必修三Unit2MoralsandVirtues單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷

必修三Unit2MoralsandVirtues單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2024·青海西寧·三模）It’smunityDayagain!TheeventthatMapleEstateresidentsareeagerlylookingforwardtoisjustaroundthecorner!Asusual,theMapleResidents’mitteehasplannedaprogrammethatisdesignedtopromotemunityspirit.MapleEstatehasbeencelebratingmunityDayeverymonthformorethanayear.Bynow,wehopeallourresidentsunderstandtheimportanceofformingstrongbondswithourneighbours.Ifyouhavejustmovedtoourlovelyestateandhavenothadtheopportunitytoknowyourneighbours,youcandosobyjoiningatmunityDay!AugustHighlight:MapleEstateChefsCallallresidentswhoarekeentopracticeyourcookingskillsandletyourneighbourssampleyourcooking!Youwillbethestarsoftheupingevent!Visitmaplerc.sgformoreinformationandtoregisterforthisactivity.Kitchenequipmentandbasicingredientswillbeprovided.Youwillreceivea$50shoppingvoucherthatyoucanusetopurchaseotheringredientsfromMapleMartthedaybeforetheevent.Remembertoregisterbefore21July,2024!Wearesureeveryonewillenjoythedeliciousdishes!Time:From10a.m.to6p.m,6Aug.,2024Place:MaplemunityClubEntry:FlashyourMapleResidentCard“MywifeandImovedtoMapleEstatewhenwegotmarried.Forafewmonths,wespentallourfreetimeafterworkdoingupourhouse.Eventhoughweknewthatourneighbourswerefriendlyandwouldsometimesinviteusfortheirgatherings,wewereoccupiedwithgettingthingsready.However,itwasn’tlongbeforewegrewcuriousaboutthemunityDaycelebrations.Afterwestartedattendingthemregularly,wemetmanyneighbours.Thefirsttimeweinvitedsomeofthemover,weplayedgamesthathelpedustogettoknowoneanotherbetter!”—Mr.Wang,aMapleEstateresidentsince20221．WhatdothemunityDayeventsaimtodo?A．Toteachhowtocookmeals. B．Todevelopmunityspirit.C．Tomeetdiverseneedsofneighbours. D．Tomakethemunitycleaner.2．WhatdoyouhavetodoifyouwanttotakepartintheMapleEstateChefs?A．Tosignupbefore21July,2024. B．Toprovidebasicingredients.C．Touseyourownkitchenequipment. D．Topayaregistrationfeeof$50.3．Mr.andMrs.Wangdidn’tsocializewiththeirneighboursmuchatfirstbecause______.A．theyspentalltheirtimeatworkB．theyweren’tinvitedforthegatheringsC．theywerebusybeautifyingtheirhomeD．theylackedinformationaboutthemunity【答案】1．B2．A3．C【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹munityDay的活動詳情。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“Asusual,theMapleResidents’mitteehasplannedaprogrammethatisdesignedtopromotemunityspirit.(一如既往，楓葉社區(qū)委員會策劃了一個旨在弘揚社區(qū)精神的活動。)”可知，活動目的是為了培養(yǎng)社區(qū)精神。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章方框內“Remembertoregisterbefore21July,2024.(請記得在2024年7月21日之前注冊報名。)”可知，如果你想參加楓葉莊園廚師大賽，你必須在2024年7月21日之前報名。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中“Forafewmonths,wespentallourfreetimeafterworkdoingupourhouse.(幾個月來，我們把下班后的所有空閑時間都用來裝修房子。)”可知，王先生和王先生太太起初不怎么和他們的鄰居交往，因為他們那時在忙著裝修房子。故選C。