高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)收心卷02（英語）

20232024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)收心卷02英語總分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatkindofmoviedoesthemanwanttowatch?A.Ascaryfilm. B.Aedy. C.Anactionmovie.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Let’swatchsomefunnyvideostonight.M:I’minthemoodforascarymovie.W:I’mneverinthemoodtogetscared.Howaboutanactionfilm?2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Amused. B.Sleepy. C.Worried.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouwanttowatchthistalkshowwithme?It’sveryfunny.M:Sorry,Amy,butIstayeduplatepletingmytermpaper.Ijustsleptfivehours.NowIjustwanttohitthehay.W:OK.3.Whatmadetheman’seyesred?A.Toomuchereading. B.Lackofsleep. C.Asadthing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyoureyesred?Didyoustayuplateoristhereanythingsad?M:Neither.MyeyesaredryasIhavebeenreadingebooksforalongtime.4.WhatdoesCathyaskMiketodo?A.Buyherlunch. B.Meetherparents. C.Attendameeting.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Cathy,thisisMike.Iwillbeabsentfromlunch.W:ThatisOK.Areyouavailablethisafternoontoattendthemeetingforparents?Ican’taffordthetime.M:OK,Iwillarriveontime.5.WhendoestheparkcloseonSaturday?A.At6:00pm. B.At9:00pm. C.At10:00pm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,AquaPark.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,please.IstheparkopenonSaturdays?W:Yes,itisusuallyopenfromninetosix.ButonSaturdayswedelaytheclosingtimeanditisopenfor13hours.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdidthespeakerssee?A.Aballet. B.Aconcert. C.Afilm.7.Whatmadethewomanfallasleep?A.Thehotweather. B.Thequietmusic. C.Theboringperformance.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:ThatwasoneofthebestperformancesI’veeverbeento!DidyouseehowmanytumsMistyCopelanddid?W:Uh,yeah.Shewasimpressive.M:Youdon’tsoundsoenthusiastic.Didn’tyouliketheshow?W:Well,Ididn’tactuallyseemuchofit.Themusicwassocalmingandquietthatitsentmetosleep.M:Areyousayingthatyoufeelasleep?Howcouldyoumissoneofthemostsignificantballetsofourtime?IthoughtyoulovedSwanLake.W:Yes,butIfeelclearnow.M:I’vefallenasleepatshowsbefore,butitwasbecausetheywereboringoritwastoohotinthetheater.Whatashame!聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whattimeisit?A.10:30am. B.11:00am. C.11:30am.9.WhyisMichellehungrynow?A.Shedidphysicalactivity.B.Sheforgottohavebreakfast.C.Sheonlyhadtwoeggsthismorning.10.WhatwillMichelledonext?A.Eatinthestudio. B.Takeherfoodout. C.Gototherestaurant.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:Michelle,doyouwanttoeatyoursandwichnow?It’sjust10:30am.W:Iwaswokenupearlybymyfatherandwasaskedtojogwithhimforhalfanhour.Ijusthadsomebreadandtwoeggsthismorning.Now,I’mreallystarving.Iusuallydon’tfeelhungrybefore11:30am.Iguessit’sbecauseofmyjogging.M:Well,ifyoureallywanttoeatnow,Isuggestyougooutside.W:Why?M:Ifyoueatinthestudio,you’llmakeMr.Brownveryangry.Hedoesn’talloweatinghere.W:Iguessyou’reright.Idon’twanttomakehimcross.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WheredidHenrylearnabouttheaccident?A.Fromanewsprogram. B.Fromanewspaper. C.Fromawitness.12.Whywerefirefighterscalled?A.Toputoffafire. B.Torescuepeople. C.Toremovechocolate.13.WhatwillHenrytellthewomannext?A.Thelossofthechocolatefactory.B.Thecauseoftheaccident.C.Thetrafficofthetown.