2020-2021學(xué)年福建省三明市第一中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題解析版

三明一中2021—2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期開學(xué)考試高一英語試題〔考試時間：120分鐘；總分值：150分〕本試卷由四個局部組成，其中第一、二局部和第三局部的第一節(jié)為選擇題，第三局部的第二節(jié)和第四局部為非選擇題?？忌⒁猓?.考生答題時，將答案寫在專用答題卡上。選擇題答案請用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案涂黑；非選擇題答案請用直徑0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作答，但凡答題不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一律無效2.考生應(yīng)遵守考試規(guī)定，做到“誠信考試，杜絕舞弊〞。第一局部聽力理解〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕第一節(jié)〔共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分〕聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.AcoatB.Ascarf.C.Adress2.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At7:20B.At7:30p.m.C.At7:50p.m.3.WhatdidTomdolastweekend?A.Hewatchedamovie.B.Hewasbusyworking.C.Hepracticedcalligraphy.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.ClassmatesB.DoctorandpatientC.Teacherandstudent5.Howistheweathernow?A.RainyB.HotC.Cold.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每題1.5分,總分值22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,答復(fù)第6、7題6.Whichsubjectdidthemanhelpthewomanwith?A.Geography.B.ChemistryC.Math7.Whydothespeakersplantogotothelibrary?A.Tostudyforatest.B.Todovoluntarywork.C.Toreturnsomebooks.聽第7段材料,答復(fù)第8至10題。8.Whenwasthefestivalfirstheld?A.1yearago.B.2yearsagoC.3yearsago.9.Whatcantheaudiencedoduringthefestival?A.Shootafilm.B.Learntousecameras.C.Communicatewithdirectors10.Wheredomostofthefilmscomefrom?A.Theman’sschool.B.Otheruniversities.C.Filmcompanies聽第8段材料,答復(fù)第11至13題。11.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisatrainer.B.Sheisoutofshape.C.Shejoinsafitnessclub.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtosleepwell.B.Howtokeephealthy.C.Howtogiveadvice.13.Whatdoesthemanprobablymeanintheend?A.Hewillsetupafitnessclub.B.Hewillhaveahealthcheck-up.C.Hewilltakethetrainer’sadvice.聽第9段材料,答復(fù)第14至16題。14.Wheredidthemantravel?A.ToNewYorkB.ToParisC.ToBeijing15.Whatdoesthemanregret?A.TastingFrenchfood.B.Forgettingtotakephotos.C.Missingthetopofthetower.16.Howdoesthemanfindthetrip?A.ExcitingB.DisappointingC.Tiring聽第10段材料,答復(fù)第17至20題。17.Whichpartofthebirdisblue?A.Itsfeet.B.ItseyesC.Itswings18.WheredidWillstarttoknowthebird?A.OnawebsiteB.InascienceclassC.Inacompany.19.WhatdidWilldowiththesocks?A.Hegavethemaway.B.Hekeptthemhimself.C.Hesoldthemtoothers20.What’sthepurposeoftheproject?AToraisefundstosavethebird.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdwell.C.Topreventthebirdfromillegaltrade.第二局部閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，總分值40分)第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分〕閱讀以下短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ALet'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.Nunavut,CanadaAuyuittuqNationalPark,whichmeans“thelandthatnevermelts〞,isjustoneoftheshockingwondersinNunavut,Therearemanyicefalls,mountains,anddeepvalleyswhilehikerscrossthe60mAkshayukPassinthesummer.Andthat'sjustoneattraction.Fromnarrowseastomountains,therearethreeareasinNunavut,allwithbeautifulnaturallandfeature.Visitorscanhunt,fish,mountainhike,andwalkacrossiceflows.NamibDesert,NamibiaAcoastaldesertinthesouthernareaofAfrica,itisknownforitsburntorange-goldensands.TheNamibhasbeendryforatleast55millionyearsandpossiblyasmanyas80million.Thenamemeans“vastspace〞,anditspreadsmorethan1200miles.Thehillofsandscanreachupto980feethighand20mileslong.Amazingly,thetemperaturesstrikingagainstcoldcurrentscreateafogbeltthatoftencoversthedesert.AntarcticaPerhapsthelastunspoiltplace,Antareticaisanemptylandscape.Notreesgrowhere,andonemusttravelwithatourismcompanyinordertovisit.Admireicebergs,sealions,whales,andlistentothesoundofabsolutelynothing.Fiordland,NewZealandOneofthemostshockingareasofNewZealand,Fiordlandcanbeseenonfoot,byair,orbywater.TheMilfordTrackisoneofthemostfamouswalks,withthetallestwaterfallinthecountryandimpressivevalleyviews.LakeMonowaiisaglassy,mirrorlikebodyofwatersurroundedbymountainsandbestexploredbyboatingonastillday.1.Huntingandfishingareavailableforvisitorsin_________.A.Nunavut B.NamibDesert C.Antarctica D.Fiordland2.WhatisNamibDesertfamousfor?A.Iceflows. B.Burntsands. C.Highhills. D.Valleyviews.3.Whichwordcanbestdescribeallthefourplaces?A.Unknown. B.Unreachable. C.Unmelted. D.Undamaged.4.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanthispassagebefound?A.Travel. B.Space. C.Opinion. D.Sports.【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個世界上未受到破壞的地方，詳細(xì)介紹了它們各自的特色和游客可以進(jìn)行的活動等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nunavut,Canada局部中“Visitorscanhunt,fish,mountainhike,andwalkacrossiceflows.(游客可以打獵、釣魚、爬山、在冰川上行走)〞可知，游客可以在Nunavut狩獵和釣魚。應(yīng)選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NamibDesert,Namibia局部中“AcoastaldesertinthesouthernareaofAfrica,itisknownforitsburntorange-goldensands.(它是非洲南部的一個沿海沙漠，以其焦黃色沙子而聞名)〞可知，NamibDesert以焦黃色沙子聞名。應(yīng)選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Let'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.(讓我們來看看世界上一些未被破壞的地方，它們是美麗的，因?yàn)樗鼈円恢北槐４嫦聛?，并記住保持它們原始的重要?〞可知，文章主要介紹了四個未被破壞的地方，D選項(xiàng)“undamaged(未受損害的)〞最能描述這四個地方。應(yīng)選D。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Let'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.(讓我們來看看世界上一些未被破壞的地方，它們是美麗的，因?yàn)樗鼈円恢北槐４嫦聛?，并記住保持它們原始的重要?〞結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四個世界上未受到破壞的地方，詳細(xì)介紹了它們各自的特色和游客可以進(jìn)行的活動等信息?？赏浦?，文章可能選自雜志的“旅游〞局部。應(yīng)選A。BLearningChinesecharacterscanbeahardjobforforeignersandevenforyoungChinese.ThegoodnewsisthatChineseCharacterOriginCards,anewproduct,canmakelearningthemeasyandfun.Canyoupicture108Chinesecharacterssuchasren(person),niao(bird),andlei(thunder)comingaliverightinfrontofyoureyes,tellingyouhowtheyhavedevelopedfromthesymbolscarvedonancientanimalbonesallthewaytowhattheylooklikenow?Thismaysoundimpossible,butit'sjustwhatthecardspromisetheirusers.Thecardswereco-developedbyanAmericanexpertRichardSearsandShiwangme,acompanymainlydevelopingARandAIapplications.“Ilikedtheideaofusing2Danimation,togetherwith3DARtoshowthecorrectorigin(起源)ofChinesecharacterstoChinesechildren,〞saidSears,whodecidedtoworkasaspecialexpertwithShiwangmetodeveloptheproductin2021.“WithSears'syearsofresearchandhisstrongdatabase,weareabletoshowlearnersthedevelopmentofChinesecharacterscorrectly,"saidShiwangmeCEOZhangShuai.TheARfeaturedinthecards“wouldsurelyofferusershigh-techexcitementsandmakethelearningexperiencemuchmorefun〞,Zhangadded.ThecardshavebeenwelcomedinthemarketandSearswontheJinlingFriendshipAward.However,ZhangandSearswon'trestontheirachievements.AccordingtoZhang,thisisonlythefirstsetofcards.Theywillrollouttwomore.Atotalof324ChinesecharacterswillbeincludedtohelpChineselearnersbuildastrongbasis.5.WhatdoweknowaboutChineseCharacterOriginCards?A.Itenjoysalonghistory. B.ItwascreatedbySearsalone.C.Ithas108Chinesecharactersnow. D.Itwasspeciallydesignedforforeigners.