江蘇省徐州市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25江蘇省徐州市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小過知閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingat?A.Apot.B.Apainting.CAphotograph.2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callataxi.B.Getaguitar.C.Gotoanothercounter.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandemployee.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Doctorandpatient.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastadium.B.Intheirhome.C.Inatheater.5.Whycouldn'tthewomanfindherwallet?A.Itwasinthecar.B.ItwascoveredbysomeclothesC.Itwasundersomebooks.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題．6.WhatmakesJoshfeelbadrightnow?A.Bread.B.Amushroomdish.C.Hotpeppers.7.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Angry.B.Excited.C.Surprised.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredidthemanfindoutaboutthead?A.Fromthenewspaper.B.FromtheInternet.C.Fromaradiostation.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuyatfirst?A.Asofa.B.Acomputer.C.Awashingmachine.10.WhydoesthewomanwanttoselltheTV?A.Itistooold.B.Itdoesn'twork.C.Shewonanewone.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whoisthegirlspeakingto?A.Herbrother.B.Aswimmingteacher.C.Areceptionistatthepoolcenter.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InSeptember.13.Whatisthegirl'smaingoal?A.Tobecomeagoodswimmer.B.Toswimwithherbrotherandsister.C.Tocelebratethefirstdayofsummer.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthemanbuyingthepostcardfor?A.Himself.B.Hissister.C.Hisgirlfriend.15.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InLondon.B.InParis.C.InVenice.16.Wherecanthemanseethepricesofthemasks?A.Inthemiddleofeachmask.B.Onthebackofeachmask.C.Onthewallbehindhim.17.Whatdoesthewomantelltheman?A.Themasksareveryexpensive.B.Theglassplateshavebeensentout.C.Theyhavealotofchocolatetochoosefrom.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whywerenopeopleinjured?A.Thepeopleescapedfromthebuildings.B.Thebuildingsweren'tdamagedseriously.C.Fewpeoplewereintheearthquakecentre.19.Howlargeisthedisasterarea?A.Twentymiles.B.Fiftymiles.C.Onehundredmiles.20.Whichadvicedoesthespeakergive?A.Contactingpeopleyouknow.B.Takingcoverinbuildings.C.Payingattentiontosmallquakes.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADearParents,Singaporeiscurrentlyexperiencingahistoricallyhighnumberofdengue(登革熱）cases.TheNationalEnvironment_Agency(NEA)isstronglyencouragingallresidentsstayingindengueclusterareasto:Sprayinsecticidesindarkcornersathome(e.g.behindcurtainsandunderbeds);Applyinsectrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑）regularly;Wearlong-sleevetopsandlongpants.Ourschoolislocatedinornearadengueclusterareawith208casesby28July2024.Toprotectyourchildfromdengue,NEAwillbeprovidingabottleofrepellenttohim/her,foryourfamily'suse.Inaddition,RVPSwillalsobeprovidingeachRViantwocomplimentarypiecesofmosquitopatches.Youarestronglyadvisedtoconsiderapplyinginsectrepellentonyourchildrenbeforetheyleavehomeforschool.Studentsarealsoencouragedtobringtheinsectrepellenttoschoolforre-application,beforetheyleaveschoolforhome.OurteacherswillalsobeconductingalessonondenguepreventionforallRViansthisFriday.Doremindyourfamilymemberstoapplyinsectrepellenttoo.Theguidelineontheuseofinsectrepellentsprayisattachedforyourreference.Thankyou.Warmregards,MdmWongLiPengPrincipal1.Whatisthepresentsituationoftheschool?A.Ithasbeenshutdown.B.Ithasover208denguecases.C.Itislikelytohavedenguecases.D.Ithasconducteddenguepreventionlessons.2.WhatshouldresidentsdoaccordingtotheNationalEnvironmentAgency?A.Stayindengueclusterareas.B.Applyinsectrepellentregularly.C.Wearshort-sleevetopsandlongpants.D.Sprayinsectrepellenteverywhereathome.3.What'sthepurposeoftheletter?A.Tocallonalltheparentstostayathome.B.Toteachparentshowtouseinsectrepellent.C.Toremindchildrentobringinsectrepellenttoschool.D.Toadviseparentstoprotectthechildrenfromdengue.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是關(guān)于加強(qiáng)預(yù)防登革熱相關(guān)措施的告知信。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第六段第一句話“Ourschoolislocatedinornearadengueclusterareawith208casesby28July2024.我校位于登革熱聚集區(qū)或旁邊，截至2024年7月28日已有208例病例?！笨芍獙W(xué)校所在的區(qū)域?qū)儆诟呶５貐^(qū)，所以孩子們有可能被傳染，可能產(chǎn)生登革熱病例。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章的第四行“Applyinsectrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑）regularly;定期噴灑驅(qū)蚊劑;”可知居民要定期噴灑驅(qū)蚊劑。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要內(nèi)容是：告知加強(qiáng)預(yù)防登革熱的措施，同時(shí)也給家長提了一些建議，也就是關(guān)于防護(hù)的建議。結(jié)合文章的主要內(nèi)容可知這封信的目的是告知父母一些防護(hù)建議。故答案為D。BTheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024totwowomenscientists,CharpentierandDoudna,“forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting."Thediscoveryofthesegeneticscissorswasunexpected.DuringCharpentier'sstudiesofStreptococcuspyogenes,oneofthebacteriathatcausethemostharmtohumans,shediscoveredapreviouslyunknownmolecule(分子），tracrRNA.HerworkshowedthattracrRNAispartofbacteria'sancientimmunesystem,CRISPR/Cas.CharpentierpublishedherdiscoveryinNaturein2011anddescribedhowtracrRNAworkswiththeCas9protein(蛋白質(zhì)）tofollowandkillvirusesbycuttinguptheirDNA.Theninthatsameyear,CharpentierbegantocooperatewithDoudna,anexperiencedbiochemistinRNA.Together,theysucceededinrecreatingthebacteria'sgeneticscissorsinatesttubeandsimplifyingthescissors'molecularcomponentssotheywereeasiertouse.Theythenreprogrammedthegeneticscissors.Intheirnaturalform,thescissorsrecognizeDNAfromviruses,butCharpentierandDoudnaprovedthattheycouldbecontrolledsothattheycancutanyDNAmoleculeatapredeterminedsite.WheretheDNAiscut,itistheneasytorewritethecodeoflife.SincetheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissorswerediscoveredin2012,theirusehasexplodedthoughthereareconcernsthatthetechnologycouldbemisused.Thistoolhascontributedtomanyimportantdiscoveriesinbasicresearch,andplantresearchershavebeenabletodevelopcropsthatwithstandmould,pestsanddrought.Inmedicine,clinicaltrialsofnewcancertherapiesareunderway,andthedreamofbeingabletocureinheriteddiseasesisabouttocometrue.4.AccordingtoCharpentier'sstudiesofStreptococcuspyogenes,tracrRNA_____A.canchangelife'sDNApreciselyB.causesthemostharmtohumanbeingsCisapreviouslyunknownimmunesystemD.workswithCas9proteintosplitviruses'DNA5.Whichordershowsthediscoveryofthegeneticscissors?aCharpentierbegantocooperatewithDoudna.b.Charpentierpublishedherdiscoveryin2011.c.CharpentierstudiedStreptococcuspyogenes.d.Thebacteria'sgeneticscissorswererecreated.e.ThegeneticscissorswerethenreprogrammedA.a-b-d-c-eB.c-a-b-e-dC.a-d-e-c-bD.c-b-a-d-e6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Concernsaboutthemisuseofgeneticscissors.B.Thewidely-spreaduseofthegeneticscissors.C.Theimportantdiscoveriesinbasicresearch.D.Contributionstocureforinheriteddiseases.7.Whichofhefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Cooperation:SecrettoSuccessinScientificResearchesB.GeneticScissors:aToolforRewritingtheCodeofLifeC.Charpentier&Doudna:WomenScientistsAcknowledgedD.TheNobelPrizeinChemistry:aPromoterofGeneEditing【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了基因剪刀的發(fā)覺、作用以及應(yīng)用在哪些方面。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“CharpentierpublishedherdiscoveryinNaturein2011anddescribedhowtracrRNAworkswiththeCas9protein(蛋白質(zhì)）tofollowandkillvirusesbycuttinguptheirDNA.”2011年，Charpentier在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表了她的發(fā)覺，并描述了tracrRNA如何與Cas9蛋白一起工作，通過切割病毒的DNA跟蹤并殺死病毒?？芍罁?jù)Charpentier對(duì)化膿性鏈球菌的探討，tracrRNA與Cas9蛋白一起裂解病毒的DNA。故答案為D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“DuringCharpentier'sstudiesofStreptococcuspyogenes,oneofthebacteriathatcausethemostharmtohumans,shediscoveredapreviouslyunknownmolecule(分子），tracrRNA.”在貝納的釀膿鏈球菌的探討,最損害的細(xì)菌導(dǎo)致人類,她發(fā)覺了一種以前未知的分子(分子),tracrRNA。和文章其次段“CharpentierpublishedherdiscoveryinNaturein2011anddescribedhowtracrRNAworkswiththeCas9protein(蛋白質(zhì)）tofollowandkillvirusesbycuttinguptheirDNA.”貝納在2011年發(fā)表了她在自然界中發(fā)覺和描述tracrRNA如何與Cas9蛋白質(zhì)(蛋白質(zhì))遵循和殺死病毒通過削減他們的DNA。以及文章的第三段“Theninthatsameyear,CharpentierbegantocooperatewithDoudna,anexperiencedbiochemistinRNA.”同年，Charpentier起先與RNA方面閱歷豐富的生化學(xué)家Doudna合作。第三段“Together,theysucceededinrecreatingthebacteria'sgeneticscissorsinatesttubeandsimplifyingthescissors'molecularcomponentssotheywereeasiertouse.Theythenreprogrammedthegeneticscissors.”他們一起成功地在試管中重新創(chuàng)建了細(xì)菌的基因剪刀，并簡化了剪刀的分子成分，使它們更簡潔運(yùn)用。然后他們重新編程了基因剪刀。可知正確的依次為c-b-a-d-e。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“SincetheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissorswerediscoveredin2012,theirusehasexplodedthoughthereareconcernsthatthetechnologycouldbemisused.Thistoolhascontributedtomanyimportantdiscoveriesinbasicresearch,andplantresearchershavebeenabletodevelopcropsthatwithstandmould,pestsanddrought.Inmedicine,clinicaltrialsofnewcancertherapiesareunderway,andthedreamofbeingabletocureinheriteddiseasesisabouttocometrue.”自2012年CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀被發(fā)覺以來，它們的運(yùn)用出現(xiàn)了爆炸式增長，盡管有人擔(dān)憂這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能會(huì)被濫用。這種工具為基礎(chǔ)探討的很多重要發(fā)覺做出了貢獻(xiàn)，植物探討人員已經(jīng)能夠培育出抗霉菌、害蟲和干旱的作物。在醫(yī)學(xué)方面，新的癌癥療法的臨床試驗(yàn)正在進(jìn)行中，能夠治愈遺傳疾病的幻想即將實(shí)現(xiàn)。可知本段主要講解的是基因剪刀的廣泛運(yùn)用。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024totwowomenscientists,CharpentierandDoudna,“forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting”瑞典皇家科學(xué)院(RoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences)將2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了兩位女科學(xué)家夏龐蒂耶(Charpentier)和杜德納(Doudna)，以表彰他們開發(fā)了一種基因編輯方法，以及其次段“Thediscoveryofthesegeneticscissorswasunexpected.”這些基因剪刀的發(fā)覺出乎意料。主要講解基因剪刀是如何發(fā)覺的。