河北省保定市部分學(xué)校高一上學(xué)期1月月考英語(yǔ)試題

高一英語(yǔ)2024年1月聯(lián)考試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichdresswillthewomantryon?A.Thegreenone.B.Theblackone.C.Theblueone.2.Whatplantsgrowbestthisyearaccordingtothewoman?A.Beans.B.Tomatoes.C.Potatoes.3.Howdidthewomanfindtheman’shouse?A.Shesearchedonline.B.Shecalledtoaskafriend.C.Shefollowedtheroadsign.4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Sendapackage.B.Headtoarestaurant.C.Collectmoreinformationaboutweather.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthecar.B.Inthehotel.C.Atthegasstation.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesn’tthewomanlikethepainting?A.Shecan’tappreciateitscolors.B.Shethinksitlooksunreal.C.Shedoesn’tliketheartist.7.Whatfactorofapaintingshouldpeoplepayattentiontoaccordingtotheman?A.Emotions.B.Details.C.Styles.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whataretheticketsfor?A.Aradioshow.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Afootballmatch.9.Howdidtheman’sfathergetthetickets?A.Hewonthem.B.Heboughtthem.C.Hegotthemfromamunity.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Neighbors.C.Familymembers.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whendidthepreviousearthquakehappen?A.Lastyear.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Tenyearsago.12.Whatdidthemandotohelp?A.Hemadefoodforpeople.B.Heprovidedaplaceforpeopletostay.C.Hesavedsomepeoplefromruinedbuildings.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Takeatest.B.Buysomefurniture.C.Designabuilding.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whyisthemanconcernedaboutthewoman?A.Shehasbeenabsentfromclass.B.Sheperformedpoorlyinherhomework.C.Shehasseemedtobeunderpressure.15.Whoistheman?A.Thewoman’steacher.B.Thewoman’sfriend.C.Thewoman’sfather.16.Whydidthemanbeginmakingschedules?A.Hedidn’tbalancestudyandlifewell.B.Hisparentsaskedhimtodothat.C.Heattendedaclassaboutthat.第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thefutureofdoctors.B.Thenewwaysofcreatingmedicine.C.Theprogressofdigitalhealthcaretechnology,18.What’sthespeaker’sattitudetowardsnewtechnology?A.Worried.B.Optimistic.C.Scared.19.WhathashelpedtofindmedicineforEbola?A.Superputers.B.Virtualreality.C.AI.20.Whatdodoctorshopetodoaccordingtothetalk?A.Tocreatenewdrugs.B.Tohavepowerfulequipment.C.Topredictsomediseases.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheHenanMuseumwasfoundedin1927,andisoneofthefirstmuseumsinChina.Let’stakealookatsomefavoritesofthemuseum’scollections.JiahubonefluteTheNeolithicAge,around10,000yearsagoTheJiahubonefluteistheoldestChinesemusicalinstrument.Itisalsotheearliestknownwindinstrumentintheworld.Peoplefoundmorethan40boneflutesinJiahu,Henan.Theyareallmadeofbirdbones.Mostofthemhavesevenholes.Ourancestorsfoundawaytomakemusicalinstrumentswithnicesounds.‘Fuhao’owlshapedzunTheShangDynasty(c.16thcentury11centuryBC)PeopleintheShangDynastythoughttheowlwasapowerfulbird.ThisowlshiapedbronzewarewasfoundinthetombofFuhao.FuhaowasaqueenintheShangDynasty.Insomepeople’seyes,shewasawargoddess.BronzejinwithclouddesignTheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770476BC)Jinisatableforwinecupsandpots.It’storemindpeoplenottogetdrunk.It’sraretofindjin.Thisjinismadeupofmanycloudshapedparts.Anditis1.03meterslong!GoldslipofWuZetianTheTangDynasty(690705AD)EmpressWuZetianwastheonlyempressinChina.Intheyear700,theempressorderedtomakeagoldslipandofferittothemountaintoshowherrespect.Shehopeditcouldprotectherfromevilanddisease.TheHenanMuseumoffersonlinevideoclassesaboutculturalrelics,traditionalcultureandmuchmore.Clicktheofficialwebsiteofthemuseum,andletthefunandlearningbegin!1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJiahuboneflute?A.It’stheoldestmusicalinstrumentintheworld.B.Allbonefluteshavesevenholes.C.It’smadeofbirdbone.D.Lessthan40bonefluteswerefoundinJiahu,Henan.2.Whichoftheaboveartifactsisthelatest?A.