大學(xué)英語自學(xué)考試英語二年級下冊冊unit教案

UNIT4

TextASlaveryOnOurDoorstep

L課文內(nèi)容簡介這篇文章介紹了在英國工作的大約兩萬多名海外家仆，這些

家仆中有1/1。正遭受雇主的各種各樣的虐待和奴役。盡管英國政府采取了新的

措施，這些傭人的生活和工作條件并沒有發(fā)生太大的變化。這種狀況得到了

媒體的普遍關(guān)注。解決問題的關(guān)鍵辦法也許在于允許家傭們自由地選擇顧

主。段落大意：Paras.1-2InBritain,about10%ofthedomestic

servantsarebeingexploitedandabusedinvariousforms.

Paras.3-8Thesadconditionofdomesticsreceivedmediaattention.

Para.9Thekeytotheproblemliesinallowingdomesticworkersthe

freedomtochangeemployers.

ILNewWords詞匯精講：1.slave奴隸slavery奴隸制discover

discoveryn.發(fā)現(xiàn)2.domestica.家庭的；國內(nèi)的，本國的；n.家仆反義

詞：abroad

GDP（=grossdomesticproduct）國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值Manywomenfeelthey

cannotapplyforthetopjobsbecauseofdomesticcommitments.

很多婦女感覺她們因為家庭責(zé)任而不能申請高級工作。Thepresident's

newforeignpolicyisheavilyinfluencedbydomesticfactors.

總統(tǒng)的對外政策在很大程度上受到了國內(nèi)因素的影響。家仆

domestic,servant,maid（女傭）,femalegirl

3.Briton大不列顛人;英國人Britain英國，不列顛英倫三島：England、

Scotland,Welsh,theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthern

Ireland大不列顛與北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國Briton英國人；theBritish;

Englishman

oversea海外的，在海外4.statistics統(tǒng)計數(shù)字：（用作單數(shù)）統(tǒng)計學(xué)：

Thesestaticsonlytellpartofthestory.

Statisticsistaughtinourcollege.

5.abroad在國夕卜、到國外：Hehaslivedabroadforyears.

6.exploit:vt.開發(fā)，開采；利用，剝削n.exploition

Heexploitedhisauthoritypersonalgratification.他利用職權(quán)來滿足個人

的私欲。Amineisexploitedforitsminerals.開發(fā)礦山是為了采礦。The

companyexploiteditsworkerswithlonghoursandlowpay.

該公司利用長工時、低工資的方法來剝削工人。Resourcesshouldbe

properlyexploited.開發(fā)資源要適度。7.abusev./n虐待，濫用Drugand

alcoholabusecontributedtoBrian'searlydeath.

濫用毒品和酗酒導(dǎo)致了布萊恩的早逝。Bephysicallyabused肉體受到虐

待theIraqiprisonerabuse

abuseone'spower

8.campaign:n.戰(zhàn)役，運動；v.參加運動TheHuai-HaiCampaignwas

essentialtothevictoryoftheWarofLiberation.

淮海戰(zhàn)役對解放戰(zhàn)爭的勝利至關(guān)重要。Wearelaunchingacampaign

againstwaste.我們正發(fā)起一場反浪費活動。Heannouncedthathewould

campaignforthesenate.他宣布他將參加議員競選。9.sex性別；visa簽證

10.executevt.將…處死，執(zhí)行，實行executivea.執(zhí)行的，執(zhí)政的The

criminalwasexecutedafterthetrial.審判后罪犯被處死。Allorderswere

immediatelyexecuted.所有的命令將盡早執(zhí)行。CEO=ChiefExecutive

Officer首席執(zhí)行官EMBA=ExecutiveMasterofBusinessAdministration

高級管理人員工商管理碩士ll.convict:vt.證明…有罪，宣判…有罪；n.罪

犯Hewasconvictedofsmuggling.他被判犯有走私罪。相關(guān)詞匯：

accusesb.of???指控某人有罪；chargesbof...指控某人有罪12.despite:

