2022屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit17Laughter學(xué)案北師大版

Unit17Laughter一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會(huì)認(rèn)就行(背誦時(shí)遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對(duì)詞義)1．a(chǎn)necdoten． 軼事，趣聞2．ridiculousadj. 荒謬的，可笑的3．a(chǎn)gencyn. 代理處，經(jīng)銷處4．matureadj. 成熟的5．sunburntadj. 曬黑的6．thrillern. 驚險(xiǎn)小說(戲劇、電影)7．psychologyn. 心理學(xué)8．beingn. 人；物；生物9．a(chǎn)uthorityn. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力10．tensionn. 緊張，焦慮11．sealvt. 封，密封12．compensatevt. 補(bǔ)償，賠償13．yawnvi. 打哈欠14．cross-talkn. 相聲15．componentn. 成分，組成部分(二)背重點(diǎn)單詞——寫對(duì)才行1.visan.簽證2．withdrawvt. 提取；撤退3．overlookvt. 忽視4．clarifyvt. 澄清，講清楚5．delayn. 延誤，延期6．queuevi. 排隊(duì)7．yellvi. 叫喊，叫嚷8．swiftlyadv. 迅速地9．bordern. 國界，邊境10．figuren. 人物11．scoldvt. 罵，責(zé)罵12．purelyadv. 完全地，僅僅13．obtainvt. 獲得，得到14．rarelyadv. 很少，難得15．depthn. 深(度)，縱深16．toughadj. 艱難的；不幸的；強(qiáng)壯的，強(qiáng)健的(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1.amusevt.逗樂，使(某人)笑→amusementn．娛樂，消遣；快樂的事→amusedadj.娛樂的，覺得好笑的→amusingadj.逗人笑的，好笑的2．responsen．回應(yīng)，應(yīng)答→respondv．回答，答復(fù)3．harmonyn．協(xié)調(diào)，和諧→harmoniousadj.和諧的，協(xié)調(diào)的4．messn．混亂→messyadj.凌亂的，骯臟的5．scarevt.使恐懼→scaredadj.驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕的→scaryadj.可怕的，(某人)嚇得發(fā)抖的6．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)→acknowledgementn．承認(rèn)；感謝7．professionn．職業(yè)，專業(yè)→professionaladj.職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的8．resistvt.抵抗，抵制→resistantadj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的→resistancen．抗拒；反對(duì)9．cautionn．謹(jǐn)慎，小心→cautiousadj.謹(jǐn)慎的，小心的→cautiouslyadv.謹(jǐn)慎小心地10．forbidvt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)→forbiddenadj.禁止的；不準(zhǔn)的11．universen．宇宙→universaladj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的12．a(chǎn)stonishvt.使驚訝，使驚駭→astonishingadj.令人驚訝的→astonishedadj.驚訝的→astonishmentn．驚奇13．desperateadj.絕望的；不顧一切的→desperationn．拼命；絕望→desperatelyadv.絕望地；拼命地；非常地14．convincevt.使相信→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.相信的，信任的15．comedyn．喜劇→comediann．喜劇演員[語境活用]1．Thecautiousboylookedaroundcautiouslyandthenwalkedacrosstheroadwithcaution.(caution)2．Seeingthescaryfilm,Marywasalmostscaredtodeath.(scare)3．Itisreportedthatthefamousstardidn'trespondtoherunusualbehaviorwhileherfriendshaddifferentresponsestoit.(respond)4．MrWangisanamusingpersonwhooftenamusesuswithamusingstories.Sostayingwithhimisreallyakindofamusement.(amuse)5．Toourastonishment,_thefamousstarretiredsuddenly.That'stosay,wewereastonishedatthenewsofherretirement,anditwasreallyastonishing.(astonish)6．Ifeveryonecanliveinharmonywithothers,oursocietywillbecomemoreharmonious.(harmony)7．Hisconvincingwordsfinallyconvincedme,andIwasconvincedthathewasinnocent.(convince)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對(duì)不行1．a(chǎn)musevt.逗樂；使(某人)笑背詞條用法(1)amusesb./oneselfby/withsth.通過……來取樂某人/自己(2)toone's(great)amusement令人感到(極)好笑的是foramusement取樂，消遣(3)beamusedat/by對(duì)……感到好笑beamusedtodosth.做某事而感到好笑背寫作佳句①Hischiefamusementisreadingnovels，soheusuallyamuseshimselfwithreading.他主要的消遣是看小說，所以他通常以閱讀為樂。②WangXizhipark,whichliesintheeastofLinyicity,isagoodplaceforrelaxationandamusement.王羲之公園位于臨沂市東部，是休閑娛樂的好去處。③Absurdasitmightsound,everyonepresentwasamusedbyhisadventurestoryinAfrica.雖然它聽起來荒誕，但在場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人都被他在非洲的冒險(xiǎn)故事逗樂了。2．harmonyn．協(xié)調(diào)，和諧，融洽背詞條用法in(outof)harmonywith...