大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷59（共215題）

大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷59（共9套）（共215題）大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Lackofsleepmakesyougainweightandraisesyourriskforheartdiseaseanddiabetes,apartfromresultingin【C1】______visionandquestionabledecision.Researchershaveknownforawhilethatsleep【C2】______tendstoleadtoovereating.Andseveralstudieshavesuggestedthatstayingupallnightorevenjustcuttingbackbyacoupleofhoursmakespeople【C3】______tothecallsoffastfood,pizzaandcandy.Shortsleepaffectshormonesthatinfluencehunger,expertssay,andthebrain'srewardcenterbecomes【C4】______active,drawingyoutothecarbsandfat.Researchersdon'tknowtheexactpointofsleeplessnessthat【C5】______one'swantforpizzaorchocolateorotherkindsoffood."Thereare【C6】______individualdifferences,"saysJonathanWisor,asleepscientistatWashingtonStateUniversity.Recentresearchhasconfirmedthatapatternofinsufficientsleepraisesyourriskforoverweightanddiabetes,too.Expertssuspectthattheresultscould【C7】______toanyonewhoworkslonghoursorspendsalotoftimestaringatasmartphonetjustbeforebed,andtopeoplewho【C8】______frominsomniaorsleepdisorder.Ifyouassumeyou'resafebecausestudyconditionstendtobefairlyextreme,youhadbetterthinkagain.Peoplewhoregularlygetlessthanthe【C9】______amountofsleephavebeenobservedtoeat200to500morecaloriesperdaythanpeoplewhodonot.Shouldyou【C10】______timeforaworkoutwhilebeinginlackofsleep?No.Whenyoudropbelow6.5orsixhoursofsleep,youneedsleepmorethanyouneedtoexercise.A)vulnerableB)deprivationC)optimumD)precautionE)squeezeF)triggersG)remarkablyH)applyI)sufferJ)regularlyK)tremendousL)transcendsM)blurredN)transientO)recruit1、【C1】標準答案：M知識點解析：空格作名詞vision的定語，可能是名詞、形容詞或分詞。本句提到睡眠不足引發(fā)的問題，blurred符合句意，表示睡眠不足可以導致“視力模糊”。2、【C2】標準答案：B知識點解析：若sleep為句子主語，空格應為副詞，“睡眠容易導致暴飲暴食”句意不通。因此空格應為名詞，與sleep一起作句子主語，表示某種睡眠問題。空格所在句的上下文都是講睡眠不足，deprivation“缺乏”符合句意。3、【C3】標準答案：A知識點解析：填入空格的詞可為動詞、分詞或形容詞，與makesb．構成“使役動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結構。本句解釋睡眠不足導致暴飲暴食的原因，即難以抵制食物的誘惑。vulnerable“易受攻擊的”可與介詞to搭配，符合句意。4、【C4】標準答案：G知識點解析：空格在系動詞和形容詞之間，應為副詞。remarkably符合句意，指出睡眠不足時，大腦的獎勵中樞會變得“非?！被钴S，使人容易受碳水化合物和脂肪的吸引。5、【C5】標準答案：F知識點解析：定語從句中的that指代theexactpointofsleeplessness，可見空格應為動詞第三人稱單數，作從句謂語。根據句意“研究人員并不知道睡不著到什么程度才會……人們吃披薩餅、巧克力或其他食物的欲望”，triggers“觸發(fā)，引起”符合語義。6、【C6】標準答案：K知識點解析：空格處需填入定語，修飾individualdifferences“個體差異”。本句是對上一句的補充，說明研究人員搞不明白的原因是個體差異“很大”，此處應選tremendous。7、【C7】標準答案：H知識點解析：could表明此處應填入動詞原形，且能與to搭配?？崭窈蟮膖oanyonewho…andtopeoplewho…提示，專家認為這些研究結果對很多人都適用，apply“適用”符合句意。8、【C8】標準答案：I知識點解析：空格應填入動詞，作定語從句的謂語?？崭袼诓糠忠鉃椋阂策m用于那些……失眠或睡眠障礙的人。suffer符合句意，sufferfrom意為“患(某種疾病)，為……所折磨”。9、【C9】標準答案：C知識點解析：空格需填入名詞、形容詞或分詞作amount的定語。根據句中的“多吃200-500以上卡路里”可知，此處是說這些人經常沒有適量的睡眠，optimum“最合適的”符合句意。10、【C10】標準答案：E知識點解析：空格應填入動詞原形作謂語。下文提到，在睡眠時間少于6．5小時或6小時的情況下，你更需要的是睡覺而不是鍛煉?？梢?，空格所在句是問：在睡眠不足的情況下還需不需要“找”時間做運動?squeeze"擠"符合句意。二、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)FiveMythsaboutCollegeDebt[A]Thetrillion-dollarstudentdebtburdenhascausedmanydebatesaboutthevalueofcollege.Somearguethatweeducatetoomanyyoungpeople.Indeed,averagetuitioncostshavegoneupfasterthantherateofinflation.Thecostofcollegetodayis,ininflation-adjustedterms,roughlydoublewhatitwasin1980.Thiscreateslegitimateconcernsaboutthecontinuedaffordabilityofacollegeeducation.[B]Butthedebatersoftenhavetheirfactswrong.VeryfewAmericansgraduatewith$100,000indebt;collegemakesmoresensetodaythanever;andno,ouruniversitiesaren'tblowingtheirmoneytofundcollegedormsandfootballstadiums.Myth1:Thefinancialreturnforgoingtocollegeislessnowthanitusedtobe.[C]Ifanything,thevalueofaninvestmentincollegeishighernowthanit'severbeen.Thecollegepremium(thedifferencebetweentheearningsofcollegegraduatesandhighschoolgraduates)isatitshighestlevelever.[D]ItistruethatintheyearssincetheGreatRecession,wagesforrecentcollegegraduateshavedeclinedabout5percent,butwagesforthosewithoutacollegedegreehavedeclinedmorethantwicethat,between10and12percent,increasingthecollegepremium.Furthermore,theproportionofrecentgraduateswhohavegottenjobscomingoutofcollegehasbeenvirtuallyunchangedfrombeforetherecession.Incontrast,theemploymentrateforhighschoolgraduatesandassociate-degreeholdershasdroppedby8to10percentSimilarly,throughouttherecession,theoverallunemploymentrateforbachelor'sdegreeholdershasconsistentlybeenhalfthatofnon-collegegraduates.Myth2:Collegesarenotpreparingstudentswiththeskillsneededinthecurrentworkplace.[E]Alloftheeconomicdatasuggeststheexactopposite—thattheproductivityofU.S.collegegraduatesintheworkplaceisincreasing.Thebroadestmeasureoftheproductivitydifferentialbetweenhighschoolgraduatesandcollegegraduatesishowmuchemployersarewillingtopayforthelatterovertheformer.Thisisknownasthe"collegepremium",andithasincreasedsteadilysincethe1970s.Thisisnotduetoadiminishedsupplyofcollegegraduates(indeed,thesupplyhasrisenoverthatperiod).[F]ThecollegepremiumislargerintheUnitedStatesthaninvirtuallyanyothereconomicallydevelopedcountry.Acrossthe34countriesthatmakeuptheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD),employersonaveragearewillingtopay1.8timesasmuchforacollegegraduateastheyarefor,anunskilledworker.ButintheUnitedStates,employerspay2.6timesasmuchforacollegegraduate.[G]ArecentMilkenInstitutestudyfoundthatforeachadditionalyearofcollegeattainedbytheresidentsofaregion,thepercapitagrossdomesticproductoftheregionincreasesaremarkable17,4percent.Theauthorsarguethattheincreasedregionalproductivityislargelytheresultoftheincreasedproductivityofacollege-educatedworkforce.(Interestingly,theydonotseeasimilarjumpinproductivityforadditionaleducationatthehighschoollevel.)Myth3:Onaverage,studentsarenowborrowing$_____topayfortheircollegeeducation.[H]Thisisamyth,orattheveryleastmisleading,foralmostanyfigurereportedinthenationalpress.(Thoughthereportedfiguresvary,theamountisgenerallymorethan$25,000.)Thereareseveralreasonsforthis,principallythatthedatabeingreportedaregenerallybasedononeoranotherreportofoutstandingstudentloanbalancesoraveragedebtlevelsforthosewithloans.