prep.盡管，任憑Despitethefactthattherewasalmostnohopeoffinding

themissingboy,thesearchpartystillwentonlooking.盡管找到失蹤男

孩幾乎無望，搜尋的人群仍然在繼續(xù)尋找。Despitetheshortageofraw

materials,industrialoutputhasincreasedbytenpercent.盡管原材料短

缺，工業(yè)產(chǎn)量仍增長百分之十。Despitewhathesaid,Ididn'tbelievethe

news.不論她如何說，我也不相信這個消息。相關(guān)詞匯：inspiteof盡管,

任憑13.guilt有罪;內(nèi)疚

Thereisnodoubtabouttheguiltofamanwhosteals.

Herfaceshowedguiltthoughshesaidshehadnotdonethat.

14.deserving:a.應(yīng)得，值得派生詞：deservev.應(yīng)得，值得（賓語

可用名詞、動名詞、或不定式）用法：bedeservingof;deserve+n./doing

/todosth.

Hiseffortsarecertainlydeservingofpraise.他的努力當(dāng)然值得表揚。The

questiondeservesconsideration.這個問題值得考慮。Hedeservestolose

becausehecheated.他該輸，因為他作弊。Theprojectdeservesfurther

investigation.這個項目值得進一步調(diào)查。15.SaudiArabia沙特阿拉伯

16.breadwinner養(yǎng)家糊口的人同義詞：provider17.shelf擱板，架子復(fù)

數(shù):變f為I+ves類似地,life,leaf

18.minimum:a./n.最小量；最低限制派生詞：minimizev.使最小化

反義詞：maximumn.最大量，最大限制（手寫板）用法:Wageincreases

arebeingkepttoaminimuminmanycompaniesbecauseofthe

depression.

由于經(jīng)濟不景氣，很多公司的工資增長都被限制在最小幅度。Weneeda

minimumoftenpeopletoplaythisgame.玩這個游戲我們至少需要10個

人。Wehavereducedthecoststotheminimum.我們已將費用減至最低

額。19.employee雇員employer雇主20.incidence發(fā)生率21.statusn.

L情況，狀況2.地位，身份同義詞：situation

thestatusofworldaffairs世界形勢statusasascholar學(xué)者身份

immigrantstatus移民身份statusofwomeninsociety婦女的社會地位

thepoliticalsituation政治面貌thedomesticsituation國內(nèi)形式the

internationalsituation國際形式tokickout驅(qū)逐出境

immigranta.移民的，僑民的

NewYorkhasahugenumberofimmigrantpopulation.

紐約有大量的移民。

n.移民，僑民

Illegalimmigrantsaresentbackacrosstheborderiftheyarecaught.

非法移民如果被抓住會被遣送出境。

deportv.驅(qū)逐出境

Thousandsofillegalimmigrantsarecaughtanddeportedeveryyear.

詞組：l.tobringover:把…帶來；使轉(zhuǎn)變Youmightbringyour

girlfriendovertomorrowevening.明天晚上你不妨把你的女朋友帶來。

Whatshesaidbroughtmeovertoheropinion.她的話使我轉(zhuǎn)而同意

她的意見。Canthissmallboatbringthemovertothissideofthe

river

這條小船能把他們運到河的那邊嗎？相關(guān)詞匯：bringup養(yǎng)育,

撫育；bringabout引起，帶來，產(chǎn)生2.bedeservingof值得，應(yīng)得

Heisdeservingofthepraiseforhiswork.鑒于他的工作應(yīng)受到這表

揚。Therobberisdeservingofcapitalpunishment.這個強盜應(yīng)處

極刑J。3.besupposedto:應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)Youarenotsupposedtosmoke

inhere.你不應(yīng)在這里吸煙。Employeesaresupposedtobehereat

eighteveryday.雇員們應(yīng)該每天8點鐘到這里。slavemachine

machinery

BritainBriton

Statisticalfigure

Diploma

Broadabroadboardaboard

Exploitation

Abusenormalabnormal

Useusageuseduselessmisuse

Launchacampaign

Sexualsexy

Visacarryoutimplement

ExecutionCEo=chiefexecutiveofficer

Convictsbofmurder

Convict

Despite=inspiteofthedifficulty/thebadweather,

Guiltybeguiltyof

Areyouguiltyoftellingalie

Innocentinnocence

Deservedoing

Hisdeedsdeservepraising.Bedeservingof=deserve

Breadearner

Minimumminimalminimize

Maximummaximalmaximize

Thepurposeofmanagementistominimizethewasteand

maximizetheefficiency.

