藥學(xué)英語I智慧樹知到答案2024年山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)

藥學(xué)英語I山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)智慧樹知到答案2024年第一章測試

Epidemiologistmeans（）.

A:流行病學(xué)家B:植物學(xué)家C:藥理學(xué)家D:臨床醫(yī)生

答案:AMostcruciferousvegetableshada70percentlowerriskof（）cancerthanthosewhoatetheleastofsuchvegetables.

A:breastB:colonC:pancreaticD:gastrointestinal

答案:Bβ-carotene,concentratedin()vegetablessuchascarrots,sweetpotatoesandspinach.（）.

A:orangeB:redC:yellowD:deepgreen

答案:ACDCertainfoodscanblockthechemicalsthatinitiatecancer.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AAntioxidantscansnuffoutoxygenfreeradicalsandcanevenrepairsomeofthecellulardamagethathasbeendone.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AResearchsuggeststhatfrequentconsumptionoffruitsandvegetablescancuttheriskoflungcancereveninsmokers.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:Aβ-carotenehadanindirecttoxiceffectoncellstakenfrommalignanttumors.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:AAccordingtothetext,thosewhoeatmoreonionandgarlicarelesspronetogastrointestinalcancer.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BGarliccannotantagonizeexistingcancer.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BCitrusfruitanall-aroundcancerpackagebecauseitpossesseseveryclassofnaturalsubstances.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BFeedinganimalscabbageandcollardgreens羽衣甘藍(lán),alongwithahigh-fatdiet,reducedtheincidenceofmammarycancers.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:B

第二章測試

Theresponsibilityofdrugabuserestswith（）.

A:nurseB:governmentC:patientsD:doctors

答案:CDFacedwithmanypenicillin-resistantinfections,doctorsmayopttoprescribe（）

A:amorepowerfuldrugB:nothingC:anarrow-spectrumantibioticD:abroad-spectrumantibiotic

答案:ADIfonlyenoughmedicineistakentokillthemostsusceptiblegerms,thehardyhandfulmaysurvivetogrowanewcolony;thisnewbreedofbacteriawillbemoreresistanttothemedication.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:APenicillindrugs,whichcurednearlyallbacterialurinary-tractinfectionsseveraldecadesago,arenowmuchlesseffectiveagainstthem.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BTakingantibioticswhenyoudon’tneedthemwon’tdoyouanygood,anditcandoharm.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BMorethanhalfofallantibioticuseintheUnitedStatesisunnecessaryorinappropriate.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AWestillneedvariationsofexistingantibioticstoprotectusfromresistanceoverthelongterm.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BByaffectingmorekindsofbacteria,thenarrow-spectrumdrugssimplyoffermoreopportunitiesforresistantmutationstodevelop.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BItistheresponsibilityofdoctorstocausepublichealthcrisisduetotheabuseofprescriptiondrugs.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:A

第三章測試

Morphineisthemajor（）ofopium.

A:alkaloidB:volatileoilC:glycosidesD:flavone

答案:APhytochemicalmeans（）.

A:藥理的B:alkaloidC:flavoneD:植物化學(xué)的

答案:D（）ofprescribeddrugssoldinU.S.pharmaciescontainconstituentsderiveddirectlyfromrealgreenplants.

A:One-thirdB:Two-thirdsC:OnequarterD:Onehalf

答案:CHerbalmedicineisdamnedbyassociationinmedicaleyesbecause（）.

A:itispractisedbypeasantsandprimitivepeopleB:itispractisedbylay-peopleC:itbelongstomedicine’sdarkanddiscreditablepastD:itispractisedbypeopletheyconsiderinadequatelytrained

答案:ABCDWhichonebelongstotheplant-deriveddrugs（）?

A:reserpineB:morphineC:atropineD:quinine

答案:ABCDQuinineisthemodelforallantimalarials.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ADigitalisisaveryimportantcardiacdrug.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BReserpinandvincaleukoblastine長春堿representthemostimportantplant-derivedmedicinalsintroducedintomedicinebyourgeneration.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BReserpinwasusedinprimitiveHindumedicineforavarietyofdiseases,includingsnakebite,hypertensionandinsomnia.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AVincaleukoblastineisakindofalkaloidsisolatedfromVincarosea.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AExtensiveactivestudiesledtoelucidationofmorphine’sstructure.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:B

第四章測試

Physiologymeans（）.

