高中英語 閱讀理解-信息匹配題

課題信息匹配

1訓練學生快速閱讀獲取信息和處理信息的能力

教學目標

2.掌握信息匹配的技巧

占

重八、、如何快速找準關鍵詞獲取信息

難點同上

作業(yè)完型填空訓練

閱讀技巧小“tips”

信息匹配

?考綱解讀

信息匹配是廣東高考英語2007年開始出現(xiàn)的新題型，其命題的主要目的是：考

查考生通過快速閱讀獲取信息和處理信息的能力。這種題型，既有助于對學生

快速閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)，也有助于對學生進行信息的加工、分析、比較能力的培

養(yǎng)，對中學英語教學在語言技能應用方面會有較好的導向作用。

高考信息匹配題可能涉及的內容有：

(1)與人們的日常生活相關的信息，如求職、招聘、購物、餐飲、食品、電腦配

置、手機選擇、購車、購房等；

(2)與人們的休閑娛樂相關的信息，如旅游度假、電視頻道的選擇、電影信息、

娛樂明星、運動健身等；

(3)與人們獲取知識相關的信息，如網站搜索、選擇適當?shù)恼n程、大學專業(yè)的選

擇、各類書籍的選擇等。

廣東高考英語信息匹配題的文章體裁一般屬于應用文，重點考查學生語

言實際應用的能力，試題難度適中。

以下是廣東省近3年高考信息匹配題的對照表

、項目

內容與體裁

年度'

將兒童讀物的封面及基本信息與其書名匹配起來

2009年

（應用文）

2010年把評論與相關插圖及提示性文字匹配起來（應用文）

將相關背景簡介或故事梗概與影視作品的海報及提

2011年

示性文字匹配起來（應用文）

?應試點睛

關于閱讀信息匹配題，能否在有限的時間內高效率地完成是獲得高分的關鍵，其

次在閱讀時的一些習慣也要注意。有必要對文段中的一些重要句子、單詞用筆劃

記下來，這樣可以加深你的印象，也讓你在尋找信息時目光有落腳點，切忌用筆

尖逐詞或尺子逐行地去閱讀。

信息匹配題的解題技巧：

1.巧用先題后文法。先題后文法是考生做閱讀理解常用的一種方法。對于

信息匹配題來說，“先題后文''指的就是先讀匹配對象，然后帶著匹配對象中的

關鍵信息閱讀前面的信息材料，最后確定答案。這種方法的好處就在于，它可

以提高閱讀的針對性，從而提高解題速度和答題的準確性。

2.巧辨關鍵信息。采用先題后文法的目的是為了有針對性地尋找答題信息，但

有時答題信息不止一個，可能有多個，此時就需要考生能夠辨認其中的關鍵信

息，并將其與題目所給對象進行匹配。

3.巧用文體知識。不同的文體往往有其特定的格式化內容，如招聘廣告中

通常有年齡、學歷、經驗等方面的要求；產品宣傳廣告中通常有產品的特點、優(yōu)

勢、價格等信息?？忌谧鲱}時，要注意根據(jù)題目要求，同時結合各閱讀材料

的具體內容，通過比較和分析，從而確定答案。

4.巧補省略文字。信息匹配題通常涉及的是應用文，而應用文類文體的語

言都比較簡潔和精煉，有時甚至還會出現(xiàn)一些省略句。考生做題時若能具備這

方面的一些知識和能力，并能根據(jù)上下文對所省略的句子作出準確理解，則可

大大提高得分率。

?題型探究

探究點一順讀法

順讀法：了解短文大意，明確題目要求。按照題目內容順序快速瀏覽文章首

句、尾句和關鍵詞語，了解文段的大意并明確試題的具體要求，然后再按照符合

的要求進行匹配。建議考生使用這種方法，因為按照此種方法比較容易記住信息

點，快速答題。

例1請閱讀下列應用文和相關信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

首先，請閱讀下面的應用文：

A.JohnLewiswasknownforhiscreativity.Hewasaskilledpianoplayerand

musicaldirectoroftheModernJazz.Hewasfondoftraditionaljazz,bluesandbebop.

YethewasgreatlyinfluencedbytraininginEuropeanclassicalmusic.

B.PaulRobesonwasborninPrinceton,NewJerseyin1908.Hewasanexcellent

studentandathlete.RutgersUniversityinNewJerseygavehimmoney,sohecould

studythere.Healsowasthetopstudentinhisclass.Hebecameaprofessionalactor,

anO'Neillstar.

C.BillieHolidaywroteabookaboutherlife——LadySingstheBlues.Afewmonths

later,shewasarrestedagainforpossessingillegaldrugs.Butinsteadofgoingto

prison,shewaspermittedtoseektreatmenttoendherdependenceondrugs.