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rollout〞inParagraph5mean?A.Remove. B.Introduce. C.Ignore. D.Revise.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheApplicationsofARAndAIB.TheInventionofChineseCharactersC.RichardSearsWontheJinlingFriendshipAwardD.TechnologyAddsFuntoChineseCharactersLearning【答案】5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款高科技漢字起源卡片，它可以更好幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)漢字?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Canyoupicture108Chinesecharacterssuchasren(person),niao(bird),andlei(thunder)comingaliverightinfrontofyoureyes,tellingyouhowtheyhavedevelopedfromthesymbolscarvedonancientanimalbonesallthewaytowhattheylooklikenow?〔你能想象108個漢字，比方“人〞、“鳥〞、“雷〞，活生生地出現(xiàn)在你眼前嗎?它們是如何從刻在古代動物骨頭上的符號開展到現(xiàn)在的樣子的?〕〞可知，漢字起源卡片現(xiàn)有108個漢字。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜想題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Atotalof324ChinesecharacterswillbeincludedtohelpChineselearnersbuildastrongbasis.〞可知，現(xiàn)有108個漢字但未來有324個漢字幫助學(xué)習(xí)漢語，可推測，還有兩套將要被推出。所以rollout為“推廣，推行〞之意與introduce意思一致。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThegoodnewsisthatChineseCharacterOriginCards,anewproduct,canmakelearningthemeasyandfun.〔好消息是，一種新產(chǎn)品，漢字起源卡片，可以使學(xué)習(xí)漢字變得簡單和有趣。〕〞及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一款高科技漢字起源卡片，它可以更好幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)漢字，科技為漢字學(xué)習(xí)增添樂趣。所以“TechnologyAddsFuntoChineseCharactersLearning(科技給漢字學(xué)習(xí)帶來了樂趣)〞作為文章標(biāo)題最為適宜。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。CHowmanyphonenumberscanyourememberbyheart?It’sprobablyfewerthanyouwouldlike.Actually,you’renotalone.Outofmorethan1,000Americanswhoweresurveyed,morethanhalfsaidthattheycouldn’trecallthephonenumbersoftheirfriendsandneighbors.And44%saidthattheycouldn’tremembertheirrelatives’phonenumbers.Intheireyes,thereisnopointinfillingtheirheadswithphonenumbersifthey’reallstoredinsmartphonesthatarewiththemalmostallthetime.Infact,mostpeoplearesufferingfromasortofdigitalamnesia.Morethan90%ofthosesurveyedagreedthattheyusedtheInternetasanonlineextensionoftheirbrains.Rotememorizationwasonceanimportantpartofmoderneducation,butwejustneedaclickorslidenow.That’smakingusworseatrememberingthings.Researchersfoundthatwhenpeopleexpectedtohaveaccesstoinformationonline,theywerelesslikelytorememberactualfacts，butmorelikelytorememberhowtofindthem.Asaresult,wearealreadybecomingonewithourcomputertools,growingintointerconnectedsystemsthatrememberlessbyknowinginformationthanbyknowingwheretheinformationcanbefound.However,somebelieveitisn’tnecessarilyabadthing—maybeitgivesthemmorechancestothinkthroughthings.Wecertainlyhaveaccesstomoreknowledgenowthanever,evenifitisn’tallstoredinourbrains.Evenso,Istillbelievethattherearemoreriskstothisnewworldofmemorybeyondlosingourabilitytorecallsomeinformationsuchaswhothe15thPresidentwas.Thatkindofinformationmayalwaysbeaclickaway,buttheimportantthingsarepersonalones,likethewayyourparentssmiledatyourwedding.It’shardertorecallorfindonline.Ifyou’rerelyingonyourselftokeeptrackofthosememories,theywillbemuchmoremeaningful.8.Paragraph1ismainlyusedto________.A.serveasthebackground B.introducethetopicC.explainnewresearch D.attractreaders’attention9.What’sthemaincauseofpeople’ssufferingfromdigitalamnesia?A.Dealingwithtoomanythings. B.Seldomthinkingaboutquestions.C.RelyingontheInternettoomuch. D.Thechangesoftheirmemories.