2024-2025學年新教材高中英語模塊素養(yǎng)檢測含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGE模塊素養(yǎng)檢測(Units1～5)(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)聽力材料為老師用書獨具第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Text1W:Whatkindoffruitwouldyoulike,applesororanges?M:①Neither.Ipreferbananastoanythingelse.1.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Bananas.B.Apples.C.Oranges.答案:AText2M:②Youcanonlykeepthebooksfortwoweeks.W:Fine.I’llbecertaintoreturnthemontime.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalaboratory.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.答案:BText3W:Dad,Ican’tfindmycarkey.Idon’trememberwhereIputit.M:③Idon’tthinkyoucanfindit.Bobhastakenit.Heisusingyourcarnow.3.Whycan’tthegirlfindhercarkey?A.Becausesomeonehastakenit.B.Becausesheleftitinhercar.C.Becausesheforgotwhereshehadleftit.答案:AText4W:Whatareyougoingtodoforyoursummervacation?M:IplannedtogotoChinaandclimbtheGreatWall,④butI’llhavetostayathomeanddomyhomeworkbecausemyschoolreportisnotgoodatall.4.Whatwillthemandoduringthesummervacation?A.Makesomemoney. B.GototheGreatWall.C.Stayathomestudying.答案:CText5M:I’mreallytiredofthisweather.Rain,rain,rain.W:Don’tworry.⑤TheweatherreportsaysitwillbesunnyonFriday.Don’tforgettobringyourumbrellatoday.5.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonFriday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.答案:B其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6W:⑥Tomdoesn’tseemtobeinagoodmood.What’swrongwithhim?M:Helefthiswalletinthetaxi.Therewasacreditcardandonethousanddollarsinit.W:Whydidhehavesomuchcashonhim?M:⑦HewasgoingtolendthemoneytoLucy.W:Badluck.HasLucyheardaboutit?M:No.Tomdidn’twanttoupsether.Sohetoldhernothingaboutit.W:Don’tworry.Thetaxidrivermayfinditandreturnthewallettohim.6.HowdoesTomprobablyfeelnow?A.Sad.B.Excited.C.Moved.答案:A7.WhydidTomhavesomuchmoneyonhim?A.Becausehewantedtobuysomethingexpensive.B.BecausehewasgoingtolendthemoneytoLucy.C.BecausehewasgoingtoreturnthemoneytoLucy.答案:B聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7W:Listen!Somebodyinthenextroomispracticingthepiano.M:Itsoundsnice,doesn’tit?IwishIcouldplayamusicalinstrument.W:Ithoughtyoualreadydid.⑧Don’tyouplaytheviolin?M:⑧No,butmysisterdoes.Actually,sheisprettygoodatit.W:Itookguitarlessonsforacoupleofyears,butIneverlearnedverywell.Bytheway,whatsortofmusicdoyoulikelisteningto?M:Well,Ilikeallkindsofmusic,fromclassicalmusictopopmusic.W:Great!⑨IjustgotAdele’slatestCD.Let’slistentoittogether.M:⑨Thatsoundsgreat.IloveAdele’smusic.Hervoiceisamazing.8.Whatinstrumentdoestheman’ssisterplaywell?A.Thepiano. B.Theviolin.C.Theguitar.答案:B9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotogether?A.Takeguitarlessons. B.AttendAdele’sconcert.C.ListentoamusicCD.答案:C聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8M:Hello,Anna.Howwasyourexamyesterday?W:Itwasn’tverygood.I’mafraidIdon’tgetanAthistime.⑩TheexamwasharderthanIhadexpected.M:Well.Thefinalexamisusuallymoredifficult.Youshouldspendmoretimepreparingforit.Whydidn’tyoupreparewellforit?W:QUOTE?Ihadtwopart-timejobsthistermandhadtowork3hourseveryday.SoIhadlesstimeforstudy.M:Whydidyouspendsomuchtimeonyourwork?Remember,studyalwayscomesfirst.W:Iknow.ButIhavenochoice.Myfatherisoftenillthisyear.Ihavetoworktocovermyexpenses.M:Whynotapplyforascholarship?W:Ihave,butI’mstillwaiting.QUOTE?Bytheway,howisyournewbook?Doesitsellwell?M:Notaswellasthefirstone.ButIlikethisonebetter.10.Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheexam?A.Challenging. B.Easy. C.Interesting.