英語復習教案：選修unit4

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精[話題素材——全球變暖]好詞1．a(chǎn)tmospheren.大氣；氣氛2．transparentadj.透明的；清澈的3．unbearableadj。難以忍受的4．declinevi.減少；降低；下降5．undertakevt。承擔；從事；負責6．a(chǎn)rousepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection提高人們的環(huán)保意識7．bring.。.undercontrol控制8．dieout滅絕9．whitepollution白色污染10．frombadtoworse每況愈下11．befacedwith面臨12．dowhatwecan做我們能做的一切13．reducepollution減少污染14．throwaway丟棄15．inharmonywithnature與自然和諧相處佳句1．With_the_number_of_cars_increasingfastinourcity，ourenvironmentisgettingincreasingworse.在我們的城市，隨著汽車數(shù)量的快速增長，我們的環(huán)境正急劇惡化.2．We'llhavenowheretoliveinthefutureunlesswetake_action_to_protecttheearthnow。如果我們現(xiàn)在不采取措施來保護地球，將來我們會無處生存。3．It_is_well-known_thattheglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasinglyseveremainlyduetoglobalwarming。眾所周知，由于全球變暖,全球水資源短缺問題正變得日益嚴重。[精美語篇］Say“No”toPlasticBagsSinceJune1st，2008,plasticbagsarenolongerprovidedforfreeinthesupermarkets。Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonthismatter。AsfarasIamconcerned,thegovernmentistakingstepstoprotectourlivingenvironment.It’struethatplasticbagsmakepeople’sshoppingmoreconvenient.However，mostpeoplejustthrowthemawayafterusingthem,anddon'tknowhowtodealwiththem.What’sworse，itwilltakealongtimeforplasticbagstobreakdown。Asaresult，theycancauseseriouspollutionanddogreatharmtooursurroundings,thentopeople’shealth。Personallyspeaking，Ifullyagreewiththispolicy。Afterall,itisgoodforourenvironment。Andwecouldusebagsmadeofpaperorclothinsteadofplasticbagswhenshopping。高頻單詞1．consume(vt.）消費；消耗；耗盡；吃完→consumer(n。)消費者→consumption（n。)消費;消耗量2．phenomenon(n.）現(xiàn)象→phenomena（pl。）現(xiàn)象3．quantity(n.)量；數(shù)量→quality（n。)質(zhì)量4．tend(vi。）趨向；易于;照顧（vt。）照顧；護理→tendency（n.)傾向;趨勢5．oppose(vt。）反對；反抗；與（某人）較量→opposed（adj.)反對的；對立的6．mild（adj。）溫和的;溫柔的；淡的→mildly（adv.)溫柔地；溫和地7．consequence（n。）結(jié)果;后果;影響→consequent（adj。)隨后發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequently(adv.）因此；所以8．state（vt。）陳述；說明→statement（n.）說明；說法;表白9．steady(adj。)平穩(wěn)的;持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的→steadily（adv.)平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地10．existence(n.）生存；存在→exist（vi。）存在11．commitment(n。）承諾；信奉→commit（vt。）承諾;保證12．pollution（n。）弄臟；污染→pollute（vt。)弄臟;污染13．growth(n。）生長；增長→grow（v.）生長;增長14．contribution（n。)貢獻→contribute（v.)貢獻；投稿重點短語1．come_about發(fā)生;造成2．rather_than而不是3．subscribe_to同意；贊成；訂購4．quantities_of大量的5．go_up上升;增長；升起6．result_in導致7．be_opposed_to反對……8．even_if即使9．keep_on繼續(xù)10．on_the_whole大體上；基本上11．on_behalf_of代表……一方；作為……的代言人12．put_up_with忍受;容忍13．so_long_as只要14．a(chǎn)nd_so_on等等2017選修6Unit4Globalwarming熱點句型1．連詞＋分詞（whencomparedto/with)Thatprobablydoesnotseemmuchtoyouorme,butitisarapidincreasewhen_compared_to（當與……相比的時候)othernaturalchanges.(教材P26)2．Thereisnodoubtthat。..“毫無疑問……”There_is_no_doubt_that（毫無疑問)theearthisbecomingwarmer.。.（教材P26)3．evenif引導讓步狀語從句Even_if(即使)westartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.（教材P27)4．a(chǎn)s/solongas引導條件狀語從句；ifnot省略句ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonso_long_as（只要）youareusingit－if_not(如果不）,turnitoff?。ń滩腜30）教材復現(xiàn)在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.1．