大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷56（共220題）

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷56（共9套）（共220題）大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯理解(本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。)MillionsofAmericansareenteringtheir60sandaremoreconcernedthaneveraboutretirement.Theyknowtheyneedtosave,buthowmuch?Andwhatexactlyaretheysavingfor—tospendmoretime【C1】______thegrandkids,gotravelling,orstartanothercareer?Itturnsoutthathusbandsandwivesmayhave【C2】______differentideasaboutthesubject.Thedeepestdivideisinthewayspousesenvisagetheirlifestyleintheirlateryears.FidelityInvestmentsInc.found41percentofthe500couplesitsurveyed【C3】______onwhetherbothoratleastonespousewillworkinretirement.Wivesaregenerallyrightregardingtheirhusbands'retirementage,butmen【C4】______theagetheirwiveswillbewhentheystopworking.Andhusbandsareslightlymore【C5】______abouttheirstandardoflivingthanwivesare.Busyjuggling(窮于應(yīng)付)careersandfamilies,mostcouplesdon'ttakethetimetositdown,【C6】______ortogether,andthinkaboutwhattheywouldliketodo5,10,or20yearsfromnow.They【C7】______theyareonthesamepage,butthe【C8】______istheyhaveavoidedeventalkingaboutit.Ifyouareself-employedorinajobthatdoesn'thaveastandardretirementage,youmaybemoreapttodelaythinkingabouttheseissues.Itisoftena【C9】______retirementdatethatprovidesthecatalyst(催化劑)tostartplanning.Gettinglaidofforacceptinganearly-retirement【C10】______canforceyourhand.Butdon'twaituntilyougetaseverance(遣散費(fèi))checktobeginplanning.A)assumeB)confidentialC)disagreeD)formulaE)forthcomingF)illustratingG)mysteriouslyH)observeI)optimisticJ)packageK)radicallyL)realityM)separatelyN)spoilingO)underestimate1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空為“spendtimedoing”的結(jié)構(gòu)．所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞ing形式。再根據(jù)后面緊接賓語grandkids可知，應(yīng)選spoiling(寵愛)，意為“花更多時(shí)間去寵孫子”。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空后接形容詞different，可知需填副詞。選項(xiàng)中mysteriously(神秘地)、radically(根本地)、separately(分開地)，能與differentideas構(gòu)成搭配，符合句意的是radically表示夫妻在此問題上有著根本不同的觀點(diǎn)。因此，正確答案是K。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，且要與on構(gòu)成搭配，可知為不及物動(dòng)詞。disagreeon(執(zhí)不同意見)，符合原文“夫妻對(duì)于退休時(shí)是否繼續(xù)工作存在異議”之意。因此，正確答案是C。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空為謂語動(dòng)詞，且but為并列連詞，前半句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此空也應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。把握此句大意的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)在于but，前半句表達(dá)妻子一般能正確判斷丈夫的退休年齡，由此可推斷出丈夫不能準(zhǔn)確判斷。選項(xiàng)中underestimate(低估)符合此意。因此，正確答案是O。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空為表語，且前面有副詞slightly修飾，可知此空應(yīng)填形容詞。選項(xiàng)中confidential(機(jī)密的)、forthcoming(即將到來的)、optimistic(樂觀的)，和后面生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)構(gòu)成搭配的只有“樂觀的”符合。因此，正確答案是I。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空與副詞together構(gòu)成并列，因此，應(yīng)保持詞性一致。or連接相反的含義，separately與together恰互為相反狀態(tài)，因此，正確答案是M，separately(單獨(dú)地)。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空為該句謂語，所以需填動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)與并列的后半句保持一致，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。此句含義“他們以為他們意見一致”，可知assume(假設(shè))更符合此意。因此，正確答案是A。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：前一句表達(dá)他們以為意見一致，是自己認(rèn)為與想象的，but轉(zhuǎn)折語氣，可知事實(shí)上相反。此句意為“事實(shí)是他們甚至都沒有談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題”。因此，正確答案是L，teality(事實(shí))。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空后接名詞“退．