與……協(xié)調(diào)一致(不協(xié)調(diào))liveinharmony(with...)(與……)和睦相處，和諧共處背寫作佳句①Withbettereducation,peoplewillbeabletobuildabettersocietyinharmonywithnature.有了更好的教育，人們能夠建立一個(gè)與自然和諧相處的美好的社會(huì)。②(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Additionally,noonecandenyhelivesinharmonywithallourclassmates,enjoyingaharmoniousinterpersonalrelationshipandisalwaysreadytohelpothers.此外，沒有人能否認(rèn)他和我們所有的同學(xué)都和睦相處，有著融洽的人際關(guān)系，并且總是樂于幫助別人。3．delayn．&v．延誤，延期背詞條用法delaydoingsth.＝putoffdoingsth.推遲/延遲做某事withoutdelay毫不耽擱；立刻背寫作佳句①Pleaseacceptourheartfeltapologiesfordelayingdeliveringthegoodstoyourcompany.請(qǐng)接受我方為拖延交貨給貴公司的衷心歉意。②(2020·浙江高考)Iwastooterrifiedtoforgettodosojustnow.Ididastoldwithoutdelay.我剛才太害怕了以至于忘記了這樣做。我立刻照他說的做了。4．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)；對(duì)(某人所做的事)表示感謝；告知收到背詞條用法acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as...認(rèn)為某人/物是……；承認(rèn)某人/物是……acknowledgedoingsth.承認(rèn)做某事Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公認(rèn)的背寫作佳句①First,acknowledgeyourmistakeratherthanignoringordenyingit.首先，承認(rèn)你的錯(cuò)誤，不要無視或否認(rèn)它的存在。②Heiswidelyacknowledgedtobethebestplayerintheworld.人們普遍認(rèn)為他是世界最佳球員。③Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatextensivedeforestationcontributedtoheavysummerflooding.人們普遍認(rèn)為過度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。5．resistvt.抵抗，抵制背詞條用法(1)resistdoingsth.反對(duì)做某事can'tresistdoingsth.＝can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事(2)beresistanttosth.對(duì)某物有抵抗力背寫作佳句①Ahealthydietshouldhelpyourbodyresistbeinginfected.健康飲食有助于身體抗感染。②Iknowitistimeformetosetouttodomyhomework,butIjustcan'tresistplayingcomputergames.我知道是開始做作業(yè)的時(shí)候了，但我就是忍不住要玩電腦游戲。③Itisbelievedthatelderlypeoplearealwaysresistanttochange.人們認(rèn)為上了年紀(jì)的人總是抗拒改變。6．cautionn．謹(jǐn)慎，小心；警告vt.警告，告誡；提醒背詞條用法(1)withcaution小心地，謹(jǐn)慎地(2)cautionsb.nottodosth./againstdoingsth.警告某人不要做某事cautionsb.about.../that...警告某人……(3)becautiousabout/of/with...對(duì)……很小心背寫作佳句①Weshouldselectthereadingmaterialswithcaution.我們應(yīng)該慎重選擇閱讀材料。②Scientistscautionedthattheviruscouldturnintoamuchdeadlierform.科學(xué)家們警告稱，該病毒可能變異成更致命的形式。③Hewasverycautiousaboutcommittinghimselftoanything.他謹(jǐn)小慎微，從不輕易表態(tài)。7．forbid(forbade,forbidden)vt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)背詞條用法forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(forbidsb.todosth.,forbidsb.fromdoingsth.,forbidone'sdoingsth.))禁止某人做某事背寫作佳句①Forthebenefitofhealth,thewholecompanyforbidssmokingintheoffice.為了健康著想，全公司禁止在辦公室內(nèi)吸煙。②(2016·北京高考)Inthefirstplace,weshouldforbidtheirpostingadvertisementsonthewalls.首先，我們應(yīng)該禁止他們?cè)趬ι蠌堎N廣告。③Smokingisstrictlyforbidden.嚴(yán)禁吸煙。8．a(chǎn)stonishvt.使驚訝，使驚駭背詞條用法(1)Itastonishessb.that...令某人驚訝的是……(2)beastonishedat/by...對(duì)……感到驚訝beastonishedtodo...因做……而感到驚訝(3)toone'sastonishment＝totheastonishmentofsb.讓某人感到驚訝的是inastonishment驚訝地背寫作佳句①(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Peoplewereastonishedat/byseeingsuchalittle,poorly-dressedboysellingpopcornattheirdoors,buteventuallyalmostallofthemwouldbuyabagortwo.人們看到這么一個(gè)衣衫襤褸的小男孩在自己家門口賣爆米花都很驚訝，但最終幾乎所有人都買了一兩袋。②(2020·浙江高考)Tomyastonishment,thebearstoppedattackingandbegantosniffthefoodandthenwolfeddownthetreat.令我吃驚的是，這只熊停止了攻擊，開始嗅食物，然后狼吞虎咽地吃下了食物。9．desperateadj.絕望的；拼命的；鋌而走險(xiǎn)的，不顧一切的；非常需要的；極度渴望的背詞條用法(1)bedesperateforsth.渴望某物bedesperatetodosth.渴望做某事indesperateneed(of)非常需要(……)(2)indesperation絕望背寫作佳句①WhenIspeakEnglish,Ioftenfeelalittlenervous.Iamdesperateforyourhelp.Canyougivemesomeadviceonhowtoovercomeit？