Getyourparents________(buy)thingsthatareeconomicalwithenergy.答案:tobuygetsb。todosth.“讓某人做某事”。2．Allscientistssubscribetotheview________theincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels。答案：thatthat引導同位語從句，解釋說明view的內(nèi)容。3．Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendsto________(trap)intheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup。答案：betrappedbetrappedin“被困在……;受困于……”.4．Itistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuels________hasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.答案：that該句為強調(diào)句型。被強調(diào)部分為句子主語theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuels。5．Greenhousegasescontinuetobuild________intheatmosphere.答案：upbuildup“增加；逐步建立;累積”。6．Iamdoingaprojectonbehalf________myschoolaboutglobalwarming。答案：ofonbehalfof“代表……”.7．Together,individualscanmakeadifference.Wedonothavetoputup________pollution.答案：withputupwith“忍受；容忍"。8．Getyourparentstobuythings________areeconomicalwithenergy.答案:that/which先行詞為things，定語從句中缺少主語,應填that/which。9．Ittakesalotofenergy________(make)thingsfromnewmaterials。答案：tomake考查Ittakes...todosth。句式。10．Talkwithyourfamilyandfriendsaboutglobalwarmingandtellthem________youhavelearned。答案：whatwhat引導賓語從句,且在從句中作learned的賓語.1quantityn．量；數(shù)量;大量Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.(P26）當我們向空氣中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的時候,問題就開始了.eq\a\vs4\al（alarge/smallquantityof大量/少量的,largequantitiesof大量的；許多的，inquantity大量地)①[2014·重慶高考]Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecamerasreturnedtoourshopforquantity_problems。生產(chǎn)商會定期來收回因質(zhì)量問題退回到我們店的照相機.②［牛津詞典］It'scheapertobuygoodsin_quantity。大量購物比較便宜。③[朗文詞典］Large_quantities_ofoilwerespillingintothesea。大量石油正溢入大海。－特別提示－aquantityof與quantitiesof這兩個短語后均可接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式.“aquantityof＋名詞"作主語時，其謂語動詞與名詞保持數(shù)的一致；而“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞總是用復數(shù)形式.④A_quantity_ofvegetableshavebeensuppliedforthecitizens.已為市民提供了大量的蔬菜.⑤Quantities_ofricehavebeenconveyedtothefloodedarea。大量的大米已運到遭受洪災的地區(qū)。2opposevt。反對；反抗Ontheotherhand，therearethose，likeGeorgeHambley，whoareopposedtothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair。（P27）在另一方面，還有一些人，像科學家喬治·漢布利,反對上面的觀點，他們認為我們不必擔心空氣中會有高含量的二氧化碳.(1)oppose(doing)sth。反對（做)某事（2）opposedadj.相反的；對立的beopposedto反對……(3）objectto反對……①［朗文詞典]CongressiscontinuingtoopposethePresident'shealthcarebudget.國會繼續(xù)反對總統(tǒng)的醫(yī)療保健預算.②［2014·四川高考]Thisis_opposed_tothe“earlybird”schedule.這與“早起”計劃截然相反。3rangen．種類;范圍；幅度；界限vi。（在一定范圍內(nèi)）變化；變動；排列Itwillmakeplantsgrowquicker；cropswillproducemore;itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals－allofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.（P27)它會使植物長得更快；莊稼產(chǎn)量更豐富，并且它會促進動物的生長——所有這些都能改變?nèi)祟惖纳?。?）awiderangeof。。。范圍廣泛的；各種各樣的in/withinrange在射程以內(nèi)；在范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange在射程外;在范圍外beyond/out_ofone’srange某人能力達不到的，某人知識以外的（2）rangefrom.。。to...在……范圍內(nèi)變動；包括(由……到……之間的)各類事物rangebetween。..and。..在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動①[2015·湖北高考］Toanswerthesequestions，Brookssurveysa_wide_range_ofdisciplines(學科)．