B（2024·湖南長沙·三模）In2009,KevinPearcewasattheheightofhisprofessionalsnowboardingcareerandboundfortheWinterOlympics.Butinaninstant,itcametoanend.Duringtraining,hestruckhisheadontheedgeofapipe,resultinginatraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)braininjury.Itchangedthecourseofthethen22yearold’slife.Hehadtorelearnhowtowalkandtalkandessentiallystartover.HisolderbrotherAdamquithisjobandmovedacrossthecountrytohelphimthroughrehab.Heeventuallystarteddoingyoga,andhisfamilysawhowittransformedhimandgavehimasenseofhope:“ItwasthefirsttimeIremembersoclearlyingoutofaclasswithhimandjustseeinginhisfacethisnewexpression,thisnewperson.”AdamPearcesaid,“Wewerelike,‘Weneedtofigureoutwhyandhowthatjusthappened.’”Wantingtobringhopeandhealingtoothersthroughyogaandmeditation(冥想).AdainandKevincofoundedtheLoveYourBrainFoundationin2014.ThenonprofitoffersweeklongmeditationsandmunitybasedyogaclassesacrosstheUnitedStatesforpeoplewhoarelivingwithlongtermbrainrelateddisabilities.“Ithinkpeoplefeelisolatedafterbraininjurybecausetheydon’tfeelable,andwhenyoudon’tfeelable,yougenerallyretreatbackinside.”Adamsaid,“Attheseretreats,peoplearegiventhespacetoleanintothosedeepchallengesandexpressthemandtalkaboutthem.”Ultimately,theorganizationaimstocreateasafespaceandsupportivemunitywherepeoplewithbrainrelateddisabilitiescanhealtogether.“Connectionhappensquicklybecausethere’ssuchasharedmonunderstandingamongthegroup.”Adamsaid.“Oncesomeoneseessomeonebevulnerable,itinstantlyallowsthenextperson(tobe).Bytheend,peoplestarttoseevulnerabilityasasuperpower.”4．WhatpreventedKevinfromcareerdevelopment?A．Aseverebraincancer. B．Anewtrainingroutine.C．Adevastatingaccident. D．Asnowboardingtest..5．WhydidKevinstartdoingyoga?A．Topickupsnowboarding. B．Toregainrespect.C．Torecoverfrombraininjury. D．Tolearnhowtomeditate.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheLoveYourBrainFoundation?A．Costly. B．Ambitious. C．Diverse. D．Healing.7．Whatsectionofthewebsitemightthetextbefound?A．Natureanduniverse. B．Socialinnovations.C．Technologicaldiscoveries. D．Themagicalworld.【答案】4．C5．C6．D7．B【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了突發(fā)意外重傷的Kevin在瑜伽的幫助下逐漸恢復健康，Kevin和哥哥創(chuàng)辦一個為腦部受傷人群提供瑜伽、冥想等服務的非營利性組織。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Duringtraining,hestruckhisheadontheedgeofapipe,resultinginatraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)braininjury.(在訓練中，他的頭撞到了管子的邊緣，導致了創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷)”可知，Kevin在訓練中意外受傷，腦部重創(chuàng)。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Duringtraining,hestruckhisheadontheedgeofapipe,resultinginatraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)braininjury.(在訓練中，他的頭撞到了管子的邊緣，導致了創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷)”、第二段“Hehadtorelearnhowtowalkandtalkandessentiallystartover.(他必須重新學習走路和說話，從頭開始)”以及第三段“Heeventuallystarteddoingyoga,andhisfamilysawhowittransformedhimandgavehimasenseofhope:“ItwasthefirsttimeIremembersoclearlyingoutofaclasswithhimandjustseeinginhisfacethisnewexpression,thisnewperson.”(他最終開始練瑜伽，他的家人看到了瑜伽如何改變了他，給了他希望：“這是我第一次如此清楚地記得和他一起上完課，在他的臉上看到了這種新的表情，這個新的人?！?”可知，為了從腦部損傷中恢復，Kevin開始練習瑜伽，故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Ultimately,theorganizationaimstocreateasafespaceandsupportivemunitywherepeoplewithbrainrelateddisabilitiescanhealtogether.(最終，該組織的目標是創(chuàng)造一個安全的空間和支持性的社區(qū)，在這里，與大腦相關的殘疾人可以一起治愈)”可知，LoveYourBrainFoundation是有治愈作用的。