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Henry,Iheardafireenginesirenthisafternoon.Wasthereafireinourtown?M:No,therewasn’t.Haven’tyouwatchedTV?TherewasanaccidentattheDreiMeisterchocolatefactory.OneofitstanksoverflowedonthestreetofWestOennen.W:Ireallydidn’tknowthat.Sowhydidthefirefightersgothere?M:Well,thechocolateimmediatelyfrozebecauseoftheweather.It’sfreezingthesedaysafterall.Chocolatecoveredthestreetanditcouldn’tbeused.Thefirefighterswerecalledtosolvetheproblem.W:Wasiteasywork?M:Idon’tthinkso.Altogether25firefightersrespondedtothecallandspenthoursattemptingtobreakthefrozenchocolatelayerusingtools.W:TheCEOofthechocolatefactorymusthavebeenworried.M:Youbet.Becauseoftheaccident,thetrafficwasstoppedforhours.Luckily,thestreetcouldbeusedagainbeforerushhour.W:Sodoyouknowwhatledtotheaccident?M:Yes.Thenewssaid...聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhathappenedtoEricthismorning?A.Helosthisjob.B.Hedidn’tcatchthebus.C.Hegotstuckintrafficjams.15.Whywerethedriversonstriketoday?A.Toavoidunemployment.B.Toaskformorepay.C.Togetlongholidays.16.Howdidthewomangettoworktoday?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bybike【答案】14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:You’renotverytalkative,Eric.What’sup?M:Nothing,I’mwornoutbecauseIspenthourssittinginthecarintrafficjamsthismorning.W:It’snowonderyougotstuckinatrafficjam.Therewasapublictransportstrike.M:NowIunderstand.Anyway,whyweretheyonstriketoday?Formorepayandholidays,Isuppose.W:No.Someofthedriversaregoingtolosetheirjobs.They’recuttingdownthenumberofservices.M:Sohowdidyoudealwithtoday?Youworkinthecenter.W:Iborrowedmybrother’sbike.Itwasquiteeasytogetthroughthetraffic.M:Butyoudon’tnormallygoinlikethat,doyou?W:No.Iusuallygobybus.Thebusstopisnearmyhouse.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.HowmanykindsofteawillMs.Weitalkabout?A.3. B.4. C.5.18.Inwhichpartcantheaudiencemaketea?A.Thefirstpart. B.Thesecondpart. C.Thelastpart.19.WhatwillMs.Weidointhelasthalfhour?A.Shareherjourney.B.Talkaboutteahistory.C.Answersomequestions.20.Whenwillthefamouschefdeliveralecture?A.InApril. B.InMay. C.InJune【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Thisweekend,therewillbeaspecialthreehourpresentationcalled“ThePerfectCupofTea”.Ms.Wei,aninternationalteaexpert,willteachyoutheproperwaytopreparesomedifferentkindsoftea.Inherlecture,shewilltalkaboutIndianblacktea,NorthAfricanmintteam,ChinesejasmineteaandEnglishmilktea.Duringthefirstpartofthepresentation,Ms.Weiwilldescribethehistoryofteaandhowitspreadtothedifferentareas.Inthesecondpart,theaudiencewillhaveachancetomakethefourdifferentkindsoftea.Youwilldiscovertheperfectwatertemperatureandcookingtimeforeachone.Youwilllearnhowtorecognizegoodtealeavesbyhowtheylookandsmell.Thelasthalfhourofthepresentationwillbereservedforquestions.Thisisthefirstlectureinaseries.Nextmonth,theheadofatwostarrestaurantinNewYorkCitywilltalkabouthisamazingjourneyfromadishwashertoafamouschef.Thefollowingmonth,inJune,youwilllearninfourhourshowtomakeoneofthehardestdishes:Shanghaidumplings.