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Over90%peoplearesufferingfromdigitalamnesia.B.Rotememorizationnolongerexistsinmodernlife.C.Peoplecangainknowledgemoreeasilythanbefore.D.Peoplefindithardtorememberhowtofindinformation11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’smemoriesnow?A.Worried. B.Optimistic. C.Disappointed. D.Confident.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了很多人因依賴網(wǎng)絡(luò)或來存儲、記憶信息導(dǎo)致其對根本信息的記憶力下降，作者對此現(xiàn)象表示擔(dān)憂?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Outofmorethan1,000Americanswhoweresurveyed,morethanhalfsaidthattheycouldn’trecallthephonenumbersoftheirfriendsandneighbors.And44%saidthattheycouldn’tremembertheirrelatives’phonenumbers.Intheireyes,thereisnopointinfillingtheirheadswithphonenumbersifthey’reallstoredinsmartphonesthatarewiththemalmostallthetime.(在接受調(diào)查的1000多名美國人中，超過一半的人說他們想不起朋友和鄰居的號碼。44%的人說他們不記得親戚的號碼。在他們看來，如果號碼都存儲在智能里，而且?guī)缀鯚o時無刻不帶在身邊，那么用這些號碼填滿他們的腦袋就沒有意義了)〞提到了目前一種常見的現(xiàn)象：很多人都不能清楚地記住號碼，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為有存儲，大腦就沒有必要記憶號碼。所以充分說明了對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依賴削弱了人們的記憶力。即本段是作為引子，引出了本文討論的話題。應(yīng)選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Infact,mostpeoplearesufferingfromasortofdigitalamnesia.Morethan90%ofthosesurveyedagreedthattheyusedtheInternetasanonlineextensionoftheirbrains.Rotememorizationwasonceanimportantpartofmoderneducation,butwejustneedaclickorslidenow.That’smakingusworseatrememberingthings.(事實(shí)上，大多數(shù)人都患有某種數(shù)字健忘癥。超過90%的受訪者同意他們將互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為大腦的在線延伸。死記硬背曾經(jīng)是現(xiàn)代教育的重要組成局部，但我們現(xiàn)在只需要點(diǎn)擊或滑動一下。這讓我們的記憶力變差了)〞可知，是人們對網(wǎng)絡(luò)依賴太多導(dǎo)致了健忘癥。應(yīng)選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Wecertainlyhaveaccesstomoreknowledgenowthanever,evenifitisn’tallstoredinourbrains.(我們現(xiàn)在接觸到的知識肯定比以往任何時候都多，即使這些知識并沒有全部儲存在我們的大腦中)〞可知，人們可以比以前更容易獲得知識。應(yīng)選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Evenso,Istillbelievethattherearemoreriskstothisnewworldofmemorybeyondlosingourabilitytorecallsomeinformationsuchaswhothe15thPresidentwas.(即便如此，我仍然相信這個新的記憶世界存在更多的風(fēng)險，而不僅僅是喪失回憶一些信息的能力，比方第15任總統(tǒng)是誰)〞可知，作者認(rèn)為人們記憶力減退有一定的風(fēng)險性，可推測作者對這一現(xiàn)象是擔(dān)憂的。應(yīng)選A。DAnimalsintheArctic,includingreindeerandgoldeneagles,aremigratingearlierduetoclimatechange,sayresearcherswhohavegatheredahugeamountofdatatostudythebehaviorof86Arcticspeciesoverthepastthreedecades.“Wehavetheabilitytokeepoureyesonanimalmovementsonaverylargescale,〞saysEliezerGurarieattheUniversityofMaryland.“Itseemsthatanimalsareunknowinglyreactingandadaptingtoclimaticchanges,andhavebeendoingforyears.〞GurarieandhisteamusedGPSandsatellitestotrackthespringmigrationofmorethan900femalereindeeroverthepast15years.Theydiscoveredthatthefemalesaremigratingtogivebirthaboutadayearlieryearonyear,probablyasaresultofwarmingtemperatures.EarlierbirthingtimescanberiskyinnorthernpartsoftheArctic,saysteammemberGilBohreratOhioStateUniversity.“Therearehigherchancesoftheirchildrenfacingstrongandunexpectedstorms,〞hesays.Iftheydo,manywilldiebecausetheycannotdealwithextremeconditions.Similarly,goldeneagles—whichusuallynestintheArcticarea—havebeenstartingtheirspringmigrationhalfadayearliereachyearoverthepast25years.