以及文章第三段“Theninthatsameyear,CharpentierbegantocooperatewithDoudna,anexperiencedbiochemistinRNA.Together,theysucceededinrecreatingthebacteria'sgeneticscissorsinatesttubeandsimplifyingthescissors'molecularcomponentssotheywereeasiertouse”同年，Charpentier起先與RNA方面閱歷豐富的生化學(xué)家Doudna合作。他們一起成功地在試管中重新創(chuàng)建了細(xì)菌的基因剪刀，并簡化了剪刀的分子成分，使它們更簡潔運(yùn)用。和最終一段主要講解的是基因剪刀的廣泛應(yīng)用。可知文章的標(biāo)題是“基因剪刀:一種重寫生命密碼的工具。”故選B。CInthisfunny,wiseandheartfeelbook,ConfessionsofaBadMother:theTeenageYears,StephanieCalmancoversthelivesofhertwochildrenfromwhentheywereeightandseventowhenthey're20and19andhavebothgoneofftocollege.Luckily,whateveragetheyare,Calmanwritesaboutparenthoodwiththesamewinningmixoffondnessandtrouble.Butonthewhole,Calmangoesforthethecomedyaspectsofparenthood,andthebookisfullofgreatjokes.Butitalsohasitsmorereflectiveside,assheconsidersthewholestrangebusinessoffamilylife-sometimeswithatouchofsadness.Here,though,isastatementstraightfromtheheartofherchildren'searlyteenageyears...It'stheseeminglysmallerchangesthatcanbethemostpainful,likewhentheycomebackfromastaywithfriendsandyourushtohugthem.Andtheytakeastepback.Thenthere'stheextremeself-consciousnessyougetatthisstage;suddenly,everythingyousayisunconvincing,stupidandwrong.Meanwhile,yourteenagersneeddesperatelytobepraised,butthrowitbackinyourface.Butyoumustpersist.Thisisnoteasy.Forexample,whenLawrenceorLydiacamehomewithapicture,weusedtosay:"OHWOW!WHATALOVELYPICTURE!LETISPUTITRIGHTUPHEREONTHEWALL!EVERYONE,COMEANDLOOKATTHIS!"Nowwhentheydosomethingimpressive,suchaspassinganexam,wemustnotsoundTooPleased.Normustwehugthemandcoverthemwithproud,delightedkisses.＂Oh,that'sgood,welldone!”isaboutright,thoughonsecondthoughtsImightlosethem"!".8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStephanieCalman'sfeelingstoparenthood?A.Proudbutconfused.B.Positivebutdisappointed.C.Lovingbutannoyed.D.Pleasedbutunconcerned.9.Whydoteenagersrefusetobehuggedbytheirparents?A.Theyareextremelyself-conscious.B.Theythinktheirparentsarestupid.C.Theywouldliketobeappreciated.D.Theyareinfluencedbythefriends.10.What.doesCalmanmeanwhenshesaidonsecondthoughtsImightlosethemA.Sheshouldpraiseherchildrencalmlyandquietly.B.Sheshouldthinktwicebeforepraisingherchildren.C.Herchildrenmightloseheartiftheyarenotpraised.D.Herchildrenmightfeelproudiftheyarepraised.11.Inwritingthepassage,theauthoraimsto_____.A.rememberawriterB.explainagrowingphenomenonC.introduceabookD.recommendachild-raisingway【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章著重對(duì)一本名為《一個(gè)壞母親的自白——青春期》的書進(jìn)行了介紹，并對(duì)其中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了簡要描述?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Luckily,whateveragetheyare,Calmanwritesaboutparenthoodwiththesamewinningmixoffondnessandtrouble.”（幸運(yùn)的是，不管他們多大年紀(jì)，卡爾曼在描寫為人父母的過程中，都同樣成功地將寵愛與苦惱交織在一起。）可知，父母既是愛著孩子的，但也有苦惱憤怒的時(shí)候，故選C。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Thenthere'stheextremeself-consciousnessyougetatthisstage;suddenly,everythingyousayisunconvincing,stupidandwrong.”（然后呢在這個(gè)階段你會(huì)有一種極端的自我意識(shí)；突然間，你所說的一切都是不行信的、愚蠢的和錯(cuò)誤的）可知，孩子們?cè)谶@段時(shí)間的自我意識(shí)會(huì)增加，繼而感到難為情而不情愿與父母擁抱，故選A。3.詞句揣測題。依據(jù)倒其次段“Nowwhentheydosomethingimpressive,suchaspassinganexam,wemustnotsoundTooPleased.Normustwehugthemandcoverthemwithproud,delightedkisses.”