當(dāng)我說英語時(shí)，我經(jīng)常感到很緊張，我急需你的幫助。你能給我一些克服緊張的建議嗎？②(2018·天津高考)Weareindesperateneedofyourhelp.我們急需你的幫助。③(2020·浙江高考)Elliwasindesperationandatalosswhattodo.埃利感到絕望，茫然失措。10．convincevt.使相信；說服背詞條用法(1)convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……(2)beconvincedof/that...堅(jiān)信/確信……背寫作佳句①Ifwewanttoprotecttheenvironment,wemustconvincepeopletotakeaction.如果我們想保護(hù)環(huán)境，就必須說服人們采取行動(dòng)。②(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)IamconvincedthatIwillbetherightpersonfortheposition.我確信我會(huì)是這個(gè)職位的合適人選。11．scarevt.使恐懼；使害怕；驚嚇n．恐慌；恐懼背詞條用法(1)scareodoingsth.恐嚇某人做某事scaresb.todeath使某人大受驚嚇，嚇得要死scare...away/off把……嚇跑(2)bescaredofsb./sth.害怕某人/某物bescaredeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofdoingsth.,todosth.))害怕做某事背寫作佳句①Someparentstrytoscaretheirchildrenintobehavingwell.有些父母試圖用嚇唬的方法使孩子守規(guī)矩。②(2020·浙江高考)Scaredthatthebearwouldreturn,ElliandIclimbedintothehelicopter.由于害怕熊會(huì)回來，埃利和我爬上了直升飛機(jī)。③We'rescaredofthethingsthatwedon'tunderstand.我們害怕自己不了解的事情。(五)背短語詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．burst_out_laughing 突然笑起來2．cash_a_cheque 兌現(xiàn)支票3．wait_in_line 排隊(duì)4．get_rid_of 處理掉，擺脫5．fool_around 胡鬧，瞎弄；虛度光陰，閑蕩6._result_in 導(dǎo)致，造成7．from_time_to_time 不時(shí)地8．run_into 撞上；陷入9．put_on 假裝；穿上；上映10．turn_sb.off_ 令人討厭11．regardless_of 不管，不顧12．pull_faces_ 做鬼臉13．thanks_to 幸虧；由于14．do_sb.good 對(duì)某人有益15．play_around 四處游戲eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點(diǎn)短語拓展用活1．regardlessof不管，不顧背相關(guān)短語inspiteof/despite盡管(表示讓步)withregardto關(guān)于；至于背寫作佳句①Asisknowntousall,thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardlessofrace,religion,orgender.眾所周知，法律要求人人平等，不論種族、宗教或性別。②What'smore,itisverysafetoconsumethefoodsimmediatelydespiteapproachingshelflife.更重要的是，盡管接近保質(zhì)期，立即食用這些食品也是非常安全的。③(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Withregardtome,I'mintoxicatedwithbasketballsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtoconfrontthechallengesinmylife.對(duì)于我來說，我沉迷于籃球，因?yàn)樗恢苯o我力量去面對(duì)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)。2．runinto撞上；偶遇(困難、問題等)；偶然碰到；陷入背相關(guān)短語runacross偶然碰見runout(of)用完；耗盡runaway(from)逃避；逃跑；離開runafter追趕；追求runover(撞倒并)碾壓，軋過背寫作佳句①Ididn'tknowwhattosayandatthesametimeIsawataxirunintoabikeandthemanonthebikewasthrownoff.我不知道說什么，就在這時(shí)，我看到一輛出租車撞上了一輛自行車，自行車上的人被甩了下來。②Asasystemadministrator,youmayrunacrossnumerouschallengesandproblems.作為一名系統(tǒng)管理員，你可能碰過各種各樣的挑戰(zhàn)和問題。③Itissaidthattheworldwouldrunoutoffreshwaterin2050.據(jù)說到2050年世界上的淡水將會(huì)耗盡。3．resultin造成，導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是背相關(guān)短語(1)resultfrom由于……而引起(2)asaresult結(jié)果(在句中作狀語，常用逗號(hào)與句子隔開)asaresultof...由于……withoutresult＝invain沒有結(jié)果；白費(fèi)背寫作佳句①Theoverreleasingofcarbondioxidemayresultinlessrainfall,theglobalwarmingandsoon.二氧化碳的過度排放可能導(dǎo)致降雨量減少、全球變暖等問題。②(2017·天津高考)Everyday,Ihavetospendmostofmytimeinstudying.Asaresult，Idon'thaveenoughtimetotakeexercise.每天，我都要花大部分時(shí)間在學(xué)習(xí)上。因此，我沒有足夠的時(shí)間鍛煉。③Inmyopinion,mostofthoseconflictsresultfrommisunderstandingandlackingofcommunication.在我看來，這些沖突大多源于誤解和缺乏溝通。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Haveyoueverhadtroubletryingtospellaword？(havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難”)你有沒有拼不出單詞的時(shí)候？佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Besides,IcanspeakfluentEnglish,whichmeansweshallhavenotroubleincommunication.此外，我能說一口流利的英語，這意味著我們?cè)诮涣鞣矫娌粫?huì)有任何困難。