Employemployeremployee

Intervieweeintervieweremploymentunemployment

Leafletbookletstarlet

Incidenceofcancer

Incident

Immigrateimmigrationimmigrant

Emigrateemigrantemigration

Deport

Makeuseof

Theresidentsarecampaigningthelocalgovernmenttodrivethe

factoryaway.

Hedeservedtobecriticized.

Takeover

UI.課文精講第一部分：paras.1-2

1.Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000overseasdomestic

servantsworkinginBritain(theexactfigureisnotknownbecause

theHomeOffice,theGovernmentdepartmentthatdealswiththis,

doesnotkeepstatistics).據(jù)統(tǒng)計，在英國工作的外籍家庭傭人有兩萬

多人

本句為therebe句型的變體，workinginBritain為現(xiàn)在分詞短語

作定語，修飾servants.

括號里內(nèi)容：(由于處理該項事務(wù)的政府部門-內(nèi)政部-沒有做過統(tǒng)計，

精確數(shù)字不得而知)原因狀語從句中主語“內(nèi)政部”有一個同位語。

Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000…可以改寫為"Itis

estimatedthattherearemorethan20,000???";表示"據(jù)說、據(jù)報道、

據(jù)信、據(jù)認(rèn)為、據(jù)估計、據(jù)稱"的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：

1.Itissaid(rported/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)that主語+渭語動詞+

2.主語+besaid(rq^orted/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)todo…

若句型A中that從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為存在有，則出現(xiàn)：

3.Itissaid(rported/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)thatthereis+名詞(單數(shù);)

4.Thereissaid(reported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)tobe+名詞(單數(shù))

5.Itissaid(rported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)thatthereare+名詞(復(fù)數(shù))…

6.Therearesaid(reported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)tobe+名詞(復(fù)數(shù))

例如：Itissaidthattheyarestudyingthisproblem.->Th等are疝dtobestudyingthis

problem.

Itissaidthattheyhavefinishedthetask->Th守are扇dtohavefinishedthetask,

workinginBritain是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)servants的定語；dealwith=copewith=handle意

思是“對付、應(yīng)付、處理

2.Usually,theyhavebeenbroughtoverbyforeignbusinessmen,

diplomatsofBritonsreturningfromabroad.

returningfromabroad是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)Britons的定語。

3.Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedand

abusedbytheiremployers,accordingtoaLondon-based

campaigninggroupwhichhelpsoverseasservantsworkingin

Britain.根據(jù)設(shè)在倫敦的幫助在倫敦工作的外籍家庭傭人的政治組織說,

在兩萬多外籍家庭傭人中幾乎有2000人正遭受雇主的剝削和虐待。

句首Of相當(dāng)于Among,意思是"在…當(dāng)中";句中"arebeing

exploitedandabused"為現(xiàn)在進行時被動語態(tài)，表示“正在被…剝削和

凌辱"。under相當(dāng)于lessthan,意為"將近、不到based"意為"設(shè)

（駐）在…的，以…為基礎(chǔ)的，以…為主要手段的”。例如：

shore-basedaircraft岸基飛機theagency'sParis-basedpress

officer該機構(gòu)駐巴黎的新聞發(fā)布官。London-based意思是''總部設(shè)在倫

敦的"；which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾前面的aLondon-based

campaigninggroup,從句中workinginBritain是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，修

飾前面的servants,作定語。

第二段：

1.Theabusecantakeseveralforms.

2.Oftenthedomesticsarenotallowedtogoout,andtheydonot

receiveanypayment.