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分42.5分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(浙江省嘉興八校20232024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題)SmartHomeProductsforLivingaConnectedLifeWhatmakessomethingasmarthomeproduct?Generally,it’sdefinedbyitsabilitytoconnecttoaWiFinetwork,allowinguserstointeractwithitfromtheirsmartphones.We’veroundedupsomecool,diverseofferingsthatyou’lllovetohaveinyourhome.NestCamIQwalmart$299.00TheNestCamIQisabeautifullydesignedhomesecuritycamerathatcanrecognizefaces.Itcanwarnyouifthere’sastrangerinyourhome.Thedevicealsosupportstwowaymunicationviabuiltinmicrophonesandapowerfulspeaker.AppleHomePodbhphotovideo$349.00TheAppleHomePodhasbetteraudioqualitythananyothersmartspeakeravailabletoday.Availableinwhiteorspacegray,theSiripowereddevicealsoallowsyoutocontrolanumberofdeviceswithyourvoice.AugustSmartLockProamazon$279.99TheAugustSmartLockProispatible(兼容的)withmostlocks.Amobileappallowsyoutomanageaccesstothelock,checkitsusagehistory,andgetinformedwhensomeoneopensthedoor.Youcancontrolitandcheckonthestateofyourdoorwithvoicemands.LogitechHarmonyEliteamazon$249.99TheLogitechHarmonyEliteisoneofthebestuniversalremotecontrolsavailableonthemarket.Itcancontroljustabouteverypieceofelectronicsyouown(itsupportsover270,000devices!)ineveryroomofyourhouseorapartment,includingTVs,streamingdevices,andsoundsystems.21.WhatcantheNestCamIQhelpyoudo?A.Keepyourhomesafe. B.Checkthelocksofyourhouse.C.Controlelectronicswithyourvoice. D.Properlyuseyoursmartphonecamera.22.Whichdevicecanhelpyouoperatealmostallyourelectronicequipmentremotely?A.NestCamIQ. B.AppleHomePod.C.AugustSmartLockPro. D.LogitechHarmonyElite.23.Whichcolumnofawebsiteisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Society. B.News. C.Technology. D.Education.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了智能家居產(chǎn)品，讓生活互聯(lián)，并提供了一些智能家居產(chǎn)品供了解。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NestCamIQ部分中的“TheNestCamIQisabeautifullydesignedhomesecuritycamerathatcanrecognizefaces.Itcanwarnyouifthere’sastrangerinyourhome.Thedevicealsosupportstwowaymunicationviabuiltinmicrophonesandapowerfulspeaker.(NestCamIQ是一款設(shè)計(jì)精美的家庭安全攝像頭，可以識(shí)別人臉。如果家里有陌生人，它會(huì)提醒你。該設(shè)備還支持通過內(nèi)置麥克風(fēng)和強(qiáng)大的揚(yáng)聲器進(jìn)行雙向通信)”可知，該設(shè)備可保障家居安全。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LogitechHarmonyElite部分中的“Itcancontroljustabouteverypieceofelectronicsyouown(itsupportsover270,000devices!)ineveryroomofyourhouseorapartment,includingTVs,streamingdevices,andsoundsystems.(它可以控制你家里或公寓每個(gè)房間里的幾乎每一件電子產(chǎn)品(它支持超過27萬臺(tái)設(shè)備！)，包括電視、流媒體設(shè)備和音響系統(tǒng))”可知，可遠(yuǎn)程控制家居電子設(shè)備的是LogitechHarmonyElite。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“SmartHomeProductsforLivingaConnectedLife(智能家居產(chǎn)品，實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)生活)”及下文介紹可知，文章主要介紹了智能家居產(chǎn)品，讓生活互聯(lián)，并提供了一些智能家居產(chǎn)品供了解。由此推知，這篇文章很可能來自某網(wǎng)站的科技專欄。故選C。