“Theday-to-daychangeofclimateisverysmall,〞saysBohrer.“Tounderstandhowanimalsreacttoclimatechange,youneedaverylongperiodofobservation—somethingthathasonlyrecentlybeenpossible.〞Theresearchers’archiveofArcticanimalmovementcurrentlycoversmorethan15milliondatapointsrelatedto8000animals.“Ourarchivecanhelptoadvisemanagementmethodstopreserveendangeredspecies,asclimatechangeonlybecomesmoreextreme,〞saysBohrer.12.WhatcanweconcludefromGurarie’swords?A.Researcherscanguideanimalmovements.B.Animalscanadapttoclimatechangeeasily.C.Animalsdon’tknowhowtoreacttothechanges.D.Earliermigrationisanimals’reactiontowarmerclimate.13Whatisapossiblebadeffectofanimals’givingbirthearlier?A.Childrenhavelessopportunitytosurvive. B.Therewillbemoreunexpectedstorms.C.Fewerchildrenwillbedelivered. D.Theymaymigrateearlierinspring.14.WhatdoesBohrerwanttostressinParagraph5?A.Thesmallchangeofclimate. B.Thechallengeoftheresearch.C.Thepossibilityofobservinganimals. D.Thepurposeoftheresearch.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theobservationofanimals. B.Newly-foundanimalsindanger.C.Thediscoveryofanimals’migratingearlier. D.Animals’extinctioncausedbyglobalwarming.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)北極地區(qū)的動物由于天氣變化較早的遷移，文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及此項(xiàng)研究的意義。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itseemsthatanimalsareunknowinglyreactingandadaptingtoclimaticchanges,andhavebeendoingforyears.(似乎動物在不知不覺中對氣候變化做出反響和適應(yīng)，并且已經(jīng)這樣做了多年)〞可知，從Gurarie的話中可以推斷出，更早的遷徙是動物對溫暖氣候的反響。應(yīng)選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“EarlierbirthingtimescanberiskyinnorthernpartsoftheArctic,saysteammemberGilBohreratOhioStateUniversity.“Therearehigherchancesoftheirchildrenfacingstrongandunexpectedstorms,〞hesays.Iftheydo,manywilldiebecausetheycannotdealwithextremeconditions.(俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員GilBohrer說，在北極北部地區(qū)，提早生育可能會有風(fēng)險。他說：“它們的孩子更有可能面臨強(qiáng)烈的、意想不到的風(fēng)暴。〞如果它們這樣做了，許多幼崽會因?yàn)闊o法應(yīng)對極端條件而死亡)〞可知，早出生的動物存活下來的時機(jī)更低。應(yīng)選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Theday-to-daychangeofclimateisverysmall,〞saysBohrer.“Tounderstandhowanimalsreacttoclimatechange,youneedaverylongperiodofobservation—somethingthathasonlyrecentlybeenpossible.〞(“氣候的日常變化很小，〞Bohrer說，“要了解動物對氣候變化的反響，你需要很長時間的觀察——這是最近才可能做到的。〞)〞可推斷，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)了研究的困難，觀察動物對氣候的變化不容易。應(yīng)選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“AnimalsintheArctic,includingreindeerandgoldeneagles,aremigratingearlierduetoclimatechange(由于氣候變化，北極的動物，包括馴鹿和金鷹在內(nèi)的北極動物正在提前遷徙)〞結(jié)合本文主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)北極地區(qū)的動物由于天氣變化較早的遷移，文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及此項(xiàng)研究的意義。由此可知，這篇文章主要講了動物提前遷徙的發(fā)現(xiàn)。應(yīng)選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.___16___Trythefollowingsteps：Calmyourself.___17___Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.___18___Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.___19___Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.___20___Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.AWhyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.E【解析】【分析】文章是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了人們寬恕他人的方法和途徑?