大學(xué)英語自學(xué)考試英語二年級(jí)下冊冊u(píng)nit教案

UNIT4

TextASlaveryOnOurDoorstep

L課文內(nèi)容簡介這篇文章介紹了在英國工作的大約兩萬多名海外家仆，這些

家仆中有1/1。正遭受雇主的各種各樣的虐待和奴役。盡管英國政府采取了新的

措施，這些傭人的生活和工作條件并沒有發(fā)生太大的變化。這種狀況得到了

媒體的普遍關(guān)注。解決問題的關(guān)鍵辦法也許在于允許家傭們自由地選擇顧

主。段落大意：Paras.1-2InBritain,about10%ofthedomestic

servantsarebeingexploitedandabusedinvariousforms.

Paras.3-8Thesadconditionofdomesticsreceivedmediaattention.

Para.9Thekeytotheproblemliesinallowingdomesticworkersthe

freedomtochangeemployers.

ILNewWords詞匯精講：1.slave奴隸slavery奴隸制discover

discoveryn.發(fā)現(xiàn)2.domestica.家庭的；國內(nèi)的，本國的；n.家仆反義

詞：abroad

GDP（=grossdomesticproduct）國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值Manywomenfeelthey

cannotapplyforthetopjobsbecauseofdomesticcommitments.

很多婦女感覺她們因?yàn)榧彝ヘ?zé)任而不能申請(qǐng)高級(jí)工作。Thepresident's

newforeignpolicyisheavilyinfluencedbydomesticfactors.

總統(tǒng)的對(duì)外政策在很大程度上受到了國內(nèi)因素的影響。家仆

domestic,servant,maid（女傭）,femalegirl

3.Briton大不列顛人;英國人Britain英國，不列顛英倫三島：England、

Scotland,Welsh,theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthern

Ireland大不列顛與北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國Briton英國人；theBritish;

Englishman

oversea海外的，在海外4.statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：（用作單數(shù)）統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)：

Thesestaticsonlytellpartofthestory.

Statisticsistaughtinourcollege.

5.abroad在國夕卜、到國外：Hehaslivedabroadforyears.

6.exploit:vt.開發(fā)，開采；利用，剝削n.exploition

Heexploitedhisauthoritypersonalgratification.他利用職權(quán)來滿足個(gè)人

的私欲。Amineisexploitedforitsminerals.開發(fā)礦山是為了采礦。The

companyexploiteditsworkerswithlonghoursandlowpay.

該公司利用長工時(shí)、低工資的方法來剝削工人。Resourcesshouldbe

properlyexploited.開發(fā)資源要適度。7.abusev./n虐待，濫用Drugand

alcoholabusecontributedtoBrian'searlydeath.

濫用毒品和酗酒導(dǎo)致了布萊恩的早逝。Bephysicallyabused肉體受到虐

待theIraqiprisonerabuse

abuseone'spower

8.campaign:n.戰(zhàn)役，運(yùn)動(dòng)；v.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)TheHuai-HaiCampaignwas

essentialtothevictoryoftheWarofLiberation.

淮海戰(zhàn)役對(duì)解放戰(zhàn)爭的勝利至關(guān)重要。Wearelaunchingacampaign

againstwaste.我們正發(fā)起一場反浪費(fèi)活動(dòng)。Heannouncedthathewould

campaignforthesenate.他宣布他將參加議員競選。9.sex性別；visa簽證

10.executevt.將…處死，執(zhí)行，實(shí)行executivea.執(zhí)行的，執(zhí)政的The

criminalwasexecutedafterthetrial.審判后罪犯被處死。Allorderswere

immediatelyexecuted.所有的命令將盡早執(zhí)行。CEO=ChiefExecutive

Officer首席執(zhí)行官EMBA=ExecutiveMasterofBusinessAdministration

高級(jí)管理人員工商管理碩士ll.convict:vt.證明…有罪，宣判…有罪；n.罪

犯Hewasconvictedofsmuggling.他被判犯有走私罪。相關(guān)詞匯：

accusesb.of???指控某人有罪；chargesbof...指控某人有罪12.despite:

prep.盡管，任憑Despitethefactthattherewasalmostnohopeoffinding

themissingboy,thesearchpartystillwentonlooking.盡管找到失蹤男

孩幾乎無望，搜尋的人群仍然在繼續(xù)尋找。Despitetheshortageofraw

materials,industrialoutputhasincreasedbytenpercent.盡管原材料短

缺，工業(yè)產(chǎn)量仍增長百分之十。Despitewhathesaid,Ididn'tbelievethe

news.不論她如何說，我也不相信這個(gè)消息。相關(guān)詞匯：inspiteof盡管,

任憑13.guilt有罪;內(nèi)疚

Thereisnodoubtabouttheguiltofamanwhosteals.