為回答這些問題，Brooks調(diào)查了一系列廣泛的學科。②[2015·安徽高考]Incolonies（群體)thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillions，theyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivisionoflabor。在范圍從幾百到上百萬大小不等的群體中,螞蟻用明確的分工來組織它們的生活.③[必背佳句］Thepriceofthehouseiswellbeyond_our_range.這棟房子的價格遠遠超出了我們能承受的范圍。4glancevi看一下；瞥一眼；匆匆一看；掃視n．一瞥；掃視Glancequicklyatthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.(P27)迅速看一下雜志上的文章并回答問題。（1)glanceat/over/through瀏覽；匆匆地看一眼glanceoff擦過；掠過（2）ataglance立刻；一眼;(只）看一眼atfirstglance乍一看；乍看之下take/show/throwaglance（atsb./sth。)(朝某人/某物)一瞥；看一眼①［2015·重慶高考］Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses。她透過眼鏡低頭瞥了我一眼。②［2014·上海高考］Thismeansthatcustomerscanseeat_a_glancehowmuchfat，sugar，andsalteachproductcontainssimplybylookingatthelightsonthepackage。這就意味著顧客們只要看包裝上的指示燈一眼就能看出每一個產(chǎn)品含有多少脂肪、糖和鹽。③[必背佳句]At_first_glance,_theproblemseemseasy。However，lateryou'llfinditdifficulttoworkout.乍一看，這問題似乎很簡單，然而，隨后你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它很難解決。5averageadj。平均的;普通的n．平均；平均數(shù)vt。&vi。平均為；算出……的平均數(shù)Thegreenhouseeffectgivestheearth’ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃。溫室效應使地球表面的平均溫度保持在15℃.eq\a\vs4\al(the/anaverageof..?！钠骄鶖?shù)，onaverage平均地;通常,above/belowaverage高于/低于平均數(shù)/水平，uptoaverage達到平均數(shù)）①[2015·重慶高考］Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord，withglobaltemperature0.68℃above_the_average。去年是有記錄以來最暖和的一年,全球氣溫比平均溫度高0.68攝氏度.②[2014·浙江高考］An_average_ofjust18。75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.去年平均降水18。75厘米,使去年成為自1850年加利福尼亞成為一個州以來最干旱的一年。③[必背佳句］On_average，_peoplewhodon’tsmokearehealthierthanpeoplewhodo.通常，不吸煙的人比吸煙的人健康.6circumstancen．(pl。)環(huán)境;情況Recyclecans,bottles，plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstancesallowyouto.（P30）如果情況允許的話，回收容器、瓶子、塑料袋和報紙。eq\a\vs4\al(in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下；既然如此，in/undernocircumstances決不;無論如何都不置于句首時，句子倒裝）①［2014·湖北高考］Theoldruleshavetoberevisedbecausetheyonlyappliedtothecircumstancesthatexistedwhentheyweremadeahundredyearsago.老的規(guī)則要修改，因為它們僅適用于一百多年前制定時所適用的狀況。②[朗文詞典]Prisonerscanonlyleavetheircellsunder_certain_circumstances。只有在某些特定情況下囚犯才可以離開牢房。③［必背佳句]Under_no_circumstancescanyougiveup。你決不能放棄。過關(guān)演練單句語法填空在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．［2014·遼寧高考]Besides,Cleotendstobarkanaverage________sixhoursaday.答案：ofanaverageof“……的平均數(shù)”。2．Large________（quantity)ofwaterhavebeenpolluted,________hasabadeffectonpeople’shealth.答案：quantities；whichlargequantitiesof“許多；大量的”；which引導非限制性定語從句,指代前面一句話的內(nèi)容。3．[2014·安徽高考]Classicalmusic________（range)fromjazztopiecesforlargeorchestras。答案：ranges主語表示抽象概念，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。句意：古典音樂范圍從爵士樂到大樂團作品。rangefrom。。.to。.?！霸凇秶鷥?nèi)變動”。4．I’mstrongly________（oppose）toyourplan。答案：opposedbeopposedto“反對”。5．Thewitness________（state)thathehadnotseenthewomanbefore.答案:stated句意：這名證人陳述說他以前沒有見過這位女士.由句意可知應用一般過去時。6．[2014·重慶高考］Itisthe________（consequent)ofpeople’sunbalancedlifestyle。答案:consequence句意：它是人們不平衡的生活方式的后果。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應用名詞形式。7．Manypeopledonotbelievethe________(exist）oftheghosts.答案:existence句意：許多人不相信鬼魂的存在。