高考英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專題和完形填空講解課件

2024gaokaoenglishsecondroundreviewgrammarandfillintheblanks目錄CONTENTSOverviewofEnglishGrammarBlankFillingintheCollegeEntranceExaminationAdetailedexplanationoftheusageofnounsandpronounsAdetailedexplanationoftheusageofadjectivesandadverbs目錄CONTENTSAdetailedexplanationofverbtensesandvoicesAdetailedexplanationofnonfiniteverbsandmodalverbsOnSubjunctiveMoodandEmphasizingSentencePatternsConciseexplanationofclausesandcoordinatesentencesIntroductiontoInvertedandOmittedSentences目錄CONTENTSPracticalPracticeofEnglishGrammarFillingintheBlankfortheCollegeEntranceExaminationCoursesummaryandexampreparationsuggestions01OverviewofEnglishGrammarBlankFillingintheCollegeEntranceExaminationContext-basedGrammarfill-in-the-blankquestionsoftenrequirestudentstounderstandthecontextofasentenceorpassagetocorrectlyfillintheblanks.CharacteristicsofgrammarfillintheblankquestiontypesGrammar-focusedThesequestionsteststudents'understandingofEnglishgrammarrulesandtheirabilitytoapplytheminagivencontext.Vocabulary-dependentAsolidvocabularyisessentialforidentifyingthecorrectwordstofillintheblanks.AnalysisofKeyPointsandDifficultiesinInspectionIdentifyingthecorrectgrammaticalstructureStudentsneedtoanalyzethesentencestructuretodeterminetheappropriategrammarruletoapply.UnderstandingcontextcluesReadingthesurroundingtextcarefullycanprovidevaluablehintsforfillingintheblankscorrectly.DistinguishingbetweensimilaroptionsSometimes,multiplechoicesmayseemviable,butstudentsmustcarefullyconsiderthenuancesbetweenthemtoselectthebestfit.ProblemsolvingstrategiesandtechniquesAnalyzethesentencestructure01Identifythesubject,verb,andobjectofthesentencetodeterminethegrammaticalfunctionofthemissingword.Usecontextclues02Lookforkeywordsorphrasesthatprovidehintsaboutthemissingword.Eliminateincorrectoptions03Crossoutchoicesthatdonotfitthecontextorgrammaticalstructureofthesentence.Practicemakesperfect04Regularpracticewithgrammarfill-in-the-blankquestionscanimproveyourabilitytoquicklyidentifythecorrectanswers.CommontypesoferrorsandpreventionmeasuresGrammaticalerrors01Avoidcommongrammarmistakes,suchassubject-verbdisagreementorincorrecttenseusage,bycarefullyreviewingyouranswers.Vocabularymisuse02Ensureyouunderstandtheprecisemeaningofeachwordandhowitfitsintothecontextofthesentence.Overlookingcontextclues03Payattentiontothesurroundingtextanduseittoguideyourchoices.Rushingthroughthequestions04Takeyourtimeandcarefullyconsidereachoptionbeforemakingaselection.02Adetailedexplanationoftheusageofnounsandpronouns01Nounscanbesingularorplural,reflectingthequantityofthereferredobject.Therulesforthevariationofnounnumbersandgender02Genderinnounsisoftenlinguistic,notbiological,andvariesacrosslanguages.03InEnglish,mostnounsdonothavegrammaticalgender,butsome,especiallythoseborrowedfromotherlanguages,mayretainit.04Numberandgendervariationscanaffectadjectiveandverbformsusedwiththenoun.Demonstrativepronouns(this,that,these,those)pointtospecificthingsorpeople.Pronounsreplacenounstoavoidrepetition,enhancingtextfluidity.Indefinitepronouns(someone,anyone,everyone)refertononspecificpeopleorthings.Personalpronouns(I,you,he/she/it,we,they)refertospecificindividualsorgroups.Possessivepronouns(mine,yours,his/hers/its,ours,theirs)showownership.AnalysisofPronounTypesandUsageExample3"_____ofthestudentspassedtheexam."Answer:All,illustratingtheuseofquantifiers.Example1"Eachstudentshouldbring_____ownbook."Answer:their,explainingtheuseofthepossessivepronounforagroup.Example2"Thecatchased_____mouseinto_____corner."Answer:a,the,demonstratingtheuseofindefiniteanddefinitearticles.AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestions"Isaw_____