Herfaceshowedguiltthoughshesaidshehadnotdonethat.

14.deserving:a.應(yīng)得，值得派生詞：deservev.應(yīng)得，值得（賓語

可用名詞、動(dòng)名詞、或不定式）用法：bedeservingof;deserve+n./doing

/todosth.

Hiseffortsarecertainlydeservingofpraise.他的努力當(dāng)然值得表揚(yáng)。The

questiondeservesconsideration.這個(gè)問題值得考慮。Hedeservestolose

becausehecheated.他該輸，因?yàn)樗鞅?。Theprojectdeservesfurther

investigation.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目值得進(jìn)一步調(diào)查。15.SaudiArabia沙特阿拉伯

16.breadwinner養(yǎng)家糊口的人同義詞：provider17.shelf擱板，架子復(fù)

數(shù):變f為I+ves類似地,life,leaf

18.minimum:a./n.最小量；最低限制派生詞：minimizev.使最小化

反義詞：maximumn.最大量，最大限制（手寫板）用法:Wageincreases

arebeingkepttoaminimuminmanycompaniesbecauseofthe

depression.

由于經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，很多公司的工資增長都被限制在最小幅度。Weneeda

minimumoftenpeopletoplaythisgame.玩這個(gè)游戲我們至少需要10個(gè)

人。Wehavereducedthecoststotheminimum.我們已將費(fèi)用減至最低

額。19.employee雇員employer雇主20.incidence發(fā)生率21.statusn.

L情況，狀況2.地位，身份同義詞：situation

thestatusofworldaffairs世界形勢statusasascholar學(xué)者身份

immigrantstatus移民身份statusofwomeninsociety婦女的社會(huì)地位

thepoliticalsituation政治面貌thedomesticsituation國內(nèi)形式the

internationalsituation國際形式tokickout驅(qū)逐出境

immigranta.移民的，僑民的

NewYorkhasahugenumberofimmigrantpopulation.

紐約有大量的移民。

n.移民，僑民

Illegalimmigrantsaresentbackacrosstheborderiftheyarecaught.

非法移民如果被抓住會(huì)被遣送出境。

deportv.驅(qū)逐出境

Thousandsofillegalimmigrantsarecaughtanddeportedeveryyear.

詞組：l.tobringover:把…帶來；使轉(zhuǎn)變Youmightbringyour

girlfriendovertomorrowevening.明天晚上你不妨把你的女朋友帶來。

Whatshesaidbroughtmeovertoheropinion.她的話使我轉(zhuǎn)而同意

她的意見。Canthissmallboatbringthemovertothissideofthe

river

這條小船能把他們運(yùn)到河的那邊嗎？相關(guān)詞匯：bringup養(yǎng)育,

撫育；bringabout引起，帶來，產(chǎn)生2.bedeservingof值得，應(yīng)得

Heisdeservingofthepraiseforhiswork.鑒于他的工作應(yīng)受到這表

揚(yáng)。Therobberisdeservingofcapitalpunishment.這個(gè)強(qiáng)盜應(yīng)處

極刑J。3.besupposedto:應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)Youarenotsupposedtosmoke

inhere.你不應(yīng)在這里吸煙。Employeesaresupposedtobehereat

eighteveryday.雇員們應(yīng)該每天8點(diǎn)鐘到這里。slavemachine

machinery

BritainBriton

Statisticalfigure

Diploma

Broadabroadboardaboard

Exploitation

Abusenormalabnormal

Useusageuseduselessmisuse

Launchacampaign

Sexualsexy

Visacarryoutimplement

ExecutionCEo=chiefexecutiveofficer

Convictsbofmurder

Convict

Despite=inspiteofthedifficulty/thebadweather,

Guiltybeguiltyof

Areyouguiltyoftellingalie

Innocentinnocence

Deservedoing

Hisdeedsdeservepraising.Bedeservingof=deserve

Breadearner

Minimumminimalminimize

Maximummaximalmaximize

Thepurposeofmanagementistominimizethewasteand

maximizetheefficiency.