A:生理學(xué)B:生物學(xué)C:藥理學(xué)D:病理學(xué)

答案:AWhichbooksaidthatbloodflowsthroughthebloodvesselsinaregularcourseandthatthefunctionofthebloodistodistributenutrition?（）

A:NeiJingB:BenCaoGangMuC:bookofmateriamedicaD:SheNongBenCao

答案:AWhatkindspartsofmedicinalplantscanbeusedfortherapeuticpurposes?（）

A:theleavesB:theflowersC:thestemD:therootsE:thefruitsandthewholeplant

答案:ABCDEChinesetraditionalmedicinebelongtofolkmedicine.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:AAcupunctureisatechniqueinwhichallofthepointswereelaboratedoveraperiodof2000years.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BChinesephysicianscontinuetotreatacuteappendicitiswithoutsurgery,usingtheancientprescriptions，becauseofeconomy.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BThegovernmentofChinaencouragesnotonlythecollectionofoldandnewherbsbutalsotheextendedcultivationofmedicinalplants.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ADifferentmedicinalpartoftheplantcanbecollectedatthesametime.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:ATheprocessingofmedicinalplantsisn'tconcernedwiththeefficacyofthedrug.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:APropercleaningmethodseliminateorreducetoxicity,thusenhancingtheefficacyandsafetyoftheproduct.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BThepackagecontainingthedrugsistakenhomeandboiledinametalutensilforaspecifiedlengthoftimeinaprescribedamountofwater.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:A

第五章測試

Anaturalproductisdefinedasaproductthatisderivedfrom（）throughphysicalprocessing.

A:animalB:landC:microbialsourcesD:plant

答案:ACDPhysicalprocessingfornaturalproductincluding（）.

A:saltformationB:acidificationandbasificationC:ionexchangeD:microbialfermentation.

答案:ABCDWhichoneisthefunctionofactiveingredients（）.

A:causephysiologicalchangesB:donothingC:supplyenergytothebodyD:serveasnutrients

答案:ACDSincetheadventoftheSyntheticEraseveraldecadesago,manynaturaldrugshavebeenreplacedbysyntheticones.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ANaturalflavorsandfragranceshavebeenduplicatedorsimulatedbymanufacturedchemicals.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BThepresenttrendpointstoanincreasinginterestintheuseofsyntheticproducts,particularlyinfoodsandcosmetics.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:Anaturalproductsitisgenerallymeantthatproductsarenotmadebychemicalsynthesis.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BInactiveingredientsaresubstanceswhichdonotexertphysiologicalactionswheningestedorappliedtothebody.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ATheprimaryfunctionofinactiveingredientsistofacilitatetheultimateintakeorutilizationoftheactiveingredients.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:B

第六章測試

Pharmaceuticalanalysismeans（）?

A:質(zhì)量分析B:藥物分析C:定性分析D:定量分析

答案:BWhichofthefollowingtechniquesareusedtoseparatetraceimpurities?（）

A:thinlayerchromatography(TLC)B:Gaschromatography(GC)C:highpressureliquidchromatography(HPLC)D:solventextraction

答案:ABCDWhichofthefollowingtechniquesareusedforidentificationofunknownproducts?（）

A:massspectroscopy(MS)B:infraredspectroscopy(IR)C:nuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy(NMR)D:Elementalanalysis

答案:ABCDInordertodetectsmallchangesreliablywithalimitednumberofreplicateassaysateachtimepoint,theanalysismustbe（）?

A:freeof“drift”duetochangesininstruments,standards,operatorsB:verypreciseC:freeofinterferencefromthedegradationproductsD:nospecialrequirement

答案:ABCThepreferredsolutiontotheproblemofquantitativecontrolassaysistouseHPLCorGCmethodswhichafford（）.