該句的domestic是名詞,相當(dāng)于domesticservant;allowsbtodo

sth意思是"允許某人做某事"，句中togoout是主語補足語成分。

3.Theycanbephysically,sexuallyandpsychologicallyabused.

4.Andtheycanhavetheirpassportsremoved,makingleavingor

"escaping"virtuallyimpossible.他們在身體上、性和心理上遭受凌辱。

他們還會被收去護照，使得出走或“逃跑”根本不可能。"havetheir

passportsremoved"是have+賓語+過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。"removed"是過

去分詞作賓補，表示被動，意為“使得護照被拿走"。making…

impossible為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語.

,theycanhavetheirpassportsremoved譯為'他們的護照可能會被沒收此處出現(xiàn)havesth

done結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞have作“讓”講，可用于以下句型：

A.havesbdosth（讓某人^^事）例如：Shehadmebuyabookforher.

B.havesthdoing物16^事）例如：havethelan^ilighting/havethefireburning/

havethemachineworking

C.havesthdone（讓某事被做）例如：Hehadhishaircutyesterday/Hehadhis

carrepairedthismorning.

句后面有making...virtuallyimpossible這是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)伴隨狀語。

第二部分：paras.3—8

1.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundthe

worldreceivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveral

highlypublicizedcases.今年年初，幾個透明度頗高的案例中有關(guān)世界

各地的家庭女傭的悲慘狀況受到新聞媒體的關(guān)注。

該句主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Thesadconditionreceivedmuchmedia

attention.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomestics

aroundtheworld在句中作主語，謂語是received受到，"inseveral

highlypublicizedcases"的意思是”在幾個被高度曝光的案例中“。

介詞短語ofwomenworking???aroundtheworld是主語的定語

成分，earlierthisyearinseveralhighlypublicisedcases是狀語成

分；womenworkingas???是動名詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所有格標(biāo)記"‘s"

被省略，本應(yīng)為women'sworkingas…，當(dāng)動名詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)充

當(dāng)賓語時，所有格標(biāo)記's則可以省略。workas意思是"當(dāng)、充當(dāng)"，試比

較worklike:Heworksasaslave.他當(dāng)奴隸。Heworkslikeaslave.

他象奴隸一樣地工作。

2.Inoneofthem,aFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafter

beingconvictedofmurder,despiteprotestsfromvariousquarters

thatherguilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.其中一個案例

是講一位菲律賓女傭因被指控犯有謀殺罪在新加坡被處死，盡管有來自各

地的抗議認(rèn)為她的罪名不足以成立。

句中"beingconvictedofmurder"為動名詞被動式作介詞"after"的

賓語，表示“被判為謀殺罪”。convictsbofsth是固定搭配，意思是"

判某人犯有…罪行"；despite是介詞，相當(dāng)于inspiteof,意思是"盡管、

雖然"后接名詞性成分；fromvariousquarters意為"來自四方"；that

所引導(dǎo)的從句是protests（抗議）的同位語從句。

3.GroupslikeAnti-SlaveryInternationalsayother,lessdramatic,

casesareequallydeservingofattention,suchasthatofLydia

Garcia,aFilipinomaidworkinginLondon:

bedeservingof意思是"值得"，deserving是形容詞，來自動詞

deserve,deserve可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

deserve+n.

deserve+beingdone

deserve+tobedone

試比較：

beworthdoing

beworthyofbeingdone

beworthytobedone

thatofL^diaGarcia中的that是代詞，代替thecase。

P.85

第4段：

1."IwashiredbyaSaudidiplomatdirectlyfromthePhilippinesto

workinLondonin1989.

thePhilippines可指"菲律賓群島"，也可指國家名稱“菲律賓"；to

workinLondon是不定式短語，充當(dāng)主語補足語。

2.Iwassupposedtobepaid￡120butIneverreceivedthat

amount.

besupposedto有兩種用法：表示理應(yīng)、應(yīng)該：Everyoneis

supposedtowearasearbeltinthecar.汽車內(nèi)每個人都應(yīng)系安全帶。

表示“一般認(rèn)為"Ihaven5tseenitmyself,butitissupposedtobe

areallygoodfilm.我自己并未看過這部片子，但普遍認(rèn)為這是一部好片

子。此處的besupposedto和beexpectedto同義，譯為"應(yīng)該"，例如：

YouaresupposedtofinishyourworkbyFriday.你應(yīng)該在星期

五之前把工作完成。

3.Theyalwaysthreatenedthattheywouldsendmebacktomy

country."