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容和“Trythefollowingsteps〞可知，接下來是提的建議，故空白處是問“應(yīng)該怎樣原諒他人呢？〞之類的話。起承上啟下的作用，應(yīng)選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)Calmyourself(要冷靜)和takeacoupleofbreaths(深呼吸)可知，這里講的是，要學(xué)會舒緩憤怒，讓自己平靜下來。F選項(xiàng)Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.讓憤怒逐漸消散，嘗試一個簡單的壓力管理技巧，符合，應(yīng)選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第一句“Don'twaitforanapology.〞可知，不能等待他人的原諒，G選項(xiàng)Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.如果等他人來抱歉，你可能會等相當(dāng)長的時間，G項(xiàng)與waitfor有關(guān)，應(yīng)選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)IfIfyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.可知，如果你理解惹怒你的人，你可能會意識到他是無意傷害你的，應(yīng)該站在對方的角度考慮一下。D選項(xiàng)Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender'sangle.試著站在對方的角度思考問題.，符合。應(yīng)選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)“Don'tforgettoforgiveyourself.〞和“...robyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit〞可知，最后一段說的是，要學(xué)會自我原諒，E項(xiàng)“對一些人來說，原諒他們自己是最大的挑戰(zhàn)〞符合語境。應(yīng)選E。第三局部語言知識運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié),總分值45分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)Hansenandhis10-year-oldsonChasesearchthestreetsofSaltLakeCityeveryweekendforthehomelesstotaketolunch.TheystartedProjectEmpathy(共情)fouryearsagoto____21____ameal,listentotheirstoriesandfiguredouthowtheycould____22____help.“Juststartwithasmile,ahello.Itreallyjuststartswiththat.Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.Asmallgesturecanhavea____23____impactonotherslessfortunate,〞Hansen____24____inaninterview.Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger____25____.Ward,ahomeless,was____26____inaflat.HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim____27____thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets.“Itisgreattohavefriendswhomakeusfeel____28____andI’mimpressedwiththepair,〞Wardsaid.Fatherandson’s____29____havedevelopedintoapassionprojectthat_____30_____faithandcommunity,whichemphasizesthe_____31_____communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.Theyknowtheycan’tsettlethehomeless_____32_____alone.They’rehopingempathywill_____33_____“Myhopeforthefutureisto_____34_____moreconnectionacrossourcountry.Wecouldandwewillsucceed_____35_____wehaveotherpeoplejoininandhelpthehomeless,〞Chasesaid.21.A.buy B.cook C.share D.eat22.A.often B.further C.also D.even23.A.dramatic B.different C.minimum D.decisive24.A.commented B.praised C.joked D.quoted25.A.desires B.connections C.motivations D.opinions26.A.provided B.permitted C.abandoned D.housed27.A.through B.for C.despite D.to28.A.surprised B.anxious C.awesome D.annoyed29.A.dreams B.influences C.experiences D.efforts30.A.assesses B.compares C.highlights D.respects31.A.importance B.task C.chance D.role32.A.argument B.problem C.debt D.conflict33.A.goaway B.catchon C.workout D.giveoff34.A.spread B.miss C.exchange D.maintain35.A.before B.until C.if D.so【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.D31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了漢森父子成立“共情〞工程幫助無家可歸者的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，他們開始了“移情工程〞(ProjectEmpathy)，共進(jìn)晚餐，傾聽他們的故事，并想方法進(jìn)一步提供幫助。A.buy買；B.cook烹飪；C.share分享；D.eat吃。根據(jù)下文的“Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger(5)Ward〞可知，此處用“共享〞符合語境，share是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。