A:goodspecificityB:highspeedC:simplicityD:excellentprecisionandaccuracy

答案:ABCDStabilitystudiesareespeciallydemandingofanalyticalprecisionandaccuracybecausechangesofafewpercentoveraperiodof3to5yearsaresignificantandmustbeaccuratelyquantitatted.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ATheproceduresusedduringproductdevelopmentcannotbesimplified.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BControllimitsonboththepurityofthedrugsubstanceandthedrugcontentofthefinishedformulationareusuallyverytight,thusrequiringveryprecisequantitativeproceduresfortestingcompliance.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AThisseparationisfrequentlyaccomplishedbyextraction,solventpartitioning,filtration,orcolumnchromatography,butmanyothertechniquesfindoccasionalapplication.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AAreferencestandardisrequiredwheneverarelativetechniquesuchasGC,HPLC,ultraviolet,visibleorinfraredspectrophotometry,fluorometry,orpolarographyisusedfortheanalysis.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AThepurityvalueofthestandardmustbederivedfromabsolutemethods.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:A

第七章測試

Usuallytoxicitystudiesareundertakenoveraperiodof（）.

A:1weekto1yearB:1monthto1yearC:4weekstoatleast1yearD:4weekstohalfayear

答案:CTheaimsofdrugdevelopmentare（）.

A:produceanoveltherapeuticagentwhichissuperiorinefficacytoexistingremediesB:causelesssevereadverseeffectsC:muchcheaperD:causelessfrequent

答案:ABDWhichofthefollowingstrategieshavebeenusedinthedevelopmentofnewdrugs?（）

A:ClinicalobservationofdrugactioninpracticeB:ProgrammedbasicresearchwithsynthesisofspecificchemicalC:randomchemicalsynthesisD:Serendipity偶然,luckandintuition

答案:ABCDWhichofthefollowingmodelsareusuallyemployedinexperimentalpharmacology?（）

A:CellculturesorbacteriaB:IntactanimalsfrommicetoprimatesC:PerfusedorgansD:PartiallypurifiedenzymesorsubcellularparticlesE:Isolatedtissues

答案:ABCDEDuringexperimentalpharmacology,attentionmustbepaidto:（）

A:MutagenicityB:EffectsonfertilityC:CarcinogenicityD:Teratogeniceffects

答案:ABCDChronictoxicitytestingismorerelevanttoclinicalapplications.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BRoutinetoxicologytestingshouldbecanceledbecausethereisnorelevanceofsomeanimalcarcinogenicitystudiestoman.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BExtensiveformaltoxicologicaltestsarenowrequiredinmostcountriesbeforedrugscanbeusedonpatients.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BExperimentalpharmacologydeterminewhetherthedrughasthedesiredprofileofactioninmodelsystems.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:B

第八章測試

Onlyafteranimalstudieshaveprovedefficacy,andtoxicologicalstudieshaveprovidedameasureofthepossiblerisk,cannewdrugsbegiventohumans.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BPhase1involvessmallscalestudiesinnormalvolunteers.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BPhase2studiesinitiallymaybeopen,uncontrolled,dose-rangingexperimentsanddon’tincludecontrolledstudies.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BWhendrugswithspecificactionsonenzymesorreceptorsarebeingstudied,relativelysimplecellfreesystemsorisolatedtissuepreparationscanbeused.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BPost-marketingsurveillanceisincreasinglyundertakentoassessefficacyandtoxicityofnewdrugsonalargerscale.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BThephysicianneedsguidanceoncriticalassessmentofwhatrepresentsanimportantadvance.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BPhaseonestudiesdeterminewhetherthedrugcanbegiventomanwithoutserioussymptomsortoxicity,andwhetherithasthedesiredpharmacologicaleffects.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:APhase2studiesdeterminewhetherthenewdrughasthedesiredeffectonpatientswiththeappropriatedisease.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:APhase3studiesdeterminehowthenewdrugcomparesinclinicalpracticewithexistingremedies,andtoestablishitsprofileofactionandfrequencyofadverseeffects.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:A

第九章測試

WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)means（）?

A:世界衛(wèi)生組織B:聯(lián)合國C:癌癥研究院D:疾病控制中心

答案:AStrategiesworldwidetocontrolofdrugabuseinclude（）.