atthepark."Answerscouldinclude:them,her,him,dependingonthecontextandantecedent.PracticeQuestion1"Thebookbelongsto_____."Answersvarybasedontheowner:me,you,him/her,us,them.PracticeQuestion2It'scrucialtoidentifytheantecedentcorrectlyandmatchthepronouninnumber,gender,andcaseaccordingly.AnswerAnalysisPracticequestionsandansweranalysis03AdetailedexplanationoftheusageofadjectivesandadverbsThecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofadjectivesandadverbsusedtocomparetwothings,indicatingoneisbetterorworsethantheother.Foradjectives,add"-er"totheend(e.g.,bigger,faster);foradverbs,use"more"beforetheadverb(e.g.,morequickly,moreefficiently).Comparativeformusedtocomparethreeormorethings,indicatingoneisthebestorworst.Foradjectives,add"-est"totheend(e.g.,biggest,fastest);foradverbs,use"most"beforetheadverb(e.g.,mostquickly,mostefficiently).Superlativeformsomeadjectivesandadverbshaveirregularcomparativeandsuperlativeforms,suchas"good/better/best"and"bad/worse/worst."Irregularforms010203typicallyplacedbeforethenountheymodify(e.g.,"abeautifulgarden").Theycanalsobeusedaftertheverb"be"(e.g.,"Thegardenisbeautiful").Adjectivesusuallyplacedaftertheverboradjectivetheymodify(e.g.,"Shesingsbeautifully"or"Heisextremelytall").Someadverbs,suchas"always,""often,"and"never,"areplacedbeforetheverb.AdverbsThepositionofadjectivesandadverbsinsentencesExample1Choosethecorrectformoftheadjectivetocompletethesentence:"Mybrotheris_______(tall)thanme."Answer:taller.Explanation:Thesentencecomparestwopeople,sothecomparativeformoftheadjective"tall"isused.Example2Fillintheblankwiththecorrectsuperlativeformoftheadverb:"Shesings_______(beautifully)inherclass."Answer:mostbeautifully.Explanation:Thesentencecomparesthesingingabilityofmultiplepeople,sothesuperlativeformoftheadverb"beautifully"isused.AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestionsPracticequestion1:Completethesentencewiththecorrectcomparativeformoftheadjective:"Thisbookis_______(interesting)thanthatone."Answer:moreinteresting.Answeranalysis:It'simportanttoidentifywhetherthesentenceiscomparingtwoormorethingsandchoosetheappropriatecomparativeorsuperlativeformaccordingly.Payattentiontoirregularformsandthecorrectpositionofadjectivesandadverbsinsentences.Practicequestion2:Fillintheblankwiththecorrectsuperlativeformoftheadjective:"Heisthe_______(smart)studentinhisclass."Answer:smartest.Practicequestionsandansweranalysis04AdetailedexplanationofverbtensesandvoicesTheusageanddifferencesofcommonlyusedtensesSimplePresentTense:Usedtoexpresshabits,generaltruths,andrepeatedactions.SimplePastTense:Describesactionsoreventsthatoccurredinthepast.SimpleFutureTense:Expressesactionsoreventsthatwillhappeninthefuture.PresentPerfectTense:Describesactionsthathavebeencompletedinthepastbuthaverelevancetothepresent.PastPerfectTense:Describesactionsthathadbeencompletedbeforeanotherpastactionortime.0102030405TheCompositionandUsageofPassiveVoiceUsageUsedwhenthefocusisontheactionratherthantheperformeroftheaction,orwhentheperformerisunknownorunimportant.FormationThepassivevoiceisformedbycombiningtheappropriatetenseoftheverb"tobe"withthepastparticipleofthemainverb.123Identifyingthecorrecttenseinasentence.Changingactivesentencestopassiveandviceversa.Correctinggrammaticalerrorsinsentencesinvolvingverbtensesandvoices.AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestions01Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateverbtenseorvoice.Practicequestionsandansweranalysis020304Multiplechoicequestionstestingunderstandingofverbtensesandvoices.Open-endedquestionsrequiringstudentstoconstructsentencesusingspecifictensesorvoices.Answeranalysisprovidedforeachpracticequestion,explainingthereasoningbehindthecorrectanswer.05AdetailedexplanationofnonfiniteverbsandmodalverbsTheTypesandUsageofNonfiniteVerbs01Expressactionsorstateswithoutspecifyingaspecifictime,usedassubjects,objects,predicatives,oradverbials.Usedasthesubjectorobjectofaverb,expressinganactionthatisongoingorhabitual.Usedasadjectivesoradverbials,describingthestateorcharacteristicofthesubject,orthemanner,time,cause,andothercircumstancesoftheaction.0203InfinitivesGerundsParticiplesCan/CouldExpressingability,possibility,orpermission."Could"isthepasttenseof"can"andisoftenusedinconditionalsentencesortoexpressamorepoliterequest.May/MightTheUsageandDifferencesofModalVerbsExpressingpossibilityorpermission."Might"isthepasttenseof"may"andisoftenusedinconditionalsentencesortoexpressamoreuncertainpossibility.0102TheUsageandDifferencesofModalVerbsWill/WouldExpressingfutureactions,willingness,orhabits."Would"isthepasttenseof"will"andisoftenusedinconditionalsentencesortoexpressamorepoliterequestorsuggestion.Shall/ShouldExpressingobligation,suggestion,orinference."Should"isoftenusedtoexpressamorepoliteortentativesuggestion.MustExpressingobligation,necessity,orstronginference.Questiontypesandstrategiesforapproachingnon-finiteverbandmodalverbquestions.AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestionsDetailedexplanationsandanswerstoselectedclassicexamplequestions,highlightingkeypointsandcommonpitfalls.Tipsandtricksforidentifyingthecorrectanswersquicklyandaccurately.Asetofpracticequestionsdesignedtotestunderstandingofnon-finiteverbsandmodalverbs.Answersandexplanationsforeachpracticequestion,identifyingcommonmistakesandprovidingguidanceforimprovement.Strategiesforapproachingsimilarquestionsinthefuture,withafocusonimprovingaccuracyandspeed.Practicequestionsandansweranalysis06OnSubjunctiveMoodandEmphasizingSentencePatternsExpressingwishes,suggestions,orders,orhypothesesTheUsageandClassificationofSubjunctiveMood01Classifiedintopresentsubjunctiveandpastsubjunctive02Usedinconditionalsentences,wishes,andsuggestions03Distinguishingbetweenrealandunrealconditions0401030204Utilizing"Itis/was...that..."structureFunctionstohighlightspecificinformationinasentenceEmphasizingdifferentsentencecomponentssuchassubject,predicate,object,oradverbialEnhancingclarityandimpactofthestatementTheCompositionandUsageofEmphasizingSentencePatterns2014AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestionsExaminingsentencestructureandcontextIdentifyingthecorrectsubjunctivemoodandemphasizingsentencepatternsProvidingdetailedexplanationsandanswerstoclassicexamplequestionsEnhancingunderstandingthroughin-depthanalysis04010203OfferingarangeofpracticequestionsforreinforcementProvidinganswersandexplanationsforeachpracticequestionPracticequestionsandansweranalysis01020304AnalyzingcommonmistakesandmisunderstandingsFacilitatingmasteryofsubjunctivemoodandemphasizingsentencepatternsthroughpractice07Conciseexplanationofclausesandcoordinatesentences01That-clausefunctionsasthesubject,object,orcomplementinasentence,expressingafact,idea,oropinion.Whether/if-clauseusedtoexpressconditionsordoubts,oftenappearinginreportedspeechorindirectquestions.Wh-clauseintroducedbywh-words(what,which,who,whose,when,where,why,how),functioningasthesubject,object,orcomplement,askingforspecificinformation.Thetypesandusageofnounclauses0203Who,which,thatusedtointroducerelativeclauses,modifyingnounsorpronouns,providingadditionalinformationabouttheantecedent.01.TherelativewordsandusageofrelativeclausesWhoseusedtoshowpossessioninarelativeclause,referringtoapersonorthingthatownssomething.02.When,whereusedtointroducerelativeclausesthatdescribetimeorplace,respectively.03.introducedbywordslikewhen,while,as,after,before