[I]Whatmostpeopleareinterestedin,andwhatmostpeopleinterpretthesefigurestorepresent,ishowmuchatypicalstudentmustborrowtofinanceanundergraduate(bachelor's)degree.Unfortunately,mostfiguresreportedlumptogetherallstudentloandebt—forbothundergraduatedegreesandprofessionaldegrees.Furthermore,theyreportdataontheaverage(mean)debtlevelamongthosewhoborrowed,notthemediandebtamongallstudents,boththosewhoborrowedandthosewhodidnot.[J]Dataondebtlevelsattimeofgraduationisfarhardertoobtain.TheDepartmentofEducationperiodicallygathersthisinformation,butitsmostrecentreportonlycoversthosewhoreceivedbachelor'sdegreesin2008.Myth4:Collegedebtisatacrisislevel.[K]Collegedebtnowexceedstotalcredit-carddebtandtotalautoloans,bothofwhichhavedroppedsincethebeginningoftherecession.Itisinfacttheonlykindofhouseholddebtthatcontinuedtoincreasethroughouttherecession.[L]Therearethreereasonsfortheincrease.First,morestudentsaregoingtocollege.Second,ahigherpercentageofthemareborrowingtofinancetheireducation.Andthird,theamounttheyareborrowinghasincreased.Obviously,thefirstreasonistobeapplauded.Itisintheinterestofthestudentsandthenationthatmorehighschoolgraduatesgoontocollege.[M]Thefactthatmorestudentsareborrowingmoretoattendcollegeistheresultofseveraldifferentfactors,onlypartlytheincreasedcostoftuition.Anothermajorfactorisamarkeddeclineincollegesavings.AccordingtoMoody's,duringthepastthreeyears,theproportionoffamilieswithanycollegesavingsdroppedfrom60percentto50percent,andthosewhosavedsetasideanaverageofonly$11,781,downfrom$21,615threeyearsago(a45percentdecline).[N]Whatthismeansisthatmorefamiliesaresubstitutingdebtforcollegesavings.Butthesearejustalternativewaysofspreadingthecostofcollegeovermultipleyears.Thisiscertainlynomoreworrisomethantheswitchfrombuyingrefrigeratorswithdebtratherthanlayawayplans.[O]Butevenmoreimportantisthefactthatcollegespendingisaninvestmentinhumancapital.TheHamiltonProjectestimatesthatastudent'sspendingoncollegehasafinancialreturnofover15percent,morethantwicetheaveragereturnofastockmarketinvestmentoverthepast60years.WhencorporateAmericaincreasesitsdebttoinvestinphysicalcapital—newfactories,etc.—wedonotconsideritacrisis.Itisapositiveinvestmentinfutureproductivity.Similarly,whenindividualsborrowtoinvestintheirownhumancapital,thisisaninvestmentinfutureproductivity.Weshouldarguablycelebratethefactthatcollegedebt,aninvestmentinthefuture,exceedscredit-carddebt,whichrepresentscurrentconsumption.Myth5:Collegecostsareincreasingfasterthaninflationlargelybecauseofwastefulspendingonlavishdorms,recreationcentersetc.[P]Inauniversity'soverallbudget,capitalcostsfor"sweetness"(suchasrecreationcenters)constituteaverysmallfractionofthebudgetAmortized(分期償還)overthelifeoftheasset,theymayaccountforafewdollarsoftheannualtuitionbill,butnotmuchmore.[Q]Ironically,oneofthemainfactorspushingupcostsatuniversitiesisthefactthatthecollegepremium—thewagespaidtohighlyeducatedemployees—ishigherthanever.Collegecostsaredominatedbyemployeesalaries,andmostoftheseemployees(whetherfaculty,stafforadministrators)arethemselveshighlyeducated.Sothesamephenomenonthatincreasesthefinancialreturnofgoingtocollegeforstudentsalsoincreasesthecostofattendingcollege!11、Highercollegepremiumaccountsforpartofthecostincreaseatuniversities.