動詞threaten可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

threatensbwithsth以。??威脅某人

threatenthat威脅說…

threatentodosth威脅說要做某事

第5段：

1.ThenthereisthecaseofKumarifromSriLanka.

2.Themainbreadwinnerinherfamily,sheusedtoworkforavery

lowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka.

比較usedto和beusedto:

1)usedto意思是"過去、過去常常"；used是動詞，且只有過去時態(tài)；

t。是不定式符號，后面接動詞原形。

2)beusedto表示,習(xí)慣于"；be是連系動詞，有時態(tài)變化；used是形

容詞；to是介詞，后面接名詞或動名詞。

3.Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,she

acceptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon.

it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是tofeedherfourchildren;形容詞

difficult是賓語補足語。

4.ShesaysshefeltlikeaprisonerattheLondonhousewhereshe

worked:

該句中feellike意思是"感覺象";feellike也可表示"想"，例如：

Ifeellikeaswim/goingswimming.我想去游泳。

第6段：

1."Nodaysoff—ever,nobreaksatall,noproperfood.

Nodaysoff意思是"不放假",此處off表示"休假、休息、不上班”，

例如：

IthinkI'lltaketheafternoonoff.我想我下午要休假半天。

Themanagergavethestaffadayoff.經(jīng)理放全體職員一天假。

Youmustn'ttaketimeoffjustbecauseyouwanttoseeafootball

match.你不可以只是為了看一場足球賽而休假。

2.1didn'thavemyownroom;Isleptonashelfwithaspaceofonly

threefeetaboveme.

該句第二分句中，withaspaceofonlythreefeetaboveme是含

有介詞with的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，充當(dāng)shelf的定語成分；該結(jié)構(gòu)是：

doing

done

with+n.+adj.

adv.

prep。

例如：

Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,withsome由必欣follawmghim

Thewomanteacher'sbocfywasdiscoveredbyahiker,withhandsandfeetbamd

Helikessleepingwiiithewindowsopeneveninwinter.

Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,withabookinMsfm曲

3.Iwasn'tallowedtotalktoanybody.

totalktoanybody是不定式短語，充當(dāng)主語補足語。

4.Iwasn'tevenallowedtoopenthewindow.

該句結(jié)構(gòu)同上。

5.MyemployersalwaysthreatenedtoreportmetotheHome

Officeorthepolice."

動詞threaten可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

threatensbwithsth以。??威脅某人

threatenthat威脅說…

threatentodosth威脅說要做某事

本句出現(xiàn)了上面的第三種結(jié)構(gòu)。

第7段：

1.Attheendof1994theBritishGovernmentintroducednew

measurestohelpprotectdomesticworkersfromabusebytheir

employers.

attheendof意思是"在…底、在…末、在…的最后introduce

measures相當(dāng)于takemeasures,意思是"采取措施"；help+(to)do

意為"幫助做某事"；protect-from…是一固定搭配，表示‘保護…免遭

(…的痛苦或虐待)"that"引導(dǎo)protests的同位語從句,表示抗議的

內(nèi)容。

2.Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,

gettingemployeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,

gettingemployerstoagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceand

conditions,andtoputinwritingthemaintermsandconditionsof

thejob(ofwhichtheemployeesshouldseeacopy).措施包括把雇

工的最小年齡提高到18歲，使受雇者能閱讀并理解通告單，使雇主同意

提供適當(dāng)?shù)纳钯M用和條件，并寫出工作條件和主要的工作條款(受雇者

應(yīng)有此種副本)。

該句謂語動詞是included,include后要接動名詞作賓語。其賓語是

三個并列的動名詞短語：increasing…，gettingemployeesto…和

gettingemployersto…，表示新措施包括的三項內(nèi)容。getsb.todosth.

