Unit 4 Inventions【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)單元速記•巧練(牛津滬教版)_第1頁(yè)
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第頁(yè)Unit4InventionsUnit1話題發(fā)明物詞匯1.advertisement/?d?v??t?sm?nt/n.廣告

2.funny/?f?ni/adj.滑稽的;好笑的

3.create/kri?e?t/v.創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作

4.telephone/?tel?f??n/n.電話;電話機(jī)

5.wheel/wi?l/n.車輪;輪子

6.comfortable/?k?mft?bl/adj.使人舒服的;舒適的

7.carriage/?k?r?d?/n.(舊時(shí)載客的)四輪馬車

8.century/?sent??ri/n.世紀(jì)

9.passenger/?p?s?nd??(r)/n.乘客;旅客

10.invent/?n?vent/v.發(fā)明;創(chuàng)造

11.practical/?pr?kt?kl/adj.有用的;適用的

12.since/s?ns/prep.從……以后;自……以來(lái)

13.distance/?d?st?ns/n.距離;間距

14.mobilephonen.移動(dòng)電話;手機(jī)

15.anytime/'en?ta?m/adv.在任何時(shí)候;隨便什么時(shí)候

16.develop/d??vel?p/v.開(kāi)發(fā);研制

17.lamp/l?mp/n.燈

18.candle/?k?ndl/n.蠟燭

19.daytime/?de?ta?m/n.白天;日間

20.dust/d?st/n.灰塵;塵土

21.special/?spe?l/adj.特別的;特殊的

22.wing/w??/n.(飛行器的)翅膀;機(jī)翼

23.introduction/??ntr??d?k?n/n.引言

24.petrol/?petr?l/n.汽油

短語(yǔ)1.insteadof代替;作為……的替換

2.sincethen自那以來(lái)

3.keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系

4.inthedaytime在白天

5.keep...off使……不接近(或不接觸、遠(yuǎn)離)……

6.atthesametime同時(shí)

7.throwaway扔掉

8.turninto變成

9.allthetime始終;一直

10.makeamess搞得一團(tuán)糟;制造混亂

11.keepadiary寫(xiě)日記

句型1.Thewheelisperhapsthegreatestinventioninhistory.

輪子也許是歷史上最偉大的發(fā)明。

2.Afteritsinvention,travellingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.

自從發(fā)明它以后,旅行變得更快更舒適了。

3.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletospeaktoeachotheroverlongdistances.

從那時(shí)起,人們就可以遠(yuǎn)距離交談了。

4.Theyallowpeopletokeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.

他們?cè)试S人們隨時(shí)隨地保持聯(lián)系。

5.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem?

你能想象沒(méi)有它們的生活嗎?

6.WhogotthebestmarkinArt?

誰(shuí)的美術(shù)成績(jī)最好?

7.Alice’shomeisfarther/furtherfromschoolthanDaisy’s.

艾麗絲的家比黛西的家距離學(xué)校遠(yuǎn)。

8.Martin’shomeisthefarthest/furthestfromschool.

馬丁的家距離學(xué)校最遠(yuǎn)。

9.Thefirstcomputerwasasbigasaroom.

第一臺(tái)電腦有一個(gè)房間那么大。

10.Withlightbulbs,peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningastheycaninthedaytime.

有了燈泡,人們可以在晚上做很多事情,就像他們可以在白天做很多事情一樣。

11.Acandledoesnotproduceasmuchlightasalightbulb.

蠟燭產(chǎn)生的光不如燈泡多。

12.Youcangotofartherplacesinashortertime.

你可以在更短的時(shí)間內(nèi)去更遠(yuǎn)的地方。

13.Sharinginformationisaloteasierwiththehelpofpaper.