由句意及空前the一詞可知應填名詞形式.8．[2014·山東高考］Roadtaxestend________(mean)thatpeopleusetheircarsless.答案：tomean句意:過路費往往意味著人們開始逐漸少用他們的私家車.tendtodo“傾向于做某事”。9．Itookaglance________thehallandfoundmanyfamiliarfacesamongtheaudience.答案:attakeaglanceat“瞥一眼；看一眼”。10．Wemustmakeacontribution________(protect)theenvironment。答案:toprotectingmakeacontributiontosth./doing“為……做貢獻”。1comeabout發(fā)生；造成Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter？(P26）那么，這種溫度的增長是怎么產(chǎn)生的呢？會有什么影響嗎?eq\a\vs4\al（comeacross偶遇,comeintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生;出現(xiàn)，comeintopower上臺執(zhí)政;當權(quán)，comeintoeffect生效，comeout出版；結(jié)果是；發(fā)芽，comeupwith提出；想出，whenitcomesto。.。當談到……時)①［牛津詞典］Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_about?你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？②[2014·福建高考]Iwasamazedthathe'dcome_up_withsuchasweetidea.我很吃驚他會想出如此好的主意。③[2015·安徽高考］Infact,when_it_comes_totheartofwar,antshavenoequal。事實上，當談到戰(zhàn)爭的藝術(shù)時，螞蟻是沒有對手的。④Whenreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience，weoftencome_acrossdifficultorunfamiliarwords。閱讀與科學相關(guān)的文章時，我們常常碰到難詞或生詞.易混辨析comeabout“發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生”，指要求解釋或說明事情發(fā)生的理由。經(jīng)常與how連用happen“發(fā)生”，常用詞匯，指偶然的、意外的、具體客觀事物的發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)，尤其指自發(fā)的未能預見的事情發(fā)生takeplace“發(fā)生”，指事件或事故的發(fā)生是在預料中的并非是偶然的，進而引申為按計劃“進行；舉行”breakout指戰(zhàn)爭、火災、疾病等的突然“發(fā)生;爆發(fā)”⑤用comeabout，happen，takeplace,breakout的正確形式填空a．Noonecanunderstandhowit________。b．Whatwill________next？c．Awar________betweentwocountries.d．Greatchangeshave________inourhometown。答案：a.cameaboutb．happenc．brokeoutd．takenplace2resultin導致Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.(P26)他們還贊同下述觀點，正是由于越來越多地燃燒化石燃料導致了二氧化碳的增加.eq\a\vs4\al（resultfrom由……造成，asaresult結(jié)果,asaresultof由于……的原因,withoutresult沒有結(jié)果；白費)①[2014·湖北高考］Ilearnedthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishmentwouldresult_inadisaster.我知道了大聲喊叫及懲罰的威脅會導致一種災難。②［2014·廣東高考］As_a_result_ofhiswork，Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean。由于他工作的原因，Ebbesmeyer作為一個可以回答關(guān)于海洋中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的漂浮的不同尋常的物體的問題的科學家而聞名.③［必背佳句］However,pollutionandotherseriousproblemshavealsoresulted_fromhumanprogress.但是，人類的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生了污染和其他嚴重的問題。3putupwith容忍；忍受Wedonothavetoputupwithpollution。（P30)我們沒有必要忍受污染.eq\a\vs4\al(putaside節(jié)省;儲蓄；儲存，putaway收起來,putforward提出建議;把……向前撥,putoff延期；推遲，putout熄滅；撲滅，puton穿上;上演，putup建造；張貼；供給……住宿)①[朗文詞典］Sheput_up_withhisviolenttemper。她忍受了他暴躁的脾氣。②［2015·課標全國卷Ⅱ]Thisyear，25，310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveput_offtheirentryuntilnextyear。今年,25310名已在高等教育機構(gòu)中取得一席之地的學生們推遲入學一年。③[北師大⑤－15］Weonceput_onaperformanceofHamlet。我們曾上演過《哈姆雷特》.④Whoput_forwardatheoryaboutblackholes?誰提出了黑洞理論?過關(guān)演練選詞填空putupwith；solongas;resultin；goup;evenif；beopposedto；comeabout；undernocircumstances1．[2014·重慶高考］Wesimplyweightoomuch，________alotofpressurethatmakesussink。答案：resultingin2．[2015·四川高考]________shehadaslicetoeat，sheneverbotheredtheoneonherhead。答案：Solongas3．________________shouldyouleavethehouse.答案：Undernocircumstances4．Wewanttoknowhowit________thathumansspeaksomanydifferentlanguages.答案：cameabout5．“Iwillnot________yourbadbehaviouranylonger。”saidthegirlangrily.答案：putupwith6．[2015·湖北高考]________theconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobepunctual(準時的）．答案：Evenif7．Pricesoffoodinthatareahavebeen________sharplysincewordcamethatthewarwouldbreakoutsoon.答案：goingup8．Herparents________theprogramatfirst。Butnowtheybegintosupportit.答案:wereopposedto1ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonso_long_asyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff?。≒30）只要你在使用電器設備，你可以讓它開著，如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！so/aslongas“只要”，引導條件狀語從句。aslongas還可表示“與……一樣長”。語境助記①［2014·上海高考]Ibelievethatso/as_long_asIwasofferedagoodposition,Iwouldresignatonce。我相信,只要提供給我一個好的職位，我會立刻辭職的。②[朗文詞典］Youmayborrowthebookso_long_asyoukeepitclean。只要你不把書弄臟，就可以借走。③Thelineisfourtimesas_long_asthatone.這條線是那條線的四倍長。2Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.(P27）即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的排放量，在(未來)幾十年或幾個世紀內(nèi)，氣候仍會持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖.eq\x(evenif＝eventhough引導讓步狀語從句,意為“即使；縱使”。）引導讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有：（1)用although，though,eventhough,evenif等引導讓步狀語從句需置于句首，意思是“盡管；雖然”。(2）用while引導讓步狀語從句需置于句首，意思是“盡管；雖然”。（3）用whether..。or。.。引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“不管/無論……都”。(4）用whatever，whoever,however，whenever,wherever等引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“不管/無論什么/誰/怎樣……”。（5）用as引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“雖然，盡管”。用作此意時必須將表語、狀語或動詞原形提到as前面。語境助記①［2015·廣東高考]Even_thoughwecan’tliveforever,wearelivingalongerlifethaneverbefore。即使我們不能永遠活著，但我們可以比以前活得時間長.②[2015·福建高考］Thoughwe'rebornstupid，onlythestupidremainthatway。雖然我們生來就愚蠢，但只有愚蠢的人仍然這樣。③［牛津詞典］WhileIamwillingtohelp，Idonothavemuchtimeavailable。盡管我愿意幫忙,但沒有多少時間。④［朗文詞典]Tryasshemight，Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.無論Sue怎樣努力，她就是打不開門。⑤Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo。無論她要求他做什么，他都會去做.過關(guān)演練Ⅰ。單句語法填空在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）1．________breaksthelawwillbepunished。答案:Whoever句意：無論誰違法都要受到懲罰.whoever引導讓步狀語從句且在從句中作主語。2．[2015·北京高考]Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficultas________asyoukeeppracticingit.答案:longaslongas“只要”.3．Whethergoout________stayinthedormdependsontheweather。答案：orwhether。。。or...“無論……還是……都”。4．［2013·江西高考］WhenIwasachild，IcouldwatchTV________Iwantedto.答案：whenever句意：我小的時候,無論什么時候想看電視都能看。結(jié)合句意知填whenever引導狀語從句。5．Happy________theywere，therewassomethingmissing.答案：as/though句意：盡管他們很快樂，但總?cè)鄙冱c什么。當as意為“雖然；盡管”引導讓步狀語從句時需將表語、狀語或動詞原形提到as前面。though也有此用法。Ⅱ.完成句子1．[2014·北京高考]________________youhavedirectcontroloveryourgoal,youhaveamuchhigherchanceofsuccess.只要你可以掌控自己的目標，你成功的機會就會更大。答案：As/Solongas2．________________as________________，hemakeslittleprogress.盡管他工作努力,但進步很小。答案：Hard;heworks3．Youhavetostudyhard________________youareveryclever。即使你很聰明，也得努力學習.答案：evenif/thoughit的用法（2）It用于強調(diào)句型中1．Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who，這個句型中，強調(diào)主語、賓語、介詞短語及狀語都可以。ImetTomintheparkyesterday?！鶬tw