‘Fuhao’owlshapedzun. B.GoldslipofWuZetian.C.Jiahuboneflute. D.Bronzejinwithclouddesign.3.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebpage. B.Anovel. C.Areport. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了河南博物館的歷史背景、其中的一些重要藏品以及這些藏品的歷史背景和文化意義。文章通過(guò)列舉具體的文物并解釋其重要性、來(lái)源和用途，向讀者傳遞了關(guān)于中國(guó)古代文化、藝術(shù)和歷史的信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Jiahuboneflute部分中的“Theyareallmadeofbirdbones.(它們都是用鳥(niǎo)骨頭做的。)”可知，賈湖骨笛是用鳥(niǎo)骨頭制成的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)A“‘Fuhao’owlshapedzun”屬于“TheShangDynasty(c.16thcentury11centuryBC)(商朝(公元前16世紀(jì)公元前11世紀(jì)))”、選項(xiàng)B“GoldslipofWuZetian”屬于“TheTangDynasty(690705AD)(唐朝(公元690705年))”、選項(xiàng)C“Jiahuboneflute”屬于“TheNeolithicAge,around10,000yearsago(大約一萬(wàn)年前的新石器時(shí)代)”以及選項(xiàng)D“Bronzejinwithclouddesign”屬于“TheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770476BC)(春秋時(shí)期(公元前770476年))”。通過(guò)比較這些時(shí)期，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)GoldslipofWuZetian（武則天的金簡(jiǎn)）是最晚的，因?yàn)樗鼘儆谔瞥?，而其他文物都屬于更早的時(shí)期。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheHenanMuseumoffersonlinevideoclassesaboutculturalrelics,traditionalcultureandmuchmore.Clicktheofficialwebsiteofthemuseum,andletthefunandlearningbegin!(河南博物館提供有關(guān)文物、傳統(tǒng)文化等方面的在線視頻課程。點(diǎn)擊博物館官方網(wǎng)站，讓樂(lè)趣和學(xué)習(xí)開(kāi)始吧!)”可推測(cè)，文章最有可能來(lái)源于一個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)，因?yàn)樗榻B了河南博物館的藏品和在線服務(wù)，并鼓勵(lì)讀者點(diǎn)擊官方網(wǎng)站進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。BSnowboardingathleteSuYiminglefthisnameinthehistorybooksbywinningChina’sfirstOlympicgoldinthesportonTuesdaytocaphisamazingGamesdebut(首秀).Bycleanlyfinishingbacktoback1800tricks,theteenagerlandedthebiggestprizesofarinhisyoungcareer—goldinthemen’sBigAirattheBeijingWinterOlympics.Theachievementrealizedachildhooddreamtoreachthepeakofthesport,whichhebegantolearnattheageof4.Nowwithtwoshinningmedals,includingaslopestylesilver,hungaroundhisneck,the17yearolddescribedhissuperbOlympicdebutasacrazyexperiencethathasmadeallhiseffortworthwhile.“ThisfeelssounrealthatI’vefinallyacplishedwhatI’vedreamedofsinceIwaslittle,”Susaidafterfinishinghisthirdrunasavictorylap.Overthepastfouryears,Suhasbinedhistalentwithhardwork—undertheguidanceoffamousJapanesecoachYasuhiroSato—toproduceoneoftheswiftestrisestoexcellencethesporthaseverseen.WhentheShougangBigAirvenuehosteditsfirstinternationalevent—aWorldCupmeetin2019—Suwasanunknownqualifier,whodidn’tevenmakethefinalruns.Justovertwoyearslater,Suisthenameoneveryone’slipsatthevenue’sOlympicdebut—drawingthewholenation’sattentiontothesportheloves.“Thebiggestmotivationformeismyloveforsnowboarding,”Susaid,whenaskedaboutthesecrettohissuccess.