（現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)他們做了一些令人印象深刻的事情，比如通過考試，我們不能聽起來太興奮。我們也不應(yīng)當(dāng)擁抱親吻他們）可知，父母應(yīng)用更加冷靜與平和的語氣夸贊自己的孩子。但這不意味著不要夸獎(jiǎng)孩子，故選A。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Inthisfunny,wiseandheartfeelbook,ConfessionsofaBadMother:theTeenageYears,StephanieCalmancoversthelivesofhertwochildrenfromwhentheywereeightandseventowhenthey're20and19andhavebothgoneofftocollege.”（在這本好玩、睿智、感人的書《壞媽媽的自白——青春期》中，斯蒂芬妮·卡爾曼講解并描述了她的兩個(gè)孩子從8歲和7歲到20歲和19歲的生活，他們都已經(jīng)上了高校。）和全文的內(nèi)容都與書本有關(guān)可知，作者的目的是要介紹這本書。故選C。DIfapresidentandaphilosophercreditedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess.wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Whatifthesecretwassomethingyoualreadyknewhowtodo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”It'snotjustthetwogreatmindswhomadeacaseforitasaprimecreativitybooster.Researchershavetracednumerousconnectionsbetweenwalkingandgeneratingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipantswere81percentmorecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.You'veprobablyheardthephraseExerciseyourcreativity,whichreferstothebrainasmuscle.Ourcreativemindsetistriggeredbyphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalking-withyourdog,afriend,oralone-feedscreativethinking.Butthesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.TheNationalHumanActivityPatternSurveyrevealsthatAmericansspend87percentoftheirtimeindoors.Beinginside,youwillbelessenergetic.Withoutenergy,youcan'twonderorcreate.Interruptingyourroutinewithawalkcanaffordyoufreshinsightsintoproblemsorprojects.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourhabitualsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Whenyoucanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhoodordownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutgetdistractedbythechildpointingtoabuildingyouhaven'tevennoticedbeforeOurbrainsworkhardertoprocessindifferentenvironments,sowalkingoutsidefostersourabilitytagleanhewideas.Researchhasshownthatimmersion(沉醉）innature,andthecorrespondingdisconnectionfrommultimediaandtechnology,increasedperformanceonacreativeproblem-solvingtaskbyafull50percentinagroupofhikers.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking?Engagemorecloselywithyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetobepresentintheworld,tohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,tonoticethewaypeoplemove,thewaythesunreflectsinapond.Walknotjustforexercise.Walkforwonder.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thesecret"inParagraphIreferto?A.Routine.B.Walking.C.Exercise.D.Habit.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Beinginsidewillmakeyougetnowhereincreativity.B.Walkingoutsideopensyourmindtonewpossibilities.C.Freshinsightsintoproblemsareguaranteedbywalking.D.Stayingoutsidehelpsyouconcentrateonyourproblem.14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestcontributestocreativity?A.Wanderinginapark.B.SurfingtheInternet.C.Sleepinginaroom.D.Chattingwithafriend.15.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Walkingfeedscreativethinking.B.Walkingbuildsuppeople'shealth.C.Creativethinkingisthekeytosuccess.D.Creativethinkingstartswithacreativegoal.