答案:A11.Whatdidthewomanspendalotoftimeonthisterm?A.Enjoyingherlife. B.Gettingascholarship.C.Doingherpart-timejobs.答案:C12.Whatistheman?A.Awriter. B.Astudent. C.Ateacher.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:Hi,John.M:Hi,Jane,Ihaven’tseenyouforweeks.Howareyou?W:I’mfine.Thankyou.QUOTE?Infact,IwanttocallyoubecauseI’mgoingtohaveabirthdayparty.M:Oh,soundsgood.Whenisit?W:Well,I’mgoingtoholditonFriday,butMelissahasgottowork.Sohowdoesthenextdaysound?M:That’sgoodforme.NotSundaythough,becauseIhavetogetupearlythenextday.WQUOTE:?Great,Saturday,itisthen.M:Whattime?W:Well,Idon’twanttomakeittooearly.I’mgoingtogetdinnerreadyaround8o’clock,soI’maskingpeopletoarriveatabout7:00intheevening.M:OK,QUOTE?I’llbetherearoundaquarterpastseven,then.Doyouwantmetobringanything?Youknow,somewine,beermaybe?W:Well,MelissaandTomarebringingsomewine,andI’vegotplentyofbeerinthefridge.QUOTE?Orangejuicewouldbegood.M:OK,noproblem.Icanpicksomeupontheway.Seeyouthen.Bye.W:Bye.13.Whatpartywillthewomanhold?A.Aweddingparty. B.Agraduationparty.C.Abirthdayparty.答案:C14.Whenwillthewomanholdtheparty?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.答案:B15.Whattimewillthemanarrive?A.7:00pm. B.7:15pm. C.8:00pm.答案:B16.Whatwillthemantaketotheparty?A.Orangejuice. B.Wine. C.Beer.答案:A聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10M:Ihavetwoappletreesinthegarden.QUOTE?MydogHarrylovedapples.Whenhewentoutsideeveryday,he’dcatchanappleandtakeitintothehousetoeatlater.QUOTE?TheappleshadbeenonthegroundandwereoftendirtysoIwasn’talwayshappythatHarryhadbroughtthemintothehouse.ItwasanautumndayinAmerica,butitwasverycold.Aheavysnowfellandwehadnotdoneanythingforitscoming.Onthatspecialday,HarrywentoutsideandIwatchedhimthroughthewindow.QUOTE?Inoticedthathewasmadlydiggingholesandbringingtheapplestothegroundsotheycouldbeseenabovethesnow.Ididnotknowwhyhewasdoingthis.Heseemedtowanttodosomethingspecial.WhenIcalledhimback,hehadhisusualoneappleinhismouth.Aboutfiveminuteslater,Ilookedoutside.Thegardenwascompletelycoveredwithbirds.QUOTE?Harryhaddugupallthoseapplesforhisbirdfriendstoeat.Heknewthattheywouldn’thavestoredenoughfoodforthecomingwinter!17.WhatisHarry?A.Adog.B.Abird.C.Aboy.答案:A18.Whywasn’tthespeakeralwayshappy?A.Harrylovedapples.B.Harrybroughtthedirtyapplesintothehouse.C.Theapplesfellonthegroundandweredirty.答案:B19.WhatdidHarrydoonthesnowyday?A.Heateupalltheapples.B.Hedugholestoputtheapplesinthem.C.Hebroughttheapplesunderthesnowtotheground.答案:C20.Whydidthebirdsflytothegarden?A.TolookforHarry. B.Toeattheapples.C.Tomakenewhomes.答案:B其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAaptivDownloadAaptiv,takeaquickfitnessquizaboutyourgoals,andgetgoing.Theappwillsetyouupwithworkoutstodoonyourfavoritecardio(有氧的)machine,athomeonayogamat,oroutside.Wherethisappstandsout:Itpairsaudioinstructionsfrominstructorsandpersonaltrainerswithsongsyoulove—notboring,cannedbeats—soit’smoreengagingthanmostrecordedworkouts.It’sbasicallylikeyourfavoritecyclingclassinthepalmofyourhands.MyFitnessPalAnotherappthatpairsworkoutswithanutritionplan.Thisfreeapptracksyourpersonaldietandexercisetodeterminethebestcalorieintakebasedonyourbodytypeandworkouts.Itevengivesyoutheabilitytoscanfoodbarcodesorenterthembyhandtogetaccuratecalorieandnutrientcounts.MyFitnessPalisgreatathelpingpeoplebecomemoreawareoftheireatinghabits.Itmaynotbethemostaccurateattimes,butjustbyhavingpeoplebecomemoreconsciousofthefoodsanddrinksthey’reputtingintotheirbodyisahugewin.AmazonKindleKindleoffersawideselectionofbooks,magazinesandnewspapers,makingitoneofthemostpopulare-Bookreaderappsforsmartphonesandtablets.Youneedn’townaKindledevicetoenjoybooksthroughtheKindleapp;it’savailableonAndroidandIOSdevicestoo.Toincreasereadingpleasure,KindleispoweredbytechnologyfromAmazonthatallowsyoutosync(同步)yourlastreadpage,bookmarks,highlightsandnotesacrossalldevices;italsoincludesabuilt-indictionarythatmakesiteasytolookupnewwordswhilereading,andtheKindleappprovidesaccesstoGooglesearchandWikipediaaswell.