標準答案：Q知識點解析：根據collegepremium和costincrease定位到Q段。該段首句提到，使讀大學的費用上升的一個主要因素是大學溢價——支付給受過高等教育的員工的薪水——比以往都高。本題句子與原文信息一致。12、Sincetherecession,theemploymentrateofrecentcollegegraduateshasalmostremainedthesame.標準答案：D知識點解析：根據therecession和employmentrate定位到D段。該段第2句提到，一畢業(yè)就有工作的新畢業(yè)生比例從大蕭條之后就沒有實際改變過。本題句子的theemployment．．graduates與原文who…outofcollege對應，almostremainedthesame對應原文的virtuallyunchanged。13、Someloanfigurescombinethestudentdebtsforbachelor’sdegreesand"professionaldegrees.標準答案：I知識點解析：根據loanfigures和bachelor’sdegrees定位到I段。該段指出學生貸款數據不可信的原因。第2句提到，大多數報告的數字合并了所有的學生貸款——本科學位貸款以及?？茖W位貸款。本題句子的combine對應原文的lumptogether.14、Takinginflationintoconsideration,theaveragecollegecosttodayisalmosttwiceasmuchasthatin1980.標準答案：A知識點解析：根據inflation，averagecollegecost和1980定位到A段。第3句提到，如今的大學費用，調整通貨膨脹因素后，大約是1980年的2倍。本題句子的twiceasmuch對應原文的double。15、Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutreplacingcollegesavingswithdebt.標準答案：N知識點解析：根據noneedtoworryabout和collegesavings定位到N段。該段提到，更多家庭用貸款代替為上大學做的儲蓄。而這只是用幾年時間支付大學費用的可供選擇的方法。就好像用貸款來買冰箱而不是付定金的預購計劃，沒什么值得憂慮的。本題句子與該段最后兩句意思一致。16、Aregion’seconomicgrowthcanbestronglyaffectedbytheincreasedproductivityofacollege-educatedworkforce,accordingtoastudy.標準答案：G知識點解析：根據theincreasedproductivityofacollege-educatedworkforce和astudy定位到G段。本段第一句講述該項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當地居民平均大學教育每多一年，人均國內生產總值就會增加17．4％。后一句提到，地區(qū)生產力的提高在很大程度上是受過大學教育的勞動人口生產力增加的結果。本題句子的bestronglyaffectedby對應原文的islargelytheresultof。17、Investmentinphysicalcapitalisquitesimilartothatinhumancapital.標準答案：O知識點解析：根據physicalcapital和humancapital定位到O段。第3-5句提到，美國公司因投資實物資本(新工廠等)增加自身債務時，我們不認為這是危機。這是對未來生產力的積極投資。同樣地，個人借錢投資人力資本也是對未來生產力的投資。本題句子的quitesimilarto對應原文的similarly。18、ThefactthatmorehighschoolstudentsentercollegesbenefitsAmerica.標準答案：L知識點解析：根據morehighschoolstudents定位到L段最后一句。句中提到，更多高中畢業(yè)生進入大學是學生和國家的利益所在。本題句子的benefits對應原文的it’sintheinterestof。19、Inrecentyears,theproportionoffamilieswithanycollegesavingsdecreased.標準答案：M知識點解析：根據theproportionoffamilieswithanycollegesavings定位到M段。末句提到，在過去的3年里，備有上大學儲蓄的家庭比例由60％下降到50％。本題句子的decreased對應原文的dropped。20、Usuallyemployersarepayingmoreforacollegegraduatethananunskilledworker.標準答案：F知識點解析：根據employers，payingmore，collegegraduate和unskilledworker定位到F段。該段第2句講到，在34個組成經濟合作與發(fā)展組織的成員國中，雇主平均付給大學畢業(yè)生的工資是無特別技術工人的1．8倍，而美國的雇主付的是2．6倍。本題句子是對原文最后兩句的概括。三、仔細閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Whilethe1970spoppsychotherapymovementfocusedontheimportanceoflettingangerout,morerecentresearchsuggeststhatthere'sasmarter,healthierwaytoreacttolife'sslingsandarrows;withforgiveness.Inarecentstudy,itwasfoundthatwhenindividualswereabouttoforgive,theyexperiencedgreaterjoy,amoreprofoundsenseofcontroloverlifeandlessdepression.Soundappealing.a)Whyholdingagrudge(怨恨)canbeharmful?Yourboyfriendblowsyouoffforanimportantdate.Ifyoustayangryathim,you'llprobablygetfreshflowersonyourdoorstepandmaybeafancymealortwo.Butgrudge-holdingonlygivesustheillusionofpower.Ifyouholdontothatangeronachronicbasis,thenithaspoweroveryou,eatingawayatyourpeaceofmindandperhapsevenyourimmunesystem.AstudybyKathleenLawler,Ph.D.,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofTennessee,confirmsthatpeoplewhoareunabletoforgivereportmorestressintheirlives,moreillnessandmorevisitstothedoctorthandoforgivingfolk.b)GoingfromagrudgetoforgivenessAfewwaystodevelopyourcapacitytoturntheothercheek—Trywritingadaily"forgiveness"reminderinyourjournal;itmaysoundcorny(過時的),butit'sagreatwaytohelpgaincontroloveryouremotionallife.—Writealettertoyouroffender,detailingexactlywhat'sbotheringyou.Thentossit.You'llfeelbetter,evenifyourmessageneverreachesitsintendedtarget.—What,exactly,makesyourbloodboil?Forgivenessisn'taboutswallowingangerorbeingadoormat(逆來順受的人).It'snotaboutforgetting,either.Onthecontrary,it'saboutacknowledginganoffencewithyoureyeswideopen—andthenreleasingtheanger.Thatmeansconjuringunempathy(不執(zhí)著)towardthepersonwhohurtyou,thenfocusingonthegoodpartsofyourlife.c)AnactofcourageStillnotconvincedthatit'sworthittoputyourenergiestowardforgiving?Besidesthebenefitstoyourpsycheandphysicalhealth,trueforgivenessisasignofstrengthandsoulfulness."Ittakesalotofmoralmuscletoforgive,"saysDr.WitvleitofHopeCollegeinMichigan.Thebottomline:Forgivingultimatelybenefitstheforgivermorethanthepersonwhohasdonewrong.Sostartputtingyourownwell-beingfirst,andlivelifewithasmuchinterestandloveasyoucan.21、Forgivenesshasthefollowingadvantagesexceptthat_____.A、itenablespeopletobesmarterB、itmakespeoplemorecheerfulC、ithelpspeopletobehealthierD、itrelievespeople’sfrustration標準答案：A知識點解析：首段首句提到的smarter和healthier分別出現(xiàn)在選項A和C。healthier是說原諒別人會讓人更健康；但是，smarter在第1句是說原諒比發(fā)泄生氣更明智，而不是說原諒可以讓人smarter。因此，選項A并非原諒別人的好處，為本題答案。選項B和D在第2句中均有提及，不符合題意。22、Accordingtothepassage,ifyoukeepfeelingangryforalongtime,_____.A、theonewhohasdonewrongwillkeepsendingyoupresentsB、theonewhohasdonewrongwillultimatelyapologizetoyouC、youwillhavepowerovertheonewhohasdonewrongtoyouD、youwillgraduallylosecontroloveryourmindandyourhealth標準答案：D知識點解析：題目的關鍵詞是foralongtime，根據第3段第4句，只有選項D才是長期保持生氣的情緒的結果。23、Theauthorthinkswhenoneforgives,_____A、heendurestheoffencewithoutcomplaintsB、hetrieshisbesttoforgetthebadexperienceC、hedoesnotclingtothepastbutwelcomesthebrightsideoflifeD、hedoesnotcarryoutrevengebutremindshimselfoftheoffence標準答案：C知識點解析：選項C是對第5段最后兩句的概括，因此為正確答案。24、Dr.Witvleitthinkstoforgive_____.A、benefitsone’sphysicalhealthB、benefitsone’smentalhealthC、costsone’stimeandenergyD、showsone’sspiritualvirtue標準答案：D知識點解析：選項D中的spiritualvirtue與文中的moralmuscle或soulfulness近義，因此選D。25、Theauthormostprobablywantsto_____.A、informthereaderB、instructthereaderC、comparetwowaysoftreatingangerD、focusontheadvantageofforgiving標準答案：B知識點解析：本文的目的不是告訴讀者信息，而是教導讀者對待傷害應采取什么態(tài)度。由此可見，選項B為本題答案。