佳句②Yet,sothunderousisyourdog'sbarkthatIfailtoconcentrateandevenhavedifficultyinfallingasleep.而且，你的狗叫得如此震耳欲聾，以至于我無法集中精神，甚至難以入睡。佳句③(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)However,Ihavesometroubleincollectingthematerialsrelevantandusingthelanguage.然而，我在收集相關(guān)材料和使用語言方面遇到了一些困難。2．Whilestillatprimaryschool，Rowanhadalreadyshownadmirableactingtalent.(狀語從句的省略)還在上小學(xué)時(shí)，羅恩就已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出令人贊嘆的表演天賦。佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Whenbackhome,Dadnoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathadhappened.回家后，爸爸注意到了我的不安，問我發(fā)生了什么事。佳句②(2019·北京高考)Whileworking,Irealisedhowharditwastoworkinthefieldsunderahotsun.工作的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到頂著炎炎烈日在地里工作是多么的辛苦。佳句③(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)What'smore,whenyouareenjoyingthemeal,youneedtoavoidmakingnoiseswhilechewingfood.更重要的是，當(dāng)你用餐的時(shí)候，你要避免在咀嚼食物時(shí)發(fā)出聲音。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Itgoeswithoutsayingthatasmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldfullofstrangers.毫無疑問，微笑能夠幫助我們渡過難關(guān)，幫助我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)充滿陌生人的世界里找到朋友。2．Weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyingaharmoniouslife.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)彼此友善，這對(duì)于享受和諧的生活是絕對(duì)必要的。3．Therefore,weshouldkeepcalmnomatterwhathappensinthefuture.Onlyinthiswaycanwedealwiththingscorrectlyinourlife.因此，不管將來發(fā)生什么事情我們都應(yīng)該保持冷靜，只有用這種方式我們才能恰當(dāng)?shù)靥幚砩钪械膯栴}。4．AsfarasI'mconcerned,weshoulddevelopapositiveattitudetowardslife.Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.Weshouldbebravewhenfacedwithdifficulties.我認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該對(duì)生活采取積極的態(tài)度。生活中不僅充滿陽光而且困難重重。面對(duì)困難，我們應(yīng)該勇敢。5．I'mconvincedthat10%ofmylifeiswhathappenstomeand90%ishowIreacttoit.我深信，我生活的10%是事情本身，90%是我對(duì)事情所采取的態(tài)度。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點(diǎn)——邀請(qǐng)信(二)[題目要求](2017·全國卷Ⅱ)假定你是李華，想邀請(qǐng)外教Henry一起參觀中國剪紙(paper-cutting)藝術(shù)展。請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．展覽時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.展覽內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearHenry，I'mLiHua.LasttimeyoutoldmeyouwantedtoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture.NowI'mgladtotellyoutherewillbeaChinesepaper-cuttingexhibitioninourschool.Isincerelyhopeyoucansetasidesometimefortheartfeast.Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichis“BeautyofChina”，willtakeplaceinourschoollibraryfrom2to5ontheafternoonofJune21.Notonlywillsomeofourstudents'worksbedisplayed,butwealsohaveavaluablesetofpaper-cuttingworkscreatedbyafamousartist.Besides,therewillbealotofinterestingactivities,fromwhichyoucanhaveaclearerpictureofChineseculture.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptmyinvitation.I'msureyouwillgetawonderfulimpressionofit.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點(diǎn)]1．學(xué)亮麗開頭考生首先進(jìn)行了自我介紹，點(diǎn)明了身份。然后用Lasttimeyoutoldmeyou...交代了寫信的背景，用NowI'mgladtotellyoutherewillbe...介紹了活動(dòng)的主題，然后便自然而然地誠懇地發(fā)出了邀請(qǐng)。2．學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)熟練使用高級(jí)句式，如：therebe句型therewillbeaChinesepaper-cuttingexhibitioninourschool；非限制性定語從句thethemeofwhichis“BeautyofChina”和fromwhichyoucan...；倒裝句型Notonlywillsomeofourstudents'worksbedisplayed...；過去分詞短語作定語createdbyafamousartist等。這些亮點(diǎn)表達(dá)增強(qiáng)了文章的表達(dá)效果，是加分的亮點(diǎn)所在。