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據第四段“Wantingtobringhopeandhealingtoothersthroughyogaandmeditation(冥想).AdainandKevincofoundedtheLoveYourBrainFoundationin2014.ThenonprofitoffersweeklongmeditationsandmunitybasedyogaclassesacrosstheUnitedStatesforpeoplewhoarelivingwithlongtermbrainrelateddisabilities.(希望通過瑜伽和冥想給他人帶來希望和治愈。Adain和Kevin在2014年共同創(chuàng)立了“愛你的大腦”基金會。這家非營利組織在美國各地為長期患有腦相關殘疾的人提供為期一周的冥想和社區(qū)瑜伽課程)”以及文章內容可知，本文講述了兩兄弟創(chuàng)辦一個為腦部受傷人群提供瑜伽、冥想等服務的非營利性組織，這屬于社會創(chuàng)新范疇。故選B。C（2024·廣東廣州·三模）InSwitzerland,anambitiousproposalcouldseetheconstructionofanexpansiveundergroundnetworkthroughwhichselfdrivingpods(吊艙)wouldtransportgoodsacrossthecountry.Theproject,calledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.Globaldemandforfreight(貨物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruckdrivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightbyroadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.Galleninthenortheast,andbepletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelowgroundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowillbeloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(樞紐)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere’salongwaytogobeforeconstructioncanbegin,earlierin2023CSTbeganitspreliminaryworkinthefield—exploratorydrillingalongtheH?rkingenNiederbipproute.ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwissFrancs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincludingCreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.Althoughahugeamountoffundingstillneedstobefound,muchofthetechnologyfortheautomationandoperationofthenetworkalreadyexists.Anotherkeychallengeisworkingouthowtotransportfreightabovegroundfromthetunnelstostoresincities—withoutaddingtoroadtraffic.Despiteallthehurdles,PatrikAellig,headofmunicationforCST,remainsoptimistic.CSTis“attheforefront”ofundergroundfreighttransport.8．WhatmainlyledtotheprojectCST?A．Expensivetruckdrivers. B．Seriousshortageoffuel.C．Environmentalconcern. D．Heavyfreighttransportation.9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A．Topresentthewaythenetworkwillwork. B．Toprovideablueprintofthenetwork.C．Toprovetheefficiencyofthenetwork. D．Toshowtheadvancementofthenetwork.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preliminary”meaninparagraph4?A．Innovative. B．Significant. C．Preparatory. D．Constructive.11．WhatisagreatchallengeforCST?A．Absenceoffund. B．Lackoftechnology.C．Lastmiledelivery. D．Transportsafety.【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了瑞士要建設一個龐大的地下網絡，在全國范圍內運輸貨物。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Theproject,calledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.Globaldemandforfreight(貨物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruckdrivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightbyroadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.(該項目被稱為貨運地面（CST），旨在減少對卡車運輸貨物的依賴。全球貨運需求正在增長，就像世界上許多地方出現卡車司機短缺一樣。與此同時，燃料價格上漲使得公路運輸成本更高，而公路貨運占全球二氧化碳排放量的6%左右)”可知，嚴重的貨物運輸壓力主要導致了CST項目。故選D。9．