Oneofthebiggestchangessince1990isthedegreetowhichbioterrorismhasbecomeapublichealthpriority.Althoughtherehadlongbeenconcernaboutvulnerabilitytobiowarfareandbioterrorism,theanthraxepisodeinthefallof2001madeitclearthattheconcernisnolongertheoretical.Untilveryrecently,theimportantroleofpublichealthatthefrontlinesofbioterrorismpreparednesswasunrecognized.Althoughconcernaboutemerginginfectionshashelpedstimulatefundingforthechronicallyunderappreciatedpublichealthsystem,thethreatofbioterrorismmotivatedthefirstrealinfusionofnewmoneyintopublichealthindecades.Manyofthecapabilitiesneededtodefendagainstbioterrorismarethesameasthoseneededtocombatnaturalemerginginfections.Inbothinstances,theproblemisanunexpectedoutbreakofinfectiousdisease,ofwhichthefirstindicationislikelytobesickpeopleinemergencyroomsorclinics.Indeed,aswiththeanthraxattacks,thepublichealthandmedicalresponsesmaybeunderwaybeforethetruenatureoftheoutbreakisrecognized.Publichealthandtheinterfacewiththehealthcaresystemarethereforekeyelementsinanyeffectiveresponsetobioterrorism.Whetherthebiggestthreatisnaturalorengineered,muchremainstobedone.Effortstostrengthensurveillanceandresponseworldwideandtoimprovecommunicationmustbeacceleratedandsustained.Further,wehaveonlyscratchedthesurfaceintermsofunderstandingtheecologyofinfectiousdiseasesanddevelopingstrategiesforregulatingmicrobialtraffic.Weneedtoolsforbetterpredictiveepidemiologicmodelingwhenanewinfectionfirstappearsandforbetteranalysisofthefactorsthattransferpathogens(病原體)acrossspecies.OneencouragingdevelopmentistheprogramintheecologyofinfectiousdiseasethatwasstartedafewyearsagobecomestheNationalScienceFoundationincooperationwithNIH.SARSisagoodyardstickofourprogressduringthepast13years.Thesyndromewasunusualbecausenovelinfectionsthatspreadfrompersontopersonarerelativelyrare.Oncecaseswerefinallyreported,thepublichealthresponsewasvigorous.WHOwarnedhealthcareproviders,researchersrapidlyidentifiedacandidatevirus,andprototypediagnostictestsquicklybecameavailable.ThevastreachoftheInternetwasinstrumentalinsharinginformationandcoordinatingactivitiesworldwide.26、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peoplehavelongignored_____.A、publichealth’svulnerabilitytobioterrorismB、publichealth’sroleinfightingbioterrorismC、thefundingproblemforthepublichealthsystemD、theprocedurestoerasethethreatofbioterrorism標準答案：B知識點解析：首段第3句中的Until…wasunrecognized可理解為“直到最近……才認識到公共衛(wèi)生的重要性”，可見該句暗示公共衛(wèi)生的重要性一直被忽視，因此本題應選B。27、Whatcanwelearnabouttheanthraxincident?A、Itexposesthevulnerabilitytobiowarfareandbioterrorism.B、Itcannotbecopedwithinthesamewayasnaturalinfections.C、Measuresweretakenagainstitwhenitsnaturewasnotdetermined.D、Thepeopleinfectedwithitwerecuredinemergencyroomsorclinics.標準答案：C知識點解析：第2段第3句中的aswith…表明該句主句的內容也適合用于描述2001年的那次炭疽菌襲擊事件，選項C是對該主句的近義改寫，為本題答案。28、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresearchoninfectiousdiseases?A、Itwillbealong-termprocess.B、Thefindingsarenotsolidenough.C、Whathasbeendoneissatisfactory.D、Moreprofoundworkneedstobedone.標準答案：D知識點解析：本題是針對第3段整段的主要內容。第3段首句是該段的主題句，而在其他句子里，strengthen,improve，accelerate，bettermodeling，betteranalysis等詞也表明對于傳染病的研究在各方面仍需做更深入的工作，選項D概括了作者的觀點。