同時(shí)，這也彰顯了考生靈活的語言駕馭能力，值得稱贊。3．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾使用Iwouldappreciateitif...表達(dá)期待對(duì)方接受邀請(qǐng)，與開頭呼應(yīng)。隨后用I'msure...從自己的角度表達(dá)了對(duì)活動(dòng)效果的肯定和信心。最后用Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.表達(dá)了期待回復(fù)。本文結(jié)尾短短三句話便表達(dá)出了自己邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方的誠懇態(tài)度和期待心情。4．學(xué)過渡銜接文章準(zhǔn)確使用了lasttime,now,notonly...butalso...,besides等過渡性詞語，增強(qiáng)了文章的連貫性和條理性。5．防微點(diǎn)失分考生容易把“Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichis‘BeautyofChina’，willtakeplace...”中的which錯(cuò)用成it，或把takeplace誤認(rèn)為其有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式，而誤用成被動(dòng)語態(tài)“betakenplace”，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點(diǎn)單詞的查漏補(bǔ)缺——打牢必備知識(shí)[全面練——練清易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thisresearchisbasedonanecdote(趣聞)notfact.2．HegraduatedfromYorkwithadegreeinPsychology(心理學(xué))．3.Thisnewcomedy(喜劇)deservesawarmwelcome.4．Sheyawned(打哈欠),andstretchedlazily.5.Theaudiencewasamusedbythecross-talk(相聲)．6．Trustisavitalcomponent(因素)inanyrelationship.7．Theagency(機(jī)構(gòu))isvoluntaryandnotrunforprofit.8．Shenowhasauthority(權(quán)威)overthepeoplewhousedtobeherbosses.9．Todcouldnotbearthetouchofclothingonhissunburnt(曬黑的)skin.10．Nowadaysmanypeopledoridiculous(荒謬的)thingstorealizetheirdreamof“perfection”．Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍(lán)部分的漢語意思1．Thismovieisaricherandmorecompellingthrillerinvolvingacat-and-mousegame.驚險(xiǎn)小說(戲劇、電影)2．Thereisoftenatensionbetweentheaimsofthecompanyandthewishesoftheemployees.矛盾；對(duì)立3.Itcanalsocausethatpersontomissoroverlookkeyinformationbeingpassedontothem.忽略，忽視4．(熟詞生義)Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.密封5．(熟詞生義)Shehasnointentionofgivingyouadivorce;she'sjuststringingyoualong.哄；愚弄6．(熟詞生義)Technologyinthisfieldhasmaturedconsiderablyoverthelastdecade.成熟；長成7.(熟詞生義)Iwasstandingrightnexttoher,butshedidn'tevenacknowledgeme.(微笑、揮手等)致意Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．I'mgoingtowritegoodjokesandbecomeagoodcomedian(comedy)．2．Nothingcancompensateforthelossofalovedone.3.Suddenlysittingdownonthegroundthechildswiftly(swift)tookoffhershoesandstockings.4．Stronglightwillaffectthedepth(deep)ofcolourofyourcarpetsandcurtains.5．Shetookthejobpurely(pure)andsimplyforthejobexperience.6．Heisoneofthiscountry'stopprofessional(profession)sportsmen.7．Inthefilm,Poisfindinghiswayhome,whichisveryuniversal(universe)．8．Thepolicesaytheresponse(respond)hasbeenfarbetterthanexpected.9．Yourroomissomessy(mess)thatyoucan'tfindwhatyouwant.10．Heisrarely(rare)satisfiedwithanythinglessthanperfectionitself.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)comedy“喜劇”，屬于戲劇的一類，戲劇還包括：tragedy(悲劇),tragicomedy(悲喜劇)等。(2)cross-talk“相聲”屬于中國傳統(tǒng)曲藝形式之一，常見的曲藝有：小品(opusculum)，雜技(acrobatics)等。(3)overlook為前綴over-后跟動(dòng)詞look構(gòu)成，意為“俯視；忽略”，前綴為over-的詞還有：overcome，overwork，oversleep等。(4)acknowledge在句中為動(dòng)詞，其后常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，其同義詞有：admit,appreciate等。(5)swiftly是在形容詞后加副詞后綴-ly構(gòu)成，類似的還有：rarely,purely,truly等。[重點(diǎn)練——深化高頻考點(diǎn)]1．a(chǎn)muse[明其義]vt.逗樂；使(某人)笑[通其用](1)用amuse的適當(dāng)形式填空Yesterdaywewenttotheparkfor①amusement.Theparkprovidedalotof②amusingperformances,which③amusedthetouristsalot.Theclownswalkedoffthestage,shakinghandswiththeaudience,givingcandiestothechildrenandmakingthechildrenreally④amused.(2)單句語法填空⑤Hetoldanamusing(amuse)storyasalead-intotheseriouspartofhisspeech.