D.LarryAdlerdidn'tknowhowtoreadmusicasayoungman.Hecouldlistentoa

recordplayedafewtimesandthenplaythesongwithhisharmonica.Hecoulddothis

withextremelydifficultsongs.Notbeingabletoreadmusicdidnotseemtoharmhis

career.

E.Natformedagroupthatplayedjazzmusicin1937.Thetrioreportedlydidnot

needadrummerbecauseNafspianoplayingkeptthebeatsowell.Theynamedthe

group,TheKingColeTrio.NatplayedthepianoinNewYorkandLosAngelesasa

youngman.

F.IsaacSternwasmorethanagi*eatviolinplayer.Hewasoneofthemosthonored

musiciansintheworld.Hewasaninternationalculturalambassador.Hewasamajor

supporteroftheartsinAmericaandinothercountries.

以下是人物情況介紹，請匹配與之相對應的歌手：

()1.Herlastperformancewasin1959.Shediedthatyear.Herhealthwasruined

byusingillegaldrugsanddrinkingtoomuchalcohol.ButLadyDaylivesonthrough

herrecordingsthatcontinuetoinfluencethebestjazzsingers.

()2.HewasoneofthefinestmusicianstorecordwithnewCapitolRecord.Bythe

middle1940s,NatKingColewasbeginningtobeknownasapopularsingeraswell

asajazzpianoplayer.

()3.HejoinedtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggrouplinkedtoAmerican

playwrightEugeneO'Neillinthe1920s.

()4.GeorgeGershwinusedaspecialdevicecalledarecordingpianotoplayand

record“RhapsodyinBlue”.Afterthefamouscomposer'sdeath,heoftenplayedthe

harmonicawiththerecordingpianoofGeorgeGershwin.

()5.Hecombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazztocreatesongsforhimself

andthethreeothermembersofhisquartet.Hebelievedmusicshouldbesimpleand

clear,yetplayedinameaningfulway.

【解析】

1.Cillegaldrugs與illegaldrugs匹配;LadyDay與LadySingstheBlues

對應。

2.ENatKingCole與TheKingColeTrio匹配；ajazzpianoplayer與Nat

playedthepiano對應。

3.BtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggroup...EugeneO'NeiH與a

professionalactor,anO'Neillstar對應。

4.Dtheharmonicawiththerecordingpiano和thesongwithhisharmonica匹

配。

5.Acombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazz與wasfbndoftraditional

jazz以及classicalmusic匹酉己。

探究點二倒讀法

依照題項信息，尋找匹配信息、。先讀懂后面的題項，抓住關鍵信息，然后再帶著

所獲關鍵信息，有針對地查找所需要的或相關的匹配信息，選擇到一個就劃記一

個選項，以免干擾視線。

例2閱讀下列應用文及相關信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

以下是某廣告欄目內容的信息介紹：

A.CSI:TheExperience@CaliforniaScienceCenter

Thisimmersive,interactiveforensicscienceexhibitbasedonthetelevisionshow

“CSI"allowsvisitorstouserealforensicequipmenttosolvehypotheticalcrimes.

Multimediapresentationsillustratethesciencebehindtheshow.

B.ScrippsCeramicAnnual@RuthChandlerWilliamsonGallery,ScrippsCollege

The65thScrippsCeramicAnnualGuestcreatedbyassistantprofessorofceramics

（陶瓷）AdamDavis,thisyear'scelebrationofScrippsCollege'sstoriedceramics

programfeaturesworksbyToriArpad,ChristyGast,JeffIrwin,CharlesKrafft,Io

Palmer,KatherineL.Ross,AndersRuhwald,ReinaldoSanguineandDavishimself.

C.CostumesfromOscarfilmsondisplay

ThecostumesfromOscarnominatedfilms"Frost/NixorT,"Milk"and"HellboyII：

TheGoldenArmy“willbeondisplayatUniversalStudiosHollywoodaspartof”The

UniversalExperience:BehindtheScenesofUniversalPictures^^beginningFeb.17.

D.FromRussia,withlove

Getreadyfor"V-Day“Russia-styleinHollywoodtonight.Ex-patsfromMoscowwill

bedancingtohousemusicandmoreat“Cupid'sPlayground"Friday.Nocoverfbr

ladiesbefore11p.m.andfreechampagneandstrawberriesfbrallbefore10：30p.m.

E."IAmChange,9celebration

Enjoyfood,wineandspiritsasyoudancetoamerrymixofsmoothjazz,R&Band

soulmusicatChristianGonzalez's"IAmChange^^bashcelebratingBlackHistory

MonthSundaynight.Cocktailorsemi-formalattirerequired.$20.8.p.m.