Employemployeremployee

Intervieweeintervieweremploymentunemployment

Leafletbookletstarlet

Incidenceofcancer

Incident

Immigrateimmigrationimmigrant

Emigrateemigrantemigration

Deport

Makeuseof

Theresidentsarecampaigningthelocalgovernmenttodrivethe

factoryaway.

Hedeservedtobecriticized.

Takeover

UI.課文精講第一部分：paras.1-2

1.Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000overseasdomestic

servantsworkinginBritain(theexactfigureisnotknownbecause

theHomeOffice,theGovernmentdepartmentthatdealswiththis,

doesnotkeepstatistics).據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在英國工作的外籍家庭傭人有兩萬

多人

本句為therebe句型的變體，workinginBritain為現(xiàn)在分詞短語

作定語，修飾servants.

括號(hào)里內(nèi)容：(由于處理該項(xiàng)事務(wù)的政府部門-內(nèi)政部-沒有做過統(tǒng)計(jì)，

精確數(shù)字不得而知)原因狀語從句中主語“內(nèi)政部”有一個(gè)同位語。

Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000…可以改寫為"Itis

estimatedthattherearemorethan20,000???";表示"據(jù)說、據(jù)報(bào)道、

據(jù)信、據(jù)認(rèn)為、據(jù)估計(jì)、據(jù)稱"的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：

1.Itissaid(rported/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)that主語+渭語動(dòng)詞+

2.主語+besaid(rq^orted/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)todo…

若句型A中that從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為存在有，則出現(xiàn)：

3.Itissaid(rported/beliwed/thought/estimated/claimed)thatthereis+名詞(單數(shù);)

4.Thereissaid(reported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)tobe+名詞(單數(shù))

5.Itissaid(rported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)thatthereare+名詞(復(fù)數(shù))…

6.Therearesaid(reported/believed/thought/estimated/claimed)tobe+名詞(復(fù)數(shù))

例如：Itissaidthattheyarestudyingthisproblem.->Th等are疝dtobestudyingthis

problem.

Itissaidthattheyhavefinishedthetask->Th守are扇dtohavefinishedthetask,

workinginBritain是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)servants的定語；dealwith=copewith=handle意

思是“對(duì)付、應(yīng)付、處理

2.Usually,theyhavebeenbroughtoverbyforeignbusinessmen,

diplomatsofBritonsreturningfromabroad.

returningfromabroad是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)Britons的定語。

3.Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedand

abusedbytheiremployers,accordingtoaLondon-based

campaigninggroupwhichhelpsoverseasservantsworkingin

Britain.根據(jù)設(shè)在倫敦的幫助在倫敦工作的外籍家庭傭人的政治組織說,

在兩萬多外籍家庭傭人中幾乎有2000人正遭受雇主的剝削和虐待。

句首Of相當(dāng)于Among,意思是"在…當(dāng)中";句中"arebeing

exploitedandabused"為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“正在被…剝削和

凌辱"。under相當(dāng)于lessthan,意為"將近、不到based"意為"設(shè)

（駐）在…的，以…為基礎(chǔ)的，以…為主要手段的”。例如：

shore-basedaircraft岸基飛機(jī)theagency'sParis-basedpress

officer該機(jī)構(gòu)駐巴黎的新聞發(fā)布官。London-based意思是''總部設(shè)在倫

敦的"；which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾前面的aLondon-based

campaigninggroup,從句中workinginBritain是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，修

飾前面的servants,作定語。

第二段：

1.Theabusecantakeseveralforms.

2.Oftenthedomesticsarenotallowedtogoout,andtheydonot

receiveanypayment.

該句的domestic是名詞,相當(dāng)于domesticservant;allowsbtodo

sth意思是"允許某人做某事"，句中togoout是主語補(bǔ)足語成分。

3.Theycanbephysically,sexuallyandpsychologicallyabused.

