北京市2021年中考英語試題(解析版)

2021年北京市中考真題英語姓名_____________準(zhǔn)考證號_____________考場號_____________座位號_____________考生須知1.本試卷共10頁,共兩部分,共39題,滿分60分,考試時間90分鐘。2.在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上、選擇題用2B鉛筆作答,其他試題用黑色字簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束,請將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題,共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中,選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空(每題0.5分,共6分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Mary’sbirthdayiscoming.We’vedecidedtomakeacakefor________.A.him B.her C.you D.them【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：瑪麗的生日快到了。我們決定為她做一個蛋糕?？疾榇~辨析。him他；her她；you你/你們；them他們。根據(jù)“Mary’sbirthdayiscoming.”可知，此處指Mary，女性，故選B。2.SpaceDayofChinafalls________April24theveryyear.A.on B.by C.at D.in【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：每年的4月24日是中國的“航天日”?？疾榻樵~辨析。on用在星期或具體時間前；by到……為止；at其后加點鐘等；in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根據(jù)“April24th”可知，此處加具體的時間，故選A。3.—________shallwemeetforthepicnic?—Attheschoolgate.A.How B.When C.Why D.Where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們野餐在哪里見面？——在學(xué)校門口?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧?。How如何；When何時；Why為什么；Where哪里。根據(jù)“Attheschoolgate.”可知，此處對地點提問，故選D。4.—Sam,________Ijoinyouinthecommunityservice?—Ofcourseyoucan.A.can B.must C.should D.need【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——Sam，我能加入你的社區(qū)服務(wù)嗎？——你當(dāng)然可以。考查動詞辨析。can可以；must必須；should應(yīng)該；need需要。根據(jù)“Ofcourseyoucan.”可知，此處請求對方允許，用can，故選A。5.Thedoctorsworkedfortenhours,________nobodytookabreak.A.so B.for C.but D.or【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：醫(yī)生們已經(jīng)工作了十個小時，但是沒人休息?？疾檫B詞辨析。so因此；for為了；but但是；or或者。根據(jù)前后句句意可知，“連續(xù)工作十小時”和“不休息”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。6.TheteacherisgladtoseethatTonyis________thanbefore.A.careful B.morecareful C.mostcareful D.themostcareful【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：老師很高興看到托尼比以前細心了?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。根據(jù)“thanbefore”可知，此處需用比較級，故選B。7.—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.A.willwrite B.amwriting C.wrote D.havewritten【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——彼得，你在干什么？——哦，我在寫一篇關(guān)于國家英雄的報道?？疾楝F(xiàn)在進行時。根據(jù)“whatareyoudoing”可知，此處強調(diào)動作正在發(fā)生，使用現(xiàn)在進行時，故選B。8.MyparentsandI________treeslastSunday.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanting D.planted【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：我的父母和我上星期天種樹?？疾橐话氵^去時。根據(jù)“l(fā)astSunday”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故選D。9.—Lily,whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?—I________exercisewithmyfriends.A.do B.did C.willdo D.wasdoing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——莉莉，放學(xué)后你通常做什么？——我和我的朋友一起鍛煉?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時。根據(jù)“whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool”可知，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是I，動詞用原形，故選A。10.Mr.Smith________Chinesefortwoyears.He’smuchbetteratitnow.A.learns B.waslearning C.haslearned D.willlearn【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：史密斯先生學(xué)漢語已經(jīng)兩年了。他現(xiàn)在做得好多了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“fortwoyears”可知，強調(diào)時間的延續(xù)，用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選C。11.Today,manywinterOlympicsports________evenbychildren.A.enjoyed B.enjoy C.wereenjoyed D.areenjoyed【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：今天，許多冬季奧運會項目甚至受到孩子們的喜愛。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“Today”可知，是一般現(xiàn)在時，根據(jù)“bychildren”可知，表被動，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。12.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—NextThursdaymorningA.whenwevisitedtheCapitalMuseum B.whendidwevisittheCapitalMuseumC.whenwewillvisittheCapitalMuseum D.whenwillwevisittheCapitalMuseum【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我我們什么時候去參觀首都博物館嗎？——下個星期四早上?？疾橘e語從句。此處是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除BD；根據(jù)答語“NextThursdaymorning.”可知，對將來時間提問，故選C。二、完形填空(每題1分,共8分)閱讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇最佳選項。ThePictureofPeaceWhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer.Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)toentertheschool_____13_____competition.“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays.Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!”Mikecomplained.“Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?”suggestedMom.“Ican’t—therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarolloffilm,itgetsdeveloped(沖洗膠卷),andwe_____14_____onephotoforthecompetition.”“Whyisasunsetsoimportant?”Momasked.“The_____15_____ofthecompetitionispeace,”Mikeexplained,“andIfeelmostpeacefulseeingasunset.”Zach,hissix-year-oldbrothercameoutofthebedroom.“Hey,youwanttotakeapictureofme?Look!”Heputbotharmsoverhishead.“Notrightnow,”saidMike,laughing.Thatveryafternoon,Mikefeltexcitedwhenhesawclearskies.Hecarefullylineduphisshot(鏡頭)andwaited_____16_____tillthesunreachedtheground.“That’sit!Perfect!”heshoutedcheerfully.Thenextmorning,Mikenoticedhecouldtakeonemorepicturetocompletetherolloffilm,sohewalkedintoZach’sroom.Zachwas_____17_____quietlywithateddybearunderhisarm.Mikedidn’twakeZachup,andcarefullytookapictureofhim.Aweeklater,Mikegotthephotos.Thesunsetpicturewastheonehewasmost_____18_____tosee.Thereitwas!ItwasasnearlyperfectasMikehadexpected.Then,helookedthroughtheotherphotos.Suddenly,hestopped.Hiseyebrows(眉毛)roseashe_____19_____thephotoofZach.Helookedbackatthephotoofthesunset,whichseemedlessperfectnow.He_____20_____thetwochoices.Finally,hedecidedtohandinthephotoofZachforthecompetition.13.A.violin B.tennis C.photo D.chess14.A.choose B.collect C.describe D.design15.A.prize B.topic C.result D.purpose16.A.politely B.bravely C.hopefully D.secretly17.A.playing B.reading C.writing D.sleeping18.A.afraid B.eager C.surprised D.confused19.A.studied B.shared C.copied D.fixed20.A.changed B.offered C.accepted D.weighed【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.C17.D18.B19.A20.D【解析】【分析】Mike從小就夢想成為一名攝影師，一天學(xué)校組辦攝影比賽，他希望用日落的照片參賽。之后無意間Zach的一張照片吸引了他的注意了，他改變了主意?！?3題詳解】句意：最近，他嘗試拍攝日落的照片參加校攝影比賽。violin小提琴；tennis網(wǎng)球；photo照片；chess象棋。根據(jù)“Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)...”可知拍攝照片是為了參加攝影比賽。故選C。【14題詳解】句意：我們上交一卷膠卷，沖洗膠卷后選一張參加比賽。choose選擇；collect收集；describe描述；design設(shè)計。根據(jù)“...forthecompetition.”可知此處指選一張照片參加比賽。故選A。【15題詳解】句意：比賽的主題是和平。prize獎勵；topic主題；result結(jié)果；purpose目的。根據(jù)“The...ofthecompetitionispeace”可知此處介紹比賽的主題，攝影比賽通常都有一個主題。故選B?！?6題詳解】句意：他小心地調(diào)整鏡頭，滿心希望地等著太陽到達地面。politely禮貌地；bravely勇敢地；hopefully有希望地；secretly秘密地。根據(jù)“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays.Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!”可知Mike期待很多天晴天，終于等到了，所以抱有希望地等著。故選C。【17題詳解】句意：Zach摟著泰迪熊在安靜地睡覺。playin玩；reading讀書；writing寫；sleeping睡覺。根據(jù)“Mikedidn’twakeZachup,andcarefullytookapictureofhim.”可知Zach在睡覺。故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：日落的照片是他最渴望看到的。afraid害怕的；eager渴望的；surprised驚訝的；confused困惑的。根據(jù)“Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset(日落)toentertheschoolphotocompetition.”可知Mike想用日落的照片參賽，所以渴望看到日落的照片。故選B?！?9題詳解】句意：在他研究了Zach的照片時眉毛上揚。studied研究；shared分享；copied復(fù)制；fixed維修。根據(jù)“Helookedbackatthephotoofthesunset,whichseemedlessperfectnow.”可知他對比了兩張照片，認(rèn)真地研究下。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：他衡量了這兩個選擇。changed改變；offered提供；accepted接受；weighed權(quán)衡。根據(jù)“Finally,hedecidedtohandinthephotoofZachforthecompetition.”可知最終Mike選擇Zach的照片參賽，因此是經(jīng)過仔細權(quán)衡的。故選D。三、閱讀理解(每題2分,共26分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇最佳選項。AYoungHeroesforthePlanetNowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.SavingPandasWhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.GrowingRightKathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto(本土的)theirarea.CreatingEnergyAttheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity(電),Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.CleaningUpPatrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.21.Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?A.Jack. B.Kathy. C.Linda. D.Patrick.22.HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?A.11. B.12. C.13. D.14.23.WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?A.Tofightplasticpollution. B.ToprotectpandasindangerC.Tolearnaboutnativeplants. D.Touseheattomakeelectricity.【答案】21.A22.B23.A【解析】【分析】現(xiàn)在世界上的人們都在努力保護我們的星球，本文介紹了四位正在改變世界的人?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.”