B(安徽省江淮名校20232024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次階段性聯(lián)考英語試題)It’s4:30inthemorning.Behindaforest,thesunbeginstolightentheskywithbrightandwarmtones.ThenationalbirdofHonduras,scarletmacaws(紅金剛鸚鵡),whichhavecolorfulfeathers,groom(理毛)eachotherastheywaitforAnaydaPantinLopezwhohasdevotedthelast12yearstoprotectingthem.Pantinandherhusband.SantiagoLacuthMontoya,liveinasmallvillagecalledMabita.wheremostofitsvillagersprotectthesebirdsandtherestofthewildlifesurroundingthem.Twiceaday,Pantinpreparesfoodfor40to60scarletmacawsthatetohervillageforfeedings.Shealsocaresforseveralotherbirdsatarescuecenter,orchicksthatfalldownfromtheirnests,untiltheycanflyfreely.Yearsago,Lacuthsupportedthefamilybysellingmacaweggsandchicksaspets—notrealizingitwouldhaveadetrimentalimpactonthebirdpopulation.Atthattime,thehuntingandsaleofwildspecieswaslegalandthousandsofscarletmacawsdisappeared.However,whenLacuthlearnedthenumberofscarletmacawswassharplydecreasing,hedecidedtobeeaguardianofthem.Hetriedtoconvinceotherhunterstofollowinhisfootsteps.Eventually,otherMabitaresidentsjoinedLacuthandPantin’sefforts.“Formanyyearsthescarletmacawshelpedmeprovideformyfamily.Nowitwasmyturntohelpthem.”Lacuthsaid.“TheMabitaprojectisveryimpressivebecauseofthemitmentofPantinandLacuthandtheentiremunity,”saysLoraKimJoyner,founderofOneEarthConservation.In2014,additionalfundscamefromtheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeService,andEngland’sDarwinFoundationsteppedintosupporttheconservationandmunityengagementefforts.Sincetheprojectbegan,thescarletmacawpopulationhasgrownfrom500tomorethan800.“Nowwehaveseenthatthenumberofthesebirdshasincreased,”saidPantin.“Butthatdoesnotchangeourgoal,whichistocontinuecaringforthemsothatourchildrenandgrandchildrencanhavetheopportunitytoenjoyeverythingthatnaturegivesus.”24.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Theyoungbirdsarewaitingfortheirmother.B.Thetreesintheforestgrowverywell.C.Scarletmacawslivefortablyandsafely.D.Scarletmacawsaretryingtofeedthemselves.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inparagraph3mean?A.Meaningful. B.Harmful.C.Possible. D.Small.26.WhydidLacuthchangehisbehavior?A.Toprotectotherhuntersfromharm.B.Toencourageothervillagerstolivebetter.C.Toimprovethequalityoflifeforhisfamily.D.Tostopthenumberofscarletmacawsdecreasing.27.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheMabitaprojectfromthelastparagraph?A.Itseffortshavepaidoff. B.Itsgoalhaschanged.C.Itwillattractmorevolunteers. D.Itwillcontinuetobuildschoolsforchildren.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了AnaydaPantinLopez過去十二年來一直都在精心照顧，致力于保護(hù)洪都拉斯的國鳥，紅金剛鸚鵡的故事。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ThenationalbirdofHonduras,scarletmacaws(紅金剛鸚鵡),whichhavecolorfulfeathers,groom(理毛)eachotherastheywaitforAnaydaPantinLopezwhohasdevotedthelast12yearstoprotectingthem.(洪都拉斯的國鳥，(紅金剛鸚鵡)有五顏六色的羽毛，AnaydaPantinLopez的過程中，它們互相梳理羽毛。AnaydaPantinLopez在過去的12年里一直致力于保護(hù)他們。)”可知，紅金剛鸚鵡在Pantin的精心照顧下過著安全舒適的生活。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Atthattime,thehuntingandsaleofwildspecieswaslegalandthousandsofscarletmacawsdisappeared.(當(dāng)時(shí)，野生物種的狩獵和銷售是合法的，成千上萬的紅金剛鸚鵡消失了。)”可知，紅金剛鸚鵡在當(dāng)時(shí)數(shù)量急劇減少。因此推斷是有害的影響。故選B項(xiàng)。26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“However,whenLacuthlearnedthenumberofscarletmacawswassharplydecreasing,hedecidedtobeeaguardianofthem.(然而，當(dāng)拉庫斯得知紅金剛鸚鵡的數(shù)量急劇減少時(shí)，他決定成為它們的守護(hù)者。)”可知，Lacuth改變了自己的行為是為了阻止紅金剛鸚鵡的數(shù)量減少。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句和第二句“Sincetheprojectbegan,thescarletmacawpopulationhasgrownfrom500tomorethan800.