有了紙的幫助,共享信息就容易多了。

語(yǔ)法good,badandfar的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)寫(xiě)作描寫(xiě)我的發(fā)明物要點(diǎn)1allowallow作為及物動(dòng)詞,意為“允許,準(zhǔn)許”,后接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ),通常不接不定式,allow

doing

sth“允許做某事”常用結(jié)構(gòu)如下:(1)allowdoingsth.允許做某事(2)allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事(3)allowsb.sth.讓某人擁有某物(尤指錢或時(shí)間)(4)allow+that...承認(rèn)……【典例分析】1.Driversshouldn'tbeallowed___________afterdrinking,ortheywillbreakthelaw.A.driveB.drivingC.todriveD.drove【答案】C。allowsbtodo允許某人做某事。其被動(dòng)形式。Beallowedtodosth.故答案選C。2.Wedon’tallow________inthelibrary.A.make B.making C.tomake D.made【答案】B。allowdoingsth.允許做某事。故答案選B3.Mymother______us______TVafterwefinishedourhomework.A.

allow;watch

B.

allow;watching

C.

allowed;towatch

D.

allowed;watching【答案】C解析:句意:我們做完作業(yè)后,媽媽允許我們看電視。根據(jù)afterwefinishedourhomework,可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),allowsbtodo,固定搭配,允許某人做某事,故選C。4.Ourteacherdoesn’tallowus________ourmobilephonetoschool.A.bring B.tobring C.bringing D.brought【答案】B【解析】句意:我們的老師不允許我們把手機(jī)帶到學(xué)校。本題考查固定用法。A.bring動(dòng)詞原形;B.tobring動(dòng)詞不定式;C.bringing動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞;D.brought過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。根據(jù)固定用法allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事;準(zhǔn)許某人做某事??芍丝展侍顃obring。故選B。5.完成句子1)事實(shí)不允許有其他的解釋。Thefacts_________nootherexplanation.【答案】allow2)這項(xiàng)規(guī)定不允許在教室吃東西。Theruledoesn'tallow__________intheclassrooms.【答案】eating3)我父母不允許我晚上出去。Myparentsdon't______________________gooutatnight.=I__________________________________gooutat要點(diǎn)1sincethen要點(diǎn)2sincesince的用法(1)作為介詞,意為“自……以來(lái)”,后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),可以和“for+時(shí)間段”互換。Ihaveknownhimsince10yearsago.自從10年前我就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。=Ihaveknownhimfor10years.我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)有10年了。(2)作為連詞,意為“自……以來(lái)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(3)作為連詞,還可譯為“由于;既然”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,表示很明顯的原因。1.Theyoungmanhasn’tdonemuchexercisesincehegotamobilephone.年青人自從買手機(jī)以來(lái),就不做大量運(yùn)動(dòng)了。2.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginthemeeting.既然人都齊了,我們就開(kāi)會(huì)吧?!镜淅治觥?.It’salmosteightyearswesaweachotherlasttime.Asince B.before C.after D.when【答案】A【解析】句意:自從我們上次見(jiàn)面以來(lái)已經(jīng)快八年了。考查連詞辨析。A.since自從……以來(lái);B.before在……之前;C.after在……之后;D.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候。本句為固定用法,即It’s+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的句子。故選A。2.—Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?—________about5years________myfamilymovedtothecity.Since;for B.For;since C.For;for D.Since;since【答案】B【解析】句意:——你住在這里有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了?——自從我家搬到這座城市有五年了??疾榻樵~、連詞辨析。since自從,可以作介詞或者連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;for介詞,后面可跟一段時(shí)間。作連詞時(shí)可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。第一個(gè)空后about5years是名詞短語(yǔ),表示一段時(shí)間,故用介詞For;第二個(gè)空后是一個(gè)從句,表示時(shí)間,應(yīng)用since引導(dǎo)。故選B。3.Sincethen,we______inNewYork.A.lived B.liveC.havelived D.areliving【答案】C【解析】sincethen“自從那時(shí)以來(lái)”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志。故答案選C。4.______you’retired,you’dbetterstayathomeandhavearest.A.SinceB.Or C.Though D.Till【答案】A【解析】句意:既然你累了,你最好呆在家里休息一下。since,從句表示明顯的或已為人所知的理由,常譯為“因?yàn)?;既然?.—Whydidn’tyougototheparty?—______Iwasn’tinvited.A.As B.Since C.Because D.So【答案】C【解析】回答why的句子只能用because。because表示直接原因,著重點(diǎn)在從句,它所指的原因通常是聽(tīng)話人所不知道的,語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。常用來(lái)回答why的提問(wèn).這里就不能用since和as6.Hehasworkedevenhardersincehe______inlovewithher.A.hasfallen B.fellC.falling D.falls【答案】B【解析】since“自從”引導(dǎo)的從句用過(guò)去時(shí),表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。