4.Andtheycanhavetheirpassportsremoved,makingleavingor

"escaping"virtuallyimpossible.他們在身體上、性和心理上遭受凌辱。

他們還會(huì)被收去護(hù)照，使得出走或“逃跑”根本不可能。"havetheir

passportsremoved"是have+賓語+過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。"removed"是過

去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)，意為“使得護(hù)照被拿走"。making…

impossible為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語.

,theycanhavetheirpassportsremoved譯為'他們的護(hù)照可能會(huì)被沒收此處出現(xiàn)havesth

done結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞have作“讓”講，可用于以下句型：

A.havesbdosth（讓某人^^事）例如：Shehadmebuyabookforher.

B.havesthdoing物16^事）例如：havethelan^ilighting/havethefireburning/

havethemachineworking

C.havesthdone（讓某事被做）例如：Hehadhishaircutyesterday/Hehadhis

carrepairedthismorning.

句后面有making...virtuallyimpossible這是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，充當(dāng)伴隨狀語。

第二部分：paras.3—8

1.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundthe

worldreceivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveral

highlypublicizedcases.今年年初，幾個(gè)透明度頗高的案例中有關(guān)世界

各地的家庭女傭的悲慘狀況受到新聞媒體的關(guān)注。

該句主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Thesadconditionreceivedmuchmedia

attention.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomestics

aroundtheworld在句中作主語，謂語是received受到，"inseveral

highlypublicizedcases"的意思是”在幾個(gè)被高度曝光的案例中“。

介詞短語ofwomenworking???aroundtheworld是主語的定語

成分，earlierthisyearinseveralhighlypublicisedcases是狀語成

分；womenworkingas???是動(dòng)名詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所有格標(biāo)記"‘s"

被省略，本應(yīng)為women'sworkingas…，當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)充

當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，所有格標(biāo)記's則可以省略。workas意思是"當(dāng)、充當(dāng)"，試比

較worklike:Heworksasaslave.他當(dāng)奴隸。Heworkslikeaslave.

他象奴隸一樣地工作。

2.Inoneofthem,aFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafter

beingconvictedofmurder,despiteprotestsfromvariousquarters

thatherguilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.其中一個(gè)案例

是講一位菲律賓女傭因被指控犯有謀殺罪在新加坡被處死，盡管有來自各

地的抗議認(rèn)為她的罪名不足以成立。

句中"beingconvictedofmurder"為動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式作介詞"after"的

賓語，表示“被判為謀殺罪”。convictsbofsth是固定搭配，意思是"

判某人犯有…罪行"；despite是介詞，相當(dāng)于inspiteof,意思是"盡管、

雖然"后接名詞性成分；fromvariousquarters意為"來自四方"；that

所引導(dǎo)的從句是protests（抗議）的同位語從句。

3.GroupslikeAnti-SlaveryInternationalsayother,lessdramatic,

casesareequallydeservingofattention,suchasthatofLydia

Garcia,aFilipinomaidworkinginLondon:

bedeservingof意思是"值得"，deserving是形容詞，來自動(dòng)詞

deserve,deserve可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

deserve+n.

deserve+beingdone

deserve+tobedone

試比較：

beworthdoing

beworthyofbeingdone

beworthytobedone

thatofL^diaGarcia中的that是代詞，代替thecase。

P.85

第4段：

1."IwashiredbyaSaudidiplomatdirectlyfromthePhilippinesto

workinLondonin1989.

thePhilippines可指"菲律賓群島"，也可指國家名稱“菲律賓"；to

workinLondon是不定式短語，充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)足語。

2.Iwassupposedtobepaid￡120butIneverreceivedthat

amount.

besupposedto有兩種用法：表示理應(yīng)、應(yīng)該：Everyoneis

supposedtowearasearbeltinthecar.汽車內(nèi)每個(gè)人都應(yīng)系安全帶。

表示“一般認(rèn)為"Ihaven5tseenitmyself,butitissupposedtobe

areallygoodfilm.我自己并未看過這部片子，但普遍認(rèn)為這是一部好片

子。此處的besupposedto和beexpectedto同義，譯為"應(yīng)該"，例如：

YouaresupposedtofinishyourworkbyFriday.你應(yīng)該在星期

五之前把工作完成。

3.Theyalwaysthreatenedthattheywouldsendmebacktomy

country."

