Unit8NaturaldisastersPeriod3Grammar課件牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)

Unit8

NaturaldisastersPeriod3Grammar課前自主預(yù)習(xí)單詞闖關(guān)損壞；打破

vi.________→(過(guò)去式)________

→(過(guò)去分詞)________

→壞的

adj.________breakbrokenbrokebroken短語(yǔ)互譯1.在路邊

____________________2.(車輛或機(jī)器)出故障，壞掉

____________3.becauseof____________4.fallover____________由于onthesideoftheroadbreakdown跌倒句型在線1.多么可怕的暴風(fēng)雪啊！________aterriblesnowstorm!2.桑迪，我看到你和你父母正站在路邊。Sandy，Isawyouandyourparents________________________________oftheroad.3.因?yàn)樘鞖饫?，我爸爸的汽車出故障了。Mydad′scar__________becauseofthecoldweatherbrokedownWhatstandingontheside語(yǔ)法聚焦1.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)2.when，while與as的用法課文呈現(xiàn)APastcontinuoustenseWeusethepastcontinuoustensetotalkaboutthingsthatwerehappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.我們用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)談?wù)撨^(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情。Iwas(not)sleepingat10p.m.lastnight.You/We/Theywere(not)He/She/Itwas(not)WasIsleepingat10p.m.lastnight?Wereyou/we/theyWashe/she/itYes，Iwas.you/we/theywere.he/she/itwas.No，Iwasn′t.you/we/theyweren′t.he/she/itwasn′t.AsnowstormhitSunshineTown

?AsnowstormhitSunshineTown.MrWuisaskingthestudentsaboutit.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MrWu：Whataterriblesnowstorm!Itstartedataboutseventhismorning.I(1)___________(read)thenewspaperthen.What(2)________you________(do)，Simon?Simon：I(3)____________(have)breakfast.MrWu：Whataboutyou，Millie?wasreading

weredoingwashavingMillie：I(4)___________(walk)tothebusstop.Sandy，Isawyouandyourparentsstandingonthesideoftheroad.(5)_________you___________(wait)forataxi?waswalkingWerewaitingSandy：Yes.Mydad′scarbrokedownbecauseofthecoldweather.He(6)___________(ring)someonetocomeandhelpwhenyousawus.wasringingBUsingwhen,whileandasWhen，whileandascanbeusedasconjunctionsoftime.Theyallmean“duringthetimethat”.When、while和as可以用作時(shí)間的連詞。它們都表示“在那段時(shí)間內(nèi)”。Iwassleepingwhentheearthquakestarted.Peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.AsIwastryingtofindmywayout，Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.地震發(fā)生時(shí)我正在睡覺(jué)。人們四處奔跑，玻璃和磚塊紛紛落下。正當(dāng)我試圖找到出去的路時(shí)，我突然聽(tīng)到上面有聲音。

Note：Whenashorteractionhappenedatthesametimeasalongeraction，weusethepastcontinuoustenseforthelongeractionandthesimplepasttensefortheshorteraction.Whentherearetwolongactions，weoftenusewhile.

注意：當(dāng)一個(gè)較短的動(dòng)作與一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，我們用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示較短的動(dòng)作。當(dāng)有兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常使用while。Iftheshorteractionisinthemainclause，wecanusewhen，whileorastojointhem.如果較短的動(dòng)作在主句中，我們可以使用when、while

或as

來(lái)連接它們。When/While/AsMilliewaswatchingTVAndycameintotheroom.當(dāng)Millie看電視的時(shí)候Andy走進(jìn)了房間。Ifthelongeractionisinthemainclause，weoftenusewhentojointhem.如果主句中有較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，我們經(jīng)常用When加入它們。MilliewaswatchingTVwhen

Andycameintotheroom.Andy進(jìn)屋時(shí)Millie正在看電視。Weuseacommatoseparatethetwoclausesifwhen，whileorascomesatthebeginningofthesentence.如果when、while或as出現(xiàn)在句首，我們就用逗號(hào)分隔這兩個(gè)從句。Whentheearthquakestarted，mostpeopleweresleeping.地震發(fā)生時(shí)，大多數(shù)人都在睡覺(jué)。Playinginthesnow?SomeClass1，Grade8studentswenttoplayinthesnow.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Usewhen，whileorastoconnectthesentences.1____________Simon______________(arrive)，Amy____________(get)somesnowfromtheground.2______________SuzyandKitty____________(build)asnowman，Millie_____________(take)photos.3Daniel_________(fall)over__________________he____________(make)abigsnowball.WhenarrivedWhen/While/Aswerebuildingwastakingwasgettingfellwhile/as/whenwasmaking4Peter____________(hide)behindatree__________asnowball____________(hit)him.5______________Millieandherclassmates__________(play)inthesnow，Andy_______(run)towardsthem.wereplayingWhen/While/Asranwashidingwhenhit考點(diǎn)精講

break

vi.損壞；打破[觀察]