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.Galleninthenortheast,andbepletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelowgroundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowillbeloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(樞紐)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.(如果建成，該網絡將從瑞士西部的日內瓦延伸到東北部的圣加侖，全長約500公里，并將于2045年左右完工。隧道網絡將位于地下40至80米，自動駕駛艙將以每小時30公里的速度沿著三條車道行駛。貨物將在指定的集散地裝卸，使用升降機將貨物運送到地面)”可知，作者在第3段打算提供網絡的藍圖。故選B。10．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere’salongwaytogobeforeconstructioncanbegin”可知，該項目于2021年獲得瑞士政府批準，而在施工開始之前還有很長的路要走，說明2023年初進行的是準備性的工作。故劃線詞意思是“準備性的”。故選C。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwissFrancs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincludingCreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.(CST面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)將是費用。CST估計整個網絡將耗資約300億瑞士法郎(340億美元)。該項目將完全由私人投資，投資者包括瑞士信貸、Coop和西門子。雖然還需要大量的資金，但大部分網絡自動化和運營的技術已經存在)”可知，CST面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是缺乏資金。故選A。D（2024·河南信陽·模擬預測）Researchersaretrainingrobotstoperformanevergrowingnumberoftasksthroughtrialanderrorreinforcement(強化)learning,whichisoftenlaboriousandtimeconsuming.Tohelpout,humansarenowemployinglargelanguagemodel(LLM)AI.AteamatNVIDIAResearchdirectedanAIprotocol(協議)poweredbyOpenAI’sGPT4toteachasimulation(模擬)ofarobotichandnearly30plextasks,includingthrowingaball,pushingblocks,pressingswitches,andsomeotherseriouslyimpressiveabilities.NVIDIA’snew“AIagent”EurekausesGPT4byaskingthelargelanguagemodeltowriteitsownrewardbasedreinforcementlearningsoftwarecode.Accordingtothepany,Eurekadoesn’tneedplicatedremindersorevenprewrittenpatterns;instead,itsimplybeginsexperimentingwithaprogram,andthenfollowsanyexternalhumanfeedback.Inthepany’sannouncement,Linxi“Jim”Fan,aseniorresearchscientistatNVIDIA,describedEurekaasauniquebinationofLLMsandsimulationprogramming.“WebelievethatEurekawillenablerobotstocontrolitemsflexiblyandprovideanewwaytoproducephysicallyrealisticanimationsforartists,”Fanadded.Aftertestingitstrainingprotocolwithinanadvancedsimulationprogram,EurekathenanalyzesitscollecteddataanddirectstheLLMtofurtherimproveuponitsdesign.Theresultisaprotocolcapableofsuccessfullynumberingavarietyofrobotichanddesignstooperatescissors,turnpensandopencupboardswithinaphysicsaccuratesimulatedenvironment.Eureka’salternativestohumanwrittentrialanderrorlearningprogramsaren’tjusteffective—inmostcases,they’reactuallybetterthanthoseauthoredbyhumans.Intheteam’sopensourceresearchpaperfindings,Eurekadesignedrewardprogramsoutperformedhumans’codeinover80percentofthetasks—amountingtoanaverageperformanceimprovementofover50percentintheroboticsimulations.“Reinforcementlearninghascontributedtoimpressivewinsoverthelastdecade,yetmanychallengesstillexist,suchasrewarddesign,whichremainsatrialanderrorprocess,”saidAnimaAnandkumar,anAIresearcher.“Eurekaisthefirststeptowarddevelopingnewalgorithms(算法)thatintegrategenerativeandreinforcementlearningmethodstosolvehardtasks.”12．WhyisAIusedforthetraining?A．Tosimplifyrobots’tasks. B．ToadvertiseOpenAI’sGPT4.C．Tospeedupthetrainingprocess. D．Torecognizeartists’roleinartcreation.13．WhatdoesEurekaneedtodointhetraining?A．Designrewardprograms. B．Copyprewrittenpatterns.C．