“Nowwehaveseenthatthenumberofthesebirdshasincreased,”saidPantin.(自該項(xiàng)目開始以來，紅金剛鸚鵡的數(shù)量已從500只增加到800多只。Pantin說：“現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)看到這些鳥的數(shù)量有所增加?！?可知，項(xiàng)目取得了好的結(jié)果，付出得到了回報(bào)。故選A項(xiàng)。C(福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校協(xié)作20232024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試題)If,asthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthislogic,itimpliesthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpdetectabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightrevealsignsofsomediseases.Anewstudyshowsthatanalysisofacity’swastewatercanalsoprovideinsightsintothehealthandbehaviorofitsresidents.Suchsurveillance(監(jiān)測(cè))canbeappliedtosamplealltoiletuserswithoutknowingtheirnames.Itismuchcheaperthanalternativesamplingtechniques,andflexibleenoughtomonitoreverythingfromdrugusetodietandevenmentalhealth.Wastewatersurveillancehasbeeanessentialtoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.Thisinnovativeapproachinvolvesanalyzingwastewatersamplestodetectandtrackthepresenceofvariousviruses,bacteria,andparasites(寄生蟲).Bymonitoringthegeneticmaterialoftheminwastewater,scientistsandpublichealthofficialscangainvaluableinsightsintothespreadofdiseaseswithinmunities.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherealternativemeansoftestingareexpensive.Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallybedetectedinwastewater.Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfillitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameifprivacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.28.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinParagraph1?A.Torevealsomesignsofphysicalillness. B.Tointroduceamethodtodetectdiseases.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofdiettohealth. D.Toillustratethevalueofstudyingbodilywaste.29.Whatisanadvantageofwastewatersurveillanceoverothersamplingtechniques?A.Itservesmorepurposes. B.Itrequiresahigherbudget.C.Itprotectsresidents’privacy. D.Itismoredifficulttosample.30.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedevelopmentofwastewatersurveillance.B.Themeansofwastewatertestingforpoorareas.C.Theapplicationofwastewaterindiseasedetection.D.Thepotentialofwastewaterinidentifyingcriminals.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswastewatersurveillance?A.Hopeful. B.Cautious. C.Negative. D.Indifferent.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了分析人類排泄物可以幫助檢測(cè)某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的異常水平，這可能會(huì)揭示某些疾病的跡象。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，對(duì)城市廢水的分析還可以洞察居民的健康和行為。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“If,asthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthislogic,itimpliesthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpdetectabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightrevealsignsofsomediseases.(俗話說，你吃什么就是什么，那么很顯然，你也會(huì)排泄出你是什么。如果我們遵循這個(gè)邏輯，這意味著我們的身體廢物反映了我們的飲食和整體健康。例如，分析人類排泄物可以幫助檢測(cè)某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的異常水平，這可能會(huì)揭示某些疾病的跡象)”可推知，作者在第一段提到這個(gè)例子是為了說明研究身體排泄物的價(jià)值。故選D?