要點(diǎn)3frightenfrighten是動(dòng)詞,意為“使驚恐;使害怕”,后面常接名詞或代詞。例如:Thesuddennoisefrightenedme.突如其來(lái)的噪音嚇了我一跳?!就卣埂縡righten的形容詞有兩個(gè):(1)frightened意為“驚嚇的;害怕的”,常用來(lái)修飾表示人的名詞,常用句型有:befrightenedof...意為“害怕……”;befrightenedtodo...意為“害怕做……”。frightening意為“令人恐懼的;引起驚恐的”,常用來(lái)修飾表示事物的名詞。例如:Iamfrightenedofdogs.我怕狗。Thefrighteningvoicewasfromtheoldhouse.那恐怖的聲音是從那所舊房子傳來(lái)的?!镜淅治觥?.Iamfrightened_______speakEnglishinclass,becauseIamafraid_______beinglaughedat.A.to;ofB.of;toC.in;ofD.of;in【答案】befrightenedtodosth.害怕做某事,to后加動(dòng)詞原形。befrightenedofsth.害怕某事,of后加名詞或者動(dòng)名詞。2.我害怕夜晚出去I________________________________________outatnight.=I_____________________________________________outatnight【答案】amfrightenedtogo/amfrightenedofgoing3.當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到這個(gè)令人害怕的消息,他感到很害怕。Whenheheardthe__________news,hefeltvery___________【答案】frighteningfrightened要點(diǎn)4keepkeep…off意為“使……不接近(或不接觸、遠(yuǎn)離)……”。例如:Keepoffthegrass.勿踏草坪。Keeptheshipofftheshore.不要讓船靠岸。Shewearssunglassestokeepthesunoff.她帶上太陽(yáng)鏡遮住陽(yáng)光?!局攸c(diǎn)】keep的用法:1).keep+名詞/形容詞保持……Runningisagoodwaytokeephealthy.跑步是保持健康的一種好方法。2).keep+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞使……保持某種狀態(tài)Wemustkeeptheroomclean.我們必須保持這個(gè)房間干凈。3).keep(on)doingsth.不斷地做某事Ikept(on)thinkingaboutthematchintheafternoon.我總是想著下午的比賽。4).keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事Ikeptthemwaitingatthegate.我讓他們?cè)诖箝T(mén)口一直等著。5).keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.防止或阻止某人/物做某事 Wemustkeepthemfromgettingtoknowourplans.我們必須設(shè)法防止他們知道我們的計(jì)劃。拓展:keep構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)keepdoingsth一直做某事keepsb/sthdoingsth使某人/某事一直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepupwith跟上keepinmind記住keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)絡(luò)keepon繼續(xù)【典例分析】1.使勁跑,別停!Just____________________,don’tstop!【答案】keeprunning。keep(on)doingsth.不斷地做某事2.我們要盡力保持臥室清潔整齊。Weshouldtryto__________thebedroom__________andtidy.【答案】keepclean。keep+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞使……保持某種狀態(tài)3.疾風(fēng)阻止我們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)。Thestrongwindkeepsus____________________toschool.【答案】fromgoing。keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事4.這條白線是用來(lái)警告人們不許靠近的。Thewhitelineisusedfor_______________________________.【答案】keepingpeopleoff/away5.記得經(jīng)常保持聯(lián)絡(luò)。Remember__________________________________________eachotheroften.【答案】tokeepintouchwith6.別掉隊(duì),跟上別人!Don’tfallbehind,_________________________others.【答案】keepupwith7.大雨使我們踢不了球。Theheavyrain___________us______________________football.【答案】stoppedfromplaying。stop…from表示阻止。。。做某事。8.Asweallknow,it’snotpolitetokeepothers_________foralongtime.A.wait B.waited C.towait D.waiting【答案】D這題考查非謂語(yǔ)的用法:keepsbdoing“讓某人一直做某事”,句意是:我們都知道,讓別人等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間是不禮貌的。選D。要點(diǎn)5:funnyfunny滑稽的;有趣的funny形容詞,意為“滑稽的有趣的;好笑的~,指人或事滑稽可笑,常用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式分別為funnier,funniest.例:Hetoldussomefunnystories.他給我們講了一些有趣的故事,Sometimesheisfunny,butsometimesheseemslikeapoet.有時(shí)他很滑槽,但有時(shí)他又像個(gè)詩(shī)人,Thejokeisnotfunny.那個(gè)笑話并不好笑。知識(shí)拓展1)funny的名詞形式是fun,意為“娛樂(lè);有趣的事”,主要指某事“有趣,好玩”.例:There'splentyoffunforallthefamily.有許多供全家玩的娛樂(lè)。2)Havefun意為“玩得開(kāi)心;過(guò)得快樂(lè);玩樂(lè)”,與“haveagoodtime”“enjoyoneself"同義。例:Disneylandisagoodplacetohavefun.迪士尼樂(lè)園是一個(gè)玩樂(lè)的好地方。DidyouhavefuninBeijing?你在北京玩得開(kāi)心嗎?③havefun后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞形式Havefundoingsth.意為“做某事很開(kāi)心/高興”。例:Doesshereallyhavefungettingtogetherwithherfriendsinherplace?她在家里和朋友聚會(huì)真的很開(kāi)心嗎?【習(xí)慣搭配】havefundoingsth.做某事很開(kāi)心/高興makefunof嘲弄【典例分析】1.-I'mgoingtoMary'sbirthdayparty.Bye,Mom.—_________,David!A.BestwishesB.HavefunC.TakecareC.Noproblem【答案】B【解析】可用情景交際法解答本題。havefun“玩得愉快”。故選B.2.We