Getplicatedreminders. D．Avoidhumanintervention.14．HowdoesAnimaAnandkumarfindEureka?A．Itisstillpoorattherewarddesign. B．Itshouldlearnfromhardtasks.C．Ithasfewchallengestosolve. D．Itisofpioneeringsignificance.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Trialanderrorlearningprogramsarepromising.B．Robotscanfinishplextasksthroughlearning.C．Reinforcementlearningimprovesroboticsimulations.D．AIcanbetterteachasimulatedrobotichandtoperformtasks.【答案】12．C13．A14．D15．D【導語】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了NVIDIA研究團隊使用OpenAI的GPT4大型語言模型來訓練一個名為Eureka的AI代理，該代理能夠自主編寫基于獎勵的強化學習軟件代碼，并成功指導模擬的機器人手執(zhí)行近30項復雜任務。文章詳細描述了Eureka的工作原理、優(yōu)勢以及在模擬環(huán)境中的測試結果，并通過實驗數據展示了Eureka編寫的獎勵程序在大部分任務上超越了人類編寫的代碼。12．細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Researchersaretrainingrobotstoperformanevergrowingnumberoftasksthroughtrialanderrorreinforcementlearning,whichisoftenlaboriousandtimeconsuming.

Tohelpout,humansarenowemployinglargelanguagemodel(LLM)AI.

(研究人員正在訓練機器人通過試錯強化學習來完成越來越多的任務，而這種學習通常既費力又耗時。為了提供幫助，人類現在正在使用大型語言模型（LLM）人工智能。)”可知，使用AI進行訓練是為了加快訓練過程。故選C。13．推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“NVIDIA’snew“AIagent”EurekausesGPT4byaskingthelargelanguagemodeltowriteitsownrewardbasedreinforcementlearningsoftwarecode.(NVIDIA的新“人工智能代理”Eureka使用GPT4，要求大型語言模型編寫自己的基于獎勵的強化學習軟件代碼。)”可知，Eureka在訓練中需要設計獎勵程序。故選A。14．推理判斷題。由文章最后一段““Reinforcementlearninghascontributedtoimpressivewinsoverthelastdecade,yetmanychallengesstillexist,suchasrewarddesign,whichremainsatrialanderrorprocess,”saidAnimaAnandkumar,anAIresearcher.“Eurekaisthefirststeptowarddevelopingnewalgorithms(算法)thatintegrategenerativeandreinforcementlearningmethodstosolvehardtasks.”(人工智能研究員AnimaAnandkumar表示：“在過去十年中，強化學習取得了令人印象深刻的勝利，但仍然存在許多挑戰(zhàn)，比如獎勵設計，這仍然是一個反復試驗的過程。”“Eureka是開發(fā)新算法的第一步，它將生成和強化學習方法整合在一起，以解決困難的任務?！?”可知，AnimaAnandkumar認為Eureka具有開創(chuàng)性意義。故選D。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“AteamatNVIDIAResearchdirectedanAIprotocol(協議)poweredbyOpenAI’sGPT4toteachasimulation(模擬)ofarobotichandnearly30plextasks,includingthrowingaball,pushingblocks,pressingswitches,andsomeotherseriouslyimpressiveabilities.(NVIDIAResearch的一個團隊指導了一項由OpenAI的GPT4驅動的人工智能協議，以教授模擬機械手近30個復雜任務，包括扔球、推積木、按開關和其他一些令人印象深刻的能力。)”可知，本文主要講述AI能夠更好地教會模擬機械手執(zhí)行任務。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2024·遼寧·模擬預測）It’snormalforteenagerstofeelnervous,butifnervousnesspreventsyoufromspeakingupinclassormakingfriends,youmayhaveamonconditionknownassocialanxietydisorder.Toovereit,youneedtotakesomemeasures.Practicedeepbreathingtoeaseanxiety.Ifanxietyhitsbeforeapresentationorrightbeforethebellringstochange,takeafewdeepbreathstocalmdown.16Trytomakeeyecontactandsmileatpeople.Makingcasualconversationwithotherkidsatschoolmayseemtoodifficult.17Brieflymakingeyecontactandflashingasmilehelpsyouseemcool,sotheymayeupandtalktoyou.Channelyouranxietyintoacreativeactivity.18Theseactivitiesnotonlybringaboutpositiveselfworth,butthey’llalsotemporarilytakeyouawayfromworries.What’smore,creativeactivitiesalsoallowyoutoreleaseanxietyandturnitintosomethingspecial,likeasongorapainting.19Ifyouhavefriendsorsiblings(兄弟姐妹)yourage,considertalkingtothemaboutsocialanxiety.Sharesomeofyourfearsandaskthemforsupport.Forexample,youmightaskyoursiblingifit’sokaytositwiththematlunchsoyou’renoteatingalone.Practiceexposingyourselftofearsomesituationsgradually.20Makeaplantoexposeyourselftothesesituations,startingwiththosecausingtheleastanxiety.Forexample,youmightstartexposingyourselftoeatinginmonareasatschool.A．