應(yīng)選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，他們開始了“移情工程〞(ProjectEmpathy)，共進(jìn)晚餐，傾聽他們的故事，并想方法進(jìn)一步提供幫助。A.often經(jīng)常；B.further進(jìn)一步；C.also也；D.even甚至。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指除了給那些無家可歸的人分享食物和聽他們講述自己的事情外，父子兩如何為他們提供進(jìn)一步的幫助。應(yīng)選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漢森在接受采訪時說：“一個小小的舉動就會對那些不幸的人產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。〞A.dramatic巨大的，戲劇性的；B.different不同的；C.minimum最小的；D.decisive決定性的。根據(jù)后文的描述，并結(jié)合此處與前文的small相對可知，表達(dá)小小的舉動卻能產(chǎn)生大大的影響。應(yīng)選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漢森在接受采訪時說：“一個小小的舉動就會對那些不幸的人產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。〞。A.commented評論；B.praised贊美；C.joked開玩笑；D.quoted引用。此處用了漢森采訪時說的一句話，故用“commented〞符合語境。應(yīng)選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其中一些共享的食物已經(jīng)變成了更強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系。A.desires愿望；B.connections聯(lián)系；C.motivations動機(jī)；D.opinions意見。根據(jù)上文的“Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.〞可知，此處是信息詞connection的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。應(yīng)選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沃德是個無家可歸的人，被安置在一間公寓里。A.provided提供；B.permitted允許；C.abandoned拋棄；D.housed給提供住處。根據(jù)“inaflat〞可知，此處是指漢森父子給沃德提供了一間公寓用來居住。應(yīng)選D。【27題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他感謝漢森一家?guī)椭冗^了擺脫街頭生活的艱難過程。A.through通過；B.for為了；C.despite盡管；D.to向，對于。結(jié)合“thedifficultprocess〞可知，此處through符合語境。應(yīng)選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沃德說:“能有讓我們感覺很棒的朋友真是太好了，我對他們倆印象深刻。〞A.surprised驚訝的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.awesome令人驚嘆的；D.annoyed惱怒的。結(jié)合上下文可知，漢森父子幫助無家可歸的人，和他們共享食物，給他們提供住所等，這讓他們感覺非常好。應(yīng)選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)開展成為一個充滿激情的工程，它尊重信仰和社區(qū)，強(qiáng)調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.dreams夢想；B.influences影響；C.experiences經(jīng)歷；D.efforts努力。此處是指父子兩幫助無家可歸的人的努力，影響了周圍的人。應(yīng)選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)開展成為一個充滿激情的工程，它尊重信仰和社區(qū)，強(qiáng)調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.assesses評估；B.compares比擬；C.highlights強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.respects尊重。根據(jù)下文的“whichemphasizesthe(11)communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless〞可知，此處highlight和emphasize是同義詞，符合語境。應(yīng)選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)開展成為一個充滿激情的工程，它尊重信仰和社區(qū)，強(qiáng)調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.importance重要性；B.task任務(wù)；C.chance時機(jī)；D.role角色。此處是指社區(qū)的每個成員都可以幫助無家可歸的人，即每個人都可以充當(dāng)幫助別人的角色。應(yīng)選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們知道自己無法單獨(dú)解決無家可歸者的問題。A.argument爭論；B.problem問題；C.debt債務(wù)；D.conflict爭端。根據(jù)常識可知，無家可歸是一個社會問題。應(yīng)選B。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們希望“共情〞可以變得流行。A.goaway走開；B.catchon變得流行；C.workout計算出，鍛煉；D.giveoff散發(fā)〔光、熱、氣味〕。根據(jù)上文的“Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless(12)alone.〞可推知，他們希望“共情〞這個工程可以變得流行，這樣可以讓更多的人來幫助無家可歸者。應(yīng)選B。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我對未來的希望是在全國范圍內(nèi)傳播更多的聯(lián)系。A.spread傳播；B.miss思念，錯過；C.exchange交流；D.maintain維持。根據(jù)下文的“acrossourcountry〞可知此處用“傳播〞符合語境。應(yīng)選A?！?5題詳解】考查附屬連詞辨析。句意：如果我們讓其他人參加進(jìn)來幫助無家可歸的人，我們就可以，也一定會成功。A.before在……之前；B.until直到；C.if如果；D.so因此。結(jié)合前后文語境可知，此處應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果〞。