went

to

the

beach

last

Sunday,and

we

had

great

fun

_______

volleyball.

A.play

B.playing

C.played

D.to

play【答案】B

【解析】have

fun“過(guò)得高興”,其后跟V-ing形式。3.她總是玩得很開(kāi)心。(翻譯)【答案】shealwayshasfun.=shealwayshasagoodtime.4.取笑別人是不禮貌的。___________________________othersisimpolite.【答案】Makingfunof5.他講了一個(gè)好笑的故事。Hetolda_______________story.【答案】funny.funny滑稽的好笑的。形容詞修飾名詞。6.玩得開(kāi)心havefun=_______________=_______________.【答案】havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime7.開(kāi)某人的玩笑;取笑某人makefunof=_______________=_______________【答案】makefunof=playjokeson=laughat取笑某人,注意他們之間還是有一些區(qū)別。laughat著重是在語(yǔ)言上嘲笑。playjokeson作弄某人。行為上,語(yǔ)言上。要點(diǎn)6createcreate

v.創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作Writeashortarticleaboutanewinventionthatyouwillcreate.

寫(xiě)一篇短文,描述你將創(chuàng)造的一個(gè)新發(fā)明。【拓展】creation創(chuàng)造物,作品ncreator創(chuàng)造者ncreative有創(chuàng)造力的adjcreativity創(chuàng)造力nThecreatorcreatedthecreation.Heiscreative.

這個(gè)創(chuàng)造者創(chuàng)作了這個(gè)作品,他很有創(chuàng)造力?!舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【典例分析】1.Youcan_______________awebsiteforyourclass.2.Thebathroomisentirelymyown_______________.3.Likesomany_______________people,hewasneversatisfied.【答案】:1.create動(dòng)詞。句意:你能為你的班級(jí)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。2.這個(gè)浴室完全是我個(gè)人的創(chuàng)作。creation名詞。創(chuàng)造物3.正如許多有創(chuàng)造力的人一樣,他永不滿足。creative有創(chuàng)建性的要點(diǎn)7comfortablecomfortable

adj.使人舒服的;舒適的Afteritsinvention,travellingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.

