Unit8NaturaldisastersPeriod3Grammar課件牛津譯林版八年級英語上冊

Unit8

NaturaldisastersPeriod3Grammar課前自主預習單詞闖關(guān)損壞；打破

vi.________→(過去式)________

→(過去分詞)________

→壞的

adj.________breakbrokenbrokebroken短語互譯1.在路邊

____________________2.(車輛或機器)出故障，壞掉

____________3.becauseof____________4.fallover____________由于onthesideoftheroadbreakdown跌倒句型在線1.多么可怕的暴風雪啊！________aterriblesnowstorm!2.桑迪，我看到你和你父母正站在路邊。Sandy，Isawyouandyourparents________________________________oftheroad.3.因為天氣冷，我爸爸的汽車出故障了。Mydad′scar__________becauseofthecoldweatherbrokedownWhatstandingontheside語法聚焦1.過去進行時2.when，while與as的用法課文呈現(xiàn)APastcontinuoustenseWeusethepastcontinuoustensetotalkaboutthingsthatwerehappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.我們用過去進行時來談?wù)撨^去某個特定時間發(fā)生的事情。Iwas(not)sleepingat10p.m.lastnight.You/We/Theywere(not)He/She/Itwas(not)WasIsleepingat10p.m.lastnight?Wereyou/we/theyWashe/she/itYes，Iwas.you/we/theywere.he/she/itwas.No，Iwasn′t.you/we/theyweren′t.he/she/itwasn′t.AsnowstormhitSunshineTown

?AsnowstormhitSunshineTown.MrWuisaskingthestudentsaboutit.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MrWu：Whataterriblesnowstorm!Itstartedataboutseventhismorning.I(1)___________(read)thenewspaperthen.What(2)________you________(do)，Simon?Simon：I(3)____________(have)breakfast.MrWu：Whataboutyou，Millie?wasreading

weredoingwashavingMillie：I(4)___________(walk)tothebusstop.Sandy，Isawyouandyourparentsstandingonthesideoftheroad.(5)_________you___________(wait)forataxi?waswalkingWerewaitingSandy：Yes.Mydad′scarbrokedownbecauseofthecoldweather.He(6)___________(ring)someonetocomeandhelpwhenyousawus.wasringingBUsingwhen,whileandasWhen，whileandascanbeusedasconjunctionsoftime.Theyallmean“duringthetimethat”.When、while和as可以用作時間的連詞。它們都表示“在那段時間內(nèi)”。Iwassleepingwhentheearthquakestarted.Peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.AsIwastryingtofindmywayout，Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.地震發(fā)生時我正在睡覺。人們四處奔跑，玻璃和磚塊紛紛落下。正當我試圖找到出去的路時，我突然聽到上面有聲音。

Note：Whenashorteractionhappenedatthesametimeasalongeraction，weusethepastcontinuoustenseforthelongeractionandthesimplepasttensefortheshorteraction.Whentherearetwolongactions，weoftenusewhile.

注意：當一個較短的動作與一個較長的動作同時發(fā)生時，我們用過去進行時表示較長的動作，用一般過去時表示較短的動作。當有兩個長動作時，我們經(jīng)常使用while。Iftheshorteractionisinthemainclause，wecanusewhen，whileorastojointhem.如果較短的動作在主句中，我們可以使用when、while

或as

來連接它們。When/While/AsMilliewaswatchingTVAndycameintotheroom.當Millie看電視的時候Andy走進了房間。Ifthelongeractionisinthemainclause，weoftenusewhentojointhem.如果主句中有較長的動作，我們經(jīng)常用When加入它們。MilliewaswatchingTVwhen

Andycameintotheroom.Andy進屋時Millie正在看電視。Weuseacommatoseparatethetwoclausesifwhen，whileorascomesatthebeginningofthesentence.如果when、while或as出現(xiàn)在句首，我們就用逗號分隔這兩個從句。Whentheearthquakestarted，mostpeopleweresleeping.地震發(fā)生時，大多數(shù)人都在睡覺。Playinginthesnow?SomeClass1，Grade8studentswenttoplayinthesnow.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Usewhen，whileorastoconnectthesentences.1____________Simon______________(arrive)，Amy____________(get)somesnowfromtheground.2______________SuzyandKitty____________(build)asnowman，Millie_____________(take)photos.3Daniel_________(fall)over__________________he____________(make)abigsnowball.WhenarrivedWhen/While/Aswerebuildingwastakingwasgettingfellwhile/as/whenwasmaking4Peter____________(hide)behindatree__________asnowball____________(hit)him.5______________Millieandherclassmates__________(play)inthesnow，Andy_______(run)towardsthem.wereplayingWhen/While/Asranwashidingwhenhit考點精講

break

vi.損壞；打破[觀察]