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。講解并描述了走路對(duì)于創(chuàng)建力的激發(fā)與思維的發(fā)散所具有的重大意義?！?2題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”事實(shí)上，你可能每天都在這樣做。弗里德里希·尼采(FriedrichNietzsche)曾寫道:只有從閑逛中獲得的思想才有價(jià)值?！蓖旭R斯·杰斐遜:閑逛是最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)?？芍皌hesecret”指的是走路。故答案為B。【13題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourhabitualsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Whenyoucanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhoodordownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutgetdistractedbythechildpointingtoabuildingyouhaven'tevennoticedbefore”只要走出去，你就走出了習(xí)慣的環(huán)境和舒適區(qū)，假如你想敞快樂胸接受新的可能性，這是必要的。當(dāng)你穿過樹木茂密的街區(qū)或繁忙的街道時(shí)，孩子指著一座你從未留意過的建筑時(shí)，你會(huì)不由自主地將留意力轉(zhuǎn)移到這座建筑上來。由此推斷出走出去，你會(huì)發(fā)覺新的可能性。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段“Ourbrainsworkhardertoprocessindifferentenvironments,sowalkingoutsidefostersourabilitytagleanhewideas.Researchhasshownthatimmersion(沉醉）innature,andthecorrespondingdisconnectionfrommultimediaandtechnology,increasedperformanceonacreativeproblem-solvingtaskbyafull50percentinagroupofhikers.”我們的大腦更努力地在不同的環(huán)境中處理問題，所以外出閑逛能培育我們收集新想法的實(shí)力。探討表明，一組徒步旅行者沉醉在大自然中，并與多媒體和科技斷絕聯(lián)系，可以使他們?cè)趧?chuàng)建性解決問題任務(wù)上的表現(xiàn)提高50%?？芍诠珗@里閑逛最能促進(jìn)創(chuàng)建力。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其事實(shí)依據(jù)文章最終一段“Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetobepresentintheworld,tohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,tonoticethewaypeoplemove,thewaythesunreflectsinapond.Walknotjustforexercise.Walkforwonder.”關(guān)掉你的手機(jī)，讓自己有機(jī)會(huì)活在這個(gè)世界上，傾聽對(duì)話和自然的聲音，留意人們移動(dòng)的方式，太陽反射在池塘里的方式。走路不只是為了熬煉。走路會(huì)創(chuàng)建奇跡。所以短文的主要是關(guān)于閑逛可以培育創(chuàng)建性思維。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）Wehavesomewaystomakeiteasiertogetmotivatednowandthen.Butwhataboutmaintainingmotivationoverthelong-run?___16___Imagineyouareplayingtennis.Ifyoutrytoplayaseriousmatchagainstafour-year-old,youwillquicklybecomebored.Thematchistooeasy.ifyoutrytoplayaseriousmatchagainstaprofessionaltennisplayerlikeSerenaWilliams,youwillfindyourselflosingmotivationforadifferentreason.___17___Comparetheseexperiencestoplayingtennisagainstsomeonewhoisyourequal.Asthegameprogresses,youwinafewpointsandyouloseafewpoints.___18___Yourfocusnarrowsandyoufindyourselffullyabsorbedinthetaskathand.Thechallengeyouarefacingis＂justmanageable."Victoryisnotguaranteed,butitispossible.Taskslikethese,sciencehasfound,arethemostlikelytokeepusmotivatedinthelongterm.Humanbeingslovechallenges,butonlyiftheyarewithinthemostsuitablezoneofdifficulty.___19___Tasksthataresignificantlybeyondyourcurrentabilitiesarediscouraging.Buttasksthatarerightontheborderofsuccessandfailureareunbelievablymotivatingtoourhumanbrains.Wewantnothingmorethantomasteraskilljustbeyondourcurrenthorizon.___20___TheGoldilocksRulestatesthathumansexperiencepeakmotivationwhenworkingontasksthatarerightontheedgeoftheircurrentabilities.Nottoohard.Nottooeasy.Justright.Applyingthisrule,youaresuretomaintainlong-termmotivation.A.Thematchistoodifficult.B.Howcanyoustaymotivatedforgood?C.Howcanyoumanagetocarryoutatask?D.WecancallthisphenomenonTheGoldilocksRule.E.WecanuseTheGoldilocksRuletocompletetasks.F.Tasksthataresignificantlybelowyourcurrentabilitiesareboring.G.Youhaveachanceofwinningthematch,butonlyifyoureallytry.