“Insnowboarding,IfeellikeIcandemonstratemyownstyleandcreativity.EverytimeIridemyboard,it’salwaysawonderfulmoment.Ihopethroughmyexperience,Icaninspiremoreyoungpeopletogetinterestedinthesport.”Su,aformerchildactorwhofeaturedinactionmovies,saidtheOlympicgoldwouldencouragehimtoseekformorebreakthroughs—evenbeyondhisathleticcareer.4.WhatwasSuYiming’schildhooddream?A.TowinagoldmedalinOlympics. B.Tobeeaprofessionalathlete.C.Toreachthetopofthesport. D.Todemonstratehisownstyleandcreativity.5.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.SuwononechampionshipinBeijingWinterOlympics.B.Suhasbeenanexcellentathletesincehechosethegame.C.SuwonasilvermedalinthefirstinternationaleventinShougangBigAirvenue.D.Sudrewthewholenation’sattentionwhenhewasanactionmovieactor.6.WhatcharacteristicsofSucanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Talentedandhardworking. B.Braveandkindhearted.C.Humorousandoutgoing. D.Ambitiousandhelpful.7.WhatcontributesmosttoSuYiming’ssuccess?A.Histalent. B.Hiscoach’shelp.C.Hishardwork. D.Hispassionforsnowboarding.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了周二，蘇翊鳴為中國(guó)在滑雪項(xiàng)目上贏得了首枚奧運(yùn)金牌，從而一舉成名?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Theachievementrealizedachildhooddreamtoreachthepeakofthesport,whichhebegantolearnattheageof4.(這一成就實(shí)現(xiàn)了他童年的夢(mèng)想，達(dá)到了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂峰，他從4歲開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，蘇翊鳴兒時(shí)夢(mèng)想成為這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)最頂尖運(yùn)動(dòng)員。peak與選項(xiàng)C中top同義，故選C項(xiàng)。5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“SnowboardingathleteSuYiminglefthisnameinthehistorybooksbywinningChina’sfirstOlympicgoldinthesportonTuesdaytocaphisamazingGamesdebut(首秀).(周二，中國(guó)單板滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)員蘇翊鳴贏得了中國(guó)首枚奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌，為他在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的首次亮相畫上了句號(hào))”和第二段“Bycleanlyfinishingbacktoback1800tricks,theteenagerlandedthebiggestprizesofarinhisyoungcareer—goldinthemen’sBigAirattheBeijingWinterOlympics.(在連續(xù)完成1800個(gè)花樣后，這位少年在北京冬奧會(huì)獲得了他職業(yè)生涯迄今為止最大的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)——男子大跳臺(tái)項(xiàng)目的金牌。)”可知蘇翊鳴在北京冬奧會(huì)獲得一枚金牌。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Overthepastfouryears,Suhasbinedhistalentwithhardwork—undertheguidanceoffamousJapanesecoachYasuhiroSato—toproduceoneoftheswiftestrisestoexcellencethesporthaseverseen.(在過(guò)去的四年里，在日本著名教練佐藤康弘的指導(dǎo)下，蘇翊鳴將自己的天賦與努力相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)有史以來(lái)最迅速的成就)”可推知，蘇翊鳴是一個(gè)有天賦且努力工作的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的““Thebiggestmotivationformeismyloveforsnowboarding,”Susaid,whenaskedaboutthesecrettohissuccess.(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及成功的秘訣時(shí)，蘇翊鳴說(shuō)：“對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，最大的動(dòng)力是我對(duì)單板滑雪的熱愛(ài)?！?”可知，他對(duì)單板滑雪的熱情是他成功的秘訣。故選D項(xiàng)。CAmurtigeringfromthecoldThenumberofAmurtigers,alsoknownasSiberiantigers,removingfromRussiaintonortheasternChina,isrisingbecauseoflowerlevelsofhumanactivity,improvementsintheirhabitatandasmoothertransitcorridor(走廊)betweenthecountries,expertssaid.TheareathetigerslivedacrosstheSinoRussianborderexpandedbyabout12kilometerseverythreeyearsfrom2003to2016.