休日期”，可知需填形容詞。此句意為“常常是馬上要來臨的退休日成為退休計(jì)劃的催化劑”．即人們?cè)诮咏诵輹r(shí)才會(huì)被迫開始做計(jì)劃。因此，正確答案是E，forthcoming(即將到來的)。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空前的冠詞an透露需要填寫可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，符合條件的有formula(公式)，package(包裹，一攬子計(jì)劃)，結(jié)合上下文可知early-retirementpackage意為“提前退休計(jì)劃”，因此，正確答案是J。Moneycanbuyhappiness,butonlyifyouspenditonsomeoneelse,researchersreported.Spendingaslittleas$5adayonsomeoneelsecouldsignificantly【C1】______happiness,theteamattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandHarvardBusinessSchoolfound.Theirexperimentsonmorethan630Americansshowedtheywere【C2】______happierwhentheyspentmoneyonothers—eveniftheythoughtspendingthemoneyonthemselveswouldmakethem【C3】______."Wewantedtotestourtheorythathowpeoplespendtheirmoneyisatleastasimportantashowmuchmoneythey【C4】______,"saidElizabethDunn,apsychologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Theyaskedtheir600volunteersfirstto【C5】______theirgeneralhappiness,reporttheirannualincomeanddetailtheirmonthlyspendingincludingbills,giftsforthemselves,giftsforothersanddonationstocharity."【C6】______ofhowmuchincomeeachpersonmade,thosewhospentmoneyonothersreportedgreaterhappiness,whilethosewhospentmoreonthemselvesdidnot,"Dunnsaidinastatement.Dunn'steamalsosurveyed16employeesatacompanyinBostonbeforeandaftertheyreceivedanannualprofit-sharing【C7】______ofbetween$3,000and$8,000."Employeeswho【C8】______moreoftheirbonustopro-socialspendingexperiencedgreaterhappinessafterreceivingthebonus,andthemannerinwhichtheyspentthatbonuswasamoreimportant【C9】______oftheirhappinessthanthesizeofthebonusitself,"theywroteintheirreport,publishedinthejournalScience.Theygavetheirvolunteers$5or$20andhalfgotclear【C10】______onhowtospendit.Thosewhospentthemoneyonsomeoneorsomethingelsereportedfeelinghappieraboutit.A)wealthierB)boostC)rateD)actuallyE)focusedF)earnG)devotedH)bonusI)regardlessJ)discussK)predictorL)instructionM)happierN)InspiteO)improve11、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could和副詞significantly，空后是名詞happiness，故此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，文章第一段提到把錢花在別人身上可以買到快樂，由此可推知．每天為別人花5美元可以增加快樂感。選項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)boost意為“增加，促進(jìn)”，O項(xiàng)improve意為“改善，提高”，improve和boost均可以用來修飾happiness，不過boost語氣更強(qiáng)烈，與文中空前副詞significantly相呼應(yīng)，更符合句意。因此選擇boost“增加，促進(jìn)”。12、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是be動(dòng)詞were，空后是形容詞比較級(jí)happier，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)副詞，聯(lián)系上下文，可推知此句意為“即使實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象認(rèn)為為自己花錢會(huì)更快樂，但實(shí)際結(jié)果顯示，他們?yōu)閯e人花錢時(shí)其實(shí)更加快樂”。D項(xiàng)actually意為“事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”。因此選擇actually“事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”。13、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或形容詞，該空所在句破折號(hào)前句意為“實(shí)際結(jié)果顯示，他們?yōu)閯e人花錢時(shí)其實(shí)更加快樂”，破折號(hào)后是由evenif引導(dǎo)的與前半句意思相反的句子，由此可推知，此空所在句意為“即使實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象認(rèn)為為自己花錢會(huì)更快樂”。M項(xiàng)happier意為“更快樂的”。因此選擇happier“更快樂的”。14、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是人稱代詞they，they前是名詞money，那么此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，和they結(jié)合構(gòu)成money的后置定語，此空所在句是由asimportantas將前后部分聯(lián)系起來，此空和spend對(duì)應(yīng)，花錢和賺錢對(duì)應(yīng)，則此處應(yīng)填earn。因此選擇earn“獲得，掙得”。15、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是asksb．