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三款應用程序的狀況。21.WhatfeaturemakesAaptivmostappealing?A.Itenablesyoutoexerciseasyouwish.B.Itallowsaquickfitnessquizaboutyourgoals.C.Itprovidesclassesofrunning,cyclingandyoga.D.Itofferstrainer-ledworkoutswithmusicyoulove.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段可知這款應用的突出之處在于:它將教練和私人教練的音頻指令與你喜愛的歌曲搭配在一起,而不是枯燥乏味的錄制好的歌曲,因此它比大多數(shù)錄制的健身活動更吸引人。由此可知,Aaptiv最吸引人的地方是它供應以訓練者為主導的訓練,配上你喜愛的音樂。22.WhatdopeoplemostprobablydownloadMyFitnessPalfor?A.Exercisingwithrightdiets.B.Studyingeatinghabits.C.Trackingcalorieconsumption.D.Scanningfoodbarcodes.【解析】選A。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段可知另一款應用程序可以將熬煉和養(yǎng)分安排結合在一起。這個免費的應用程序可以跟蹤你的個人飲食和熬煉狀況,依據(jù)你的體型和熬煉狀況來確定最佳卡路里攝入量。它甚至可以讓你掃描食品條形碼,或者手動輸入食品編碼,從而獲得精確的卡路里和養(yǎng)分數(shù)據(jù)。由此可知,人們下載MyFitnessPal最可能的目的是運動搭配正確的飲食。23.HowmanyadvantagesdoesKindlehaveforabetterreadingexperience?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.【解析】選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段可知為了增加閱讀樂趣,Kindle采納了來自亞馬遜的技術,允許你在全部設備上同步上一次閱讀的頁面、書簽、亮點和筆記;它還包括一個內置的字典,使人們在閱讀時很簡潔查找新單詞,Kindle應用程序還供應了谷歌搜尋和維基百科。由此可知,Kindle有3個優(yōu)點,可以供應更好的閱讀體驗。BSandraCisneroswasborninChicagoin1954toaMexicanAmericanfamily.Astheonlygirlinafamilyofsevenchildren,sheoftenfeltlikeshehad“sevenfathers”,becausehersixbrothers,aswellasherfather,triedtocontrolher.Feelingshyandunimportant,sheretreated(躲避)intobooks.Despiteherloveofreading,shedidnotdowellinelementaryschoolbecauseshewastooshytoparticipate.Inhighschool,withtheencouragementofoneparticularteacher,Cisnerosimprovedhergradesandworkedfortheschoolliterarymagazine.Herfatherencouragedhertogotocollegebecausehethoughtitwouldbeagoodwayforhertofindahusband.Cisnerosdidattendcollege,butinsteadofsearchingforahusband,shefoundateacherwhohelpedherjointhefamousgraduatewritingprogramattheUniversityofIowa.Attheuniversity’sWriters’Workshop,however,shefeltlonely—aMexicanAmericanfromapoorneighborhoodamongstudentsfromwealthyfamilies.ThefeelingofbeingsodifferenthelpedCisnerosfindher“creativevoice”.“ItwasnotuntilthismomentwhenIconsideredmyselftrulydifferentthatmywritingacquiredavoice.IknewIwasaMexicanwoman,butIdidn’tthinkithadanythingtodowithwhyIfeltsomuchimbalanceinmylife,butithadeverythingtodowithit!That’swhenIdecidedIwouldwriteaboutsomethingmyclassmatescouldn’twriteabout.”Cisnerospublishedherfirstwork,TheHouseonMangoStreet,whenshewastwenty-nine.ThebooktalksaboutayoungMexicanAmericangirlgrowingupinaSpanish-speakingareainChicago,muchliketheneighborhoodsinwhichCisneroslivedasachild.Thebookwonanawardin1985andhasbeenusedinclassesfromhighschooltograduateschoollevel.Sincethen,Cisneroshaspublishedseveralbooksofpoetry,achildren’sbookandashort-storycollection.【語篇概述】這是一篇記敘文。在文章中作者為我們講解并描述了一個羞澀的小女孩是如何成長為一位知名作家的故事,作者著重說明白她獨特寫作風格形成的緣由。24.WhatcanweknowaboutCisnerosinherchildhood?A.Herbrothersdislikedher.B.Shefeltherselfanobody.C.Shewastooshytogotoschool.D.Shedidnotmeetanygoodteachers.【解析】選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的Feelingshyandunimportant,sheretreatedintobooks.可知,她感到羞澀和不重要,就躲進了書堆里。由此可知,B選項的描述“她覺得自己是個無名小卒”符合文意。25.ThegraduateprogramgaveCisnerosachanceto________.