⑥Theaudiencewasamusedat/bythemagician'stricks.⑦Amused(amuse)atthefinalscore,hedecidedtotreathimselftoabigdinner.⑧Weweregreatlyamusedto_hear(hear)abouthimsittingonthewetpaint.(3)完成句子⑨To_our_amusement,_hisfatherwatchescartoonsfor_amusement.讓我們感到好笑的是，他爸爸竟然看動(dòng)畫片消遣。⑩Itwastoorainytoplayoutside,sosheamused_herself_by/with_a_book.雨太大了，不適合在外面玩，所以她看書消遣。[解其困]amuse為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使(某人)笑”，其現(xiàn)在分詞形式為amusing，意為“令人發(fā)笑的”，過去分詞形式為amused，意為“(人)覺得好笑的”。類似的動(dòng)詞有：surprise,shock,tire,astonish等。2．delay[明其義]n．&v．延誤，延期[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Ihavetodelayanswering(answer)hisquestion,waitingfortherightmoment.②Theinjuredweretakentothenearesthospitalwithoutdelay.(2)完成句子③Theyshouldhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheir_flight_was_delayed.他們本該在午飯的時(shí)候到達(dá)，但是他們的航班延誤了。[解其困]delay可作動(dòng)詞，其后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，同義詞有：postpone,holdover等。3．resist[明其義]vt.抵抗，抵制[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Somepeopleweren'tresistant(resist)tothetemptationofmoney,andwerepunishedbylawintheend.②Ican'tresisteating(eat),sothatIputonweightagain.③Therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisnewrule.(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Shecouldn'thelpmakingjokesabouthisfunnybehaviour.④Shecouldn't_resist_makingjokesabouthisfunnybehaviour.(resist)⑤Shecouldn't_be_resistant_to_makingjokesabouthisfunnybehaviour.(resistant)[解其困]resist表示“忍住”時(shí)常與表示否定意義的can't/canhardly/benotableto等連用；resist后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，不接不定式。4．caution[明其義]n．謹(jǐn)慎，小心；警告vt.警告，告誡；提醒[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Heisacautious(caution)manandisalwaysdoingthingscarefully.②Theteachersuggestedwedotheexerciseswithgreatcautionthoughtheywereeasy.③Ithinkyoushouldbecautiousaboutgivingyouraddresstostrangers.(2)一句多譯她告誡我不要和那個(gè)淘氣的男孩交朋友。④Shecautions_me_not_to_makefriendswiththenaughtyboy.⑤Shecautions_me_against_makingfriendswiththenaughtyboy.[解其困]“介詞＋名詞/形容詞”含有名詞或形容詞對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞的含義，如：withcaution＝cautiously,inshort＝shortly等。5．forbid(forbade,forbidden)[明其義]vt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Itishightimethatweforbadesetting(set)offfireworksinurbanareas.②Ithinkthemiddleschoolstudentsshouldbeforbiddento_use(use)smartphonesatschool.③Itisnotallowedtoapproachtheforbidden(forbid)area.④Myfatherforbademefrommeeting(meet)myfriendsonlineattheInternetcafe!(2)一句多譯我父親禁止我玩電腦游戲，除非我做完所有的家庭作業(yè)。⑤Myfatherforbids_me_to_play_computer_gamesunlessIfinishallmyhomework.⑥Myfatherforbids_me_from_playing_computer_gamesunlessIfinishallmyhomework.⑦M(jìn)yfatherforbids_my_playing_computer_gamesunlessIfinishallmyhomework.[解其困]forbid后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。類似的詞還有allow,encourage,advise,permit等。6．a(chǎn)stonish[明其義]vt.使驚訝，使驚駭[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Toourgreatastonishment,_thebosswasn'tastonishedattheastonishingnewsatall.(astonish)②Everyoneisastonishedat/bythenewsthathe'slearnedLatininthreemonths.③Hearinghisnamecalled,thesleepyboystoodupinastonishment.④Hewasastonishedto_see(see)howhishometownhadchangedinthepast10years.(2)完成句子⑤To_my_astonishment,_hefinishedthejobinsuchashorttime.令我吃驚的是，他竟在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成了工作。⑥It_did_not_astonish_her_at_all_thathehadgone.他走了，她對(duì)此一點(diǎn)都不吃驚。[解其困]astonish的過去分詞astonished在句中常作形容詞，意為“感到驚訝的”，可作定語或表語；而現(xiàn)在分詞astonishing在句中用作形容詞時(shí)，表示“令人驚訝的”，在句中作定語或表語。