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.F20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了一種效應(yīng)，即人們只有面對(duì)和自己實(shí)力相近的難度的事情才會(huì)產(chǎn)生最強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)機(jī)，難度過高過低都沒有足夠的動(dòng)機(jī)?！驹斀狻?.前文“Butwhataboutmaintainingmotivationoverthelong-run”（但是如何長期保持動(dòng)力呢）提出了如何使得人們維持動(dòng)機(jī)的問題，選項(xiàng)中只有B在順承前句，接著提出如何保持主動(dòng)性的問題。故選B。2.前文“Ifyoutrytoplayaseriousmatchagainstafour-year-old,youwillquicklybecomebored.Thematchistooeasy.”（假如你想和一個(gè)四歲的孩子進(jìn)行一場肅穆的競賽，你很快就會(huì)感到厭煩。這場競賽太簡潔了。）可知，當(dāng)對(duì)手為孩子的時(shí)候由于難度太低而沒有動(dòng)機(jī)，那么“ifyoutrytoplayaseriousmatchagainstaprofessionaltennisplayerlikeSerenaWilliams,youwillfindyourselflosingmotivationforadifferentreason.”（假如你試圖與像塞雷娜·威廉姆斯這樣的職業(yè)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行一場肅穆的競賽，你會(huì)發(fā)覺自己因?yàn)榱硪粋€(gè)緣由失去動(dòng)力。）其中的另一個(gè)緣由就是對(duì)手強(qiáng)大，競賽難度過高。故選A。3.前文“Asthegameprogresses,youwinafewpointsandyouloseafewpoints.”（隨著嬉戲的進(jìn)展，你會(huì)贏得一些分?jǐn)?shù)，也會(huì)失去一些分?jǐn)?shù)。）在假設(shè)一種勢均力敵的狀態(tài)，你的分?jǐn)?shù)有得有失，成功不能保證，但是有可能，只有G選項(xiàng)符合這個(gè)語境。故選G。4.前文“Humanbeingslovechallenges,butonlyiftheyarewithinthemostsuitablezoneofdifficulty.”（人類寵愛挑戰(zhàn)，但只有當(dāng)它們處于最適合的困難范圍內(nèi)時(shí)才會(huì)如此。）當(dāng)中說困難應(yīng)當(dāng)在合適的范圍內(nèi)，后文“Tasksthataresignificantlybeyondyourcurrentabilitiesarediscouraging.”（遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出你目前實(shí)力的任務(wù)會(huì)讓你泄氣。），所以空格中就應(yīng)當(dāng)說的是難度過于簡潔也會(huì)有同樣的效應(yīng)。故選F。5.前文作者已經(jīng)論述完了這種效應(yīng)，最終一段確定是總結(jié)性質(zhì)，以及空格后出現(xiàn)TheGoldilocksRule的介紹。故選D。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whilewashingdishes,Isometimeslookintothekitchenwindowofourneighbour'shouse.Ourkitchenisalways___21___butourneighbors,twoyoungmenwhomIonlyknowinpassing,neverseemtotumontheirlight.OnceasIwaswashingapples,myeyes___22___shadowgavewaytoshape.ThenI___23___them-headbent,pouringthepickle(腌菜）juicefromanemptyjar.OnthefirstSaturdayoftheCOVID-19lockdown,Iwantedtobeagood___24___them.Thepandemic(大流行病）seemedtobegettingworse.I___25___whattheweeksandmonthsaheadmightlooklike.Ourfamilyhavebeentryingtotaketheideaof'lovethyneighbour"___26___,andsometimesthatdoesliterallymeanthepersonlivingnextdoor,___27___you'veonlymetthemfromthekitchenwindow.SoImadeasignreading“Haveaniceday!”andstuckitonmykitchenwindow.Awhilelater,asignappearedontheirwindowwitha___28___forus."Thankyou,Youtoo!”WewentonlikethisforafewdaysandIthoughtofhowthiswouldbeanicestoryforusall:___29___bysignsandmovingfromstrangerstogoodfriends..___30___aroundDay5,IpastedalineofaMaryOliverpoem,andthatwasthe___31___ofthat.MaybeIwasshowingoff,soIstopped.However,aweeklater,whenIwentouttoquietouryellingdog,Isawoneoftheguys.“Sorry,wedidn'tfinda___32___，＂hesaid."Wemeantto,"headded,"Andthenwenever___33___.”