Mydad′scarbrokedownbecauseofthecoldweather.因為天氣冷，我爸爸的汽車出故障了。MyheartwouldbreakwhenIheardthenews.我聽到這則消息時，心都要碎了。[探究]

break作________動詞時，通常由物作主語。不及物[拓展]break還可作________動詞，意為“打破，打碎”；也可作________，意為“休息，暫?！?，常用短語為___________________，意為“休息一會兒”。________為形容詞，意為“破碎的，壞掉的”。及物名詞have/takeabreakbroken[搭配]活學活用

(1)—Manager，allthemachines________justnow!—What?Calltheengineeratonce.A.brokedown

B.turneddownC.brokeout

D.turnedoutA

[解析]考查動詞短語辨析。

breakdown意為“(車輛或機器)出故障，壞掉”；turndown意為“調(diào)低(聲音)”；breakout意為“爆發(fā)”；turnout意為“證明是……”。

句意：“經(jīng)理，剛才所有機器都壞了！”“什么？立刻給工程師打電話。”故選A。(2)Ididn′twatchTVlastnight,becausemyTVsetwas________(break)．broken句型透視1Whataterriblesnowstorm!多么可怕的暴風雪?。探究]該句是由________引導的省略了主語和謂語的感嘆句，其完整結(jié)構(gòu)為“Whataterriblesnowstormitis！”。what[拓展]由what/how引導的感嘆句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

What＋形容詞＋________名詞(＋主語＋謂語)!What＋a/an＋形容詞＋________可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)!What＋形容詞＋_______可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)!不可數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)________＋形容詞/副詞(＋主語＋謂語)!Whatfineweatheritis!多么晴朗的天氣??！Howheavilyitisraining!雨下得多么大??！How活學活用

(1)________cleverdogLuckyis!ItcanunderstandMrSmith′sorders.A.What

B.Whata

C.HowD.HowaB[解析]考查感嘆句。句意：Lucky是一只多么聰明的狗?。∷芾斫馐访芩瓜壬拿?。此題考查的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)：What＋a/an＋形容詞＋名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！故選B。(2)—________fastChinaisdeveloping!—Yes，wearesoluckytoliveinsuchagreatcountry.A.WhatB.Whata

C.HowD.HowaC[解析]考查感嘆句。句意：“中國發(fā)展得多么迅速啊！”“是的，我們是如此的幸運，能生活在這樣一個偉大的國家?！痹摼鋸娬{(diào)的是副詞fast，應(yīng)用how引導，其感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)為“How＋副詞＋主語＋謂語！”。故選C。語法聚焦過去進行時教材典句1．Theyweredoingmorningexercisesat9:05yesterday

morning.2．TheywereplayingbasketballatthistimelastSunday.3．Shewasdrinkingmilkatthistimeyesterday.4．Iwasplayingcomputergames

atthattime.5．Shewasreadingnewspaper

from10to11yesterdaymorning語法探究●1

：be(was/were)+verb-ingWeusethepastcontinuoustensetotalkaboutthingsthatwerehappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.(1)過去進行n時主要表示在過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。e.g.a)

Theywereeatingbreakfastat7:00amyesterday.b)

Iwaswritingaletteratthistimeyesterday.c)

Fiveminutesago，DannywaslookingoutofthewindowandSuzywasreadingabook.(2)在過去某段時間一直在進行的動作e.g.a)From1983to1998，hewasteachingatYale.b)

Theywerebuildingadamlastwinter.●2

過去進行時的句式1)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were＋V-ing2)肯定句：

主語＋was/were＋V-ing3)否定句：was/werenot＋V-ingwasnot＝wasn′twerenot＝weren′t4)疑問句：將was/were移到主語前5)特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋was/were＋主語＋V-ing…?活學活用