意為"讓某人做某事"，其中todosth.是賓語補足語；toagreeto

provide…和toputinwritingthemain…是并列關(guān)系，同時作賓語

補足語；put…inwriting意思是,1把…形諸文字"，inwriting,因為作

賓補的介詞短語較短，而賓語較長，故把賓補提前。此處put的賓語是the

maintermsandconditionsofthejob;ofwhich弓|導(dǎo)的是非限制性

定語從句，修飾writing。

第8段：

1.However,manypeopledoubtwhetherthiswillsuccessfully

reducetheincidenceofabuse.

doubt可以是動詞，也可是名詞，一般情況下，在否定句中，doubt

后總是跟著that從句，在肯定句中，doubt后接if(whether)或that從

句。但一般以為肯定句接if(whether)較為規(guī)范。

Idon'tdoubtthatheJstellingthetruth.

Idoubtwhether/ifhe'stellingthetruth.

2.Forthemainproblemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswho

trytocomplainaboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthat

theydonothaveindependentimmigrantstatusandsocannot

changeemployer.因為那些企圖抗議惡劣生活和工作條件的外籍女傭

和家仆所面臨的主要問題是他們沒有獨立的移民身份，因此不能更換雇

主。

該句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)為"For???problem???isthat…該句是主系表結(jié)

構(gòu)，主語是themainproblem,系動詞是is,表語是that引導(dǎo)的從句;

主語后面有現(xiàn)在分詞短語facingoverseasmaidsanddomestics…作

定語，而overseasmaidsanddomestics后面又有who引導(dǎo)的定語從

句；complainabout亦作complainof,意思是"抱怨"。

3.(TheyareallowedintheUnitedKingdomunderaspecial

concessionintheimmigrationruleswhichallowsforeignersto

bringdomesticstaffwiththem.)

該句有一定語從句，由which引導(dǎo)，該從句修飾前面的aspecial

concession,故which為單數(shù)，后面的謂語動詞是allows。

4.Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.

do是助動詞，用以加強語氣，risk后面只可接動名詞，而不可接不

定式，因是被動意義，故出現(xiàn)riskbeingdeported;這類動詞有：finish,

mind,suggest,enjoy,giveup,can'thelp,avoid,escape,consider,

delay,putoff,postpone,admit,deny,practise,excuse,fancy,

imagine,keep,miss,risk,appreciate

P.86

第三部分Para.9

1.Allowingdomesticworkersthefreedomtoseekthesametypeof

workbutwithadifferentemployer,iftheysochoose,iswhat

groupslikeAnti-SlaveryInternationalarecampaigningthe

Governmentfor.

Allowingdomesticworkersthefreedom???butwitha

differentemployer是動名詞短語，作句子主語，is是連系動詞，后面有

what引導(dǎo)的表語從句；iftheysochoose條件狀語從句意思是"如果他們

這樣選擇的話"，相當(dāng)于iftheychoosetoseekthesametypeofwork

butwithadifferentemployer;campaignsbforsth意思是"為了?一

對某人進行運動、促使某人去做某事"，而campaignsbagainststh與

它意思相反，意思是"為了反對…對某人進行運動、促使某人不要去做某事

2.Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhich

distinguishesemploymentfromslavery.他們說，正是有權(quán)改變雇主

的這一做法區(qū)分了雇傭制和奴隸制

該句theysay是插入語；distinguish???from…意思是"把…和…區(qū)別開來”;

Itistheright???whichdistinguishes…意思是"正是改換雇主的權(quán)利劃清

了雇傭和奴役的界限”，該句是一很不規(guī)范的英語句子，規(guī)范的說法應(yīng)該是：Itis

theright???thatdistinguishes…，這是強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。todistinguish???from

把…區(qū)分開Unit4重點句1.Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000

overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain(theexactfigureisnot

knownbecausetheHomeOffice,theGovernmentdepartmentthat

dealswiththis,doesnotkeepstatistics).Therebe表"存在"的句型。2.Of

these20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedandabusedbytheir

employers,accordingtoaLondon-basedcampaigninggroupwhich

helpsoverseasservantsworkinginBritain.