“ThisexpansionhighlightstheimportanceoftheconstructionoftheSinoRussiancrossborderenvironmentalcorridorfortigers.Datafromtheresearchteamshowthatbetween2013and2016,nearly80percentofthetigerswalkedbackandforthacrosstheborder.AsnaturalhabitatsarebeingrepairedinChina,moreAmurtigersaregivingbirthandraisingcubsinthecountry,meaningthattheyaregraduallyexpandingintoChina.”JiangGuangshun,aprofessorofwildanimalresourcesattheNortheastForestryUniversityinHarbin,Heilongjiangprovince,said.In2021,itwasannouncedthattheNortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalParkwouldbebuilt,alongwithfourotherparksacrossthecountry.Bytheendof2021,thenumberofwildAmurtigerslivingintheareahadrisento50from27in2017.Jiangsaidthatbeforethe1980s,atleast150AmurtigerslivedintheforestsofNortheastChina.However,economicdevelopmentintheareasawtheirnumbersfalltoabout12.Thecollaborationbetweentheseneighboringparkscreatesasharedhomefortheanimals.Effortsarerequiredbybothsidestopromotethecorridor,hesaid.WangZhigang,headofDongning’sforestrybureausaid:“Asthepopulationofpreyspeciesincludingwildboaranddeerrises,AmurtigersaregoingfartherintoChinaforfood.Tigerfurhasbeenseeninditches(溝)alongtheborders.Theexpansionofthetigers’rangeisexpectedtocontinue.Thecentralgovernmenthastakenmeasurestoprotectthesetigers.”8.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakethestoryinteresting. B.Todrawpeople’sattention.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toattractthereader.9.WhatdoestheexpansionoftigersettlementsacrosstheSinoRussianborderstress?A.NaturalhabitatsarebeingrepairedinChina. B.Thepopulationofthetigershasincreased80%.C.ThetigersaregraduallyexpandingintoChina. D.It’simportanttoconstructthiscorridorfortigers.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collaboration”inparagraph4probablymean?A.petition. B.Teamwork. C.Challenge. D.Arrangement.11.Whatwilltheauthorcontinuetowriteattheendofthispassage?A.Thebenefitsoftheanimalprotection. B.Thespecificcontentofthemeasures.C.Thepopulationofthetigers. D.Thechangesofthehabitat.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了由于人類活動(dòng)減少、棲息地改善及中俄跨境生態(tài)走廊的暢通，東北虎數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，并向中國(guó)東北地區(qū)擴(kuò)展的趨勢(shì)。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThenumberofAmurtigers,alsoknownasSiberiantigers,removingfromRussiaintonortheasternChina,isrisingbecauseoflowerlevelsofhumanactivity,improvementsintheirhabitatandasmoothertransitcorridor(走廊)betweenthecountries,expertssaid.(專家表示，由于人類活動(dòng)水平降低、棲息地改善以及兩國(guó)之間更順暢的過(guò)境走廊，從俄羅斯進(jìn)入中國(guó)東北的東北虎（也稱為西伯利亞虎）數(shù)量正在上升)”可知，第一段的目的是引入主題，介紹文章主要講的是從俄羅斯到中國(guó)遷移的東北虎數(shù)量增加。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThisexpansionhighlightstheimportanceoftheconstructionoftheSinoRussiancrossborderenvironmentalcorridorfortigers.(這種擴(kuò)張凸顯了中俄跨境老虎環(huán)境走廊建設(shè)的重要性)”可知，中俄邊境老虎定居點(diǎn)的擴(kuò)大強(qiáng)調(diào)了為老虎建造這條走廊的重要性。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“theseneighboringparkscreatesasharedhomefortheanimals(這些相鄰的公園的……為動(dòng)物們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)共同的家園)”及“Effortsarerequiredbybothsidestopromotethecorridor,hesaid.(他說(shuō)，雙方都需要努力促進(jìn)走廊的建設(shè))”可知，相鄰公園之間的合作為動(dòng)物們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)共享的家園，雙方共同努力促進(jìn)走廊建設(shè)，故第四段中劃線詞“collaboration”與B選項(xiàng)“團(tuán)隊(duì)合作”意思相近。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thecentralgovernmenthastakenmeasurestoprotectthesetigers.(中央政府已經(jīng)采取措施保護(hù)這些老虎)”可知，下一步作者將介紹中央政府做的關(guān)于保護(hù)東北虎的具體措施。故選B。