高中英語高考it用法講與練

高中英語高考it用法講與練l)It'sWednesdaytoday.

★1.指代作用2)ItisDecember24.

?⑴用作人稱代詞，代替前文或后文所提到的該動(dòng)物，事情或東西(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名3)Itisabout300kilometersfromChongqingtoChengdu.

詞)。4)Itiscloudy/rainy/snowy/windytoday.

l)Thisisanewminibus.Iboughtitlastweek.5)Itwillrain/snow/blowhardtomorrow.

2)Wesawapandaatthefootofthemountainyesterday.Itwaseatingsomefreshbamboothen.6)Itisnoisyattheneighborhoodatthemoment.

3)——Wherehaveyouputtherice?7)——Howmuchistheleatherjacket?

——Iputitinthecupboardtwodaysago,butitisgone.——It's800dollars.

代替前面的整個(gè)句子。

?(2)★2.形式作用

l)Tomjoinedtheairforcelastyear.Doyouknowaboutit?

?⑴形式主語：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式、doing形式或從句作主語時(shí)，通常把它們放在謂語之后，而用

2)Whenthefactoryshutsdown,itwillmeanabout9000workerslosingtheirjobs.

it作句子的形式主語。

3)Itissaidthatherauntdiedoflung/livercancer,butitisn'ttrue.

l)Ifsimportanttomasteroneortwoforeienlarquaees.

?Itissaidthatherauntdiedoflung/livercancer,whichisn'ttrue.(定語從句)

2)Itisgoodnottsspendtoomuchtimebeforethecomouter.

4)Mrs.Greenadvisedherhusbandstronglythatheshouldstopsmoking,butitdidn'thelp/work.

3)Itisagreathonor(forus)tobeinvitedtoyouroueninqceremony.

?Mrs.Greenadvisedherhusbandstronglythatheshouldstopsmoking,whichdidn'thelp/work.

4)Itseemsapitytocallofftheconcert.

(定語從句)

5)IthasbeendecidedtoputofftheconferencetillJanuary29.

?(3)用以代替指示代詞this或thato

6)Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimtalklikethat.

1)——Whafsthat/this?

Itsacamera.7)Itisgoodmanners(forus)tolettheoldtake011rseats.(做什么是有禮貌)

2)——Whoserecorderisthis/that?8)Itisbadmanners(foryou)toabuseyourteachers.(做什么是沒有禮貌)

--Itistheirs.9)Itwilltakeyouabouttenhourstopaintthefencearoundtheschool.

?(4)代替不能或沒有必要區(qū)分性別的或某些習(xí)慣說法中的人。如嬰兒、敲門時(shí)、打電話時(shí)。10)Itis(a)wasteoftime/moneytowatch/watchingsolongTVplays.

l)Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.?在下列兩個(gè)句型中it是形式主語，不定式是真正主語；ofsb和forsb是不定式的邏輯主語：

2)——Whoisknockingatthedoor?AVhoisthat?

a.Itis/was+形容詞(ofsb)todosth.

----Ifsme/Kate.

(贊揚(yáng)，責(zé)備的形容詞通常用ofsb作邏輯主語：wrong,right,kind,nice,brave,

3)---Whoisthat(speaking)?

careful,careless,greedy,honest,lazy,modest,selfish,thoughtful,

一It/Thisisme/Mike(speaking).

impolite,polite,clever,foolish,silly,stupid,cruel,rude,generous,

?(5)用作非人稱代詞，指時(shí)間、日期、距離、自然現(xiàn)象(天氣、氣候、明暗)、量度、溫度、

considerate...)

價(jià)格、重量、環(huán)境等。

b.Itis/was+形容詞(forsb)todosth.

(以下形容詞通常用forsb作邏輯主語：easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,以上動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)有賓語(句中it即為其賓語)。it后的when/if從句不是賓語

impossible,possible,safe,dangerous,unusual,wonderful…。多數(shù)情況都用for從句，而是狀語從句，when的意思是“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”，if的意思是“假如"o

sb作邏輯主語。)【例句見不定式23頁】1)1wouldpreferitifyoudidn'ttellanyoneaboutmydaughter'smarriage.