動(dòng)詞threaten可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

threatensbwithsth以。??威脅某人

threatenthat威脅說…

threatentodosth威脅說要做某事

第5段：

1.ThenthereisthecaseofKumarifromSriLanka.

2.Themainbreadwinnerinherfamily,sheusedtoworkforavery

lowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka.

比較usedto和beusedto:

1)usedto意思是"過去、過去常常"；used是動(dòng)詞，且只有過去時(shí)態(tài)；

t。是不定式符號(hào)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形。

2)beusedto表示,習(xí)慣于"；be是連系動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)態(tài)變化；used是形

容詞；to是介詞，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

3.Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,she

acceptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon.

it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是tofeedherfourchildren;形容詞

difficult是賓語補(bǔ)足語。

4.ShesaysshefeltlikeaprisonerattheLondonhousewhereshe

worked:

該句中feellike意思是"感覺象";feellike也可表示"想"，例如：

Ifeellikeaswim/goingswimming.我想去游泳。

第6段：

1."Nodaysoff—ever,nobreaksatall,noproperfood.

Nodaysoff意思是"不放假",此處off表示"休假、休息、不上班”，

例如：

IthinkI'lltaketheafternoonoff.我想我下午要休假半天。

Themanagergavethestaffadayoff.經(jīng)理放全體職員一天假。

Youmustn'ttaketimeoffjustbecauseyouwanttoseeafootball

match.你不可以只是為了看一場足球賽而休假。

2.1didn'thavemyownroom;Isleptonashelfwithaspaceofonly

threefeetaboveme.

該句第二分句中，withaspaceofonlythreefeetaboveme是含

有介詞with的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，充當(dāng)shelf的定語成分；該結(jié)構(gòu)是：

doing

done

with+n.+adj.

adv.

prep。

例如：

Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,withsome由必欣follawmghim

Thewomanteacher'sbocfywasdiscoveredbyahiker,withhandsandfeetbamd

Helikessleepingwiiithewindowsopeneveninwinter.

Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,withabookinMsfm曲

3.Iwasn'tallowedtotalktoanybody.

totalktoanybody是不定式短語，充當(dāng)主語補(bǔ)足語。

4.Iwasn'tevenallowedtoopenthewindow.

該句結(jié)構(gòu)同上。

5.MyemployersalwaysthreatenedtoreportmetotheHome

Officeorthepolice."

動(dòng)詞threaten可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

threatensbwithsth以。??威脅某人

threatenthat威脅說…

threatentodosth威脅說要做某事

本句出現(xiàn)了上面的第三種結(jié)構(gòu)。

第7段：

1.Attheendof1994theBritishGovernmentintroducednew

measurestohelpprotectdomesticworkersfromabusebytheir

employers.

attheendof意思是"在…底、在…末、在…的最后introduce

measures相當(dāng)于takemeasures,意思是"采取措施"；help+(to)do

意為"幫助做某事"；protect-from…是一固定搭配，表示‘保護(hù)…免遭

(…的痛苦或虐待)"that"引導(dǎo)protests的同位語從句,表示抗議的

內(nèi)容。

2.Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,

gettingemployeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,

gettingemployerstoagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceand

conditions,andtoputinwritingthemaintermsandconditionsof

thejob(ofwhichtheemployeesshouldseeacopy).措施包括把雇

工的最小年齡提高到18歲，使受雇者能閱讀并理解通告單，使雇主同意

提供適當(dāng)?shù)纳钯M(fèi)用和條件，并寫出工作條件和主要的工作條款(受雇者

應(yīng)有此種副本)。

該句謂語動(dòng)詞是included,include后要接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。其賓語是

三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語：increasing…，gettingemployeesto…和

gettingemployersto…，表示新措施包括的三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。getsb.todosth.