29、HowwasSARSdifferentfromotherinfectiousdiseases?A、Itspreadsfrompersontoperson.B、Itisthelatestengineeredinfection.C、Ittakesalongtimetoidentifythesymptoms.D、Itmanifeststheprogressinrelevantresearch.標準答案：A知識點解析：末段第2句中的unusualbecause表明了SARS與其他傳染病的不同之處，選項A就是because后引出的內容，所以是本題答案。30、ItcanbeinferredthatNIHismostprobably_____.A、anorganizationofinfectedpatientsB、aresearchinstituteofinfectiousdiseasesC、aneffectivemedicinecuringinfectionsD、awayofrecognizingnewdiseases標準答案：B知識點解析：從第3段末句中的incooperationwith…可知NIH是研究傳染病生態(tài)學的合作機構，因此選項B是最適合的選項。大學英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Theideaoftaxingthingsthatarebadforsocietyhasapowerfulallure.Itoffersthepossibilityofadoublebenefit—【C1】________harmfulactivities,whilealsoprovidingthegovernmentwithrevenue.Takesintaxes.Taxesonalcoholmakeitmoreexpensivetogetdrunk,whichreducesexcessivedrinkingand【C2】________driving.Atthesametime,theyprovidestateandlocalgovernmentswithbillionsofdollarsofrevenue.Tobaccotaxes,whichgeneratemorethantwiceasmuch,haveproven【C3】________inthedeclineofsmoking,whichhassavedmillionsoflives.Taxescanalsobeanimportanttoolforenvironmentalprotection,andmanyeconomistssaytaxingcarbonwouldbethebestwaytoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Economictheorysaysthatunlikeincomeorsalestaxes,carbontaxescanactuallyincreaseeconomicefficiency;becausecompaniesthat【C4】________carbondioxideintotheskydon'tpaythecostsoftheclimatechangetheycause,carbontaxeswouldrestoretheproper【C5】________tothemarket.Inreality,carbontaxesalonewon'tbeenoughtohaltglobalwarming,buttheywouldbeausefulpartofanyclimateplan.What'smore,therevenuefromthistax,whichwould【C6】________behundredsofbillionsofdollarsperyear,couldbehandedouttocitizensasa【C7】________orusedtofundgreeninfrastructureprojects.Similarly,awealthtaxhasbeenputforwardasawaytoreduceinequalitywhileraisingrevenue.Therevenuefromthistax,whichsomeexperts【C8】________willbeover$4trillionperdecade,wouldbedesignatedforhousing,childcare,healthcareandothergovernmentbenefits.Ifyoubelieve,asmanydo,thatwealthinequalityis【C9】________bad,thenthesetaxesimprovesocietywhilealso【C10】________governmentcoffers(金庫).A)discouragingF)imprisonedK)mergingB)dividendG)incentivesL)predictC)emotionalH)inherentlyM)probablyD)fragmentsI)initiallyN)pumpE)impairedJ)instrumentalO)swelling1、【C1】標準答案：A知識點解析：空格前為名詞benefit以及破折號，空格后為harmfulactivities，后面whilealso提示空格處應為動名詞形式(v-ing)。由句意可知，空格處的動詞應與“使沮喪”表意相近。動詞中只有A項discouraging“使沮喪”符合句意。故本題選A。2、【C2】標準答案：E知識點解析：空格前為并列連詞and，空格后為名詞driving，因此空格處應為形容詞(a.)，與前面的excessive并列。由句意可知，空格處的詞匯應與“危險的，醉酒的”表意相近。只有E項impaled“有……障礙的”能夠和driving構成impaireddriving，意為“危險駕駛”，符合句意。故本題選E。3、【C3】標準答案：J知識點解析：空格前為系動詞proven，空格后為介詞in，因此空格處應為名詞(n.)或形容詞(a.)，構成系表結構。由句意可知，空格處的詞匯應與“關鍵的，重要的”表意相近。只有J項instrumental“起重要作用的”符合句意。故本題選J。4、【C4】標準答案：N知識點解析：空格前為關系代詞that引導定語從句，空格后為名詞carbondioxide，因此空格處應為動詞(v.)。由句意可知，空格處的動詞應與“排放，排出”表意相近。動詞中只有N項Pump“用泵輸送”能夠和后文的into構成符合文意的搭配。故本題選N。5、【C5】標準答案：G知識點解析：空格前為形容詞proper，空格后為to，空格所在句有謂語，缺少賓語，因此空格處應為名詞(n.)。由句意可知，空格處的名詞應與“促進，激勵”表意相近。名詞中只有G項incentives“激勵，鼓勵”符合句意。故本題選G。6、【C6】標準答案：M知識點解析：空格前為情態(tài)動詞would，空格后為be，因此空格處應為副詞(ad.)。由句意可知，空格處的副詞應與“可能，大概”表意相近。