?Itisuselessdoing...;做…無用(nogood/use,helpless同)2)Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldgivemesomesuggestion。

l)Ifsworthwhileworkingthewholenightontheproblem.(=towork)3)Mysondislikeditwhenshebehavedbadlyinfrontoftheelders.

2)It'snousecomplainingwithouttakingaction.4)1hateitwhenshecallsmeatwork-I'malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.

3)Itisuselessarguingwithhar.forshewillnotchangehermind.5)Fdappreciateifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.

?4)Thereisnouse(in)arguingwithher,forshewillnotchangehermind.

A.itB.youC.oneD.this

?5)Thereisnogood(in)spendingsomuchtimeplayingcomputergameseveryday.

6)HowwouldyoulikeifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecame

intotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?

?Itbe+形容詞/名詞/過去分詞+that句子.【it形式主語，that句子真正主語】

A.themB.oneC.thoseD.it

Itis/waswell-known[certain/clear/obvious/evident/likely/possible/impossible/unlikely/true/

?canhelpit:能防止或避免某事發(fā)生，可以/能夠的話，有辦法的話

fair/unfair/essential/appropriate/unbelievable]that.....

canJthelpit:不能防止或避免某事發(fā)生

Itis/wasnecessary[important/natural/strange/surprising/annoying/disappointing/upsetting/

l)Don'thangaroundinthisdistrictifyoucanhelpit.

frightening/good/better/best/curious/funny/right/wrong/advisable/desirable/necessary/

2)IfIcanhelpit,Idon'tlikeworkinglateintothenight.

urgent/vital/remarkable/sad/proper]that句子(should式虛擬語氣)

★3.強(qiáng)調(diào)作用：Itis/was...that/who......:(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

Itis/wassaid[thought/hoped/believed/considered/reported/suggested/advised/recommend/

【強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語】

decided/announced/arranged]that.....

Itbe(人、物、時(shí)間、地方)that句子。

Ithasbeenproved[said/reported/thought/hoped/believed/announced/suggested]that.....

Itbe(人)who句子。

Itis/wasapity[ashame>afact、awonder>amystery>asurprise>agood/badthing>

把下列句子的劃線部分分別變?yōu)閺?qiáng)調(diào)句：

anhonour>good/badnews>nowonder]that.....

1)Mr.GreenboughtaclockattheshoplastFriday.

?(2)形式賓語：代替不定式，doing,賓語從句。【例句見不定式】

2)Whatdidshesellyesterday?

find/think/consider/feel/suppose/makeit+形/名+to不定式：

3)Wedidn'tgoabroaduntilDecember23.

發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/使得做…是…

4)1amgoingtovisittheGreatWalltomorrow.

<find/think/consider/feel/suppose/makeit+形/名+that句子：

5)Sheleftschoolafterthemeetincwasover.

發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/使得…是???

1)1thinkitisthedriverwho/thatistoblameforthetrafficaccident.

?表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動(dòng)詞如appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,enjoy,prefer

2)John,ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkthathasmadehim

等后接由if或when等引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，往往在從句前加形式賓語it。

presidentofthecompany.

?3)ItmusthavebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.——Itwasonthesquareweflewkitessometimes.

4)Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.towhich

5)Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.26)Itwasabouttenminutesafterwearrivedatasmallvillageitbegantopourdown.