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itismuchcheaperthanalternativesamplingtechniques,andflexibleenoughtomonitoreverythingfromdrugusetodietandevenmentalhealth.(它比其他抽樣技術(shù)便宜得多，而且足夠靈活，可以監(jiān)測(cè)從藥物使用到飲食甚至心理健康的一切)”可知，與其他采樣技術(shù)相比，廢水監(jiān)測(cè)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是有更多的用途。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Wastewatersurveillancehasbeeanessentialtoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.Thisinnovativeapproachinvolvesanalyzingwastewatersamplestodetectandtrackthepresenceofvariousviruses,bacteria,andparasites(寄生蟲).Bymonitoringthegeneticmaterialoftheminwastewater,scientistsandpublichealthofficialscangainvaluableinsightsintothespreadofdiseaseswithinmunities.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherealternativemeansoftestingareexpensive.(廢水監(jiān)測(cè)已成為70多個(gè)國家監(jiān)測(cè)和管理公共衛(wèi)生的重要工具。這種創(chuàng)新的方法包括分析廢水樣本，以檢測(cè)和跟蹤各種病毒、細(xì)菌和寄生蟲的存在。通過監(jiān)測(cè)廢水中它們的遺傳物質(zhì)，科學(xué)家和公共衛(wèi)生官員可以獲得有關(guān)疾病在社區(qū)內(nèi)傳播的寶貴見解。在貧窮國家尤其如此，在那里，替代檢測(cè)手段是昂貴的)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是廢水在疾病檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用。故選C。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallybedetectedinwastewater.(它也可以應(yīng)用于許多其他領(lǐng)域。例如，警方可以采用該工具來發(fā)現(xiàn)犯罪行為。從吸食非法毒品到處理炸彈原料，任何事情都有可能在廢水中被檢測(cè)出來)”以及最后一段“Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfillitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameifprivacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.(但是，為了使廢水監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)揮其潛力，今天的系統(tǒng)必須轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦€(wěn)定、更有組織的系統(tǒng)。此外，測(cè)試機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該公開其能力的范圍，以及如何準(zhǔn)確地使用數(shù)據(jù)。他們還應(yīng)該咨詢被監(jiān)控的人。如果對(duì)隱私的擔(dān)憂導(dǎo)致對(duì)它的支持消失，那將是一件憾事)”可推知，作者提到了廢水監(jiān)測(cè)的好處以及缺點(diǎn)，即對(duì)廢水監(jiān)測(cè)持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選B。D(安徽省江淮名校20232024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次階段性聯(lián)考英語試題)Smartandhighlysensitive(靈敏的),anewsoftsensordevelopedbyUBC(UniversityofBritishColumbia)andHondaresearchersopensthedoortoawiderangeofapplicationsinroboticsandprosthetics(假肢).Whenappliedtothesurfaceofprostheticorroboticarms,thesensorskinprovidestouchsensitivityandflexibility,makingitpossiblefordifficulttaskstobepletedbymachines,suchaspickingupapieceofsoftfruit.Thesensorisalsosofttothetouch,likehumanskin,whichhelpsmakehumaninteractionssaferandmorelifelike.“Oursensorusesweakelectricfieldstosenseobjects,evenatadistance,muchastouchscreensdo.Butunliketouchscreens,thissensorissoftandcandetect(檢測(cè))forcesintoandalongitssurface,”explainedDr.JohnMadden,seniorstudyauthorandaprofessorofelectricalandputerengineeringwholeadstheAdvancedMaterialsandProcessEngineeringLaboratoryatUBC.TheUBCteamdevelopedthetechnologyincooperationwithFrontierRobotics,Honda’sresearchinstitute.Hondahasbeeninnovatinginhumanoidroboticssincethe1980s,anddevelopedthewellknownASIMO(AdvancedStepinInnovativeMobility)robot.IthasalsodevelopeddevicestoassistwalkingandtheemergingHondaAvatarRobot.“Dr.Madden’slabhassignificantexpertiseinflexiblesensorsandwe’rehappytocooperatewiththisteamindevelopingtouchsensorsthatcanbeappliedtorobots.”saidMr.IshizakiRyusuke,oneofthestudy’sleadauthorsandchiefengineeratFrontierRobotics.Dr.Maddensaid.