7．convince[明其義]vt.使相信；說服[通其用](1)單句語法填空①I'vebeentryingtoconvincehimto_see(see)adoctor.②Thereisnowconvincing(convince)evidencethatsmokingcauseslungcancer.③Youneedtoconvinceyourinterviewerofyourabilitytomasterthework.④Convinced(convince)ofthetruthofthereport,hetoldhiscolleaguesaboutit.(2)完成句子⑤I_am_convinced_thathehaslearnedalessonfromhismistakes.我確信他已經(jīng)從錯(cuò)誤中吸取了教訓(xùn)。⑥Becausetheywere_convinced_of_the_accuracyofthedata,theystucktotheiropinion.因?yàn)樗麄兇_信數(shù)據(jù)的精確性，所以他們堅(jiān)持自己的意見。[解其困]“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞有：convince,warn,remind,persuade,inform,accuse等。8．scare[明其義]vt.使恐懼；使害怕；驚嚇n．恐慌；恐懼[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Theymadefirestocookthefood,scarewildbeastsaway/offandkeepwarm.②Generallyspeaking,mostofthegirlsarescaredto_set(set)offfireworks.③Totellyouthetruth,themovieisveryscary(scare)．④Iwastooscared(scare)togointothewatereventhoughtheytriedtopersuademeseveraltimes.(2)完成句子⑤Iwas_nearly_scared_to_deathwhenIwasaloneinthebuilding.當(dāng)大樓里只有我一個(gè)人時(shí)，我?guī)缀醣粐標(biāo)?。⑥Hewas_scared_to_stay/of_stayingoutsidelateatnightbecausehewas_scared_of_being_robbed/to_be_robbed.深夜他不敢待在外面，因?yàn)楹ε卤粨尳?。[解其困]scaresb.todeath短語中介詞to表示達(dá)到某種結(jié)果，如：starvetodeath“餓死”；sentencesb.todeath“判某人死刑”；betiredtodeath“累極了”；beboredtodeath“煩透了”。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強(qiáng)化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.詞塊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練——選詞填空burstoutlaughing，waitinline，runinto，thanksto，dosb.good，getridof，asaresultof，regardlessof，fromtimetotime，puton1.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldget_rid_ofthebadhabitofsmoking.2．Heservesthepeopleheartandsoul,regardless_ofhispersonalgainorloss.3．Hedidn'texpecttorun_intosomanyofhisfriendsinthisparty.4.Sheburst_out_laughingwhensheheardthegoodnewsthatshewasadmittedintoheridealuniversity.5．Thefootballmatchwasputoffas_a_result_of_thestorm.6.Thanks_toyourhelp,wefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.7．It'sgoodmannersforustowait_in_linewhenwebuyaticket.8．Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeencouragement_from_time_to_time.9．Inresponsetotheaudience'sgreatdemand,theplaywillbe_put_oninthetheatretwiceaweek.10.Itwillnotdo_you_goodifyoudrinklargeamountsofwaterafterheavyexercisewithoutanyrest.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)burstout意為“突發(fā)；大聲喊叫”，其同義短語有burstinto等。(2)thanksto意為“由于，幸虧”，其同義短語有：becauseof,dueto,owingto等。(3)dosb.good意為“對(duì)某人有益”，其同義表達(dá)有：dogoodtosb.,bebeneficialtosb.；反義表達(dá)有：dosb.bad，beharmfulto...等。Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰——辨析比較burstoutVSburstinto比較①Sheburst_intotearsandranfromthekitchen.②Theclassburst_outlaughingafterhearingthejoke.辨清burstout與burstinto均意為“突發(fā)；大聲喊叫”，burstout后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，而burstinto后跟名詞作賓語。[句式的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]狀語從句的省略[通其用]1．單句語法填空①Unlessinvited(invite),hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.②Whenasked(ask)aboutthesecretofhissuccess,hesaidthatheowedmuchofhissuccessandhappinesstohiswifeandchildren.③Ifchosen(choose),MrBrown,whoisrichinexperience,willturnouttobeanexcellentmanager.④Whiletravelling(travel)alongtheway,wecanenjoythebeautifulsceneryaswellasthenewlooksofthevillagesandtowns.2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Ifitisnecessary,youshouldturntoyourparentsforhelp.