A.runawayfromherfamilyB.developherwritingstyleC.makealotoffriendsD.searchforahusband【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的ThefeelingofbeingsodifferenthelpedCisnerosfindher“creativevoice”.可知,這種別出心裁的感覺幫助西斯內羅斯找到了她富有“創(chuàng)建性的聲音”。由此推斷出,探討生課程給了Cisneros一個形成寫作風格的機會。26.AccordingtoCisneros,whatwasthekeyfactorinhersuccess?A.Herchildhoodexperience.B.HertrainingintheWorkshop.C.Herfeelingofbeingdifferent.D.Herearlyyearsincollege.【解析】選C。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的ItwasnotuntilthismomentwhenIconsideredmyselftrulydifferentthatmywritingacquiredavoice.可知,直到這一刻,當我認為自己真的別出心裁時,我的寫作才有了聲音。由此可知,依據(jù)Cisneros的說法,她勝利的關鍵因素是她有了別出心裁的感覺。27.WhatdowelearnaboutTheHouseonMangoStreet?A.Itenjoysgreatpopularityamongstudents.B.ItisabookofpoetrywrittenbyCisneros.C.Itwasn’tasuccessasitwaswritteninSpanish.D.ItwonanawardwhenCisneroswastwenty-nine.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的Thebookwonanawardin1985andhasbeenusedinclassesfromhighschooltograduateschoollevel.可知,這本書在1985年獲得了一個獎項,從中學到探討生階段都在運用。由此推斷出,TheHouseonMangoStreet在學生中很受歡迎。CIt’scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectancies(預期壽命)thanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.Somecitiesarehardontheircitizens.Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.Lackofinfrastructure(基礎設施)jamsthestreetswithcarsandtheairwithpollutants,andpeopleworklonghoursforlittlemoney.ThesearejustsomeofthefactorsconcludedbySpotahome,arentalagency.They’veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity(肥胖),greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld’shealthiestcities.ThelistiscertainlyEuro-centricbutcontinuoussunshineisseenasapositivething,evenifitmaybemoreofadisadvantageinotherregions.Butitdoesgosomewaytowardssuggestingwhichcitiesaregettingitrightinprovidingagoodlifefortheirinhabitants.ItmaynotbesurprisingtolearnthatmostofthehealthiestcitiesareinnorthernEurope,knownforitspeople-firstapproachtocityplanning.AustraliaandCanadaalsodowell—butAlaska,thefirstU.S.cityisonlyin34thplace.TheU.K.doesn’tfaretoowelleither—itsonlycityinthetop50listisLondon,in40th.Whetheryou’replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.【語篇概述】本文是說明文。探討者們通過調查發(fā)覺城市規(guī)劃會影響居民的健康。通過對健康、綠化、壽命、陽光等因素的評分,探討者們列出了一個世界上最健康的城市的清單。28.Whyaresomecitiesdifficulttoliveinaccordingtothetext?A.Theairisheavilypolluted.B.Thereisnocityplanning.C.Outdooractivitiesaren’tavailable.D.Publicplacesarelimited.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.得知,在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方,比如最近被經(jīng)濟學人智庫列出的拉各斯這個城市,公共空間很少,這使得戶外活動很難進行。由此可見,公共空間有限使得一些城市很難居住。29.HowdidSpotahomelisttheworld’shealthiestcities?A.Byfiguringoutthecity’sgreenarea.B.Bygaininginformationviavariouspeople.C.Byanalyzingdifferentaspectsofthecities.D.Byselectingthosewiththehighestlifeexpectancy.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段They’veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity,greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld’shealthiestcities.得知,他們分析了一系列來源的數(shù)據(jù),包括世界衛(wèi)生組織,貓途鷹網(wǎng)和中情局世界概況,對每個城市的健康、預期壽命、肥胖、綠地和其他因素進行評分,從而列出世界上最健康的城市名單。由此推知,Spotahome通過分析城市的不同方面列出了世界上最健康的城市名單。30.Whatdoesthelistaimtohelppeopledo?A.Formhealthyeatinghabits.B.Choosearightplaceforaholiday.C.Becomeawareofattractivenessofcities.D.Reflectthefutureofthecityplanning.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Whetheryou’replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.得知,無論你是在安排一個全面的假期還是簡潔的想你的城市做什么會變得更好,這個列有500個最健康的城市的列表會讓你停下來思索。由此可知,這個清單目的是幫助你選擇合適的度假地點。