“That'sokay,"Ireplied.Andwebothwentbackinside.Itisso___34___tobeagoodneighbournow.Wecan't___35___andknockonadoor,orevenlendthings.Afterthisisallover,IhavedecidedIwillinviteallourneighborsoverfordinner.Ican'tbeaneighbournow.but|canbeaneighbourthen.Thepandemicwillhaveknittedustogetherlikeanoldwornsockandwe'llstaythatway.21.A.clearedup B.litup C.takenup D.fixedup22.A.adjusted B.glared C.ached D.closed23.A.admired B.envied C.called D.saw24.A.guide B.doctor C.assistant D.neighbour25.A.worried B.doubted C.asked D.found26.A.normally B.seriously C.lightly D.carefully27.A.asthough B.sothat C.evenif D.incase28.A.proposal B.letter C.gift D.message29.A.communicating B.writing C.congratulating D.discussing30.A.Everywhere B.Anywhere C.Somewhere D.Nowhere31.A.puzzle B.end C.result D.cause32.A.poem B.passage C.motto D.proverb33.A.tried B.needed C.did D.wrote34.A.lucky B.interesting C.annoying D.hard35.A.cutin B.showup C.lookout D.holdon【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講了疫情期間兩位鄰居相互用寫標(biāo)牌溝通的故事?！驹斀狻?.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們的廚房總是亮著燈，但我們的鄰居，我只是打過照面的兩個(gè)年輕人，好像從不開燈。A.clearedup清理；B.litup點(diǎn)亮；C.takenup占據(jù)；D.fixedup修理，解決。依據(jù)后面的轉(zhuǎn)折說但是鄰居家的廚房的燈始終不亮可知，這里是雖然我家的廚房總是亮著燈，因此是litup，和turnontheirlight對(duì)應(yīng)。故選B。2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：有一次我洗蘋果的時(shí)候，我的眼睛調(diào)整了視線。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.glared怒目而視；C.ached難受；D.closed關(guān)閉。依據(jù)以前鄰居家廚房燈都不亮，但突然有了光，我調(diào)整一下自己的視線，定睛看到了一個(gè)男生的輪廓，這里表示調(diào)整視線，用adjusted。故選A。3.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：然后我看到他們低著頭，從空罐子里倒泡菜汁。A.admired敬佩；B.envied嫉妒；C.called稱呼；D.saw望見。依據(jù)后面說低著頭在腌泡菜可知，這里是望見了鄰居他們，因此是saw。故選D。4.考查名詞辨析。句意：在COVID-19封鎖的第一個(gè)周六，我想和他們成為好鄰居。A.guide指導(dǎo)；B.doctor醫(yī)生；C.assistant助手；D.neighbour鄰居。依據(jù)“butourneighbors”可知，前面已經(jīng)表明他們是鄰居關(guān)系，因此是我希望在疫情期間做個(gè)好鄰居。故選D。5.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我擔(dān)憂將來幾周或幾個(gè)月的狀況。A.worried擔(dān)憂；B.doubted懷疑；C.asked詢問；D.found發(fā)覺。依據(jù)這里的“l(fā)ockdown”以及“gettingworse”可知，狀況不容樂觀，因此我是擔(dān)憂接下來的狀況。故選A。6.考查副詞辨析。句意：我們家始終試圖細(xì)致對(duì)待“愛你的鄰居”這一理念，有時(shí)這的確指的是住在隔壁的人，即使你只是從廚房的窗戶里見過他們。A.normally正常地；B.seriously細(xì)致地；C.lightly輕輕地；D.carefully細(xì)致地。固定搭配takesthseriously表示“把某事當(dāng)真，對(duì)某事很細(xì)致”，依據(jù)前面說“我”想做個(gè)好鄰居可知，這里是“我”是細(xì)致的，故選B。7.考查連詞短語辨析。句意：我們家始終試圖細(xì)致對(duì)待“愛你的鄰居”這一理念，有時(shí)這的確指的是住在隔壁的人，即使你只是從廚房的窗戶里見過他們。A.asthough好像；B.sothat以至于；C.evenif即使；D.incase萬一。依據(jù)前后句的句意可知，這里是讓步關(guān)系，即使你只能每天通過廚房的窗戶看到對(duì)方，但是鄰居字面上的確表示住在隔壁的人。故選C。8.考查名詞辨析。句意：過了一會(huì)兒，他們的窗戶上出現(xiàn)了一塊牌子，上面寫著給給我們的信息。A.proposal提議；B.letter信；C.gift禮物；D.message信息。依據(jù)“"Thankyou,Youtoo!””，可知，這是傳達(dá)給我們的信息，故選D。9.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們就這樣過了幾天，我在想，用手勢溝通，從生疏人變成好摯友，對(duì)我們大家來說，這確定是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的故事。Amunicating溝通；B.writing寫；C.congratulating慶賀；D.discussing探討。依據(jù)“bysignsandmovingfromstrangerstogoodfriends”可知，這里是疫情期間必需隔離，且前文提到了他們用手勢傳遞信息可知，這里是用sign溝通，故選A。10.考查副詞辨析。句意：也許在第五天的時(shí)候，我貼了瑪麗·奧利弗的一行詩，溝通就這樣結(jié)束了。A.Everywhere到處；B.Anywhere任何地方；C.Somewhere某地；D.Nowhere沒有地方。固定搭配somewherearound表示“大約……”，這里是表示大約第五天的時(shí)候，給選C。11.考查名詞辨析。句意：也許在第五天的時(shí)候，我貼了瑪麗·奧利弗的詩一行，溝通就這樣結(jié)束了。A.puzzle懷疑；B.end結(jié)束；C.result結(jié)果；D.cause緣由。依據(jù)后面的stopped，以及鄰居說明了沒有再寫sign的緣由可知，這里是結(jié)束。故選B。12.考查名詞辨析。句意：對(duì)不起，我們沒有找到詩。A.poem詩歌；B.passage文章；C.motto箴言；D.proverb諺語。依據(jù)作者是選了一句詩，鄰居沒有回復(fù)可知，這里是他沒能找到一首回應(yīng)的詩，因此是poem。故選A。13.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們根本找不到這首詩。A.tried嘗試；B.needed須要；C.did做；D.wrote寫。這里是省略句，Butweneverfoundapoem，用did來代