A:increaseunderstandingamongtargetgroupsofcommunityleadersandothersB:reducesocialacceptanceof,interestin,anddemandfordependence-producingdrugsC:limittheavailabilityofspecifieddependence-producingdrugsD:suppressillicitcultivation,production,manufacture,distribution,andinappropriatemannerofuseofdesignateddrugs

答案:ABCDThemajorityoflegaldrugsusednowandthenforminorillnesseswithoutmedicalprescriptionareprobablynotnecessary.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:Acertainotherdrugsaffectthenervoussystemindifferentways,oftenproducingavarietyofpleasurablefeelings:amoodofjoy;drowsinessorsleep,orevenpleasurablevisionsorhallucinations.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BAddictionisthebody’scontinuedneedfordrugsbecauseoftheirphysiologicaleffectsaftertheyarefirsttaken.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AInjectionintoaveinisusuallythemostdirect,potentmeansofdrugadministration.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ATolimittheavailabilityofspecifieddependence-producingdrugsisagoodstrategytocontrolofdrugabuse.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ACertainmigrants,emotionallyorsociallydisadvantagedand/orunstablepersonsarehighriskgroupsofdrugabuse.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AModifytheinterestsandattitudesofpersonsathighriskofusingdependence-producingdrugsinamannerlikelytobeassociatedwithpersonalandsocialproblems,soastoreducetheprobabilityofsuchuse.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AEliminateignoranceandmisconceptionsaboutdrugeffectscouldn’tdecreasedrugabuse.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:B

第十章測試

Drugdependenceinclude（）

A:EconomicdependenceB:PsychicdependenceC:TrustdependenceD:Physicaldependence

答案:BDHowtomanageopiumanditsderivatives？（）

A:AttemptscanbemadetostopthenarcoticB:Addictsmustberegisteredandmaythenreceiveasupplyoftheirdrugfromapproveddoctors.C:onemethodisthesubstitutionofmethadonewhichislessaddictiveandwhichcanbewithdrawnatalaterdate.D:Alternatively,clonidinecanbeused.

答案:ABCDDrugdependencemaybedefinedasastateresultingfromtheinteractionofapersonandadruginwhichthepersonhasacompulsiontocontinuetakingthedruginordertoexperiencepleasurablepsychiceffectsandsometimesavoiddiscomfortduetoitswithdrawal.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AMostmembersoftheopiumgroupofdrugsaretoagreaterorlesserextentdrugsofdependence.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BHeroinmaybeinjectedintravenously,takenorallyorsmoked.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BCocaineproducesafeelingofelationandappearstotemporarilyincreasephysicalcapacity.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BInSouthAfricatheleavesofthecocatreewhichcontaincocainearechewedbytheinhabitants.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BCocainedependenceislargelypsychicandwithdrawalsymptomsaredepression,sleepinessandincreasedappetite.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BFormanyyearsamphetamineswereusedasappetitesuppressorsandtotreatmilddepression.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BCannabisisavolatileoil,obtainedfromaplantwhichiswidelygrowninAmerica,AfricaandAsia,usuallysmokedbutcanbetakenbymouth.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:A

第十一章測試

藥理學(xué)英文拼寫（）?

A:pharmaceuticalB:pharmacodynamicsC:pharmacologyD:pharmacy

答案:B（）dealswiththeuseofdrugsinthepreventionandtreatmentofdisease.

A:Structure-activityrelationshipsB:PharmacokineticsC:PharmacodynamicsD:Pharmacotherapeutics

答案:DPharmacologyinclude（）.

A:therapeuticandotherusesofdrugsB:mechanismsofaction,absorption,distribution,biotransformationandexcretionC:theknowledgeofthehistory,source,physicalandchemicalproperties,compoundingD:biochemicalandphysiologicaleffects

答案:ABCDTowriteintelligentprescriptionorders,thephysicianmusthavesomeknowledgeof（）

A:thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofdrugsB:thesourcesofdrugsC:availabledosageformsofdrugsD:abasicfamiliaritywiththepracticeofpharmacy

答案:ACDPharmacokineticsdealswith（）ofdrugs.