31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)首段It’scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectanciesthanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.(眾所周知,一些國家的預期壽命比其他國家高,但你居住的城市也會影響你的健康)及下文對“城市規(guī)劃會影響居民健康的探討介紹”,再結合選項A.一篇日記;B.一本旅游指南;C.一部小說;D.一本雜志。由此得知,本文最可能來自于一本雜志?！军c睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往須要大量細微環(huán)節(jié)信息的支持,這些細微環(huán)節(jié)對于理解全文內容至關重要,同時也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎。命題人往往會要求考生依據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章,以獲得某些特定的信息,或精確地尋求所需的細微環(huán)節(jié),并對細微環(huán)節(jié)進行干脆或間接分辨和理解。文章細微環(huán)節(jié)的理解可以細化為:(1)一一對應型。(2)語言轉述型。(3)語意理解型。(4)是非辨別型。(5)事實排序型。如第28小題,依據(jù)其次段Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.得知,在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方,比如最近被經(jīng)濟學人智庫列出的拉各斯這個城市,公共空間很少,這使得戶外活動很難進行。關鍵句publicspacesarefewandfarbetween公共空間稀有,由此可知,公共空間有限使得一些城市很難居住。故選D。DAteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techintegratedsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.“It’sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents(元件),”saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecomponents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit’sconnectedto,”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonadaytodaybasis.”【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是哈佛高校從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感,設計開發(fā)了第一款機器蒼蠅。文章介紹了該項探討存在的困難,探討將要發(fā)展的方向和該探討會帶來的好處。32.Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat________.

A.theyhadnomodelintheirmindB.theydidnothavesufficienttimeC.theyhadnoready-madecomponentsD.theycouldnotassemblethecomponents【解析】選C。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown”可知,類似這樣的項目的一個額外的困難就是,這些組成部件從來就沒有現(xiàn)成的,我們不得不靠自己去開發(fā),從中可知,困難就是沒有現(xiàn)成的組成部件。33.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs3and4thattheroboticflyer________.

A.consistsofaflightdeviceandacontrolsystemB.canjustflyinlimitedareasatthepresenttimeC.cancollectinformationfrommanysourcesD.hasbeenputintowideapplication【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield”可知,雖然第一架機器人飛行器與一個小型非機載電源相連,但最終目標是為其配備一個內置電源,以便有朝一日它可以在救援地點、農田里或戰(zhàn)場上執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)收集工作。由此推知,目前由于電池等的限制,只能在有限的區(qū)域飛行。34.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Theroboticflyerisdesignedtolearnaboutinsects.B.Animalsarenotallowedinbiologicalexperiments.C.Thereusedtobefewwaystostudyhowinsectsfly.D.Wood’sdesigncanreplaceanimalsinsomeexperiments.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的itmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield可知,A項是錯誤的。B項中animalsarenotallowed是錯的,應當是difficultwiththeanimals,即有些用動物來做試驗是困難的,不是不允許。C項在文中并沒有提到以前方法的多少,文中只是說offersanewwaytostudy,供應了新的方法,故解除C項。依據(jù)最終一段的youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,可知,用動物探討生物學會很難,但是機器人可以取代動物,所以在某些試驗中,Wood的設計可以取代動物。35.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FatherofRoboticFlyB.InspirationfromEngineeringScienceC.RoboticFlyImitatesRealLifeInsectD.HarvardBreaksThroughinInsectStudy【解析】選C。主旨大意題。由第一段“AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly”可知,短文主要介紹的是哈佛高校從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感,設計開發(fā)了第一款機器蒼蠅。所以短文的最佳標題是“機器蒼蠅仿照現(xiàn)實生活中的昆蟲”,故選C?！军c睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上,做出肯定的推理推斷,從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內容可能是文中的某一句話,也可能是某幾句話,所以,推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息進一步推出的答案:對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude,indicate等標記性詞語。這種題型主要包括細微環(huán)節(jié)推斷題、看法觀點推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處推斷題和揣測想象推斷題。