scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectancies(預(yù)期壽命)thanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.Somecitiesarehardontheircitizens.Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.Lackofinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)jamsthestreetswithcarsandtheairwithpollutants,andpeopleworklonghoursforlittlemoney.ThesearejustsomeofthefactorsconcludedbySpotahome,arentalagency.They’veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity(肥胖),greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld’shealthiestcities.ThelistiscertainlyEuro-centricbutcontinuoussunshineisseenasapositivething,evenifitmaybemoreofadisadvantageinotherregions.Butitdoesgosomewaytowardssuggestingwhichcitiesaregettingitrightinprovidingagoodlifefortheirinhabitants.ItmaynotbesurprisingtolearnthatmostofthehealthiestcitiesareinnorthernEurope,knownforitspeople-firstapproachtocityplanning.AustraliaandCanadaalsodowell—butAlaska,thefirstU.S.cityisonlyin34thplace.TheU.K.doesn’tfaretoowelleither—itsonlycityinthetop50listisLondon,in40th.Whetheryou’replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是說(shuō)明文。探討者們通過(guò)調(diào)查發(fā)覺(jué)城市規(guī)劃會(huì)影響居民的健康。通過(guò)對(duì)健康、綠化、壽命、陽(yáng)光等因素的評(píng)分,探討者們列出了一個(gè)世界上最健康的城市的清單。28.Whyaresomecitiesdifficulttoliveinaccordingtothetext?A.Theairisheavilypolluted.B.Thereisnocityplanning.C.Outdooractivitiesaren’tavailable.D.Publicplacesarelimited.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.得知,在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方,比如最近被經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫(kù)列出的拉各斯這個(gè)城市,公共空間很少,這使得戶外活動(dòng)很難進(jìn)行。由此可見(jiàn),公共空間有限使得一些城市很難居住。29.HowdidSpotahomelisttheworld’shealthiestcities?A.Byfiguringoutthecity’sgreenarea.B.Bygaininginformationviavariouspeople.C.Byanalyzingdifferentaspectsofthecities.D.Byselectingthosewiththehighestlifeexpectancy.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段They’veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity,greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld’shealthiestcities.得知,他們分析了一系列來(lái)源的數(shù)據(jù),包括世界衛(wèi)生組織,貓途鷹網(wǎng)和中情局世界概況,對(duì)每個(gè)城市的健康、預(yù)期壽命、肥胖、綠地和其他因素進(jìn)行評(píng)分,從而列出世界上最健康的城市名單。由此推知,Spotahome通過(guò)分析城市的不同方面列出了世界上最健康的城市名單。30.Whatdoesthelistaimtohelppeopledo?A.Formhealthyeatinghabits.B.Choosearightplaceforaholiday.C.Becomeawareofattractivenessofcities.D.Reflectthefutureofthecityplanning.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Whetheryou’replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.得知,無(wú)論你是在安排一個(gè)全面的假期還是簡(jiǎn)潔的想你的城市做什么會(huì)變得更好,這個(gè)列有500個(gè)最健康的城市的列表會(huì)讓你停下來(lái)思索。由此可知,這個(gè)清單目的是幫助你選擇合適的度假地點(diǎn)。31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)首段It’scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectanciesthanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.(眾所周知,一些國(guó)家的預(yù)期壽命比其他國(guó)家高,但你居住的城市也會(huì)影響你的健康)及下文對(duì)“城市規(guī)劃會(huì)影響居民健康的探討介紹”,再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.一篇日記;B.一本旅游指南;C.一部小說(shuō);D.一本雜志。由此得知,本文最可能來(lái)自于一本雜志?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往須要大量細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)信息的支持,這些細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要,同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生依據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章,以獲得某些特定的信息,或精確地尋求所需的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),并對(duì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行干脆或間接分辨和理解。文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為:(1)一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。(2)語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型。(3)語(yǔ)意理解型。(4)是非辨別型。(5)事實(shí)排序型。如第28小題,依據(jù)其次段Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.得知,在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方,比如最近被經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫(kù)列出的拉各斯這個(gè)城市,公共空間很少,這使得戶外活動(dòng)很難進(jìn)行。關(guān)鍵句publicspacesarefewandfarbetween公共空間稀有,由此可知,公共空間有限使得一些城市很難居住。故選D。DAteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techintegratedsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.“It’sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents(元件),”saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecomponents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit’sconnectedto,”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonadaytodaybasis.”【語(yǔ)篇概述】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是哈佛高校從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感,設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了第一款機(jī)器蒼蠅。文章介紹了該項(xiàng)探討存在的困難,探討將要發(fā)展的方向和該探討會(huì)帶來(lái)的好處。32.Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat________.

A.theyhadnomodelintheirmindB.theydidnothavesufficienttimeC.theyhadnoready-madecomponentsD.theycouldnotassemblethecomponents【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown”可知,類似這樣的項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)額外的困難就是,這些組成部件從來(lái)就沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的,我們不得不靠自己去開發(fā),從中可知,困難就是沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的組成部件。33.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs3and4thattheroboticflyer________.