F.PresidentialInauguration（就職）inLEGOs@LegolandCalifornia

Can'tmakeittoWashingtonD.C.toseeBarackObamaswear?HeadtoCarlsbad

whereLegolandrecreatesthepresidentialinaugurationinLegos.Morethan1,000

mini-figureshavebeencreatedoutofthousandsofLEGObricksincludingObama

andhisfamily,vice-presidentJosephBidenandhiswifeJill,GeorgeandLauraBush

andmanyothers.

以下是一些人士的情況，請為他們選擇合適的欄目信息：

()1.Heddyisateenagerwhoisquiteinterestedindetectivestories.Heis

fascinatedinhowthepoliceuseprofessionalandhi-techmeasures&equipmentto

findoutthetruthbehindeachcrimeandgetthecriminalstiedunderlaw.

()2.Sisi,ayounggirlandamovielover.Shehasalwaysimaginedherselftobe

thecharactersinmovies,devotingallherheartintofollowingeverybitoftheirlives,

especiallythecostumesandthesettings.

()3.JamiehasdevelopedaninterestinpoliticsandisnowstudyinginCalifornia

University.Butduetosomereasons,hehadnochancetojointhenewpresident's

swearinginceremony.Hehasviewedthescenemanytimes,butstillcouldnotfeel

thegeneralatmospherethere.

()4.Victoriaisacollegestudent,amajorinsculpture.Shehasfeltthatitis

beneficialtoappreciateotherformsofartcreation,sosheishighlyconcernedwiththe

relevantinformationofexhibitionandsimilarevents.

()5.Bandeisablackstudentstudyinglawincollege.Heisamemberofthe

collegebandandheisdevotedtothatkindofmusic一slow,melancholy,

mind-comforting.

【解析】

1.AHeddy對偵探故事及警察的破案過程感興趣，A展出此類題材。

2.CSisi喜歡電影和里面的服裝，可以去觀看C項展出。

3.FJamie對政治感興趣，想體驗新總統(tǒng)就職的氣氛，但無緣參與。F微

縮雕刻正再現(xiàn)了關于新總統(tǒng)、副總統(tǒng)及其家人等的一些場景。

4.BVictoria是雕刻專業(yè)的學生，同時關注其他藝術形式，而B是關于陶

瓷的藝術作品展出。

5.EBande是黑人，且酷愛音樂，尤其是舒緩、憂郁的，而由黑人發(fā)展來

的爵士、靈魂音樂正是這一風格，故E合適。

?實踐演練

(1)

A.PastaHouse-newItalianrestaurantlocatedintheheartofthecity.Simplebut

deliciousinexpensivemeals.Alsohasagoodrangeofvegetable-onlymeals.Ifs

alwayscrowdedsobereadytoordertake-awayorshareatable.Open11a.m.to

midnight.

B.ATasteofIndia-famousforitsspicycurriesandmanysouthernIndiandishes

usingchilli.Youwillusuallybeabletofindatableduringtheweekbutifyou're

planningtogoontheweekendmakesureyoubookatableinadvance.Opennoon

tomidnight.

C.ParisMatch-thisisthefinestFrenchrestaurantinthecity.Wonderfulfoodyou

canenjoyinluxurioussuiToundings.Theperfectplacetohavearomanticmealor

impressabusinesspartner,butbepreparedforalargebill.Opennoonto2a.m.

Bookingessential.

D.MountainDiner-notfancybuttasty.ExcellentAsianandEuropeandishes.

Countrysidelocationsurroundedbyforest.It'satleastanhour'sdrivefromthecity

soyoumightwanttostayatthenearbyMountainHotelovernight.Open7a.m.to

10p.m.

E.OwlCafe-open24hoursadaythecafehasalargeselectionofsetbreakfast,

lunchanddinnermealsforyoutochoosefrom,oryoucanenjoyoneoftheirmany

delicioussnacksanddessertsoveracupoffreshlymadecoffee.

EGreekBistro-alivelyrestaurantthatservesgreat-valueGreekfoodandhaslive

Greekmusicplayedbyalocalband.Customersareencouragedtotakepartinthe

entertainmentsobereadyforanightofloudfunandlaughter.Open6p.m.to2

a.m.

以下是五個人的選擇要求，請匹配每個人擬選擇的地方：

46.Bill-waslategettinguptodaysohasn'thadtimetomakebreakfast.Hewantsto

pickupsomethingtoeatbeforehegoestoworksohehasenoughenergytolast

throughtolunchtime.

47.Julie-worksinthecityandwantstogetsomelunch.Shedoesn'twantanything

toospecialsolongasitistastyandnottooexpensive.Julielikesallkindsoffood

butbecausesheisonadietshewantstoavoidanythingcontainingmeat.

48.Sally-hasfriendsvisitingherfromout-of-townandwantstotakethemtodinner.

Shewantstotakethemsomewheretheycanenjoytheatmosphereandhavefun.