,etc.,expressingthetimerelationshipbetweenthemainclauseandtheadverbialclause.TimeclausesTheguidewordsandusageofadverbialclausesintroducedbywordslikebecause,since,as,sothat,suchthat,etc.,showingthereasonorresultofanaction.Causeandeffectclausesintroducedbyif,unless,providedthat,etc.,expressingaconditionthatmustbemetforthemainclausetobetrue.Conditionclauses01And,but,orusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses,expressingaddition,contrast,orchoice,respectively.Conjunctionsandusageofcoordinatesentences02So,forusedtoshowresultorreason,connectingtwoindependentclauses.03Yet,stillusedtoexpresscontrastoroppositionbetweentwoindependentclauses.Thissectionwillprovidedetailedexplanationsandanswerstoclassicexamplequestionsrelatedtoclausesandcoordinatesentences,helpingstudentsunderstandtheapplicationofgrammaticalrulesinspecificcontexts.AnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestions“PracticequestionsandansweranalysisThissectionwillincludepracticequestionsdesignedtoreinforcestudents'understandingofclausesandcoordinatesentences.Answersandexplanationswillbeprovidedforeachquestion,allowingstudentstoidentifyandcorrectanymisunderstandings.08IntroductiontoInvertedandOmittedSentencesCompletelyinverted:Placetheentirepredicatebeforethesubject,suchas"Theregoesthebell."Invertedsentencesareusedtoemphasizeadverbials,expresssurprise,emphasis,andothermoodsPayattentiontotheissueofsubjectverbconsistencyininvertedsentences,aswellasthepositionofnegationsininvertedsentencesPartialinversion:Placeonlyaportionofthepredicate(suchasauxiliaryverbs,modalverbs,etc.)beforethesubject,suchas"NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulsun."TheTypesandUsageofInvertedSentencesOmittinginsimplesentencesInsimplesentences,toavoidrepetition,componentsthathavealreadyappearedorcanbeinferredfromthecontextcanbeomitted,suchas"Ilikecoffeeand(Ilike)tea."OmittinginacoordinatesentenceInacoordinatesentence,thelastclausecanomitthesamecomponentsasthepreviousclausetoavoidrepetition,suchas"(Iam)Writingiscomplicated,but(writingis)rewarding.""TheCommonFormsandUsageofEllipsisSentencesTheCommonFormsandUsageofEllipsisSentencesOmittedsentencesarewidelyusedinspokenandwrittenlanguage,makinglanguagemoreconciseandclearPayattentiontothegrammarandlogicalrelationshipsinomittedsentencestoensurethattheomittedsentencestillmaintainsitscompletemeaningAnalyzetheinvertedandomittedsentencesinclassicexamples,understandtheirgrammaticalstructureandusagePayattentiontotrapsinthequestion,suchassubjectverbinconsistency,tenseerrors,etcMasteringproblem-solvingskills,suchasinferringomittedcomponentsthroughcontextandidentifyingkeyinformationininvertedsentencesImprovesensitivityandaccuracytowardsinvertedandomittedsentencesthroughextensivepracticeAnalysisandAnswerstoClassicExampleQuestionsProvidealargenumberofpracticequestions,includingmultiple-choicequestions,fillintheblankquestions,etc.,tohelpstudentsconsolidatetheirknowledgeAnalyzethedifficultiesandcommonmistakesintheexercisequestions,provideadetailedsolutionprocessandproblem-solvingideasEncouragestudentstothinkandsummarizemore,continuouslyimprovetheirEnglishproficiencyandproblem-solvingabilitiesProvidepersonalizedtutoringandadvicetailoredtothedifferentsituationsofstudents,helpingthembettermastertheusageandskillsofinvertedandomittedsentencesPracticequestionsandansweranalysis09PracticalPracticeofEnglishGrammarFillingintheBlankfortheCollegeEntranceExaminationReviewandAnalysisofHistoricalTrueQuestionsIdentificationofcommontrapsandpitfallsinblankfillingquestionsStrategiesforapproachingcomplexquestionswithmultipleblanksDiscussiononhowtoavoidcommonmistakesmadebystudentsAnalysisoffrequentlytestedgrammarpointsinpas