在車輪發(fā)明之后,旅行變得更加迅速,更加舒適?!締卧~解析】comfortable是形容詞,其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)分別為:morecomfortable和mostcomfortable。IfeelmorecomfortableafterIopenthewindow.

打開(kāi)窗戶之后,我感到更加舒服了?!就卣埂縞omfortably

adv.舒適地

uncomfortable

adj.使人不舒服的?!舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【典例分析】1.Shelivesahappyand_______________life.2.Thankyouforyourletterto_______________me.3.Thecaris_______________thanthatone.【答案】:1comfortable她過(guò)著幸福而舒適的生活。修飾名詞用形容詞。2.comfort謝謝你來(lái)信安慰我。Comfort動(dòng)詞安慰。3.morecomfortable形容詞比較級(jí)。要點(diǎn)8inventinvent&createinvent作為動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)明;創(chuàng)造”,常指發(fā)明以往沒(méi)有的東西。ThomasEdisoninventedmanyusefulthingsinhiswholelife.湯瑪斯愛(ài)迪生一生中發(fā)明了很多有用的東西。create作為動(dòng)詞,意為“創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作”,其后常接painting,song等文藝作品。ThefamouspaintingwascreatedbyZhangZeduan.這幅名畫(huà)是張擇端創(chuàng)作的。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)或找到”某種自然界本來(lái)就存在,但以前未被人類發(fā)現(xiàn)或認(rèn)識(shí)的事物,也可指出乎意料地發(fā)現(xiàn)某物。Idiscoveredanunopenedletterinthedrawer.我在抽屜里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一封未拆的信。圖解辨異:discover,invent【典例分析】1.用discover,create和invent填空1)Gilbert___________electricityandEdison___________theelectriclightbulb.【答案】discoveredinvented2)Couldyoupleasetellusaboutthefourgreat___________(發(fā)明)ofChina?【答案】inventions3)Ifyoucould________somethingnew,whatproductwouldyoudevelop?【答案】invent4)He’sarealperson,not__________nadream.【答案】invented虛構(gòu)5)CaiLun___________thepaper.【答案】invented6)Anartistshould___________beautifulthings.【答案】discover/create7)Itispeoplewho___________history.【答案】create8).Doyouknowwho________theplane?【答案】invented9)He________quiteanumberofwonderfulcharactersinhisplay.【答案】created2.Edison,thegreat_______(invent),has_______(invent)over1,000_________(invent)inhislife.【答案】:inventorinventedinventions愛(ài)迪生一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)明家,在他一書(shū)中發(fā)明了1000多種發(fā)明。Inventor(發(fā)明家)invent(動(dòng)詞發(fā)明)inventions(發(fā)明物,名詞)3.﹣Who____________thewheel?﹣Idon'tknow.ButIthinkthe_________andthe________aregreat.A.invented;invention;inventor B.invention;invented;inventor C.invention;inventor;invented D.inventor;invented;invention【答案】A考查動(dòng)詞和名詞.根據(jù)提示,推測(cè)意思﹣誰(shuí)發(fā)明了輪子?﹣我不知道.但我覺(jué)得這項(xiàng)發(fā)明和發(fā)明家都很棒.問(wèn)句中缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,由此用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式invited.答語(yǔ)中缺主語(yǔ)由此用名詞形式invention和inventor.可知答案.故選:A.4.Wealllookforwardtothedaywhenthescientistscan______moresecretsoftheuniverse.A.travel B.discoverC.look D.invent【答案】B【解析】選B??疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。travel旅游;discover發(fā)現(xiàn);look看;invent發(fā)明。句意:我們都盼望著那一天,科學(xué)家們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)更多宇宙的奧秘。5.Edison

________

the

light

bulb

and

Columbus

________

America.A.discovered;

discovered B.invented;

discovered C.invented;

invented D.discovered;

invented【答案】B【解析】句意:愛(ài)迪生發(fā)明了燈泡,哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。invent意為“發(fā)明”,主要指發(fā)明世界上原本不存在的東西;discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,表示發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀上已存在的事物。根據(jù)“thelightbulb”可知,燈泡是世界上原本不存在的東西,故第一空用invented;根據(jù)“America”可知,美洲是原本已經(jīng)存在的事物,故第二空用discovered。故選B。要點(diǎn)9practical【思維導(dǎo)圖】拓展practice作動(dòng)詞,意為“練習(xí),實(shí)踐”。既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,又可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。其后可以接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。【注意】也可以做名詞,practice為不可數(shù)名詞。例如:practise只做動(dòng)詞,作動(dòng)詞用法與practice同Mylittlebrotherpracticesthepianoeveryday.我的小弟弟每天彈鋼琴。Doyouoftenpracticeplayingfootballafterschool?你經(jīng)常放學(xué)后踢足球嗎?【典例分析】1.Yourinventionisvery_______________.2.Shepractised______(play)thepianointheprimaryschoolbasement.3.Shewastakingherdaughtertobasketball______________everyday.4._______________experienceisoftenveryimportant.【答案】:1.practical.你的發(fā)明很實(shí)用。形容詞。2.playingpractise后面動(dòng)詞只用ving形式3.practice她那時(shí)每天帶她的女兒去進(jìn)行籃球訓(xùn)練。Practice名詞。4.Practical實(shí)際的經(jīng)歷通常很重要。形容詞修飾名詞5.他們正在練習(xí)唱那首新歌。(完成句子)They’re______________________thenewsong.【答案】practicing/practsingsinging6.熟能生巧!(完成句子)____________makesperfect!【答案】practice7.Let'senjoy________thechallengesinsteadof________aboutourproblems.A.face;worryB.facing;worryingC.toface;toworryD.face;worrying【答案】B【解析】enjoydoingsth.“喜歡做某事”;insteadof后跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,故選B。8.—Whynot________Englishinthemorning?—That'sagoodidea.A.practisetospeakB.practisespeakingC.topractisespeakD.practisespeakto【答案】B【解析】whynot+動(dòng)詞原形?為什么不呢?表示建議。Practise后面接動(dòng)詞ving形式。故答案選B。要點(diǎn)10distance【思維導(dǎo)圖】【典例分析】1.Asmileistheshortest_______________betweentwopeople.2.Theforeignvisitorscamefroma_______________country.3.Thereislong_______________fromhishometowntohisnewhome.【答案】:1.distance名詞句意:2人之間最短的距離是微笑。2.distant.這些外國(guó)游客來(lái)自一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)家。distant.形容詞。遙遠(yuǎn)的3.distance從他的家鄉(xiāng)到他的新家距離很遠(yuǎn)。distance名詞要點(diǎn)11developdevelopv.開(kāi)發(fā);研制ThomasEdisondevelopedthefirstpracticallightbulbin1879.托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生在1879年研制了第一個(gè)有用的電燈泡?!就卣埂縟eveloped發(fā)達(dá)的developing發(fā)展中的Canadaisadevelopedcountry.加拿大是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。Chinaisadevelopingcountry.中國(guó)是個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。【思維導(dǎo)圖】【典例分析】1.Willthey_______________theirownmachines?2._______________ofnewenergytakestime.3.China