6)Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirace,buttheireducationthatcausesA.whenB.whereC.thatD.how

misunderstanding.27)Itwas80yearsbeforeChristopherColumbuscrossedtheAtlantic____________ZhengHesailedto

7)Well,maybeitisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.EastAfrica.A.whenB.thatC.afterD.since

8)ItwasaJapanesecarthatourmanagerboughtlastmonth.★4.幾個(gè)固定短語：

9)HaveyouseenthefilmUndertheHawthornTree?getit明白；理解；猜中；受罰

----Ofcourse,Ihave.Itwasinourvillagethatitwasmade.makeit成功；及時(shí)達(dá)到

10)ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverthatMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.putit表達(dá)；陳述

ll)Wasitonalonelyislandthathewassavedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?holdit別動(dòng)；稍等；別掛斷；就這樣

12)Itwasin1994thathegraduatedfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwentbacktohismotherland.manageit完成

13)ItwasafterthewarwasoverthatthesoldiersleftthenortheastofChina.meanit沒開玩笑；認(rèn)真

14)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.takeit認(rèn)為；忍受；忍耐

15)ItwasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathathemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.watchit注意；當(dāng)心;小心

【

NotuntilhecamebackfromAfrica,didhemeetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.]l)Hetriedtojumpoverthefenceandfinallyhemadeit.

。

16)Itwasbecausehiscarbrokedownonthewathathewaslatefortheconference.2)MaybewecanmakeittotheDeathValleybeforedark.

17)Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestisliteraturethathechosethecourse.3)1gavehimagentlehintandhedidn'tgetit.

18)ItwasRreenthatwepaintedallthedoorsatthehospital.4)Ifyoudon'tdobetterthanthatyou'llgetitintheneckfromMr.Smith.

19)Itwaschairmanthattheyelectedmyfatherlastmonth.5)Evenifyouareright,thafsnotthewaytoputit.

20)Sheaskedhowitwasthatherescuedthepeopletrappedintheflood.6)That,snotahardjob.I'msureIcanmanageitmyself.

21)Theofficerwonderswhereitwasthattheprisonersgottheguns.7)Youhavetowatchitwhenyoustepontotheice.

22)Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess.Iwanttoknowwhatitisthatyouwantmetosay.8)Kateisalwaysteasingherbrotherandunfortunatelyhecan'ttakeit.

23)Wedon'tknowwhenitwasthatthethieftookallthemoneyaway.9)Whenwesaywewillworkharder,wemeanit.

[20-23句的賓語從句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。】★5.幾個(gè)含有it的固定句型：

24)Wheredidyoumeetwithyourformerchemistryteacher?

?A.Itwilltake/be時(shí)間before+句子(用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))：將需要/過多少時(shí)間才做…

----ItwasatthefactoryIworked.

Ittook/was時(shí)間before+句子(用一般過去時(shí))：花費(fèi)/過了多少時(shí)間才做了???

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

l)ltwilltakelong/twentyminutesbeforeshefinishesthewashing.

25)——WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?

2)1'msorryyou'vebeenwaitingsolong,butit'llstillbesometimebeforeBriangetsback.

3)ltwaslong/fourmonthsbeforehecamebacktolife.

?B?Itis/hasbeen?.since...:從“■以來多久了

Itwas/hadbeen,,,since...:從…以來多久了

注意：此句型中如果since從句中謂語為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)翻譯為否定式。

l)ltis/hasbeentendayssincesheleftAfrica.

2)Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.

3)ltis/hasbeeneighteenyearssincehelivedinthecountryside.

4)ltis30dayssincethebabywasill.

5)ltwas/hadbeenfivehourssincetheycametothecity.

6)ltwas/hadbeensixweekssincetheoldmanwasill.

?C.強(qiáng)調(diào)句與定語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別:

在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語或者地點(diǎn)狀語的句子中，如把ltbe???that??■去掉，該句子仍然是正確的,

那該句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則就是其它句型。

l)Itwas14:28,May12,2008whentheearthquakehappened.（時(shí)間狀語從句）

2)Itwasat14:28,May12,2008thattheearthquakehappened.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）

3)Itwasthetheatrewherethepresidentwaskilledthismorning.（定語從句）

4)Itwasatthetheatrethatthepresidentwaskilledthismorning.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）

5)Itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootball

game.

A.thatB.asC.whichD.when

6)Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthecoachpicksuptourists.