A.consistsofaflightdeviceandacontrolsystemB.canjustflyinlimitedareasatthepresenttimeC.cancollectinformationfrommanysourcesD.hasbeenputintowideapplication【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield”可知,雖然第一架機(jī)器人飛行器與一個(gè)小型非機(jī)載電源相連,但最終目標(biāo)是為其配備一個(gè)內(nèi)置電源,以便有朝一日它可以在救援地點(diǎn)、農(nóng)田里或戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)收集工作。由此推知,目前由于電池等的限制,只能在有限的區(qū)域飛行。34.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Theroboticflyerisdesignedtolearnaboutinsects.B.Animalsarenotallowedinbiologicalexperiments.C.Thereusedtobefewwaystostudyhowinsectsfly.D.Wood’sdesigncanreplaceanimalsinsomeexperiments.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的itmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield可知,A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)中animalsarenotallowed是錯(cuò)的,應(yīng)當(dāng)是difficultwiththeanimals,即有些用動(dòng)物來(lái)做試驗(yàn)是困難的,不是不允許。C項(xiàng)在文中并沒(méi)有提到以前方法的多少,文中只是說(shuō)offersanewwaytostudy,供應(yīng)了新的方法,故解除C項(xiàng)。依據(jù)最終一段的youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,可知,用動(dòng)物探討生物學(xué)會(huì)很難,但是機(jī)器人可以取代動(dòng)物,所以在某些試驗(yàn)中,Wood的設(shè)計(jì)可以取代動(dòng)物。35.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FatherofRoboticFlyB.InspirationfromEngineeringScienceC.RoboticFlyImitatesRealLifeInsectD.HarvardBreaksThroughinInsectStudy【解析】選C。主旨大意題。由第一段“AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly”可知,短文主要介紹的是哈佛高校從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感,設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了第一款機(jī)器蒼蠅。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題是“機(jī)器蒼蠅仿照現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的昆蟲”,故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上,做出肯定的推理推斷,從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話,也可能是某幾句話,所以,推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息進(jìn)一步推出的答案:對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude,indicate等標(biāo)記性詞語(yǔ)。這種題型主要包括細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)推斷題、看法觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處推斷題和揣測(cè)想象推斷題。第33題,依據(jù)第三段的“Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems”可知A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。依據(jù)第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource”和“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”可知,目前由于電池等的限制,只能在有限的區(qū)域飛行。因此B項(xiàng)是正確的。依據(jù)第四段的“sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield”可知該飛行器是在someday(將來(lái)的某一天)才能從不同的地方收集信息,而不是現(xiàn)在,因此解除C項(xiàng)?？v觀全文,講解并描述的是該飛行器尚處于開發(fā)的初級(jí)階段,有很多地方須要改善,因此D項(xiàng)廣泛投入運(yùn)用是錯(cuò)誤的。綜上所述,33小題選B項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MysteryofEvolutionFollowingtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),alsonamedCOVID-19byWHO,thereisageneralfearoftheunknownvirusasitsfulleffectsremaintobeseen.Fever,coughing,sorethroat,difficultybreathing—theNCP’ssymptomsaresimilartothecommoncoldortheflu.Butit’spotentiallymoredangerous.Virusescouldbedeadly,likeHIVandEbola(埃博拉).Butwhatareviruses?Howcantheycausesomuchtrouble?Virusesarenon-livingorganisms(有機(jī)體)approximatelyone-millionthofaninchlong.Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan’treproduceontheirown.36

Virusescaninfecteverylivingthing—fromplantsandanimalsdowntothesmallestbacteria.Forthisreason,theyalwayshavethepotentialtobedangeroustohumanlife.Sometimesaviruscancauseadiseasesoseriousthatitisfatal.Otherviralinfectionscausenonoticeablereaction.Virusesliearoundourenvironmentallofthetime,waitingforahostcelltocomealong.Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.37Forexample,HIV,whichcausesAIDS,attackstheT-cellsoftheimmunesystem.

Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?38“Tracingtheoriginsofvirusesisdifficult.”EdRybicki,avirologistattheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica,toldScientificAmerican,“becausevirusesdon’tleavefossils(化石)andbecauseofthetrickstheyusetomakecopiesofthemselveswithinthecellsthey’veinvaded.”39First,virusesstartedasindependentorganisms,thenbecameparasites(寄生者).Second,virusesevolvedfrompiecesofDNAorRNAthat“escaped”fromlargerorganisms.Third,virusesco-evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexistedalongsidethesecells.

Forthetimebeing,theseareonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehavetodaycannotbeusedtotestthesetheoriesandidentifythemostplausibleexplanation.40Orfuturestudiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier(模糊不清的)thanitnowappears.

A.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.B.Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.C.Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.D.There’sprettystrongevidencethatthisisabatorigincoronavirus.E.However,therearethreemainhypotheses(假說(shuō))toexplaintheoriginofviruses.F.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.G.Batisaflyingmammalwithalonglifespan,whosetemperatureishigh,similartoafever.【語(yǔ)篇概述】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們講解并描述了新型冠狀病毒以及病毒侵害人體的原理。36.【解析】選F。上文Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan’treproduceontheirown.(不像人類細(xì)胞或細(xì)菌,他們不能通過(guò)自己繁殖)與F.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.(相反,他們?nèi)肭稚锝M織的細(xì)胞進(jìn)行繁殖、擴(kuò)張和占據(jù))承接自然,上下文是明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,reproduce是關(guān)鍵詞,故選F項(xiàng)。37.【解析】選A。上文Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.(他們可以通過(guò)鼻子、嘴、眼睛或皮膚的傷口處進(jìn)入我們的身體)與A.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.(一旦進(jìn)入,他們就會(huì)找一個(gè)宿主細(xì)胞來(lái)感染)承接自然,上下文講解并描述的話題一樣,enter和inside是關(guān)鍵詞。38.【解析】選B。上文Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?(但最基本的問(wèn)題是,病毒最初是來(lái)自哪兒)與B.Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.(直到現(xiàn)在,他們的原始存在沒(méi)有明確的說(shuō)明)承接自然,選項(xiàng)中的their就是上文提到的virus,originexists和firstcomefrom是關(guān)鍵詞。39.【解析】選E。E.However,therearethreemainhypothesestoexplaintheoriginofviruses.(但是,主要有三個(gè)說(shuō)明病毒起源的假說(shuō))與下文內(nèi)容提到的三點(diǎn)在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上構(gòu)成總分關(guān)系