to結(jié)構(gòu)，空后是名詞theirgeneralhappiness，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容“為別人花更多錢的人稱自己的快樂感增強(qiáng)，而為自己花較多錢的人則沒有這種感受”。這是作者對(duì)志愿者針對(duì)自己快樂感的評(píng)價(jià)的轉(zhuǎn)述，C項(xiàng)rate意為“評(píng)價(jià)”。因此選擇rate“評(píng)價(jià)”。16、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)此空所在句后半句內(nèi)容“為別人花更多錢的人稱自己的快樂感增強(qiáng)，而為自己花較多錢的人則沒有這種感受?！笨赏浦?，前半句應(yīng)是一個(gè)讓步狀語從句，I項(xiàng)regardless與空后of結(jié)合構(gòu)成短語regardlessof，意為“無論，不管”。因此選擇regardless“不管，不顧”。17、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是profit-sharing(分紅制)，空后是具體的金額范圍，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)與金錢有關(guān)的名詞，選項(xiàng)中H項(xiàng)bonus意為“獎(jiǎng)金”，加之下文中多次出現(xiàn)bonus，故bonus符合題意。因此選擇bonus“獎(jiǎng)金”。18、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是定語從句引導(dǎo)詞who，空后是名詞moreoftheirbonus，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，聯(lián)系上下文推知此句意為“這些員工領(lǐng)到獎(jiǎng)金后，將較多錢花在別人身上的人快樂感更強(qiáng)”，選項(xiàng)中G項(xiàng)devoted意為“奉獻(xiàn)”，與介詞to搭配，意為“將……奉獻(xiàn)給……”，符合題意。因此選擇devoted“奉獻(xiàn)”。19、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是形容詞important，空后是介詞of．則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，聯(lián)系上下文推知，此句意為“他們支配這筆錢的方式比獎(jiǎng)金本身的多少對(duì)快樂感的影響更大?！边x項(xiàng)中K項(xiàng)predictor意為“預(yù)測(cè)器”，即他們支配這筆錢的方式是更重要的快樂感的預(yù)測(cè)器，這是一種打比方的說法，符合原文意思。因此選擇predictor“預(yù)測(cè)器”。20、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是形容詞clear，空后是介詞on，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)此段已有內(nèi)容“研究人員向志愿者們分發(fā)了5美元至20美元金額不等的錢……結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，將錢用于別人或其他事情的人感到更快樂?！蓖浦?，研究人員告訴其中一組人花錢的方式，這樣才會(huì)使兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)人員形成對(duì)比。L項(xiàng)instruction意為“指示，指導(dǎo)”，符合文意。因此選擇instruction“指示，指導(dǎo)”。Athirdofofficeworkerswouldrathergrabafewminutes【C1】______sleepthanbreakfast,accordingtoasurveythatestimatedpooreatinghabitswerecostingcompaniesdearlyintermsoflost【C2】______.AsurveybyIpsosMorifound17percentofBritishofficeworkersneverhavebreakfastand17percenthaveitjustonetothreetimesaweek.Itfoundeightpercentof1,051officestaffquestionedalso【C3】______skiplunch,withthesepooreatinghabitsestimatedtobecostingcompanies17billionpounds($34billion)ayearor97millionlostworkingdays."Worryingly,ofthosewho【C4】______ornevereatlunch,27percentalsonevereatbreakfastduringtheworkingweek,"saidIpsosMoriresearchersinastatement.Thesurvey,commissionedbyfoodservicecompanyBaxterStorey,【C5】______skippingbreakfastcostcompanies8.1billionpoundsor46.5millionlostworkingdays,withmanystudiesfindingalinkbetweeneatingbreakfastandattention【C6】______,learningabilityandgeneralwell-being.Whenotherpooreatinghabitssuchashavingnobreakfastandlunchorhavingnobreakfastandsnacks,areincluded,lostproductivity【C7】______tonearly17billionpounds.Thesurveyfoundmostemployees—percent—havelunch,with68percentoptingforsandwiches,butmostpeopledon'tdrinkenoughduringtheday.Only11percenthadthe【C8】______eightormoredrinksduringtheworkingday."Peoplewhoeatbreakfasthavebetterconcentration,problemsolvingability,mentalperformance,memoryandmood.Peoplewhoeatbreakfastarealsomore【C9】______energeticandhavebettercoordination,"saidnutritionspecialistMattBarker."Researchtellsusthatscoresonmemorytestswereabout15percentlowerinpeoplewhoskippedbreakfast.Andthosewhoskipittendtoeatsugary,fattyfoodslaterintheday,【C10】______theirproductivity."A)physicallyB)rarelyC)estimatedD)targetE)mentallyF)recommendedG)reducingH)adequateI)regularlyJ)extraK)specifiedL)enhancingM)productivityN)spanO)rocketed21、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文主要講述了不良的飲食習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致工作效率下降的問題.