3.Andtheycanhavetheirpassportsremoved,makingleavingor

"escaping"virtuallyimpossible.

4.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundtheworld

receivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighly

publicisedcases.

5.Inoneofthem,aFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeing

convictedofmurder,despiteprotestsfromvariousquartersthather

guilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.

Guiltn.有罪反義詞:innocence

Guiltyadj.有罪的反義詞innocente

6.ThenthereisthecaseofKumarifromSriLanka.Themain

breadwinnerinherfamily,sheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatatea

factoryinSriLanka.

7.Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,getting

employeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,gettingemployers

toagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceandconditions,andtoputin

writingthemaintermsandconditionsofthejob(ofwhichthe

employeesshouldseeacopy).注意三個并列的動名詞短語。8.Forthemain

problemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswhotrytocomplain

aboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthattheydonothave

independentimmigrantstatusandsocannotchangeemployer.

9.Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhichdistinguishes

employmentfromslavery.只有更換雇主的權(quán)利才能把雇傭同奴役區(qū)別開。

IV.練習(xí)1.單詞英譯漢domestic,statistic,diplomat,exploit,campaign,

execute,convict,despite,deserving,shelf,minimum,status,deport,

Wordstudy

1.exploit:vt.開采，開發(fā)；利用；剝削

ThestudentexploitseverypossibilitytolearnEnglish.

這個學(xué)生利用一切可能性學(xué)英語。

2.campaign

n.1.戰(zhàn)役；2.運動，參與運動

Ourcountryislaunchingacampaignagainstwaste.

我們國家正在開展反浪費運動。

Ourcountryislaunchingacampaignenvironmentprotection.

我們國家正在開展環(huán)保運動。

Vt.參加運動，參加競選活動

Theywerecampaigntokeepthelocalschoolopen.

他們?yōu)槭巩?dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校不致關(guān)閉而奔走活動。

3.Execute

Vt.實行，執(zhí)行，完成，貫徹；將……處死

Thepianistexecutedthepieceofmusicperfectly.

這位鋼琴家把這首曲子演奏得完美極了-

Thecriminalwasexecutedafterthetrial.

審判后罪犯即被處死。

課后漢譯英：

1.開發(fā)資源要適度

Resourcesshouldbeproperlyexploited(用被動).

2.這個項目值得進一步調(diào)查

Theprojectdeserves/isdeservingoffurtherinvestigation

3.無論她如何說，我也不相信這個消息

Despitewhatshesaid,Ididn'tbelievethisnews.

B課文重點詞匯

eyewitness:n.目擊者；見證人

degrade:vt.降級，貶低；墮落；退化

liberty：n.自由，自由權(quán)；冒昧，失禮；(pl.)特許權(quán)，特權(quán)

2.句子英譯漢(1)Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000

overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain.

(2)Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedand

abusedbytheiremployers.

(3)Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundthe

worldreceivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighly

publicizedcases.

(4)AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvicted

ofmurder,despiteprotestsformvariousquartersthatherguilthadnot

beenadequatelyestablished.

(5)SheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka.

(6)Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,she

acceptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon.

(7)Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.

(8)Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,

gettingemployeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,getting

employerstoagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceandconditions,

andtoputinwritingthemaintermsandconditionsofthejob(ofwhich

theemployeesshouldseeacopy).

(9)Forthemainproblemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswho

trytocomplainaboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthattheydo

nothaveindependentimmigrantstatusandsocannotchangeemployer.

(10)Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhich

distinguishesemploymentfromslavery.

3.句子漢譯英(1)處理有關(guān)事務(wù)的政府部門沒有做統(tǒng)計。Thegovernment

departmentthatdealswithrelevantaffairsdoesnotkeepstatistics.

(2)正因為她無法養(yǎng)家才同意做家仆。Itwasbecauseshefoundit

difficulttofeedherfamilythatsheacceptedajobworkingasadomestic.