可知，Jack創(chuàng)辦了一個組織去教孩子們關(guān)于熊貓知識。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.”可知，Linda發(fā)明SuperE的時候12歲。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.”可知，Patrick項目目標(biāo)是對抗塑料垃圾。故選A。BWhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned(指派)tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle(戰(zhàn)役)formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe(驚嘆),becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.24.WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?A.Cold. B.Lazy. C.Noisy. D.Slow.25.InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.A.wroteherabook B.madeheratoy C.drewherapicture D.toldherastory26.Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.A.herteacherslovedher B.herclassmateswerekindC.thewriterunderstoodher D.shehadtostudyevenharder【答案】24.A25.D26.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述作者幫助一個不愛講話的女孩Shelley變得更加開朗的故事，作者驚嘆于Shelley的改變，因為作者認(rèn)為自己所做的就是讓Shelley知道自己并不孤單?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.”可知，作者第一次見到Shelley時，她沉默而冷漠。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.”和“OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.”可知，為了接近Shelley，作者給她講了一個故事。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.”，“Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.”和“Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.”可知，Shelley改變了很多是因為她意識到作者理解她。故選C。CSchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetablesIt’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake(攝入量).HowtheStudyWasCarriedOutThestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGetThestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases(慢性疾病).Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed(接觸)tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.28Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether.Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.27.Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?A.Theydidresearchonnewplants. B.Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.C.Theytookhomegreenvegetables D.Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.28.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?A.IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHomeB.WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHomeC.ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildrenD.SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents29.Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?A.Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.B.Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.C.Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.D.Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.【答案】27.B28.B29.D【解析】【分析】本文介紹了在學(xué)校花園里讓學(xué)生自己種植蔬菜的好處。【27題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables”可知，在該項目中，每一所學(xué)校都建了一個花園，孩子們在那里學(xué)會種植自己的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，故選B?！?8題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)“Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful”及整段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了從不同方面鼓勵孩子們多吃蔬菜的方法，故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce”可知，教孩子們自己種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品是增加他們對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品偏好的一個很好的方法，所以實踐經(jīng)驗可能會影響孩子的偏好，故選D。DNatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭)againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(適應(yīng)),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting(打獵).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons(武器)isrelatedtothatadaptation-fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.30.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Culturebelongstohumannature.B.Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.C.Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.D.Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.31.WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?A.Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.B.Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.C.Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.D.Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.32.Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.A.system B.spread C.start D.spirit33.Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?A.Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.B.Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.C.Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.D.Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.【答案】30.D31.C32.B33.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，自然和文化常常被視為對立的觀點，但是人類發(fā)展的研究表明，文化，無論是作為一種反對自然的努力還是自然的努力，都是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分。生物的發(fā)展和文化的發(fā)展是緊密相連的，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關(guān)?！?0題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)“Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭)againsthumannature.”和“Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures”可知，人們把教育的過程看作是一場與人性的斗爭，教育把文化作為一種方式，讓我們擺脫最廣泛的天性。所以本段想說明教育推動人類進步。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Consider,forexample,hunting(打獵).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.”可知，打獵似乎是一種適應(yīng)，使人類能夠進入新和不同的地區(qū)，打開改變生活習(xí)慣的機會。文章提到打獵是為了展示文化是如何隨著人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)展的。故選C。【32題詳解】詞義猜測題。分析“Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture.”可知，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關(guān)。就像蝸牛帶著它們的殼一樣，我們也帶著我們的文化。所以此處transmission的意思是“傳播”，故選B?！?3題詳解】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).”可知，作者認(rèn)為文化，無論是作為一種反對自然的努力還是自然的努力，都是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分，作者認(rèn)為自然和文化之間是對立且密切聯(lián)系的。故選C。第二部分本部分共6題,共20分。根據(jù)題目要求,完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達（每題2分,共10分）閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,“Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?”Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,“Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch.”Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents’drop-off,theycan’tusetheirown“screens”atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It’sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout“screens”.Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis“outofdate”.Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon“l(fā)ikes”they’vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn’tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner’slife.34.Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?35.Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?36.Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?37.Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?38.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?【答案】34.Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.35.Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.36.Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.37.Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.38.本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.

【解析】【分析】本文向我們介紹學(xué)校的無屏幕日，起初學(xué)生認(rèn)為這是不可能的，但是慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)無屏幕日帶來更多的是好處。【34題詳解】根據(jù)“Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.”可知，根據(jù)調(diào)查，學(xué)校的大多數(shù)學(xué)生每天花大約6小時在屏幕上。故填Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.【35題詳解】根據(jù)“However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.”可知，我們老師也希望確保學(xué)生在遠離屏幕的情況下能夠平衡學(xué)習(xí)和社交體驗，這就是提出“無屏幕日”理念的原因。故填Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.【36題詳解】根據(jù)“Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.”可知，學(xué)校組織了一些有趣的活動，比如紙牌游戲和密室逃生游戲。故填Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.【37題詳解】根據(jù)“Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.”可知，在第一個無屏幕日之后，學(xué)生們提到，他們很驚訝自己能喜歡它。故填Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.【38題詳解】本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.五、文段表達(10分)從下面兩個題目中任選一題,根據(jù)中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。39.北京是一座蘊含著豐富文化的城市，這里的建筑、戲曲、美食、服飾、手工藝品等，都有文化的印記。假如你是李華，你校英語社團正在開展線上國際交流活動，其公眾號計劃做關(guān)于北京文化的系列推送，現(xiàn)就“CulturalSymbolsofBeijing(北京文化標(biāo)志)”這一話題在校內(nèi)收集素材。請你用英語給公眾號留言，推薦一個你眼中的北京文化標(biāo)志，對其作簡要介紹，并說明推薦理由。提示詞語：show,traditional,love,treasure,important提示問題：Inyouropinion,what’stheculturalsymbolofBeijing?Pleasedescribeit.Whydoyouthinkitcanbeasymbol?I’mLiHua,fromClassI,Grade9._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________