由此可推知，此空所在句意為“三分之一的上班族早上寧愿多睡幾分鐘，也不愿起床吃早餐”。選項(xiàng)中，J項(xiàng)extra意為“額外的”，符合句意。因此選擇extra“額外的”。22、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前是形容詞lost(喪失的)，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意推知，員工不良的飲食習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致工作效率喪失，從而給公司造成了巨大損失。M項(xiàng)productivity意為“效率，生產(chǎn)力”，符合句意。因此選擇productivity“效率，生產(chǎn)力”。23、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前的中心詞是名詞officestaff，空后是動(dòng)詞skip，則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞skip，根據(jù)后半句中的withthesepooreatinghabits可推知，此處指的是不良的飲食習(xí)慣，那么應(yīng)該指經(jīng)常不吃午餐的員工。I項(xiàng)regularly意為“經(jīng)常地”，符合句意。因此選擇regularly“經(jīng)常地”。24、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空所填的詞與副詞never并列，故應(yīng)填一個(gè)具有否定意義的副詞，選項(xiàng)中，只有B項(xiàng)rarely(很少地)是具有否定意義的副詞，填進(jìn)去后句意為“令人擔(dān)憂的是，在那些很少或從來不吃午餐的人中，27％的人也從不吃早餐。符合原文意思，因此選擇rarely“很少地”，25、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前的中心詞是Thesurvey，空后是省略掉that的從句，故此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)前文類似句子“withthesepooreatinghabitsestimatedtobecostingcompanies17billionpounds($34billion)ayearor97millionlostworkingdays．結(jié)合備選動(dòng)詞中C項(xiàng)estimated“估計(jì)”，K項(xiàng)specified“明確”，O項(xiàng)rocketed“快速增加”可知，C項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞estimated符合題意。26、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此空所填詞和ability并列，故應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷，不吃早餐的人很難長(zhǎng)時(shí)間集中注意力，也就是“是否吃早餐與注意力集中時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度、學(xué)習(xí)能力及總體幸福感有關(guān)”。選項(xiàng)中N項(xiàng)span意為“跨度，范圍”，符合句意。因此選擇span“跨度，范圍”。27、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前句意為“如果將其他一些不良的飲食習(xí)慣也算上，如早餐和午餐都不吃或不吃早餐而吃零食，公司所遭受的損失……”，空后是具體數(shù)據(jù)：近170億英鎊，與上一段中提到的“81億英鎊”對(duì)比，突顯出損失額的增加幅度之大。選項(xiàng)中O項(xiàng)rocketed有“快速增加”之意，與介詞to搭配，意為“迅速增加到”，符合句意。因此選擇rocketed“快速增加”。28、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空后中心詞是drinks，故此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞，根據(jù)常識(shí)，科學(xué)的飲水習(xí)慣是每天喝八杯水左右，即每天喝八杯水左右是受人推薦的飲水習(xí)慣。選項(xiàng)中，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)recommended意為“被推薦的”，符合句意。因此選擇recommended“被推薦的”。29、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前中心詞是be動(dòng)詞are，空后是形容詞energetic，故此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)副詞．吃早餐的人更具活力，當(dāng)然指的是身體狀態(tài)，A項(xiàng)physically意為“身體上地”，符合句意。因此選擇physically“身體上地”。30、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空前句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空后是名詞theirproductivity．則此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表伴隨意義。根據(jù)此段內(nèi)容“研究人員稱，不吃早餐的人記憶力測(cè)試得分約低15％。而且早上不吃飯的人之后可能會(huì)吃甜食和高脂肪食品……”，可知，前后兩甸是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故此句應(yīng)為否定意義，即“降低他們的效率”，G項(xiàng)reducing意為“減少”，符合句意。因此選擇reducing“減少”。大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Commonindoorplantsmayprovetobeavaluableweaponinthefightagainstrisinglevelsofindoorairpollution.Thoseplantsinyourofficeorhomearenotonlydecorative,butNASAscientistsarefindingthemtobesurprisinglyusefulinabsorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesandcleaningtheairinsidemodernbuildings.NASAandtheAssociatedLandscapeContractorsofAmerica(ALCA)haveannouncedthefindingsofa2-yearstudythatsuggestthecommonindoorplantmayprovideanaturalwayofhelpingcombat"SickBuildingSyndrome."Researchintotheuseofbiologicalprocessesasameansofsolvingenvironmentalproblems,bothonEarthandinspacehabitats,hasbeencarriedoutformanyyearsbyDr.BillWolverton,formerlyaseniorresearchscientistatNASA'sJohnC.StennisSpaceCentre,BaySt.Louis,Miss.Basedonpreliminaryevaluationsoftheuseofcommonindoorplantsforindoorairpurificationandrevitalization,ALCAjoinedNASAtofundastudyusingaboutadozenpopularvarietiesofornamentalplantstodeterminetheireffectivenessinremovingseveralkeypollutantsassociatedwithindoorairpollution.NASAresearchonindoorplantshasfoundthatlivingplantsaresoefficientatabsorbingcontaminantsintheairthatsomewillbelaunchedintospaceaspartofthebiologicallifesupportsystemaboardfutureorbitingspacestations.Whilemoreresearchisneeded,Wolvertonsaysthestudyhasshownthatcommonindoorlandscapingplantscanremovecertainpollutantsfromtheindoorenvironment."Wefeelthatfutureresultswillprovideanevenstrongerargumentthatcommonindoorlandscapingplantscanbeaveryeffectivepartofasystemusedtoprovidepollutionfreehomesandworkplaces"heconcludes."Plantstakesubstancesoutoftheairthroughthetinyopeningsintheirleaves,"Wolvertonsaid."Butresearchinourlaboratorieshasdeterminedthatplantleaves,rootsandsoilbacteriaareallimportantinremovingtracelevelsoftoxicvapours.""Combiningnaturewithtechnologycanincreasetheeffectivenessofplantsinremovingairpollutants,"hesaid."Alivingaircleaneriscreatedbycombiningactivatedcarbonwithapottedplant.Therootsoftheplantgrowrightinthecarbonandslowlydegradethechemicalsabsorbedthere,"Wolvertonexplains.NASAresearchhasconsistentlyshownthatliving,greenandfloweringplantscanremoveseveraltoxicchemicalsfromtheairinbuildinginteriors.Youcanuseplantsinyourhomeorofficetoimprovethequalityoftheairtomakeitamorepleasantplacetoliveandwork—wherepeoplefeelbetter,performbetter,andenjoylifemore.1、Indoorplantscanbeusedinmanywaysexcept______.A、showingtheowner’stasteB、decoratingofficesandhomesC、absorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesD、cleaningtheairinsidebuildings標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段Thoseplantsinyourofficeorhomearenotonlydecorative，butNASAscientistsarefindingthemtobesurprisinglyusefulinabsorbingpotentiallyharmfulgasesandcleaningtheairinsidemodembuildings．“那些擺放在你辦公室或家中的植物不僅是裝飾品。而且美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們?cè)谖諠撛谟泻怏w和凈化現(xiàn)代建筑內(nèi)的空氣方面還能起到令人驚異的作用?！笨芍狟“裝飾辦公室或家”、C“吸收潛在有害氣體”、D“凈化建筑”均有涉及，只有A沒有提到，所以A選項(xiàng)是答案。2、ThestudyjointlyfundedbyALCAandNASAisbasedon______.A、previousresearchofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationB、laboratoryevidenceofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationC、assumptionsofcommonindoorplants’useinindoorairpurificationandrevitalizationD、tentativeevaluationsofcommonindoorplants’applicationinindoorairpurificationandrevitalization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容Basedonpreliminaryevaluationsoftheuseofcommonindoorplantsforindoorairpurificationandrevitalization，ALCAjoinedNASAtofundastudyusingaboutadozenpopularvarietiesofornamentalplantstodeterminetheireffectivenessinremovingseveralkeypollutantsassociatedwithindoorairpollution．“基于對(duì)使用普通室內(nèi)植物凈化室內(nèi)空氣和再生新鮮空氣的初步評(píng)估．美國(guó)園林產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)與美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局共同贊助了一項(xiàng)研究。該研究用約12種常見的觀賞植物，測(cè)定它們清除與室內(nèi)空氣污染相關(guān)的幾種主要污染物的效力”?？芍撗芯渴腔趯?duì)使用普通室內(nèi)植物凈化室內(nèi)空氣和再生新鮮空氣的初步評(píng)估，所以選D。