A:biotransformationB:distributionC:excretionD:absorption

答案:ABCDAdrugisbroadlydefinedasanychemicalagentthataffectslivingprocesses.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BTheclinicianisinterestedmainlyindrugsthatareusefulintheprevention,diagnosis,andtreatmentofhumandisease,notinthepreventionofpregnancy.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BFewerdrugsarenowobtainedfromnaturalsources,and,moreimportantly,mostofthesearehighlypurifiedorstandardizedanddifferlittlefromsyntheticchemicals.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BThepreparing,compounding,anddispensingofmedicinesatonetimelaywithintheprovinceofthephysician,butthisworkisnowdelegatedalmostcompletelytothepharmacist.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:APharmacokineticsstudyofthebiochemicalandphysiologicaleffectsofdrugsandtheirmechanismsofaction.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:AStructure-activityrelationshipsisaramificationofpharmacodynamics.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:Athecorrelationofbiologicalactivitywithchemicalstructureisusuallyofinteresttothephysicianonlywhenitprovidesthebasisforsummarizingotherpharmacologicalinformation.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:A

第十二章測試

Fortheproject,theoutlineplaninclude（）.

A:DosageandadministrationB:KeepingqualitiesandstorageconditionsC:NatureandusesexcretionD:Unwantedeffects

答案:ABCDWhat’sthenatureandusesofAspirin？（）

A:Forsymptomaticreductionoftransientfever,asin“flu”.B:Painrelieverandfeverreducer;alsoreducesinflammation.C:Torelieveinflammationinrheumaticdisease.D:Forsymptomaticreliefofminorachesandpains,suchasheadache,menstrualpains,butnotforuseinstomachpainorindigestion.

答案:ABCDWhat’stheUnwantedeffectsofAspirin？（）

A:stomachbleedingB:heartburnC:stomachdiscomfortD:cough

答案:ABCPackageleafletsbewritteninmedicaljargonandmayputspecialemphasisonprotectingtheuserbywarninghimaboutallthepossibleharmfuleffects,includingnotonlythosethatareseriousorcommonbutalsothelessseriousandtherare.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AWhatinformationisessentialdependsprimarilyontheculturalsettingofitsuseandtheeducationalattainmentoftheuser.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:AItishighlydesirablethatthesameorsimilarmedicinesavailableindifferentplacesshouldbeaccompaniedbythesameorsimilarinformation,whoeverthemanufacturermaybe.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BThisexercisewouldbesimilarinprinciplebutmoredifficultindetail,mainlybecausethedemarcationofresponsibilitiesbetweendoctorandpatientcanbeintricate,variesgreatly,andisoftenunclear.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:ANoteveryonewantstouseamedicineneedscertaininformationtoenablehimtouseittothebesteffectandtominimisetheriskofharm.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:ANatureanduses:afewwordsaboutthenatureofthemedicine,thepurposesforwhichitissuitable,and(ifconsiderednecessary)certainpurposesforwhichitshouldnotbeused.Categoriesofpeoplewhoshouldnotuseitneednotbeincluded.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:ATheminimum-informationapproachcouldhelpconsiderablyinattemptstodeveloppackageinsertsforpatients.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:B

第十三章測試

FDA’sgoalinclude（）.

A:drugs,biologicalproductsandmedicaldevicesaresafeandeffectiveB:theuseofradiologicalproductsdoesnotresultinunnecessaryexposuretoradiationC:alloftheseproductsarehonestlyandinformativelylabeledD:cosmeticsaresafeE:foodissafeandwholesome

答案:ABCDETheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasbeendescribedastheprincipalconsumerprotectionagencyoftheFederalGovernment.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BFDAhasresponsibilitytooverseethepurity,quality,identity,safety,usefulness,andrelatedcharacteristicsofthenation’sfood,drug,andcosmeticsupply.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對

答案:BTherelativeemphasiswhichtheAgencyplacesonthevoluntaryrouteversustheenforcementroutevariesgreatlyfromtime-to-time.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AAmongthemanyFederalregulatoryagencies,noothertouchestheday-to-daylifeofcitizenssodirectlyasFDA.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AOnlypartoftheestablishmentsintheUnitedStatesareinspectedbyFDAatonetimeoranother.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:BFDAmustrelyonthevoluntarycomplianceofthosewhooperatewithintheprofessionsandindustriesthatareresponsiblefortheproductsoverwhichtheFDAhasjurisdiction.（）

A:對B:錯(cuò)

答案:AThisvoluntarycomplianceisencouragedbyaparallelprogramofregulatoryenforcementviaproductsampling,batchtesting,marketplacesurveys,plantinspections,and