“Humanskinhasahundredtimesmoresensingpointsonafingertipthanourtechnologydoes,makingiteasiertolightamatchorsew.Assensorscontinuetodeveloptobemoreskinlike,andcanalsodetecttemperatureandevendamage,thereisaneedforrobotstobesmarteraboutwhichsensorstopayattentiontoandhowtorespond.Developmentsinsensorsandartificialintelligencewillneedtogohandinhand.”32.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewsensor?A.Itssurfacefeelssoft. B.Itisfarfromsensitive.C.Itsinteractionwithhumansseemsunsafe. D.Itisunabletopickupapieceoffruit.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthenewsensor?A.Itstypes. B.Itsstructures.C.Itsadvantages. D.Itsdirectionsforuse.34.WhatisMr.IshizakiRyusuke’sattitudetowardtheUBCteam?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.35.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Humanskiniseasilyhurt. B.Afingertiphasfewsensingpoints.C.Sensorscanlightmatcheseasily. D.Robotsneedfurtherimprovement.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了一款由UBC和Honda研究人員共同開發(fā)的新型軟傳感器。這款傳感器具有高靈敏度和靈活性，適用于機(jī)器人和假肢等領(lǐng)域。文章中提到了該傳感器的工作原理、研究背景和應(yīng)用前景，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了傳感器和人工智能的協(xié)同發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesensorisalsosofttothetouch,likehumanskin,whichhelpsmakehumaninteractionssaferandmorelifelike.(這種傳感器摸起來也很柔軟，就像人的皮膚一樣，這有助于使人類的互動(dòng)更安全、更逼真)”可知，新傳感器的表面摸起來很軟。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段““Oursensorusesweakelectricfieldstosenseobjects,evenatadistance,muchastouchscreensdo.Butunliketouchscreens,thissensorissoftandcandetect(檢測(cè))forcesintoandalongitssurface,”explainedDr.JohnMadden,seniorstudyauthorandaprofessorofelectricalandputerengineeringwholeadstheAdvancedMaterialsandProcessEngineeringLaboratoryatUBC.(“我們的傳感器利用弱電場(chǎng)來感知物體，即使距離很遠(yuǎn)，就像觸摸屏一樣。但與觸摸屏不同的是，這種傳感器是柔軟的，可以檢測(cè)進(jìn)入其表面和沿著其表面的力，”約翰·馬登博士解釋說，他是高級(jí)研究作者，也是UBC先進(jìn)材料和工藝工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室的電氣和計(jì)算機(jī)工程教授)”可知，本段主要講述了新傳感器的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Dr.Madden’slabhassignificantexpertiseinflexiblesensorsandwe’rehappytocooperatewiththisteamindevelopingtouchsensorsthatcanbeappliedtorobots.”saidMr.IshizakiRyusuke,oneofthestudy’sleadauthorsandchiefengineeratFrontierRobotics.(“馬登博士的實(shí)驗(yàn)室在柔性傳感器方面擁有豐富的專業(yè)知識(shí)，我們很高興與這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，開發(fā)可應(yīng)用于機(jī)器人的觸摸傳感器。”這項(xiàng)研究的主要作者之一、FrontierRobotics的總工程師石崎龍介(IshizakiRyusuke)說)”可知，石崎龍助先生對(duì)UBC團(tuán)隊(duì)的態(tài)度是“肯定”的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Dr.Maddensaid.“Humanskinhasahundredtimesmoresensingpointsonafingertipthanourtechnologydoes,makingiteasiertolightamatchorsew.Assensorscontinuetodeveloptobemoreskinlike,andcanalsodetecttemperatureandevendamage,thereisaneedforrobotstobesmarteraboutwhichsensorstopayattentiontoandhowtorespond.Developmentsinsensorsandartificialintelligencewillneedtogohandinhand.”(馬登博士說。“人類皮膚指尖上的感應(yīng)點(diǎn)比我們的技術(shù)多出100倍，這使得它更容易點(diǎn)燃火柴或縫紉。隨著傳感器繼續(xù)向更接近皮膚的方向發(fā)展，并且還可以檢測(cè)溫度甚至損傷，機(jī)器人需要更智能地知道應(yīng)該關(guān)注哪些傳感器以及如何做出反應(yīng)。傳感器和人工智能的發(fā)展需要齊頭并進(jìn)。”)”