3、AllthefoliowingsarevitaltotheremovaloftracelevelsoftoxicvapoursexceptA、plantleavesB、plantrootsC、plantstemD、soilbacteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段Butresearchinourlaboratorieshasdeterminedthatplantleaves，rootsandsoilbacteriaareallimportantinremovingtracelevelsoftoxicvapours．“但是，我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究已得出結(jié)論：植物葉片、根部以及土壤細(xì)菌在清除微量有害氣體方面都起著非常重要的作用?！笨芍狢(植物莖部)并沒有提及，所以選C。4、Theword"degrade"(Line4,Para.7)maybereplacedby______.A、reduceB、increaseC、neutralizeD、replace標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語義題。原文第七段大意為：“把自然和技術(shù)結(jié)合起來能夠增強(qiáng)植物清除空氣污染物的效力，”他說?！鞍鸦钚蕴亢团柙灾参锝Y(jié)合在一起，一個(gè)活的空氣清潔器就誕生了。植物的根就長(zhǎng)在活性炭中，在那兒慢慢地將吸收的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，”沃爾弗頓解釋說。聯(lián)系前一句內(nèi)容，推斷degrade應(yīng)和remove意思相同，為“降低，降解”．A選項(xiàng)reduce接近，因此選A。5、Peopleuseplantsinhomeorofficetomakethemfeel______.A、energeticandexaltedB、depressedandlowC、sadandgloomyD、pleasantandcomfortable標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段Youcanuseplantsinyourhomeorofficetoimprovethequalityoftheairtomakeitamorepleasantplacetoliveandwork--wherepeoplefeelbetter，performbetter，andenjoylifemore．“你可以在家中或辦公室里擺放植物，用它們來改善空氣質(zhì)量，使這些地方成為更舒適的生活與工作場(chǎng)所——人們?cè)谶@兒感覺更好，辦事效率更高，更多地享受生活?！闭f明室內(nèi)植物讓人們感覺愉快舒適。因此正確答案為D。Moderatedrinkingreducesstrokerisk,studyconfirms.Similartothewayadrinkortwoadayprotectsagainstheartattacks,moderatealcoholconsumptionswardsoffstrokes,anewstudyfound.Thestudyalsofoundthatthetypeofalcoholconsumes—beer,wineorliquor—wasunimportant.Anyofthem,oracombination,wasprotective,researchersreportedintoday'sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation."Nostudyhasshownbenefitinrecommendingalcoholconsumptiontothosewhodonotdrink",cautionedtheauthors,ledbyDr.RalphL.SaccoofColumbiaUniversityCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsinNewYork.ButthenewdatasupportstheguidelinesoftheNationalStrokeAssociation,whichsaymoderatedrinkers,mayprotectthemselvesfromstrokesbycontinuingtoconsumealcohol,theauthorssaid.Theprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattackiswellestablished,butthedatahasbeenconflictingwithalcoholandstrokes,theauthorsaid.ThenewstudyhelpssettlethequestionandisthefirsttofindblacksandHispanicbenefitaswellaswhites,accordingtotheauthors.Furtherresearchisneededamongothergroups,suchasAsian,whopaststudiessuggestmaygetnostrokeprotectionfromalcoholormayevenbeputatgreaterrisk.Amonggroupswheretheprotectiveeffectexists,itsmechanismappearstodifferfromtheprotectiveeffectagainstheartattacks,whichoccursthroughboostsinlevelofso-called"good"cholesterol,theauthorssaid.Theyspeculatedalcoholmayprotectagainststrokebyactingonsomeotherbloodtrait,suchasthetendencyofbloodplateletstoclump,whichiskeyinformingthebloodclotsthatcancausestrokes.Theresearchersstudied677NewYorkresidentswholiveinthenorthernpartofManhattanandhadstrokesbetweenJuly1,1993,andJune1997.Aftertakingintoaccountdifferencesinotherfactorsthatcouldaffectstrokerisk,suchashighbloodpressure,theresearchersestimatedthatsubjectswhoconsumeduptotwoalcoholicdrinksdailywereonlyhalfaslikelytohavesufferedclot-typestrokesasnon-drinkers.Clot-typestrokesaccountfor80percentofallstrokes,aleadingcauseofUSdeathsanddisability.Strokeriskincreasedwithheavierdrinking.Atsevendrinksperday,riskwasalmosttriplethatofmoderatedrinkers.6、Theprincipleofprotectingoneselffromstrokesbyconsumingalcoholreasonablycannotbeappliedto______.A、heavydrinkersB、lightdrinkersC、milddrinkersD、non-drinkers標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段引號(hào)“Nostudyhasshownbenefitinrecommendingalcoholconsumptiontothosewhodonotdrink”．