副詞中只有M項probably“可能”符合句意。故本題選M。7、【C7】標準答案：B知識點解析：空格前為不定冠詞a，空格后為連詞or，因此空格處應為單數名詞(n.)。由句意可知，空格處的名詞應與“利益，好處”表意相近。名詞中只有B項dividend“獎金，紅利”符合句意。故本題選B。8、【C8】標準答案：L知識點解析：空格所在句是一個which引導的定語從句，定語從句的主干為whichwillbe…per-decade，其中someexperts________為插入語，插入語中缺少謂語，因此空格處應為動詞E項。由句意可知，空格處的動詞應與“預測，預估”表意相近。動詞中只有L項predict“預測”符合句意。故本題選L。9、【C9】標準答案：H知識點解析：空格前為動詞is，空格后為形容詞bad，空格所在句為完整的系表結構，因此空格處應為副詞(ad.)。由句意可知，空格處的副詞應與“本身，本質”表意相近。副詞中只有H項inherently“本身，本質”符合句意。故本題選H。10、【C10】標準答案：O知識點解析：空格前為副詞also，空格后為名詞短語governmentcoffers，因此空格處應為動詞的分詞形式(v.-ing)。由句意可知，空格處的動詞應與“增加，擴大”表意相近。動詞中只有O項swelling“擴大”符合句意。故本題選O。二、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)SixPotentialBrainBenefitsofBilingualEducation[A]Brains,brains,brains.Peoplearefascinatedbybrainresearch.Andyetitcanbehardtopointtoplaceswhereoureducationsystemisreallymakinguseofthelatestneuroscience(神經科學)findings.Butthereisonehappylinkwhereresearchismeetingpractice:bilingual(雙語的)education."Inthelast20yearsorso,there'sbeenavirtualexplosionofresearchonbilingualism,"saysJudithKroll,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside.[B]Againandagain,researchershavefound,"bilingualismisanexperiencethatshapesourbrainforlife,"inthewordsofGigiLuk,anassociateprofessoratHarvard'sGraduateSchoolofEducation.Atthesametime,oneofthehottesttrendsinpublicschoolingiswhat'softencalleddual-languageortwo-wayimmersionprograms.[C]TraditionalprogramsforEnglish-languagelearners,orELLs,focusonassimilatingstudentsintoEnglishasquicklyaspossible.Dual-languageclassrooms,bycontrast,provideinstructionacrosssubjectstobothEnglishnativesandEnglishlearners,inbothEnglishandatargetlanguage.Thegoalisfunctionalbilingualismandbiliteracyforallstudentsbymiddleschool.NewYorkCity,NorthCarolina,Delaware,Utah,OregonandWashingtonstateareamongtheplacesexpandingdual-languageclassrooms.[D]Thetrendfliesinthefaceofsomeoftheculturewarsoftwodecadesago,whenadvocatesinsistedon"Englishfirst"education.Mostfamously,CaliforniapassedProposition227in1998.ItwasintendedtosharplyreducetheamountoftimethatEnglish-languagelearnersspentinbilingualsettings.Proposition58,passedbyCaliforniavotersonNovember8,largelyreversedthatdecision,pavingthewayforahugeexpansionofbilingualeducationinthestatethathasthelargestpopulationofEnglish-languagelearners.[E]SomeoftheinsistenceonEnglish-firstwasfoundedonresearchproduceddecadesago,inwhichbilingualstudentsunderperformedmonolingual(單語的)EnglishspeakersandhadlowerIQscores.Today'sscholars,likeEllenBialystokatYorkUniversityinToronto,saythatresearchwas"deeplyflawed.""Earlierresearchlookedatsociallydisadvantagedgroups,"agreesAntonellaSoraceattheUniversityofEdinburghinScotland."Thishasbeencompletelycontradictedbyrecentresearch"thatcomparesgroupsmoresimilartoeachother.[F]Sowhatdoesrecentresearchsayaboutthepotentialbenefitsofbilingualeducation?Itturnsoutthat,inmanyways,therealtricktospeakingtwolanguagesconsistsinmanagingnottospeakoneofthoselanguagesatagivenmoment—whichisfundamentallyafeatofpayingattention.Saying"Goodbye"tomomandthen"Gutentag"toyourteacher,ormanag