is

a

socialist

country,

and

a

_______________

country

aswell.4.Britain

is

a

modern,

_______________

country.【答案】:1.develop他們是否將開(kāi)發(fā)出自己的機(jī)器呢?develop“研發(fā)開(kāi)發(fā)”動(dòng)詞2.Development開(kāi)發(fā)新能源需要時(shí)間。Development名詞,發(fā)展。3.developingcountry中國(guó)是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義國(guó)家,也是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。4.developed英國(guó)是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。要點(diǎn)11introductionn引進(jìn);采用;推行introducev介紹introduce…to…把……介紹給……【典例分析】1.Thereare_______________inmostbooks.2.Thankyouforyour_______________toyourhotel.3.Iwouldliketo_______________myselftoeveryone.【答案】:1.introductions大多數(shù)書(shū)籍都帶有引言。名詞。2.introductions句意:謝謝你對(duì)這賓館的介紹。3.introduce我想向大家介紹一下自己。動(dòng)詞。要點(diǎn)12as...as和某物/某人一樣……Ihaven’treadanythingasgoodasthatforalongtime!我好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有讀過(guò)那么好的東西了!Theyoungmanisasstrongasahorse.那個(gè)年輕人健如駿馬。注意:as...as意為“和某物/某人一樣……”,表示同級(jí)比較。其基本結(jié)構(gòu):as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as?!練w納拓展】as...as結(jié)構(gòu)用法小結(jié)as...as的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為:notas/so...as意為“不如某物/某人……”。例如:Jackdoesn’trunas/sofastasNick.杰克沒(méi)有尼克跑得快。as...as還可用在某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中:as...aspossible/sb.can 盡可能……assoonas 一……就【典例分析】1.I’llgotovisitmyauntinEngland_______thesummerholidaystarts.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.assoonas【答案】句意:暑假一開(kāi)始,我就要去看望我在英國(guó)的姑姑。A.while正當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,B.since因?yàn)?,C.until直到,D.assoonas一……就……據(jù)題意,故選D。2.他一看到我,就向我問(wèn)好。_________________________hesawme,hesaidhellotome.【答案】Assoonas一。。。就表示“時(shí)間”狀語(yǔ)從句。3.為了學(xué)習(xí)好英語(yǔ),你要盡可能多的記單詞。InordertostudyEnglishwell,youshouldrememberEnglishwords_________________________________.【答案】asmanyaspossible4.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得和你一樣好。ShespeaksEnglish_________________________.【答案】aswellas要點(diǎn)13instead&insteadofinstead作為副詞,意為“代替;而不是”,既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。當(dāng)instead位于句首起連接作用時(shí),其前后一般用句號(hào)、逗號(hào)等標(biāo)點(diǎn)隔開(kāi)。Theprofessordidn’tanswermyquestion.Instead,heaskedmeaquestion.教授沒(méi)有回答我的問(wèn)題,相反,他問(wèn)了我一個(gè)問(wèn)題。insteadof作為介詞短語(yǔ),意為“而不是”,其后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。Let’sgooutforawalkinsteadofwatchingTVathomealldaylong.讓我們出去散步,而不是整日待在家里看電視吧?!镜淅治觥?.昨晚他待在家里,而沒(méi)有去看電影Hestayedathome_________________________tothecinemalastnight.【答案】insteadofgoing2.她沒(méi)有玩電腦游戲,而是為考試而學(xué)習(xí)。Shedidn’tplaycomputergames.Shestudiedforthetest__________.【答案】instead3.Hedidn'tanswermyquestion.Instead,heaskedmeaquestion.(同義改寫(xiě))=Heaskedmeaquestion____________________________myquestion.【答案】insteadofasking4.Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing________watchingTVinthehotel.A.becauseofB.insteadof C.togetherwith D.instead【答案】句意:多好的一天!我們應(yīng)該去觀光而不是在旅館看電視。insteadof作為介詞短語(yǔ),意為“而不是”,其后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。5.MissWhitedoesn'tlikebuyingniceclothes.Shelikescollectingstorybooks________.A.instead B.either C.too D.insteadof【答案】Ainstead要點(diǎn)14in與afterintwoweeks意為“兩周后”,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“in+一段時(shí)間”,表示“在……之后”,常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí),對(duì)其提問(wèn)時(shí)用howsoon(多久)。Iwillfinishthework

intwohours.兩小時(shí)后我將完成那項(xiàng)工作。辨析:in與after(1)in表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn),表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后,常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。(2)after以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn),表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間以后,常用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的句子中;在某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間以后,after也可用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。hewillbeback