意為"讓某人做某事"，其中todosth.是賓語補(bǔ)足語；toagreeto

provide…和toputinwritingthemain…是并列關(guān)系，同時(shí)作賓語

補(bǔ)足語；put…inwriting意思是,1把…形諸文字"，inwriting,因?yàn)樽?/p>

賓補(bǔ)的介詞短語較短，而賓語較長，故把賓補(bǔ)提前。此處put的賓語是the

maintermsandconditionsofthejob;ofwhich弓|導(dǎo)的是非限制性

定語從句，修飾writing。

第8段：

1.However,manypeopledoubtwhetherthiswillsuccessfully

reducetheincidenceofabuse.

doubt可以是動(dòng)詞，也可是名詞，一般情況下，在否定句中，doubt

后總是跟著that從句，在肯定句中，doubt后接if(whether)或that從

句。但一般以為肯定句接if(whether)較為規(guī)范。

Idon'tdoubtthatheJstellingthetruth.

Idoubtwhether/ifhe'stellingthetruth.

2.Forthemainproblemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswho

trytocomplainaboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthat

theydonothaveindependentimmigrantstatusandsocannot

changeemployer.因?yàn)槟切┢髨D抗議惡劣生活和工作條件的外籍女傭

和家仆所面臨的主要問題是他們沒有獨(dú)立的移民身份，因此不能更換雇

主。

該句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)為"For???problem???isthat…該句是主系表結(jié)

構(gòu)，主語是themainproblem,系動(dòng)詞是is,表語是that引導(dǎo)的從句;

主語后面有現(xiàn)在分詞短語facingoverseasmaidsanddomestics…作

定語，而overseasmaidsanddomestics后面又有who引導(dǎo)的定語從

句；complainabout亦作complainof,意思是"抱怨"。

3.(TheyareallowedintheUnitedKingdomunderaspecial

concessionintheimmigrationruleswhichallowsforeignersto

bringdomesticstaffwiththem.)

該句有一定語從句，由which引導(dǎo)，該從句修飾前面的aspecial

concession,故which為單數(shù)，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞是allows。

4.Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.

do是助動(dòng)詞，用以加強(qiáng)語氣，risk后面只可接動(dòng)名詞，而不可接不

定式，因是被動(dòng)意義，故出現(xiàn)riskbeingdeported;這類動(dòng)詞有：finish,

mind,suggest,enjoy,giveup,can'thelp,avoid,escape,consider,

delay,putoff,postpone,admit,deny,practise,excuse,fancy,

imagine,keep,miss,risk,appreciate

P.86

第三部分Para.9

1.Allowingdomesticworkersthefreedomtoseekthesametypeof

workbutwithadifferentemployer,iftheysochoose,iswhat

groupslikeAnti-SlaveryInternationalarecampaigningthe

Governmentfor.

Allowingdomesticworkersthefreedom???butwitha

differentemployer是動(dòng)名詞短語，作句子主語，is是連系動(dòng)詞，后面有

what引導(dǎo)的表語從句；iftheysochoose條件狀語從句意思是"如果他們

這樣選擇的話"，相當(dāng)于iftheychoosetoseekthesametypeofwork

butwithadifferentemployer;campaignsbforsth意思是"為了?一

對(duì)某人進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)、促使某人去做某事"，而campaignsbagainststh與

它意思相反，意思是"為了反對(duì)…對(duì)某人進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)、促使某人不要去做某事

2.Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhich

distinguishesemploymentfromslavery.他們說，正是有權(quán)改變雇主

的這一做法區(qū)分了雇傭制和奴隸制

該句theysay是插入語；distinguish???from…意思是"把…和…區(qū)別開來”;

Itistheright???whichdistinguishes…意思是"正是改換雇主的權(quán)利劃清

了雇傭和奴役的界限”，該句是一很不規(guī)范的英語句子，規(guī)范的說法應(yīng)該是：Itis

theright???thatdistinguishes…，這是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。todistinguish???from

把…區(qū)分開Unit4重點(diǎn)句1.Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000

overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain(theexactfigureisnot

knownbecausetheHomeOffice,theGovernmentdepartmentthat

dealswiththis,doesnotkeepstatistics).Therebe表"存在"的句型。2.Of

these20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedandabusedbytheir

employers,accordingtoaLondon-basedcampaigninggroupwhich

helpsoverseasservantsworkinginBritain.