Signupforaband,drama,orart.B．Talktotrustedonesandaskfortheirhelp.C．Thus,avoidfacetofacemunicationatfirst.D．Youcan’texpecttobefreeofanxietyovernight.E．Youcanstartbytryingtopresentyourselfasapproachable.F．Sitdownwithatrustedpersonandlistthesituationsthatcauseanxiety.G．Thisisahandytoolyoucanalwaysusetogetahandleonyouranxiety.【答案】16．G17．E18．A19．B20．F【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何克服社交焦慮提出了一些建議。16．根據上文“Ifanxietyhitsbeforeapresentationorrightbeforethebellringstochange,takeafewdeepbreathstocalmdown.”（如果焦慮在演講前或在改變的鈴聲響起之前襲來，做幾次深呼吸以平靜下來。）可知，選項承接上文說明深呼吸的作用。故G選項“這是一個方便的工具，你可以用它來控制你的焦慮?！鼻蓄}。故選G項。17．根據上文“Makingcasualconversationwithotherkidsatschoolmayseemtoodifficult.”（在學校里與其他孩子隨意交談似乎太難了）可知，空格處承接上文說明如何使交談變得容易。選項E“你可以從試著表現自己平易近人開始開始”切題。故選E項。18．根據上文“Channelyouranxietyintoacreativeactivity.”（將你的焦慮轉化為創(chuàng)造性的活動）和下文“Theseactivitiesnotonlybringaboutpositiveselfworth,butthey’llalsotemporarilytakeyouawayfromworries.”（這些活動不僅會帶來積極的自我價值，還會暫時讓你遠離煩惱）可知，選項承上啟下具體說明是哪些活動。故A選項“報名參加樂隊、戲劇或藝術活動”切題。故選A項。19．根據下文“Ifyouhavefriendsorsiblings（兄弟姐妹）yourage,considertalkingtothemaboutsocialanxiety.”（如果你有同齡的朋友或兄弟姐妹，可以考慮和他們談談社交焦慮。）可知，本段在講要向信任的人尋求幫助。故B選項“和你信任的人談談，尋求他們的幫助”切題。故選B項。20．根據上文“Practiceexposingyourselftofearsomesituationsgradually.”（逐漸練習讓自己暴露在可怕的環(huán)境中）和下文“Makeaplantoexposeyourselftothesesituations,startingwiththosecausingtheleastanxiety.”（制定一個計劃，讓自己接觸這些情況，從那些引起最少焦慮的情況開始。）可知，選項承上啟下說明具體的做法是什么。故F選項“和一個值得信任的人坐下來，列出導致焦慮的情況?！鼻蓄}。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（2024·湖北襄陽·三模）Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupedianin2003.I'dneversetfootin21before.I'vealwaysbeena(n)22—I'veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician—butallthatcametoanendafter9/11.IliveinNewYork,andwewatchedthe23towersfallfrommyapartmentbuilding.Forayearafterwards,nobodywantedtogooutorbe24.ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkabout.edy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,andthoughtthatwithalittle25Icoulddoit.Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine,andfinally26thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.Ihadnoideawhattheaudiencewould27ofme.InNewYork,ediansare28youngmenwithbeards.It'shardenoughto29throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother.AsIsteppedonstagethatfirsttime,peoplelaughednervously.Theywereclearly30toseeme.Iintroducedmyself,statedmyageandtriedmyfirstjoke.Therewas31ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.Iwas32.Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyonewomanshowisafullhourinfrontofacrowdof100.Afterashow,peopleyoungandoldeuptome,sayingwhata(n)33Iam,Theysaytheywanttobeasactiveasmewhenthey34myage,I'mpleasedIcanshowthatasanolderpersonyoudon'tneedtotakea35seatinlife.21．A．edy B．tragedy C．drama D．