DBuyingshampoocanbechallenging—therearesomanybrandstochoosefrom,acrossahugerangeofprices.Somebrandspromisetorepairandnourishourhair,whileotherspromisetostrengthenandaddvolume.Butareanyoftheseclaimstrue?Doweevenneedshampooatall?Sincelongbeforeshampoowasinvented—somesayinIndia—ourbodieshavebeenproducingsebum(皮脂)whichkeepsourskinfromgettingdry,managesthehealthofourheadskinandmakesourhairshiny.Butitalsocollectsdirt,and,ifleftuntouchedfortoolong,sebumcancauseourhairtobeeoily.Therearenodisadvantagestolettingourhairbeoily,saysEleanoreRichardson,TrichologistatFulhamScalpandHairClinic,butmanypeoplechoosetowashtheirhairregularlyforaesthetic(審美的)reasons.Andsowereachfortheshampoobottle.Shampooscontainagroupofchemicalscalledsurfacents(表面活性劑).Theygrabthedirtandoilfromthesurfaceofourhair,meaningwhenwewashdowntheshampoo,wealsowashawaytheoiland.dirt.But,asLauraWaters,who’saProfessorofPharmaceuticalAnalysisintheSchoolofAppliedSciencesatHuddersfieldUniversity;pointsout,“somesurfacentsworktoowell”andtakethenaturaloilsoutofthehair,aswell.Moreexpensiveshampoosmaycontainlessharshsurfacents,butaddsLauraWaters—thetypeofshampoodoesn’treallymatter.It’sonourhairverybrieflyandgetswashedaway.”It’stheconditionersandstylingproductsthatweuseaftertheshampoothatmakeabiggerdifferencetothefeelofourhair.Ofcourse,themoreweputontoourhair,themoreweneedtowashitoff,creatingaunhealthycircle.So,yes,itseemswedohaveaneedforshampoo,butwealsoshouldn’texpectittobeamiraclecure.And,finally,nexttimeyou’rebuyingshampoo,rememberthathairismadeupofdeadproteincellsandthat,sadly,noteventhemostexpensiveshampoocanbringthembacktolife.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theadvantageofsebum. B.Thesourceofsebum.C.Thetypeofsebum. D.Thefunctionofsebum.13.WhatdoweknowaboutaccordingtoLauraWaters?A.Expensiveshampooscontaininglessharshsurfacentsisbetterforourhair.B.Somesurfacentsofshampooscanremovethenaturaloilsoutofthehair.C.Itisthesurfacentsofshampoosthatmakeabiggerdifferencetothefeelofourhair.D.It’snotnecessarytowashourhairregularlyforaestheticreasons.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsexpensiveshampoo?A.Disapproving. B.Supportive. C.Positive. D.Indifferent.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?AShampoo—Anecessityornot. B.Shampoo—AnexpensiveproductC.Shampoo—Amagicalcureforourhair. D.Shampoo—Achallengetobuy.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是洗發(fā)水品牌會(huì)讓人應(yīng)接不暇，并且對(duì)此有各種說(shuō)法，作者認(rèn)為，下次購(gòu)買洗發(fā)水的時(shí)候，要記住，頭發(fā)是由死亡的蛋白質(zhì)細(xì)胞組成的，即使是最昂貴的洗發(fā)水也無(wú)法讓它們復(fù)活，這樣你能做出更好的決定?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Sincelongbeforeshampoowasinvented—somesayinIndia—ourbodieshavebeenproducingsebum(皮脂)whichkeepsourskinfromgettingdry,managesthehealthofourheadskinandmakesourhairshiny.Butitalsocollectsdirt,and,ifleftuntouchedfortoolong,sebumcancauseourhairtobeeoily.(早在洗發(fā)水發(fā)明之前很久——有人說(shuō)是印度——我們的身體就開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生皮脂，它能防止我們的皮膚變干，管理頭皮健康，使我們的頭發(fā)有光澤。但它也會(huì)收集污垢，如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不處理，皮脂會(huì)導(dǎo)致我們的頭發(fā)變得油膩)可知，本段主要講述了皮脂的功能。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Andsowereachfortheshampoobottle.Shampooscontainagroupofchemicalscalledsurfacents(表面活性劑).Theygrabthedirtandoilfromthesurfaceofourhair,meaningwhenwewashdowntheshampoo,wealsowashawaytheoilanddirt.But,asLauraWaters,who’saProfessorofPharmaceuticalAnalysisintheSchoolofAppliedSciencesatHuddersfieldUniversity;pointsout,“somesurfacentsworktoowell”andtakethenaturaloilsoutofthehair,aswell.