3.Andtheycanhavetheirpassportsremoved,makingleavingor

"escaping"virtuallyimpossible.

4.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundtheworld

receivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighly

publicisedcases.

5.Inoneofthem,aFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeing

convictedofmurder,despiteprotestsfromvariousquartersthather

guilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.

Guiltn.有罪反義詞:innocence

Guiltyadj.有罪的反義詞innocente

6.ThenthereisthecaseofKumarifromSriLanka.Themain

breadwinnerinherfamily,sheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatatea

factoryinSriLanka.

7.Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,getting

employeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,gettingemployers

toagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceandconditions,andtoputin

writingthemaintermsandconditionsofthejob(ofwhichthe

employeesshouldseeacopy).注意三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語。8.Forthemain

problemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswhotrytocomplain

aboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthattheydonothave

independentimmigrantstatusandsocannotchangeemployer.

9.Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhichdistinguishes

employmentfromslavery.只有更換雇主的權(quán)利才能把雇傭同奴役區(qū)別開。

IV.練習(xí)1.單詞英譯漢domestic,statistic,diplomat,exploit,campaign,

execute,convict,despite,deserving,shelf,minimum,status,deport,

Wordstudy

1.exploit:vt.開采，開發(fā)；利用；剝削

ThestudentexploitseverypossibilitytolearnEnglish.

這個(gè)學(xué)生利用一切可能性學(xué)英語。

2.campaign

n.1.戰(zhàn)役；2.運(yùn)動(dòng)，參與運(yùn)動(dòng)

Ourcountryislaunchingacampaignagainstwaste.

我們國家正在開展反浪費(fèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Ourcountryislaunchingacampaignenvironmentprotection.

我們國家正在開展環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Vt.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)，參加競選活動(dòng)

Theywerecampaigntokeepthelocalschoolopen.

他們?yōu)槭巩?dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校不致關(guān)閉而奔走活動(dòng)。

3.Execute

Vt.實(shí)行，執(zhí)行，完成，貫徹；將……處死

Thepianistexecutedthepieceofmusicperfectly.

這位鋼琴家把這首曲子演奏得完美極了-

Thecriminalwasexecutedafterthetrial.

審判后罪犯即被處死。

課后漢譯英：

1.開發(fā)資源要適度

Resourcesshouldbeproperlyexploited(用被動(dòng)).

2.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目值得進(jìn)一步調(diào)查

Theprojectdeserves/isdeservingoffurtherinvestigation

3.無論她如何說，我也不相信這個(gè)消息

Despitewhatshesaid,Ididn'tbelievethisnews.

B課文重點(diǎn)詞匯

eyewitness:n.目擊者；見證人

degrade:vt.降級(jí)，貶低；墮落；退化

liberty：n.自由，自由權(quán)；冒昧，失禮；(pl.)特許權(quán)，特權(quán)

2.句子英譯漢(1)Thereareestimatedtobemorethan20,000

overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain.

(2)Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedand

abusedbytheiremployers.

(3)Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundthe

worldreceivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighly

publicizedcases.

(4)AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvicted

ofmurder,despiteprotestsformvariousquartersthatherguilthadnot

beenadequatelyestablished.

(5)SheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka.

(6)Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,she

acceptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon.

(7)Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.

(8)Thisincludedincreasingtheminimumageofemployeesto18,

gettingemployeestoreadandunderstandanadviceleaflet,getting

employerstoagreetoprovideadequatemaintenanceandconditions,

andtoputinwritingthemaintermsandconditionsofthejob(ofwhich

theemployeesshouldseeacopy).

(9)Forthemainproblemfacingoverseasmaidsanddomesticswho

trytocomplainaboutcruellivingandworkingconditionsisthattheydo

nothaveindependentimmigrantstatusandsocannotchangeemployer.

(10)Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhich

distinguishesemploymentfromslavery.

3.句子漢譯英(1)處理有關(guān)事務(wù)的政府部門沒有做統(tǒng)計(jì)。Thegovernment

departmentthatdealswithrelevantaffairsdoesnotkeepstatistics.

(2)正因?yàn)樗裏o法養(yǎng)家才同意做家仆。Itwasbecauseshefoundit

difficulttofeedherfamilythatsheacceptedajobworkingasadomestic.