mime22．A．audience B．performer C．worker D．producer23．A．modern B．beautiful C．grand D．picturesque24．A．entertained B．seen C．active D．public25．A．exercise B．practice C．training D．meditation26．A．heldon B．gottogether C．tookup D．pluckedup27．A．make B．bee C．approve D．allow28．A．exclusively B．typically C．rarely D．occasionally29．A．pull B．see C．get D．break30．A．amused B．expected C．surprised D．indifferent31．A．silence B．hesitation C．disbelief D．applause32．A．bored B．addicted C．disinterested D．unexpected33．A．reminder B．motivatione C．challenge D．inspiration34．A．reach B．arrive C．approach D．surpass35．A．dominant B．leading C．back D．passive【答案】21．A22．B23．C24．A25．C26．D27．A28．B29．D30．C31．A32．B33．D34．A35．C【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為一名喜劇演員，在老年時期重新開始了表演生涯的經歷，盡管面對年齡和性別上的挑戰(zhàn)，她通過勇氣和決心克服了困難，并贏得了觀眾的喜愛和尊重。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我以前從未涉足過喜劇。A.edy喜?。籅.tragedy悲??；C.drama戲??；D.mime啞劇表演。由上文“Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupedianin2003”中的edian可知，作者以前從未涉足過喜劇俱樂部。故選A項。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直是一名表演者—我曾經是一名歌手、演員和音樂家—但這一切都在9/11之后結束了。A.audience觀眾；B.performer表演者；C.worker工人；D.producer生產商。由下文“I’veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician”可知，作者曾經是一名歌手、演員和音樂家，一直是一名表演者。故選B項。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我住在紐約，我們看著宏偉的塔樓從我的公寓樓倒塌。A.modern現代的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.grand宏偉的；D.picturesque優(yōu)美的。由上文“9/11”和常識可知，9/11事件中恐怖分子劫持客機撞擊世貿大廈，宏偉的塔樓被撞倒塌。故選C項。24．考查動詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后的一年里，沒有人想出去或娛樂。A.entertained娛樂；B.seen看見；C.active積極的；D.public公共的。由下文“ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkaboutedy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,andthoughtthatwithalittle____5__Icoulddoit.”可知，911恐怖襲擊后人們回避外出或娛樂活動。故選A項。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到人們需要笑，重新享受生活，并認為只要一點訓練我就能做到。A.exercise鍛煉；B.practice練習；C.training訓練；D.meditation冥想。由下文“Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine(我上了幾節(jié)課，試著找出一些套路)”可知，作者認為開始喜劇表演只需稍加訓練。故選C項。26．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我上了幾節(jié)課，試著找出一些套路，最后鼓起勇氣站上舞臺。A.heldon繼續(xù)；B.gottogether聚在一起；C.tookup占據；D.pluckedup鼓起勇氣、振作。由下文“thecouragetogetuponstage”和“Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.(第一次太可怕了)”可知，作者初涉喜劇，感到害怕，所以要鼓起勇氣站上舞臺。故選D項。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道觀眾會怎么看我。A.make制作；B.bee變成；C.approve批準；D.allow允許。由上文“finally6thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying(最后鼓起勇氣站上舞臺。第一次太可怕了)”可知，作者第一次站在喜劇舞臺上感到害怕，需要鼓起勇氣站上舞臺，該空應表明作者產生此種心理的原因，擔憂觀眾對自己的看法，makeof(看待)。故選A項。28．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在紐約，喜劇演員通常是留胡子的年輕人。A.exclusively唯一地；B.typically通常；C.rarely很少；D.occasionally偶爾。由下文“It'shardenoughto____9____throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother”可知，作者已經上了年紀的老婦人，要成為喜劇演員是一件非常難以突破的事情，難在喜劇演員通常是“youngmenwithbeards”可知，此處指喜劇演員通常是留胡子的年輕人。故選B項。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個女人很難突破，對于一個年紀大到已經是他們祖母的人來說更是如此。A.pull拉動；B.see看見；C.get得到；D.break打破。由上文“InNewYork,ediansare8youngmenwithbeards.(在紐約，喜劇演員通常是留胡子的年輕人)”可知，喜劇演員一般是男性，所以作為一位上了年紀的女性，很難取得突破(breakthrough)。