(于是我們伸手去拿洗發(fā)水。洗發(fā)水中含有一組稱為表面活性劑的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它們從我們頭發(fā)的表面抓取污垢和油脂，這意味著當(dāng)我們沖洗洗發(fā)水時(shí)，我們也洗掉了油脂和污垢。但是，哈德斯菲爾德大學(xué)應(yīng)用科學(xué)學(xué)院藥物分析學(xué)教授LauraWaters指出，“有些表面活性劑效果太好”，也能把頭發(fā)中的天然油脂帶走)可知，根據(jù)LauraWaters的說(shuō)法，洗發(fā)水中的某些表面活性劑會(huì)把頭發(fā)中的天然油脂去除掉。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Moreexpensiveshampoosmaycontainlessharshsurfacents,butaddsLauraWatersthetypeofshampoodoesn’treallymatter.It’sonourhairverybrieflyandgetswashedaway.(更貴的洗發(fā)水可能含有刺激性較小的表面活性劑，但LauraWaters補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，洗發(fā)水的類型并不重要。它在我們的頭發(fā)上停留的時(shí)間非常短，然后就被沖走了)”以及最后一段“And,finally,nexttimeyou’rebuyingshampoo,rememberthathairismadeupofdeadproteincellsandthat,sadly,noteventhemostexpensiveshampoocanbringthembacktolife(最后，下次你在洗發(fā)水貨架時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住頭發(fā)是由死去的蛋白質(zhì)細(xì)胞組成的，遺憾的是，即使是最昂貴的洗發(fā)水也無(wú)法讓它們起死回生)”可推知，作者對(duì)于昂貴的洗發(fā)水持不贊成的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Buyingshampoocanbechallenging—therearesomanybrandstochoosefrom,acrossahugerangeofprices.Somebrandspromisetorepairandnourishourhair,whileotherspromisetostrengthenandaddvolume.Butareanyoftheseclaimstrue?Doweevenneedshampooatall?(購(gòu)買洗發(fā)水可能是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)——有如此多的品牌可供選擇，價(jià)格范圍巨大。一些品牌承諾修復(fù)和滋養(yǎng)我們的頭發(fā)，而另一些品牌則承諾增強(qiáng)頭發(fā)并增加蓬松度。但這些說(shuō)法是真的嗎？我們真的需要洗發(fā)水嗎？)”以及最后一段“So,yes,itseemswedohaveaneedforshampoo,butwealsoshouldn’texpectittobeamiraclecure.And,finally,nexttimeyou’reinashampooaisle,rememberthathairismadeupofdeadproteincellsandthat,sadly,noteventhemostexpensiveshampoocanbringthembacktolife.(所以，是的，我們似乎確實(shí)需要洗發(fā)水，但我們也不應(yīng)期望它是一種靈丹妙藥。最后，下次你在洗發(fā)水貨架時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住頭發(fā)是由死去的蛋白質(zhì)細(xì)胞組成的，遺憾的是，即使是最昂貴的洗發(fā)水也無(wú)法讓它們起死回生)”可知，本文主要探討了洗發(fā)水是否是必需品這一問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsForMakingTravelEasy&FunCuriousabouthowtotraveltheworld?I’vebeentravelingaroundtheworldformanyyearsasadigitalnomad.AndIhavetonsofusefultraveltipsfrommyjourney.I’llsharemyfavoriteoneswithyouall.MakeyourselfpatientPatienceismytoptraveltip.Don’tsweatthethingsyoucan’tcontrol.Lifeismuchtooshorttobeangryandannoyedallthetimewhiletraveling.Didyoumissyourbus?____16____.ATMoutofmoney?Great!Takeanunplannedroadtriptothenexttownandexplore.Iknowitcanbehardsometimes,butjusttakeadeepbreathandremindyourselfthatitcouldbeworse.____17____Risebeforesunrisetohavethebestattractionsalltoyourselfwhileavoidinglargetouristcrowds.It’salsoamagicaltimeforphotosduetosoftdiffusedlight,andit’susuallyeasiertointeractwithlocalsgettingreadyfortheirday.ObservedailylifearoundyouIfyoureallywanttogetafeelforthepulseofaplace,whynotspendafewhourssittinginaparkoronabusystreetcornerbyyourselfjustwatchingdaytodaylifehappeninfrontofyou.____18____:thesmells,thecolors,thesounds,andhumaninteractions.You’llreallyabsorbthedestination,andrememberthesemomentslongafteryouleave.Laughatyourselfsometimes____19____.Ratherthangetembarrassed,laughatyourself.Don’tbeafraidtoscrewup,anddon’ttakelifesoseriously.Relax!OnetimeawholebusfullofGuatemalanslaughedwithgleewhenIforcedthebusdrivertostopsoIcouldcatchupmyhatblownawaybythewindonthesideoftheroad.VolunteeroccasionallyMakeitapointtovolunteersomeofyourtimeforworthwhileprojectswhentraveling.