應(yīng)選C。第二節(jié)語法填空〔共10小題;每題1.5分，總分值15分〕閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適宜的單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earthquakesarequitecommon.Infact,thousandsofearthquakesarehappeningalmostateverymoment.However,mostof____36____(they)aretooweaktofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenabignoisefirst.Thentheearthshakes____37____(terrible)andmanyhousesfalldown.Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld,theearthquakeoftenresult____38____manypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.In2021,aterribleearthquake____39____(strike)China’sSichuanProvince,causingseverecasualties.Besidesthegreatdamageanddeaths____40____(cause)bytheearthquake,otheraccidentssuchasfiresoftenfollow.Morebuildingsmaybedamagedandmoreinjuriesmaybecaused.For____41____(century),peoplehavebeenmakingstudiesofearthquakes.About2,000yearsago,forexample,____42____ChinesescientistnamedZhangHenginventedamachine____43____couldfindoutthedirectionwheretheearthquakewavescame.Withtherapid____44____(develop)ofmodernscienceandtechnology,wenowknowalotmoreaboutearthquakes.However,itisstilldifficultforscientists_____45_____(predict)exactlywhenandwheretheearthquakewillhappen,andcan’tstopitfromhappening.【答案】36.them37.terribly38.in39.struck40.caused41.centuries42.a43.which/that44.development45.topredict【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹世界上最致命的自然災(zāi)害之一——地震，和它給人們帶來的災(zāi)難以及為預(yù)防地震科學(xué)家所付出的努力。【36題詳解】考查人稱代詞賓格。句意：然而，他們中的大多數(shù)人太弱了，感覺不到。介詞of后面用代詞賓格，此處指“他們中的大多數(shù)〞，在句中作主語。故填them?！?7題詳解】考查副詞修飾動詞。句意：然后，大地可怕地震動，許多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是謂語動詞，由副詞修飾，所給詞terrible是形容詞，其副詞是terribly。故填terribly?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：作為世界上最致命的自然災(zāi)害之一，地震經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致許多人受傷或死亡。動詞短語：resultin“導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是〞。故填in?！?9題詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：在2021年，一場可怕的地震襲擊了中國四川省，造成嚴(yán)重的人員傷亡。根據(jù)In2021,可知句子用一般過去時，動詞strike的過去式是struck。故填struck?！?0題詳解】考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意：除了地震造成的巨大破壞和死亡，其他事故如火災(zāi)經(jīng)常隨之而來。句中thegreatdamageanddeaths和動詞cause之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去分詞作后置定語。故填caused。【41題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：幾個世紀(jì)以來，人們一直在研究地震。所給詞century是可數(shù)名詞，這里指“幾個世紀(jì)〞，所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填centuries?！?2題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：例如，大約2000年前，一位名叫張衡的中國科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一種機(jī)器，這種機(jī)器可以知道地震波來的方向。這里表示泛指，用不定冠詞a表示“一個〞名叫張衡的科學(xué)家。故填a?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：例如，大約2000年前，一位名叫張衡的中國科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一種機(jī)器，這種機(jī)器可以知道地震波來的方向。此處machine作先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作主語，由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which/that?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速開展，我們現(xiàn)在對地震有了更多的了解。句中rapid是形容詞，修飾名詞，所給詞develop是動詞，其名詞是development。故填development。【45題詳解】考查不定式作主語。句意：然而，對科學(xué)家來說，準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測地震發(fā)生的時間和地點(diǎn)，并不能阻止它的發(fā)生仍然是困難的。句中it是形式主語，動詞不定式是真正在的主語。故填topredict。寫作〔共三節(jié)，總分值35分〕第一節(jié)詞匯〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕根據(jù)句子上下文及所給的中