Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguage課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguageBuildupyourvocabularyPartone01Part01BuildupyourvocabularyReadthepassageaboutLuXun.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.insistobtainobjectiveacknowledgeapparentlycrucialLuXun,___________asoneofthegreatestmodernwritersinChina,wasborninShaoxingZhejiangProvincein1881.In1904,hewenttoJapanandbecameamedicalstudent,withthe_________ofimprovingpeople'shealthandsavinglives.However,hechangedhismindwhenhesawinaphotoaChinesemanabouttobekilledbyaJapanesesoldier.ItstruckhimthattheotherChinesemeninthephoto_________didnotcareaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfellowcountrymen.acknowledgedobjectiveapparentlyFromthis,heconcludedthatthe_________probleminChinawasnotphysicalillness,butthespiritualillnessofpeopleatthattime.Followingthis,hequitmedicalschool.WhenhereturnedtoChinain1908.he_________ateachingjob.In1917,afriend_________thathehelpwriteforamagazinecalledNewYouth,ThatwashowhisfirstfamousshortstoryAMadman'sDiarygotpublished.crucialobtainedinsistedDiscoverusefulstructurePartone01Part02一、定語(yǔ)從句的定義：

用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞（antecedent）。定語(yǔ)從句一般是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)的。相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞的作用。eg:1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatments

thatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.

2.TuYouyouwenttoHainan

wheremalariawasmorecommontostudymalariapatients.定語(yǔ)從句歸納總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句歸納總結(jié)二、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的作用：1、引導(dǎo)作用2、替代作用3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的作用eg:TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizewhichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.

做好教學(xué)常規(guī)建設(shè)定語(yǔ)從句歸納總結(jié)三、關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)Revision定語(yǔ)從句歸納總結(jié)三、關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)做好教學(xué)常規(guī)建設(shè)ComparisionThewomanwhodiscoveredArtemisininwasawardedtheNobelPrize.TuYouyou,

whodiscoveredArtemisinin,wasawardedtheNobelPrize.分析兩種定語(yǔ)從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語(yǔ)從句省略后主語(yǔ)所指就不明確，所以不能省略做好教學(xué)常規(guī)建設(shè)Comparision3.Later,malariapatientsmostofwhomrecoveredtestedthemedicine.4.Later,Mr.Wangs,mostofwhomrecovered,testedthemedicine.

后來(lái)，大部分痊愈的瘧疾病人接種了這種藥。后來(lái)，王先生一家人接種了這種藥，他的大部分家人痊愈了。Summary非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)常有who,whom,which,whose,as,when,where等關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)。從句只是對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。翻譯時(shí)常常不做定語(yǔ)，而是譯成與主句并列的句子。1.TuYouyouwasadwardedtheNobelPrize,

whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.(指代theNobelPrize)

屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)被公認(rèn)為是一個(gè)人所能獲得的最高級(jí)別的國(guó)際榮譽(yù)之一。2.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,where

malariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.(指代

inHainan)

屠呦呦去海南研究瘧疾病人，在那里瘧疾更普遍。3.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.(指代malariapatients)后來(lái)，該藥在瘧疾病人身上測(cè)試了，他們大多數(shù)人痊愈了。做好教學(xué)常規(guī)建設(shè)Howtochangeintonon-restrictiverelativeclauses?如何變成非限制性定語(yǔ)從句？

Example1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,where(=inGermany)Hitlerwasinpower.theoldmanHe=?我們對(duì)那個(gè)老人印象非常深刻，他不愿意承認(rèn)失敗。Germanythere=?后來(lái)，愛(ài)因斯坦不得不逃離德國(guó)，在那里希特勒掌權(quán)。2.使用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題Ihavetoldhimthereason,why(×)/forwhich(√)Imissedtheearlybus.我沒(méi)能趕上早班車,我已經(jīng)告訴了他原因。ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,that(×)/which(√)isaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上最長(zhǎng)的田徑項(xiàng)目是50公里競(jìng)走,它比馬拉松長(zhǎng)約5英里。(1)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。(2)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich代替why。(3)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容,這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。3.as、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，as常譯為“正如”；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾整個(gè)主句時(shí),which常譯為“這，那”。(2)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可位于主句之前、之中或之后,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能位于主句之前。(3)which在定語(yǔ)從句中可以作定語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，而as不能。友情提醒a(bǔ)s引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用于下列一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中asisexpected不出所料asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的asweallknow/asisknowntoall眾所周知asisreported正如所報(bào)道的asisoftenthecase這是常有的事ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述4.“代詞/數(shù)詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一些數(shù)詞或代詞如allsome,one,both,neither,none,any,either等可與of起修飾關(guān)系代詞.常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，指物時(shí)用which，不可以用that。Hehasthreesons,twoofwhomaredoctors.他有三個(gè)兒子,其中兩個(gè)是醫(yī)生。Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthinkaredifficultforyou.問(wèn)題都在這兒,我認(rèn)為其中一些對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。5.六、關(guān)系代詞、人稱代詞、指示代詞的選擇判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并列句選關(guān)系代詞選人稱代詞或指示代詞ImetProfessorXu,whotoldmetheresultoftheelection.我遇到了許教授，他告訴了我選舉的結(jié)果。Thisismysmartphoneanditwasboughtyesterday.這是我昨天買的智能手機(jī)。PracticePartone01Part03Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.SentenceTypeFunctionthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthediseasewhichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceivewheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatientsmostofwhomrecoveredRestrictiveNon-restrictiveNon-restrictiveNon-restrictiveDescribeandmodifythekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested.GiveextrainformationaboutNobelPrize.GiveextrainformationaboutHainan.Giveextrainformationaboutthepatients.Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pe-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.6.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasinpower.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei--afamousChinese-Americanarchitect,whowasborninGuangzhou,China.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.1.Iwouldliketotravelaround...,...2.Whatimpressedmemost...,...3.Myfavouritescientistis...,...Workingroups.Completethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclausestogiveextrainformation.Thensharethemwithgroupmembers.4.Finallywearrivedat.......5.Mygrandparentslike...,...6.Iwishtoobtain...,...7.Mybestfriend...,...LanguagePointsPartone01Part04conclusionn.(綜合所有信息得出的)結(jié)論arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論Didyoucometoanyconclusions?你得出什么結(jié)論了嗎?n.結(jié)尾，末尾Ifoundtheconclusionofhisnovelveryinteresting.我覺(jué)得他的小說(shuō)的結(jié)尾很有趣。練習(xí)：In_________(conclude),shewishedherworkmateseverysuccessintheirwork.obtaintoobtainsthbydoingsth通過(guò)做某事獲得某事物abletoobtain能獲得的difficulttoobtain難得到的easytoobtain容易得到的obtainget取得，獲得obtainapproval得到認(rèn)可obtaindirectly直接獲得練習(xí)：Arrietawasaccusedofillegally_________(obtain)informationfromtheintelligenceservices.obtainingmindn.智力；理智，精神；意見(jiàn)changeone'smind改變某人的主意bear/keep...inmind將……在心中have...inmind心中有適當(dāng)人選(或想做的事等)fixone'smindon...把注意力集中于......bring/call...tomind想起，記起makeupone'smind下定決心;作出決定練習(xí)：無(wú)論你喜不喜歡，我都不會(huì)改變主意。apparentlyapparentadj.明顯的;顯而易見(jiàn)的beapparenttosb.對(duì)某人來(lái)講是明顯的It'sapp