____20____,butyou’lloftenlearnmoreaboutthecountryanditspeoplewhilealsomakingsomenewfriends.A.YouneedtogettherebeforethebusarrivesB.Noworries,therewillbeanotheroneC.NotonlyisitaveryrewardingexperienceD.YouwilldefinitelylooklikeafoolmanytimesE.BreakoutofyourfortzoneF.WakeupearlytoavoidcrowdsG.Slowdownyourtrainofthoughtandpaycloseattentiontothedetailsaroundyou【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了讓旅行變得輕松愉快的一些建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Didyoumissyourbus?(你錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車了嗎？)”說(shuō)明錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車的情況，空處需要一個(gè)關(guān)于錯(cuò)過(guò)交通工具后的應(yīng)對(duì)建議，選項(xiàng)B“別擔(dān)心，還會(huì)有下一輛的”符合語(yǔ)境，表達(dá)了耐心對(duì)待錯(cuò)過(guò)公交車的情況。故選B。【17題詳解】下文“Risebeforesunrisetohavethebestattractionsalltoyourselfwhileavoidinglargetouristcrowds.(在日出之前起床，這樣你可以獨(dú)自享受最佳景點(diǎn)，同時(shí)避開(kāi)大量的游客人群)”說(shuō)明本段引入了早起利用清晨時(shí)光游覽景點(diǎn)并避免人流的策略，空處作為本段的小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是一個(gè)概括性的建議，引導(dǎo)下文關(guān)于早起避免人群相關(guān)的建議，選項(xiàng)F“早點(diǎn)起床以避開(kāi)人群”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?8題詳解】上文“Ifyoureallywanttogetafeelforthepulseofaplace,whynotspendafewhourssittinginaparkoronabusystreetcornerbyyourselfjustwatchingdaytodaylifehappeninfrontofyou.(如果你真的想感受一個(gè)地方的脈搏，為什么不花幾個(gè)小時(shí)獨(dú)自坐在公園或繁忙的街角，看著日常生活發(fā)生在你面前)”及下文“thesmells,thecolors,thesounds,andhumaninteractions(氣味、顏色、聲音和人類互動(dòng))”說(shuō)明與觀察日常生活相關(guān)的建議及觀察細(xì)節(jié)，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)G“放慢你的思緒，仔細(xì)觀察你周圍的細(xì)節(jié)。”承接上文的觀察日常生活，并引出下文觀察的具體方面，符合語(yǔ)境，空后“thesmells,thecolors,thesounds,andhumaninteractions”與選項(xiàng)G中“thedetailsaroundyou”相呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?9題詳解】下文“Ratherthangetembarrassed,laughatyourself.(與其感到尷尬，不如自嘲)”說(shuō)明笑對(duì)旅行中的尷尬時(shí)刻，空處應(yīng)填入與自嘲相關(guān)的建議，選項(xiàng)D“你肯定會(huì)多次看起來(lái)像個(gè)傻瓜”與下文邏輯連貫，指出在旅途中難免會(huì)出糗，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?0題詳解】上文“Makeitapointtovolunteersomeofyourtimeforworthwhileprojectswhentraveling.(在旅行時(shí)，務(wù)必抽出一些時(shí)間去為有意義項(xiàng)目做志愿者)”及下文“butyou’lloftenlearnmoreaboutthecountryanditspeoplewhilealsomakingsomenewfriends.(但你會(huì)在過(guò)程中更多地了解這個(gè)國(guó)家及其人民，同時(shí)還會(huì)結(jié)交一些新朋友)”說(shuō)明可以在旅行中做一些志愿者服務(wù)，空處承上啟下，應(yīng)闡述做志愿者給旅行帶來(lái)的好處，C選項(xiàng)“這不僅是一次非常有益的經(jīng)歷”很好地承接前文，并且與后文構(gòu)成“notonly...but(also)...”結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了志愿活動(dòng)的多重正面影響，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Severalyearsago,ateacherwashiredandsenttovisitchildrenwhowerepatientsinacityhospital.Herjobwastoteachthemwiththeirschoolworksotheywouldn’tbetoofar___21___whenwellenoughtoreturntoschool.Oneday,thisteacherreceivedacall___22___thatshevisitaparticularboy.Shewastoldbytheteacherontheotherendoftheline,“We’restudyingnounsandadverbsnow.I’dbe___23___ifyoucouldhelphimwithhishomeworksohedoesn’tfallbehindtheothers.”Itwasn’tuntilthevisitingteachergotoutsidetheboy’sroomthatshe___24___itwaslocatedinthehospital’sburnunit.Whenshehadfinallywalkedintotheroom,shefoundtheyoungboy,___25___urned,wasobviouslyingreat___26___.Theteacherfeltawkwardanddidn'tknowwhattosay.Finallyshewasabletostammerout(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō)).