Sheisauniversitystudentsodoesn'thavealotofmoneyanddoesn'tlikeherfood

toohot.

49.Albert-isabusinessmanwhowillmeetanimportantEuropeanclientfora

businessdinnernextweek.Wanttobookatableataquietrestaurantthatwill

impresshisguestwithbothitsfoodanditssurroundings.

50.Robert-ismeetinghisfriendBenforlunchtoday(Tuesday)andwantstotake

himtoanicerestaurant.BothRobertandBenenjoygoodqualityspicyfood.

Robertdoesn'tlikearrangingthingsinadvancesohehasn'tbookedatable.

(2)

五家公司想了解更多產品貨物服務情況。閱讀下面六個貨物服務機構相關介紹選

項(A、B、C、D、E和F),選出符合各家公司需求的最佳選項。

CargoService

A.Beijing/Dandong/Pyongyang/NampoB.EASTINTERNATIONAL

AndyChaoTRANSPORTATIONLTD

TRAINSSERVICECOLTDAirExpress,OceanFreight(貨運)；

Add:99NongzhanguanNanlu,DomesticTransportation,Trucking,

ChaoyangDistrict,Beijing100026ExhibitionandCustomsdeclaration.

Tel:(86-10)65929973,65929974,HeadOffice:21XiaoyunRoad,

65913456Dongsanhuanbeilul,Beijing,100027,China.

Fax:(86-10)65943562Tel:(86-10)64618899

E-mail:andychao@public,gb.Com.Cn

C.COSCOINTERNATIONALAIRD.EastEuro-AsiaShippingAndTrading

FREIGHTCOLTDGmbhBeijingOffice

Internationalairexpressandcargosales,Shippingandforwardingagency

Sea-and-aircoordinatedtransportconsultancyandcontactfortrading

Information.business.

Add:1/F,LightBuildingA4,9thBlock,Add:RoomC403-C405,5,SanliheRoad,

Hepingli,Beijing100013,ChinaHaidianDistrict,Beijing100044,China

Tel:(86-10)64242071Tel:(86-10)68494453/68494485/68494455

Fax:(86-10)68494455Mr.RenHaili

Fax:(86-10)64204225/6

E.GMBH&COFR.MERER3SOHNF.ANNENGINTERNATIONALCARGO

Airandseainternationaltransportation,TRANSPORTATIONAGENCY

EspeciallyforexporttransportationfromSpace-booking,ware-housing&packaging;

Europetodifferentareas.Customsdeclaration,quarantine

RM62LandmarkTower2,Beijingexaminationandqualityinspection

100004,Chinadeclarationandinsurance;

Tel:(86-10)65907060Making&signingrelateddocuments

Fax:(86-10)65907058settlementsoffreightcharges.International

expressdelivery;Consultation.

Add:RM205,HuangshangBuilding,

Xiangheyuanzhongli,ChaoyangDistrict,

Beijing100028,China

Tel:(86-10)64638083

Fax:(86-10)64680198

請閱讀下列五個公司的基本想法，然后匹配相關信息：

1.Yourcargoesneedsellinginaforeigncountry.Soyouhavetocontactwith

thecompanymainlyengagedinexporttransportation.

2.YourcompanywantstoopenupamarketinRussiaandneedssomeadviceon

howtodotradingbusinesswithRussians.

3.Youwanttohaveyourgoodstransportedabroadbyshipwithoutyourgoing

tothecustomsyourself.Andyourmanagerasksyoutotelephonethecompanyin

Beijingassoonaspossible.

4.Yourfirmhasalargenumberofplasticproductswhichwillbesoldinsome

areaslikeNorthChinaorNorthKorea.Trainsserviceisamust.

5.Yourcompanyhasnewlybeensetupandintendstosetfootininternational

trade.Soyouneedtoknowmoreinformationviatransportationagency.

?家庭作業(yè)

Haveyoueverheardthestoryofthefbur-minutemile?Foryearspeoplebelieved

thatitisimpossibleforahumanbeingtoJ_amileinlessthanfourminutesuntil

RogerBanisterprovedit_2_in1954.Withinoneyear,37runners_3_thebelief

barrier.Andtheyearafterthat,300otherrunnersdidthesamething.

Whathappensifyouputananimalina_4_?Anyanimal,bigorsmall,willswim

itswaythrough.Whathappenswhensomeone,whodoesnotknowhowtoswim,falls

indeepwaters?You5.Ifananimalwhohasnotlearnedswimmingcould_6_by

swimming,whynotyou?Becauseyoubelieveyouwilldrownwhiletheanimaldoes

not.

These_7_showthepowerofbeliefs.Thereisnoothermore_8_forcein

directinghumanbehaviorthanbelief.Ourbeliefsha