“沒有研究顯示推薦那些不喝酒的人喝酒有益”可知，喝酒有節(jié)制是針對(duì)有飲酒習(xí)慣的人而言，沒有喝酒習(xí)慣的人并不推薦他們喝酒，所以D選項(xiàng)表達(dá)正確。7、Whydidresearchersfindabouttherelationshipbetweenstrokesandalcoholconsumptionbeforethenewstudy?A、Theyagreedthatalcoholconsumptioncouldcausestrikes.B、Theycouldnotfindanydatatosupporttherelationship.C、Whattheyfoundwastotallyoppositetothenewstudy.D、Theirfindingswerenotconsistentwithanotherone’s.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)beforethenewstudy定位到第三段內(nèi)容Theprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattackiswellestablished，butthedatahasbeenconflictingwithalcoholandstrokes．theauthorsaid．“有節(jié)制地飲酒保護(hù)人們不患心臟病這種說法廣為人們接受．但是有關(guān)飲酒和中風(fēng)的數(shù)據(jù)則互相矛盾”。說明之前的研究沒有確定飲酒和中風(fēng)兩者之間的關(guān)系。題干中的notconsistent和原句conflicting互為對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，所以選D。8、ThenewstudyconductedbyDr.Saccoandhiscolleaguesisuniqueinthat______.A、itrefutesearlystudiesontheprotectiveeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattacksB、itconfirmsearlystudiesofmoderatedrinkingagainstheartattacksC、itfindsthatmoderatedrinkingcanbenefitpeopleofdifferentracesequallywellD、ithelpstoresolvethedisputesovertheeffectofmoderatedrinkingagainststrokes標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段ThenewstudyhelpssettlethequestionandisthefirsttofindblacksandHispanicbenefitaswellaswhites．a(chǎn)ccordingtotheauthors．“新的研究確定了飲酒和中風(fēng)的關(guān)系，而且首次發(fā)現(xiàn)黑人和西班牙裔像白人也能同樣受益。”說明節(jié)制的飲酒有益于不同種族的人，所以選C。9、Howdoesmoderatealcoholconsumptionmostprobablyprotectusfromstrokes?A、Byenhancingthelevelofthegoodcholesterol.B、Byreducingthepossibilityofthebloodplateletstodeposit.C、Byreducingthenumberofbloodplateletsandbloodclots.D、Byenhancingthepossibilityofthebloodplateletstodeposit.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。根據(jù)第四段Theyspeculatedalcoholmayprotectagainststrokebyactingonsomeotherbloodtrait。suchasthetendencyofbloodplateletstoclump，whichiSkeyinformingthebloodclotsthatcancausestrokes．“他們推斷酒精通過對(duì)某些血液特征起作用防止中風(fēng)．比如血小板結(jié)塊的趨勢(shì)，血小板會(huì)堆積形成血塊，導(dǎo)致中風(fēng)”推斷要想防止中風(fēng)，就要防止血小板沉淀堆積，這和B選項(xiàng)表述一致，因此選B。10、Accordingtothelastparagraph,______aretheleastlikelytosufferclot-typestrokes.A、peoplewhohavetwoalcoholicdrinksdailyB、peoplewhodon’thaveanyalcoholicdrinksC、peoplewhohavemorethantwoalcoholicdrinksdailyD、peoplewhohavelessthansevenalcoholicdrinksdaily標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段…theresearchersestimatedthatsubjectswhoconsumeduptotwoalcoholicdrinksdailywereonlyhalfaslikelytohavesufferedclot-typestrokesasnon-drinkers．“研究估計(jì)每天喝兩杯的人得血塊凝結(jié)中風(fēng)的幾率只有不飲酒的人的一半”可知正確答案為A。Theproblemofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportioned,sothattheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway,isnotanewone.Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity'stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere"limitstogrowth".Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-1945WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the"invisiblehand"ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.Inthesameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy.11、Whichofthefollowingsisnotanissueforeveryhealthsystemtotackle?A、Whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care.B、Whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority.C、Whichkindsofprofessionsaretobegivenspecialconsideration.D、Whichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段可知A選項(xiàng)“在衛(wèi)生保健方面投入的資源應(yīng)占社會(huì)全部資源的多大比例”，B“什么樣的疾病和殘疾以及什么形式的治療應(yīng)該享有優(yōu)先權(quán)”，D“什么形式的治療是最節(jié)省成本的”都有提及，只有C“哪種職業(yè)需要特殊關(guān)照”并沒有提及，屬于每一個(gè)衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)需要做出的決定，所以C選項(xiàng)為答案。