(3)她是一名沙特外交官直接從菲律賓雇到倫敦來工作的。Shewashired

byaSaudidiplomatdirectlyfromthePhilippinestoworkinLondon.

(4)家仆的工作狀況得到了新聞媒介的關(guān)注。Theconditionsofworking

asdomesticshavereceivedmediaattention.

(5)雇主們總是威脅要把我們遣送回國。Theemployersalways

threatenedtosendusbacktoourcountries.

Translation

1.許多家庭傭人受到雇主的剝削和虐待。

答：Manydomesticservantsareexploitedandabusedbytheir

employers.

2.自去年以來，女傭們的悲慘境況已受到媒體密切關(guān)注。

答：Thebadconditionofthewomanservantshasreceivedmuch

mediaattentionsincelastyear.

3.他經(jīng)常威脅我，說要將我遣送回國。

答：Healwaysthreatenedthathewouldsendmebacktomy

country.

4.她曾在一家茶葉廠工作，工資很低。

答：Sheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactory.

5.據(jù)估計有兩萬多名外國家傭在英國工作。

答：Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan20,000overseas

domesticservantsworkinginBritain.

4.歷年考題(1)Whentheygetoutofprison,they(increase)the

leveloftheircriminalbehavior.

答案：willincrease.

考點：時間狀語從句中主句用將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。從句謂

語動詞是get一般現(xiàn)在時，所以從句用willincrease.(主將從現(xiàn))

(2)Attheendof1994theBritishGovernmentintroducednew

measurestohelpdomesticworkersfromabusebytheir

employers.

A.protect

B.suspect

C.expect

D.inspect

答案是：A.

考點是：protect???from保護…免受…

(3)theirdifferences,theyfellpassionatelyinlovewitheach

other.

A.Asfor

B.Owingto

C.Despite

D.Through

答案：C.

考點：despite表示讓步的關(guān)系。本句的意思是：盡管他們之間有分歧，但

他們彼此深愛對方。

ExerCvBifi)rtheTexl

1.Readingrom(yehrrt*i<jn.

l.b2.d3.c4.b5.b

[1FindsynonjTnsforthefolliwjiigwnrdi?orexpressMXIA.

1.tlipkimai2abuse3.remove4,quarter

5.guilt6-hare7,bnradwinnwS.intnxhioe

9.TnairitHntmc^10,iimugrant

[H.Choosewordsfromdirfollowingtwoct4uambtokumpai巧(rfantonyms.

l.itiUvery/fwedom2.cpmig，complain

3.bbt*€/atafT4.cthrealerv7mcowa^c

5?jvancLtf/Hable6gmentally/physically

7,hdofuhsdc/abirxid8finrwcmt

9.amijiinmim/'mfiiinium10.dsupport/P?KE

IV、Owe,

dbout.SOfJ,yowig,IMTT,much.iemagcr,were

V.Trunblafe(liejaligingsentencesintoEnglish.

1.仇GMtmmenCDepartmentthaf(Wswrthndoleddoesnotkeepstatis-

tics.

2.ItwaKbrt^auMe?hrmikin'im4)f>inher￡unilythntsheacvepted&jobwrki現(xiàn)

豌atti￡jd.

3She-hiredbyaSaudidipkv3drectlyfexnthePMippigtow?<iinLon-

dun.

4TheworkingcondhiDiiEofdomrsticrecehedirturhgdiaattettioh.

STheonphveraalwaysthrralencdti皿theywouldsenduabecktoouioxirtne*.

1exploitvt.開拓，開發(fā),開采，剝削，用以自肥v.使用

exploitableadj.可開發(fā)的，可利用的,可剝削的

exploitabilityn.可開發(fā)性，可利用性，可剝削性

exploitationn.開發(fā),開采，剝削，自私的利用，宣傳，廣告

exploitativeadj.開發(fā)資源的，剝削的

2executevt.執(zhí)行，實行，完成，處死，制成，[律]經(jīng)簽名蓋章等手續(xù)使(證書)生

效

accomplishcarryoutcompletedokillperformputtodeath

executiveadj.實行的，執(zhí)行的，行