故選D項。30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們看到我顯然很驚訝。A.amused好笑的；B.expected預期的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.indifferent漠不關心的。由上文“InNewYork,ediansare8youngmenwithbeards.(在紐約，喜劇演員通常是留胡子的年輕人)”和“someoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother(一個年紀大到已經是他們祖母的人)”可知，喜劇演員一般是年輕男性，而作者是一位上了年紀的女性，所以她的登臺會讓觀眾感到驚訝。故選C項。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一片沉默。A.silence沉默；B.hesitation猶豫；C.disbelief不相信；D.applause掌聲。由下文“ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.(但當我講到第三句話時，人們都笑得合不攏嘴)”中“But”可知，上下文有轉折關系，下文講說到第三句話時人們都在笑，說明在此之前大家都保持沉默，構成轉折。故選A項。32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我上癮了。A.bored無聊的；B.addicted上癮的；C.disinterested客觀的；D.unexpected出乎意料的。由上文“ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.(但當我講到第三句話時，人們都笑得合不攏嘴)”以及下文“Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyonewomanshowisafullhourinfrontofacrowdof100”可知，大家認可作者講的笑話，作者從第一次上舞臺感到緊張到現在可以在100人面前表演整整一個小時，說明作者有成就感，所以對表演喜劇上癮了。故選B項。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：演出結束后，年輕人和老年人都走到我面前，說我是一個多么鼓舞人心的人。A.reminder提醒；B.motivation動機；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.inspiration鼓舞人心的人(或事物)。由下文“Theysaytheywanttobeasactiveasme(他們說，他們想和我一樣活躍)”可知，作者的行為鼓舞了看表演的年輕人和老年人，他們才會想要成為和作者一樣活躍的人。故選D項。34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們說，當他們達到我的年齡時，他們想和我一樣活躍。A.reach到達；B.arrive到達；C.approach接近；D.surpass超過。由上文語境可知，高齡的作者仍然活躍在舞臺上，再結合上文“Theysaytheywanttobeasactiveasme”可知，看表演的年輕人和老年人想到達我的年齡時跟我一樣活躍，及物動詞reach后面直接加賓語，arrive為不及物動詞。故選A項。35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興我能證明，作為一個老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二線。A.dominant占主導地位的；B.leading主要的；C.back后面的；D.passive被動的。由上文語境可知，高齡的作者仍然活躍在舞臺上，并未在生活中退居二線，takeabackseat(讓權于他人、退居次要位置)。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)（2024·山東濟南·模擬預測）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Larou,orpreservedmeat,isawinterseasonspecialtyinChina.Theyarecustomarilymadeduringthelastlunarmonthonthe36(tradition)Chinesecalendarwhenthetemperatureiscool37notfreezingtodryandpreservethesestaples.Larou,generallyreferstoporkproductswhileothercuredmeat,lawei,ismadeacrossChina38(depend)onlocalavailability,usinggoose,duck,rabbit,andevenseafood.Thepreservedmeat39(consider)aformofculturalheritageinmanyplaces.Similartobacon,theChinesepreservedmeatismadewithlargequantitiesofsalt,someof40aresmokedoverwithfire41(achieve)moreflavor.TherearemanykindsofpreservedmeatinChinawith42(incredible)diverseingredientsandrecipes,bringingawiderangeofflavorsfromsweettohot.Eachregionhasitsownseasoningandflavorprofile.TheCantonese43(vary)issweet,flavoredwithsugar,ricewine,andsoysauce.InSichuan,ittendstobehotter,seasonedwithchilipepperandSichuanpepperpowder.Bothofthemaregreatchoices44ingredientsfordisheslikefriedriceandvegetablestirfry.CuredpoultryproductsaremonlyfoundinSouthChina.Theyareslaughtered,butchered,andrubbedwithalcoholbeforesalting,which45(dry)outthemeatandpreventsbacteriagrowingonit.【答案】36．traditional37．but/yet38．depending39．isconsidered40．which41．toachieve42．incredibly43．variation44．as45．dries【導語】本文是一篇