(3)她是一名沙特外交官直接從菲律賓雇到倫敦來工作的。Shewashired

byaSaudidiplomatdirectlyfromthePhilippinestoworkinLondon.

(4)家仆的工作狀況得到了新聞媒介的關(guān)注。Theconditionsofworking

asdomesticshavereceivedmediaattention.

(5)雇主們總是威脅要把我們遣送回國。Theemployersalways

threatenedtosendusbacktoourcountries.

Translation

1.許多家庭傭人受到雇主的剝削和虐待。

答：Manydomesticservantsareexploitedandabusedbytheir

employers.

2.自去年以來，女傭們的悲慘境況已受到媒體密切關(guān)注。

答：Thebadconditionofthewomanservantshasreceivedmuch

mediaattentionsincelastyear.

3.他經(jīng)常威脅我，說要將我遣送回國。

答：Healwaysthreatenedthathewouldsendmebacktomy

country.

4.她曾在一家茶葉廠工作，工資很低。

答：Sheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactory.

5.據(jù)估計(jì)有兩萬多名外國家傭在英國工作。

答：Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan20,000overseas

domesticservantsworkinginBritain.

4.歷年考題(1)Whentheygetoutofprison,they(increase)the

leveloftheircriminalbehavior.

答案：willincrease.

考點(diǎn)：時(shí)間狀語從句中主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。從句謂

語動(dòng)詞是get一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以從句用willincrease.(主將從現(xiàn))

(2)Attheendof1994theBritishGovernmentintroducednew

measurestohelpdomesticworkersfromabusebytheir

employers.

A.protect

B.suspect

C.expect

D.inspect

答案是：A.

考點(diǎn)是：protect???from保護(hù)…免受…

(3)theirdifferences,theyfellpassionatelyinlovewitheach

other.

A.Asfor

B.Owingto

C.Despite

D.Through

答案：C.

考點(diǎn)：despite表示讓步的關(guān)系。本句的意思是：盡管他們之間有分歧，但

他們彼此深愛對(duì)方。

ExerCvBifi)rtheTexl

1.Readingrom(yehrrt*i<jn.

l.b2.d3.c4.b5.b

[1FindsynonjTnsforthefolliwjiigwnrdi?orexpressMXIA.

1.tlipkimai2abuse3.remove4,quarter

5.guilt6-hare7,bnradwinnwS.intnxhioe

9.TnairitHntmc^10,iimugrant

[H.Choosewordsfromdirfollowingtwoct4uambtokumpai巧(rfantonyms.

l.itiUvery/fwedom2.cpmig，complain

3.bbt*€/atafT4.cthrealerv7mcowa^c

5?jvancLtf/Hable6gmentally/physically

7,hdofuhsdc/abirxid8finrwcmt

9.amijiinmim/'mfiiinium10.dsupport/P?KE

IV、Owe,

dbout.SOfJ,yowig,IMTT,much.iemagcr,were

V.Trunblafe(liejaligingsentencesintoEnglish.

1.仇GMtmmenCDepartmentthaf(Wswrthndoleddoesnotkeepstatis-

tics.

2.ItwaKbrt^auMe?hrmikin'im4)f>inher￡unilythntsheacvepted&jobwrki現(xiàn)

豌atti￡jd.

3She-hiredbyaSaudidipkv3drectlyfexnthePMippigtow?<iinLon-

dun.

4TheworkingcondhiDiiEofdomrsticrecehedirturhgdiaattettioh.

STheonphveraalwaysthrralencdti皿theywouldsenduabecktoouioxirtne*.

1exploitvt.開拓，開發(fā),開采，剝削，用以自肥v.使用

exploitableadj.可開發(fā)的，可利用的,可剝削的

exploitabilityn.可開發(fā)性，可利用性，可剝削性

exploitationn.開發(fā),開采，剝削，自私的利用，宣傳，廣告

exploitativeadj.開發(fā)資源的，剝削的

2executevt.執(zhí)行，實(shí)行，完成，處死，制成，[律]經(jīng)簽名蓋章等手續(xù)使(證書)生

效

accomplishcarryoutcompletedokillperformputtodeath

executiveadj.實(shí)行的，執(zhí)行的，行