→If_necessary,_youshouldturntoyourparentsforhelp.[解其困]在由while,when,if,asif,evenif/though,though,although,until,once,unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句中的主語與主句的主語一致或從句中的主語是it，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式時(shí)，從句中的主語連同be動(dòng)詞可同時(shí)省略。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價(jià)值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀理解D篇——對(duì)接課標(biāo)主題：健康的生活方式、積極的生活態(tài)度(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請(qǐng)注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoles①withbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[2]Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselfto②asnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.[3]Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.[4]Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.[5]Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I'llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweight③personishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI？,［析微點(diǎn)·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①微技法——通過上下文推測(cè)短語或單詞意義：此處通過畫線詞上一句的“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeople...”可知，“beanpoles”所在句與其前一句中的研究結(jié)論是相反的，由此可推知“beanpoles”的含義。②微積累——help短語大集錦：helponeselfto自行取用；隨便吃helpsb.do/todo幫助某人做某事can'thelpdoing忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth.只好做某事③構(gòu)詞法——前綴over-表示“在……上，超出”overweightadj.超重的overworkn.過度勞累overactv.做得過火overlookvt.俯視，眺望overcomevt.戰(zhàn)勝overproductionn.生產(chǎn)過量[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]12．Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A．Foodsafety. B．Movieviewership.C．Consumerdemand. D．Eatingbehavior.解析：選D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，我們的飲食同伴的體型和飲食習(xí)慣都會(huì)影響我們的食物攝入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起進(jìn)食。由此可知這項(xiàng)研究是關(guān)于飲食行為的，故D項(xiàng)正確。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters. B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters. D．Tallthinpersons.解析：選D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的畫線詞所在句可知，研究表明，與現(xiàn)存的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)(應(yīng)該避免和食量大的胖人一起吃飯)相反，你真正需要避開的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根據(jù)“contraryto”可知，畫線詞與heavierpeople含義相反，故D項(xiàng)正確。14．Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A．Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B．Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C．Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D．Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.”可知，為了驗(yàn)證社交對(duì)飲食習(xí)慣的影響，研究人員進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)；再結(jié)合下文介紹的兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，雇用演員參加實(shí)驗(yàn)旨在查看演員對(duì)參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人的飲食習(xí)慣的影響，故A項(xiàng)正確。15．Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A．Howhungryweare.B．Howslimwewanttobe.C．Howweperceiveothers.D．Howwefeelaboutthefood.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI...becauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.”可知，如果這個(gè)同伴打算吃得更多，“我”也會(huì)吃得更多。但是，我們要調(diào)整這種影響。如果一個(gè)超重的人吃了很多，我會(huì)稍微保留一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲铱吹搅怂嬍沉?xí)慣的結(jié)果。據(jù)此可以推知，我們對(duì)自己飲食的調(diào)整是以分析他人的飲食習(xí)慣和結(jié)果(即如何看待他人)為基礎(chǔ)的，故C項(xiàng)正確。[為什么考·有何價(jià)值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第12題主