A.whoB.whichC.whereD.thatIt等練習(xí)題

1.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinddifficulttotellonefromtheother.

A.itB.themC.herD.that

2.Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoosebasedonyourown

interests.

A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it

3.Wefeelourdutytomakeourcountryamorepowerfulcountry.

A.itB..thisC.thatD.oneA.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That

4.-----Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.17.worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.

------Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It

A.oneB.thisC.itD.that18.Hedidn'tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.

5.TheemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalA.thisB.thatC.itD.these

governmentstoincrease.19.1don'tmindhercriticizingme,butishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.

A.them.B.thoseC.itD.thatA.itB.thatC.thisD.which

6.Whydon'tyoubringtohisattentionthatyou'retooilltoworkon?20.——WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?

A.thatB.itC.hisD.him——Itwasonthesquareweflewkitessometimes.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.towhich

7.Ifsnotwhatwedoonceinawhileshapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently

21.TheinformationontheInternetgetsaroundmuchmorerapidlythaninthenewspaper.

A.whichB.thatC.howD.when

A.itB.thoseC.oneD.that

8.Thedoctorthoughtwould,begoodforyoutohaveaholidayinthecountrysidewhere

22.Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.

theairwasfresher..

-----Whenwas?

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it----------------------------wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.

9.ThefactthatshewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountryA.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It

AsoB.muchC.thatD.it23.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemadeherdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople's

10.Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.affairsinthattown.

A.itB.thatC.whatD.oneA.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

24.rdappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

11.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi'anishigherthaninanyotherareaofthecity.

A.thatB.it.C.thisD.you

A.thatB.thisC.itD.one

25.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressedtoand

12.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneyto

thenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.

buy.

A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself

A.oneB.itC.thisD.that

26.Itwasn'tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager'sreply.

76.Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthan

A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that

whoarenot.

27.1hopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.

A.onesB.thoseC.theseD.them

A.itB.thoseC.themD.one

14.Ourneighborsgaveababybirdyesterdaythathurtwhenitfellfromitsnest.

28.ThedoctoradvisedDavidthatheshouldtakeaholiday,butdidn'thelp.

A.us;itB.us;itselfC.ourselves;itselfD.ourselves;it

A.itB.whichC.sheD.that

15.Isn'titamazinghowthehumanbodyhealsafteraninjury?

29.1preferaflatinParistoinPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom's.

A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this

16.feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.

30.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems-infactfarmoreseriousthanmobilephonesdo.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.thoseA.doesn'tthereB.doesitC.doesn'titD.isn'tit

31.We'vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven'tfoundwelikeyet.45.--Doyouallowsmokingintheoffice?

A.oneB.onesC.itD.them----No.smokingherewillbefined.

32.Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.heistiredout.A.WhoeverB.AnyoneC.WhoD.Anyonewho

A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway46.Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?

33.Knowledgefromreallifeisn'teasiertoforgetthanachievedfromtextbooks.----Yes.I'mgoingtoapeacefulplace,especiallysuitablefbrrelaxation.

A.itB.thatC.oneD.thoseA.oneB.theoneC.thatD.this

34.1dislikewhenotherslaughatmeinpublicorthinkpoorlyofmebehind.47.StudyingWendy'smenu,IfoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilartoofMcDonald's.

A.thatB.thoseC.itD.themA.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all

48.Sarahmadetotheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.

35.“Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan'tfindarepairshop.”"Iknow

A.herselfB.thisC.thatD.it

nearby.Comeon,I'llshowyou.^^

49.Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutwasavailablefromthatshop.

A.oneB.itC.someD.that

A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither

36.ThereisonlyoneEnglish-Chinesedictionaryinthatbook-shop.Iwonderifyoustillwanttobuy

50.Ifyou'rebuyingtoday'spaperfromthestand,couldyougetforme?

A.oneB.suchC.thisD.that

A.itB.oneC.anotherD.any

51.Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?

37.Willyouseetothatmyc