可知，機(jī)器人需要更智能地知道應(yīng)該關(guān)注哪些傳感器以及如何做出反應(yīng)，所以機(jī)器人需要進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校協(xié)作20232024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試題)Formostpeopletravelingabroad,theirfirstchoiceisprobablytomakeabeelinefor(直奔)touristsights.Forme,Ifindlotsofjoyingrocery(食品雜貨店)shoppingonholiday.Asavegetarian(素食主義者),findingrestaurantsthatmeetmyneedsisnotalwayseasyabroad.____36____ThefirstthingIdo,afterdroppingmybagsoff,istogotoagrocerystore.Thatenablesmetocookbreakfastinthemorningwithoutwalkingaroundforhourstryingtofind“veganbreakfast”nearme.ThevarietyoffoodsattractsmeeverytimeItravelsomewherenew.InMalta,Ifoundthemostdeliciouschocolatefilledcakes,aproductIwouldstruggletofindevenintheUK.____37____IwassodelightedthatIcouldenjoysuchanunexpectedtreat.Anothersurprisewastheirselectionoficecreamavailableeveninthesmallestgrocerystores.____38____LookingforsmokedtofuandcornpancakesturnsintoquiteamissionwheneverIvisitClujNapocainRomania.Thereisusuallyonlyonevarietyofsmokedtofu,soldinaverysmalltub(食品盒)andonlyinthecafeteriasection.____39____Thatisbecausetheyareneveravailableatthesmallerones.Groceryshoppingonholidaysoundsunusual.Butitmeansbeinginvolvedinthedaytodaylivesofacountry’scitizens.IcanpretendIamalocalandputmyselfintheirshoes.Icanwatchkidsbeggingtheirparentsforsweets,aninternationalexperiencethatneedsnolanguage,orwatchcouplespickupsnacksanddrinksforapartyonaFridaynight.____40____A.Iendedupeatingtheseeverydayforbreakfast.B.Thechallengeoffindingfoodisinteresting,too.C.SoIalwaysmakesuretobookaplacewithakitchen.D.Groceryshoppingwasavitalpartoftheholidayexperience.E.It’sanactofunderstandingpeopleasmuchasofbuyingfood.F.pancakesalwaysrequireatriptothebiggergrocerystore.G.Bywanderingaroundinanewcountry,Istarttoseewhattheyvalue.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.F40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了作者作為素食主義者在旅行中喜歡去當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称冯s貨店購物，以便制作自己的食物。作者在不同的國家發(fā)現(xiàn)了各種各樣的食品，并通過購物體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)厥忻竦娜粘Ｉ?。作者認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)有趣而且可以讓自己像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯尤谌氘?dāng)?shù)匚幕淖龇ā！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Asavegetarian(素食主義者),findingrestaurantsthatmeetmyneedsisnotalwayseasyabroad.

(作為一名素食主義者，在國外找到滿足我需求的餐館并不總是那么容易。)”可知，作者是一名素食主義者，因此在旅游時(shí)找到滿足自己需求的餐館并不容易，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)該指出作者在旅游時(shí)如何解決該問題。C選項(xiàng)“SoIalwaysmakesuretobookaplacewithakitchen.(所以我總是確保預(yù)定一個(gè)帶廚房的地方。)”承接前文，指出為解決在外旅游飲食問題，作者總是確保預(yù)定一個(gè)帶廚房的地方，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“InMalta,Ifoundthemostdeliciouschocolatefilledcakes,aproductIwouldstruggletofindevenintheUK.

(在馬耳他，我找到了最美味的巧克力夾心蛋糕，這種產(chǎn)品即使在英國也很難找到。)”可知，作者遇到了一個(gè)美味的巧克力夾心蛋糕。A選項(xiàng)“Iendedupeatingtheseeverydayforbreakfast.(后來我每天早餐都吃這個(gè)。)”中的these指代前文的chocolatefilledcakes，形成呼應(yīng)，指出作者每天早餐都吃夾心巧克力蛋糕，符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“LookingforsmokedtofuandcornpancakesturnsintoquiteamissionwheneverIvisitClujNapocainRomania.

(每當(dāng)我去羅馬尼亞的克盧日納波卡時(shí)，尋找熏豆腐和玉米煎餅就成了一項(xiàng)相當(dāng)艱巨的任務(wù)。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)作者喜歡在旅游