糖尿病并發(fā)癥英文

匯報(bào)人：xxx20xx-03-21糖尿病并發(fā)癥英文目錄IntroductiontoDiabetesComplicationsCardiovascularComplicationsNephropathyandRenalFailureRetinopathyandVisionLossNeuropathyandFootUlcersManagementStrategiesforPreventingComplications01IntroductiontoDiabetesComplicationsDefinitionandTypesofDiabetesDiabetesMellitusAchronicconditioncharacterizedbyhighbloodsugarlevelsduetoinsulindeficiencyorresistanceType1DiabetesAnautoimmunediseaseresultintheconstructionofinsulinproducingbetacellsinthepancreasType2DiabetesDevelopwhenthebodybenefitsexisttoinsulinorwhenthepancreasareunabletoproduceenoughinsulinGestationalDiabetesIncidentsduringpredictionandmonlyresolvedafterdeliveryAffectsmallbloodvesselsandcanleadtoretinopathy,neuropathy,andneuropathyMicrovascularComplicationsInvolvelargebloodvesselsandcanresultincardiovasculardisease,stroke,andperipheralartdiseaseMacrovascularComplicationsNervedamagethatcancausepain,numbness,orweaknessintheextremesNeuropathyDiabetesaremorepronetoeffectsduetopaidimmunefunctionandpoorcirculationEffectsPrevalenceandImpactofComplicationsManagingdiamondsanditsapplicationscanhelppreventtheirprogressionandreducetheriskofmultipleoutesPreventingprogressionManagingapplicationscanimproveaperson'squalityoflifebyreducingpain,disfort,anddisabilityImprovingQualityofLifePreventingandmanagingapplicationscanhelpreducetheoverallcostofdiabetescarebyavoidingexpensetreatmentsandhospitalizationsReducingHealthcareCostsManagingdiamondsanditsapplicationscanimproveoverallhealthandreducetheriskofdevelopingotherchronicdiseasesEnhancingOverallHealthImportanceofManagingComplications02CardiovascularComplicationsAtherosclerosis01Aconditioninwhichplateaubuildsupinsidethearts,narrowingthemandreducingbloodflowThiscanleadtoheartattacksandstrokesCoronaryHeartDisease02AtypeofheartdiseasecausedbyreducedbloodflowtotheheartmuscleduetocaughtorblockedCoronaryartsThiscanresultinchestpay(angina)andheartattacksRiskFactors03Diabetesincreasestheriskofatherosclerosisandcoronaryheartdiseasebycontributingtohighbloodpressure,elevatedcholesterollevels,andobjectivityAtherosclerosisandCoronaryHeartDiseaseStrokeAhiddeninterruptionofbloodflowtothebrain,causingbraincellstodieStrokescanbecausedbyblockagesinarts(Islamicstrokes)orbyblendinginthebrain(hemographicstrokes)CerebrovascularDiseaseAgeneraltermforconditionsthataffectthebloodvesselsinthebrain,includingstrokesandtransientischemicattacks(TIAsor"ministrokes")DiabetesandStrokeRiskPeoplewithdiabetesareatincreasedriskforstrokeduetofactorssuchashighbloodpressure,elevatedbloodsugarlevels,anddamagetobloodvesselscausedbydiabetesStrokeandCerebrovascularDiseasePeripheralArtDisease(PAD)Aconditioninwhichtheartsareoutsidetheheartbenefitbroughtdownorblocked,reducingbloodflowtothelimbsThiscancausepain,numbness,andweaknessinthelegsandfeetSymptomsofPADCommonsymptomsincludecrammingorpaintinginthelegsorhipswhenwalking(clarification),numbnessorweaknessinthelegsorfeet,andslowgrowingtoailsorleghairPeripheralArtDiseaseDiabetesandPADPeoplewithdiabetesareatincreasedriskforPADduetofactorssuchashighbloodsugarlevels,whichcandamagethearts,andobjectivity,whichcancontributetoplacebuildintheartsAdditionally,diamondscancausenervedamagethatmaymaskthesymptomsofPAD,makingitmoredifficulttodiagnosePeripheralArtDisease03NephropathyandRenalFailureMicroalbuminuriaAnearlysignofdiabetickidneydisease,indicatingcolddamagetotheglobePresenceofexcessproteinsintheurine,indicatingprogressivekidneydamageDecreasedkidneyfunctionleadingtoabuildupofwasteproductsinthebloodCompleteormostpletefailureofthechildren,requiringdiagnosisortransmissionProteinRenalinsufficiencyEndstagerenaldisease(ESRD)DiabeticNephropathy01Suddenlossofkidneyfunction,oftencausedbyamultipledropinbloodpressureordehydrationindiabetesAcutekidneyinjury(AKI)02Graduallossofkidneyfunctionovertime,oftenasaresultoflongtermdiabetesandassociatedhypertensionChronicrenalfailure(CRF)03Mayincludefatigue,fatigue,invoicing,lossofappearance,swingingoftheextremes,anddiversitybreakingSymptomsofkidneyfailure04IncludediagnosistoremovewasteproductsfromthebloodandtransportationtoreplacethefailedchildrenTreatmentoptionsExecuteKidneyInjuryandChronicRenalFailureTightglyiccontrolMaintainingbloodsugarlevelsasclosetonormalaspossibletoreducetheriskofkidneydamageLipidmanagementControllingcholesterolandtriglyceridelevelstoreducetheriskofcardiovasculardisease,whichcanfurtherdamagethekidneysLifestylemodificationsSmokingprocess,regularexercise,andahealthydietlowinsaltandfatcanhelpprotectthekidneysBloodpressurecontrolAggressivetreatmentofhypertensiontoreducethestrainonthekidneysManagementStrategiesforRenalProtection04RetinopathyandVisionLossMicroaneurysms,excludes,andintraretinaldiseasesmayappearEarlyStageAstheconditionprogresses,venousbeading,internalmicrovascularabnormalities(IRMA),andnewvesselsonthediscorelsewheremaydevelopIntermediateStageFibrouspromotionandtransactionalretaildetachmentcanleadtomultiplevisionlossesAdvancedStageDiabeticRetinopathyStagesandProgressionIncrementedLensOpacityHighbloodsugarlevelscancausechangesinthelens,leadingtocatalystformationAcceleratedCataractProgressionDiabeticpatientsmayexperiencefasterprogressofcatalystsparedtonondiamondsSurgicalConsiderationsCataractsurgeryindiabeticpatientsmayrequirespecialconsiderationsduetoincreasedriskofplicationsCataractFormationinDiabetesElevatedIntraocularPressure(IOP)DiabetescanleadtoelevatedIOP,amajorriskfactorforglauaVascularChangesDiabeticretinopathycancauseVascularchangesintheeye,whichmaycontributetothedevelopmentofglauaTreatmentChallengesManagingglauaindiabeticpatientscanbechallengingduetothepresenceofotherorganicpositesGlaucomaRiskinDiabetesNoteIt'simportanttoemphasizethatdiamondscanaffectvisioninvariousways,andregulareyeexamsarecriticalforearlydetectionandmanagementoftheseapplicationsAdditionally,controllingbloodsugarlevelscanhelpreducetheriskofdevelopingdiabeticeyediseasesGlaucomaRiskinDiabetes05NeuropathyandFootUlcersSymptomsNumbness,tingling,orpaintinthefeed,legs,orhands;Weaknessormusclewasting;IncreasedsensitivitytotouchortemperaturechangesDiagnosisPhysicalexamination,neurologicaltests,bloodteststoruleoutothercauses,andsomenegativeconductstudiesorelectrography(EMG)PeripheralNeuropathySymptomsandDiagnosisCardiovascularSystemCancausechangesinheartrateandbloodpressure,leadingtoorthostaticpotential(dizzinessorfallingwhenstandingup)DigestiveSystemMayleadtonasea,invoicing,diarra,constriction,orothergastrointestinalproblemsUrinarySystemCancauseincontinenceorretentionofurineSexualFunctionMaycontributiontocorrectdysfunctionorvaginaldrynessAutonomousNeuropathyEffectsMultipleSystems010203FootUlcersOpensoresorwononthefeedthatcanbeeaffectedandleadtoseriespilationsEffectsPain,diversewalking,increasedriskofinfection,andpossiblehostingAmplificationsInmultiplecases,footulcerscanleadtoamplificationoftheaffectedlimb,specificallyiftheulcershavebeeaffectedordonotrespondtotreatmentFootUlcers,Effects,andAmplifications06ManagementStrategiesforPreventingComplicationsGlycemicControlThroughDiet,Exercise,MedicineTakingsubscribeddiabetesmediaasdirectedbyahealthcareprovidertomaintainoptimalbloodglucoselevelsMedicationAdhesionImplementingabalanceddieplanwithcontrolledcarbohydrateintake,increasedfiber,andreducedsugarandsaturatedfatDietaryModificationsEngaginginmodalintensityphysicalactivityforatleast150minutesperweek,orvigorousintensityactivityfor75minutesperweekRegularExerciseLifestyleChan