Mydad′scarbrokedownbecauseofthecoldweather.因?yàn)樘鞖饫洌野职值钠嚦龉收狭?。MyheartwouldbreakwhenIheardthenews.我聽(tīng)到這則消息時(shí)，心都要碎了。[探究]

break作________動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常由物作主語(yǔ)。不及物[拓展]break還可作________動(dòng)詞，意為“打破，打碎”；也可作________，意為“休息，暫?！保Ｓ枚陶Z(yǔ)為_(kāi)__________________，意為“休息一會(huì)兒”。________為形容詞，意為“破碎的，壞掉的”。及物名詞have/takeabreakbroken[搭配]活學(xué)活用

(1)—Manager，allthemachines________justnow!—What?Calltheengineeratonce.A.brokedown

B.turneddownC.brokeout

D.turnedoutA

[解析]考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。

breakdown意為“(車輛或機(jī)器)出故障，壞掉”；turndown意為“調(diào)低(聲音)”；breakout意為“爆發(fā)”；turnout意為“證明是……”。

句意：“經(jīng)理，剛才所有機(jī)器都?jí)牧?！”“什么？立刻給工程師打電話?！惫蔬xA。(2)Ididn′twatchTVlastnight,becausemyTVsetwas________(break)．broken句型透視1Whataterriblesnowstorm!多么可怕的暴風(fēng)雪?。探究]該句是由________引導(dǎo)的省略了主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的感嘆句，其完整結(jié)構(gòu)為“Whataterriblesnowstormitis！”。what[拓展]由what/how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

What＋形容詞＋________名詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))!What＋a/an＋形容詞＋________可數(shù)名詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))!What＋形容詞＋_______可數(shù)名詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))!不可數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)________＋形容詞/副詞(＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ))!Whatfineweatheritis!多么晴朗的天氣啊！Howheavilyitisraining!雨下得多么大啊！How活學(xué)活用

(1)________cleverdogLuckyis!ItcanunderstandMrSmith′sorders.A.What

B.Whata

C.HowD.HowaB[解析]考查感嘆句。句意：Lucky是一只多么聰明的狗?。∷芾斫馐访芩瓜壬拿?。此題考查的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)：What＋a/an＋形容詞＋名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！故選B。(2)—________fastChinaisdeveloping!—Yes，wearesoluckytoliveinsuchagreatcountry.A.WhatB.Whata

C.HowD.HowaC[解析]考查感嘆句。句意：“中國(guó)發(fā)展得多么迅速??！”“是的，我們是如此的幸運(yùn)，能生活在這樣一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家。”該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是副詞fast，應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)，其感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)為“How＋副詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！”。故選C。語(yǔ)法聚焦過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)教材典句1．Theyweredoingmorningexercisesat9:05yesterday

morning.2．TheywereplayingbasketballatthistimelastSunday.3．Shewasdrinkingmilkatthistimeyesterday.4．Iwasplayingcomputergames

atthattime.5．Shewasreadingnewspaper

from10to11yesterdaymorning語(yǔ)法探究●1

：be(was/were)+verb-ingWeusethepastcontinuoustensetotalkaboutthingsthatwerehappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.(1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行n時(shí)主要表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。e.g.a)

Theywereeatingbreakfastat7:00amyesterday.b)

Iwaswritingaletteratthistimeyesterday.c)

Fiveminutesago，DannywaslookingoutofthewindowandSuzywasreadingabook.(2)在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作e.g.a)From1983to1998，hewasteachingatYale.b)

Theywerebuildingadamlastwinter.●2

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句式1)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were＋V-ing2)肯定句：

主語(yǔ)＋was/were＋V-ing3)否定句：was/werenot＋V-ingwasnot＝wasn′twerenot＝weren′t4)疑問(wèn)句：將was/were移到主語(yǔ)前5)特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞＋was/were＋主語(yǔ)＋V-ing…?活學(xué)活用