第33題,依據(jù)第三段的“Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems”可知A項是錯誤的。依據(jù)第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource”和“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”可知,目前由于電池等的限制,只能在有限的區(qū)域飛行。因此B項是正確的。依據(jù)第四段的“sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield”可知該飛行器是在someday(將來的某一天)才能從不同的地方收集信息,而不是現(xiàn)在,因此解除C項?？v觀全文,講解并描述的是該飛行器尚處于開發(fā)的初級階段,有很多地方須要改善,因此D項廣泛投入運用是錯誤的。綜上所述,33小題選B項。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MysteryofEvolutionFollowingtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),alsonamedCOVID-19byWHO,thereisageneralfearoftheunknownvirusasitsfulleffectsremaintobeseen.Fever,coughing,sorethroat,difficultybreathing—theNCP’ssymptomsaresimilartothecommoncoldortheflu.Butit’spotentiallymoredangerous.Virusescouldbedeadly,likeHIVandEbola(埃博拉).Butwhatareviruses?Howcantheycausesomuchtrouble?Virusesarenon-livingorganisms(有機體)approximatelyone-millionthofaninchlong.Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan’treproduceontheirown.36

Virusescaninfecteverylivingthing—fromplantsandanimalsdowntothesmallestbacteria.Forthisreason,theyalwayshavethepotentialtobedangeroustohumanlife.Sometimesaviruscancauseadiseasesoseriousthatitisfatal.Otherviralinfectionscausenonoticeablereaction.Virusesliearoundourenvironmentallofthetime,waitingforahostcelltocomealong.Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.37Forexample,HIV,whichcausesAIDS,attackstheT-cellsoftheimmunesystem.

Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?38“Tracingtheoriginsofvirusesisdifficult.”EdRybicki,avirologistattheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica,toldScientificAmerican,“becausevirusesdon’tleavefossils(化石)andbecauseofthetrickstheyusetomakecopiesofthemselveswithinthecellsthey’veinvaded.”39First,virusesstartedasindependentorganisms,thenbecameparasites(寄生者).Second,virusesevolvedfrompiecesofDNAorRNAthat“escaped”fromlargerorganisms.Third,virusesco-evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexistedalongsidethesecells.

Forthetimebeing,theseareonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehavetodaycannotbeusedtotestthesetheoriesandidentifythemostplausibleexplanation.40Orfuturestudiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier(模糊不清的)thanitnowappears.

A.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.B.Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.C.Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.D.There’sprettystrongevidencethatthisisabatorigincoronavirus.E.However,therearethreemainhypotheses(假說)toexplaintheoriginofviruses.F.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.G.Batisaflyingmammalwithalonglifespan,whosetemperatureishigh,similartoafever.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。作者通過這篇文章主要向我們講解并描述了新型冠狀病毒以及病毒侵害人體的原理。36.【解析】選F。上文Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan’treproduceontheirown.(不像人類細胞或細菌,他們不能通過自己繁殖)與F.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtakeover.(相反,他們入侵生物組織的細胞進行繁殖、擴張和占據(jù))承接自然,上下文是明顯的轉折關系,reproduce是關鍵詞,故選F項。37.【解析】選A。上文Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.(他們可以通過鼻子、嘴、眼睛或皮膚的傷口處進入我們的身體)與A.Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.(一旦進入,他們就會找一個宿主細胞來感染)承接自然,上下文講解并描述的話題一樣,enter和inside是關鍵詞。38.【解析】選B。上文Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?(但最基本的問題是,病毒最初是來自哪兒)與B.Untilnow,noclearexplanationfortheiroriginexists.(直到現(xiàn)在,他們的原始存在沒有明確的說明)承接自然,選項中的their就是上文提到的virus,originexists和firstcomefrom是關鍵詞。39.【解析】選E。E.However,therearethreemainhypothesestoexplaintheoriginofviruses.(但是,主要有三個說明病毒起源的假說)與下文內容提到的三點在文章結構上構成總分關系