12、Whatisnewabouthealth-careresourcesfrom1950sonwards?A、Health-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportionedefficiently.B、Health-careresourceswerelimitedandfinite.C、Health-careresourceswereinfiniteandinexhaustible.D、Health-careresourcesshouldbegivenprioritybythegovernments.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)1950s定位到第二段內(nèi)容Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious．“衛(wèi)生保健資源同樣也會(huì)有一些限制的新觀念就是這個(gè)顯而易見的事實(shí)的一部分?！闭f明20世紀(jì)50年代以來人們認(rèn)識(shí)到衛(wèi)生健康資源是有限的。所以選B。13、Withhindsight,whatisinconceivableaboutnationalhealthsystemsintheyearsaftertheendofWWII?A、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemscateredtoallofpeople’sbasichealthneeds.B、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswereperfectlyestablished.C、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswerejustandfair.D、Itwastakenforgrantedthatsuchsystemswereup-to-date.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)WWII定位到第二段Lookingback，itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939—1945WorldWar，itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied，atleastinprinciple；the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide．“回溯起來．有一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在看來不可思議：在1939年到1945年的世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的幾年內(nèi)，很多國(guó)家建立了國(guó)民衛(wèi)生體系，人們認(rèn)為這樣的國(guó)民衛(wèi)生體系至少在理論上能夠滿足任何人群的所有基礎(chǔ)衛(wèi)生需求，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)中‘看不見的手’將提供一切所需?！鳖}干中的Withhindsight和原文的Lookingback．inconceivable和incredible，cateredto和satisfied互為對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，所以選A。14、Whendidhealth-carecometobeseenasaright?A、BeforeWWII.B、Before1950s.C、Ataboutthetimethatthelimitsofhealth-careresourcesbecameevident.D、Ataboutthetimewhenthebeliefthateconomicprogresswouldproduceallthehealth-careresourcesprevailed.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段However．a(chǎn)texactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth．careresourceswassinkingin，anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties：thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth—careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife．“然而，就在這種認(rèn)為衛(wèi)生資源是有限的新思想銷聲匿跡的同時(shí)，一種相反的思想在西方社會(huì)發(fā)展起來了。這種思想認(rèn)為享受衛(wèi)生保健是人們的一項(xiàng)基本權(quán)利，而這種權(quán)力是人們正常生活的必要條件?！笨芍狢選項(xiàng)的表述“幾乎在人們認(rèn)識(shí)到醫(yī)療資源是有限的同時(shí)，醫(yī)療保健開始被看做是人們的一項(xiàng)權(quán)利”是正確的．因此選C。15、Apersonisconsideredasautonomousandindependentwhenhe/sheis______.A、poverty-strickenB、deprivedofbasiceducationC、notlivingwithinacontextoflawandorderD、entitledtotherightsofhealth-careresources標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty—stricken，ordeprivedofbasiceducation，ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder．Inthesameway．basichealth—careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy．“如果為貧窮而苦惱，或者被剝奪了基礎(chǔ)教育，或者沒有生活在法律法規(guī)的框架下，那么人們就不能擁有個(gè)人自由，自主行事。同樣，基礎(chǔ)衛(wèi)生保健也是人實(shí)現(xiàn)自由的一個(gè)條件?！笨赏茢嘁粋€(gè)自由獨(dú)立的人需要衛(wèi)生保健的權(quán)利。所以正確答案為D。AustraliahasbeenunusualintheWesternworldinhavingaveryconservativeattitudetonaturaloralternativetherapies,accordingtoDrPaulLaver,alecturerinPublicHealthattheUniversityofSydney."We'vehadatraditionofdoctorsbeingfairlypowerfulandIguesstheyareprettyloathtoallowpretenderstothe