“I’mthespecialvisitinghospitalteacher,andyourteacher___27___metohelpyouwithyournounsandadverbs.”Afterward,shethoughtitwasnotoneofhermost___28___lessons.Thenextmorningwhenshereturned,oneofthenursesaskedher,“WhatdidyoudotothatBoy?”Beforeshecouldfinishherapology,thenurse___29___herbysaying,“Youdon’tunderstand.We’vebeen___30___abouthim,buteversinceyouwerehereyesterdayhiswhole___31___haschanged.He’sfightingback,respondingtotreatment...it’s___32___he’sdecidedtolive.”Theboyhimselflater___33___thathehadpletelygivenup___34___andfelthewasgoingtodie,untilhesawthatspecialteacher.Withhappytearsinhiseyes,thelittleboyexpresseditlikethis:“Theywouldn’tsendaspecialteachertoworkonnounsandadverbswitha___35___boy,now,wouldthey?”21.A.off B.away C.apart D.behind22.A.requesting B.insisting C.urging D.advising23A.concerned B.addicted C.proud D.grateful24.A.realized B.recognized C.appreciated D.observed25A.hardly B.narrowly C.terribly D.slightly26.A.fort B.pain C.joy D.stress27.A.allowed B.forced C.preferred D.sent28.A.successful B.interesting C.professional D.important29.A.remended B.forgave C.interrupted D.quit30.A.curious B.worried C.nervous D.confused31.A.impression B.awareness C.attitude D.gratitude32.A.incase B.sothat C.eventhough D.asthough33.A.explained B.protested C.referred D.delivered34.A.interest B.hope C.spirit D.courage35.A.peting B.inspiring C.dying D.desiring【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重?zé)齻哪泻⒁驗(yàn)閷W(xué)校派了一位老師到醫(yī)院輔導(dǎo)他學(xué)習(xí)名詞和副詞而重拾求生的意念、積極配合治療的故事。【21題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：她的工作是教他們做功課，這樣他們就不會(huì)落后太多，當(dāng)他們恢復(fù)得足夠好時(shí)就可以回學(xué)校了。A.off脫離；B.away遠(yuǎn)離；C.apart分開(kāi)；D.behind在后面。根據(jù)上文“Herjobwastoteachthemwiththeirschoolworksotheywouldn’tbetoofar”可知，老師的工作是教住院的孩子功課，避免他們落后太多，后文“hedoesn’tfallbehindtheothers.”也是提示。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，這位老師接到一個(gè)，要求她去看望一個(gè)特別的男孩。A.requesting要求；B.insisting堅(jiān)持；C.urging催促；D.advising建議。根據(jù)后文“thatshevisitaparticularboy”指里要求老師去看望一個(gè)特別的男孩。故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你能幫助他做家庭作業(yè)，這樣他就不會(huì)落后于別人了，我會(huì)很感激的。A.concerned擔(dān)心的；B.addicted成癮的；C.proud驕傲的；D.grateful感謝的。根據(jù)后文“ifyoucouldhelphimwithhishomeworksohedoesn’tfallbehindtheothers”可知，對(duì)方表達(dá)了對(duì)這位老師幫助這個(gè)孩子的感激。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到來(lái)訪的老師走到男孩的房間外面，她才意識(shí)到男孩的房間位于醫(yī)院的燒傷科。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.recognized認(rèn)出；C.appreciated感激；D.observed觀察。根據(jù)后文“itwaslocatedinthehospital’sburnunit.”指這位老師意識(shí)到男孩的房間位于醫(yī)院的燒傷科。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她終于走進(jìn)房間時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)小男孩被嚴(yán)重?zé)齻@然非常痛苦。A.hardly幾乎不；B.narrowly狹窄地；C.terribly嚴(yán)重地；D.slightly稍微。根據(jù)后文“burned,wasobviouslyingreat”可知，男孩嚴(yán)重?zé)齻９蔬xC?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她終于走進(jìn)房間時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)小男孩被嚴(yán)重?zé)齻?，顯然非常痛苦。A.fort安慰；B.pain痛苦；C.joy快樂(lè)；D.stress壓力。根據(jù)上文“burned,wasobviouslyingreat”可知，小男孩被嚴(yán)重?zé)齻?，顯然非常痛苦。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后她終于結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō)：“我是醫(yī)院的特約來(lái)訪老師，你的老師派我來(lái)幫你補(bǔ)習(xí)名詞和副詞?！盇.allowed允許；B.forced迫使；C.preferred偏愛(ài)；D.sent派遣。根據(jù)后文“metohelpyouwithyournounsandadverbs”可知，這位老師是男孩的老師派來(lái)教男孩名詞和副詞的。sendsb.todosth.表示“派某人做某事”。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)，她認(rèn)為這不是她最成功的課程之一。A.successful成功的；B.interesting有趣的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)后文