inthreeweeks.三周后她將會(huì)回來(lái)。HestartedonSundayandarrivedinHongKong

afterthreedays.他星期天動(dòng)身,三天之后到達(dá)了香港。Iwillarrive

afterfouro’clock.我四點(diǎn)后到達(dá)?!镜淅治觥?.用after和in填空1)Iwillreturntomyhometown________twoweeks.2)—Howsoonwillhebeback?—__________anhour.3)__________twohours’walk,wefeltverytired.4)Hewillbeback_______8o’clock.【答案】1)in2)in3)after4)after【解析】in表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn),表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后,常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。after以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn),表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間以后,常用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的句子中;在某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間以后,after也可用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。如第4題。2.—__________willyourparentscomebackfromAustralia?—Oh,they’llbebackinaweek.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Whattime【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)答語(yǔ)inaweek表示“將一周后”。故用疑問(wèn)詞howsoon將多久。3.我們校長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)去德國(guó)度假去了,他將在半個(gè)月后返校。(翻譯)【答案】OurheadmasterhasgonetoGermanyforvacation.Hewillreturntoschoolinhalfamonth.4.三個(gè)月后,中國(guó)終于成功地?fù)魯×瞬《?virus),我也希望全世界可以在一年內(nèi)做到。(翻譯)【答案】Afterthreemonths,Chinafinallysuccessfullydefeatedthevirus,andIhopetheworldcandoitinayear.要點(diǎn)15hundredsof數(shù)百的,數(shù)以百計(jì)的Thosemountainsarehundredsofmetreshigh.那些山有數(shù)百米高?!局攸c(diǎn)】hundredsof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞形式。Theyplanthundredsoftreeseveryyear.他們每年種幾百棵樹(shù)。【難點(diǎn)】當(dāng)hundred前有具體的數(shù)詞修飾,即表示確切的數(shù)目時(shí),hundred只能用單數(shù)形式,且不與of連用。另外,hundred前也可用some,several,many等表示不確定的數(shù)目的詞修飾。Twohundredstudentsattendedthecontest.兩百名學(xué)生參加了此次比賽?!就卣埂颗chundred用法類似的還有thousand,million等。thousandsof數(shù)千的threethousand三千【典例分析】1.—________isthepopulationofChina,

Jack?—Letmethinkforamoment,

itisabout________.A.Howmany;1,400millionB.What;1,400millionC.What;140millionD.Howmany;140million

【答案】根據(jù)句意:——中國(guó)的人口是多少,杰克?

——讓我想想,大約是14億.

提問(wèn)人口用what;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,1,400

million符合實(shí)際情況。故選B。2.Itisreportedthatthereareover______koalasdyinginthedisastrouswildfirebrokeoutrecentlyinAustralia.A.thousandsof B.8thousandsC.8thousandsof D.8thousand【答案】1.Dmillionsof數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的。概數(shù)。不能與具體數(shù)字連用。2.Dthousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的。Thousand可以與具體數(shù)字連用。Thousand后面不加“s”?!局攸c(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1.sincethen自那以來(lái)2.inhistory在歷史上3.keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系4.inthedaytime在白天5.keep…off使…不接近(或不接觸、遠(yuǎn)離)…6.atthesametime同時(shí)7.helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事8.starttodosth./doingsth.開(kāi)始做9.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做10.insteadofprep.代替,作為…的替換11.intheearly19thcentury在19世紀(jì)早期12.turninto變成【重點(diǎn)句式】1.Thefollowingarethreeofthemostimportantinventionsinhistory.下列是歷史上最重要的發(fā)明中的三項(xiàng)。2.Intheearly19thcentury,thefirsttrainsbegantocarrypassengers.在十九世紀(jì)初期,首批火車開(kāi)始搭載乘客。3.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletospeaktoeachotheroverlongdistances.自那以后,人們可以越過(guò)遠(yuǎn)距離彼此對(duì)話了。4.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem?你能想象沒(méi)有它們的生活嗎?5.andthenewcarsmadeloudnoisesandfrightenedthem.……這些新汽車制造很大的噪音,讓他們感到害怕。6.Travellingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.旅途變得更快和更舒服7.AlexandaGrahamBellinventedoneofthefirstpracticaltelephones

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